A sugarcane special fertilizer suitable for sugarcane-peanut intercropping mode and application thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of microbial technology, and in particular to a sugarcane-specific fertilizer suitable for sugarcane-peanut intercropping and its application. The sugarcane-specific fertilizer of this application is prepared by mixing chemical fertilizer, GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer in a mass ratio of (5-7):(1-3):(2-3). The GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer in this bio-fertilizer are prepared by co-fermentation of non-lactose-degrading streptococci GX-2 and GX-7 selected by the research group with plants. Direct application of this microbial fertilizer to the soil does not have a significant promoting effect on the growth of sugarcane. However, when this microbial fertilizer is applied in combination with chemical fertilizer, under a specific ratio, it can significantly improve the plant height and yield stability of sugarcane plants in sugarcane monoculture and sugarcane-peanut intercropping systems while maintaining or slightly reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer used, thus achieving the goal of "reducing fertilizer use and increasing efficiency".

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microbial technology, and in particular to a sugarcane-specific fertilizer suitable for sugarcane-peanut intercropping and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Microbial fertilizers represent an important direction for the development of green agriculture. Currently, *Streptococcus lactis* (…) Lactococcus spp. Microorganisms such as *Streptococcus non-lactolyticus* have been developed as bio-agents to repair oxidative damage in plants or decompose organic matter to provide nutrients (e.g., Chinese patent publication CN111574299A). Furthermore, studies have shown that mixtures of succinic acid and lactic acid can increase plant biomass at certain concentrations. Streptococcus alactolyticus The bacteria are mainly derived from animals. Currently, there are no publicly reported studies on the direct use of non-lactose-degrading Streptococcus to prepare plant growth-promoting microbial fertilizers or growth regulators. This is primarily because the colonization and function of animal-derived microorganisms in the soil environment are uncertain, their effectiveness in soil improvement and plant growth promotion lacks research evidence, and their application carries high risks; therefore, this direction has not been explored for a long time.

[0003] However, the inventors made an unexpected discovery in their series of studies on the preparation of silage using *Streptococcus non-lactolyticus*: specific strains (such as GX-2 and GX-7) showed a significant enrichment of plant growth hormones (such as indole compounds) in their fermentation products when fermenting specific plant materials. This phenomenon suggests that the fermentation products of this strain have the potential to be developed into novel plant growth regulators. However, it is unknown whether the live bacteria can be directly applied to the soil, or whether the fermentation products can be directly applied to the soil. To study the effects of this strain's microbial fertilizer on crops and the possibility of its application in field cultivation, it is necessary to investigate the field cultivation and application scenarios of this microbial fertilizer in order to better develop its application and performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above, in order to study the effects of this strain of microbial fertilizer on crops and the possibility of its application in field cultivation, it is necessary to conduct research on the field cultivation and application scenarios of this microbial fertilizer in order to better develop its application and performance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.

[0006] A sugarcane-specific fertilizer suitable for sugarcane-peanut intercropping, characterized in that the sugarcane-specific fertilizer is composed of chemical fertilizer, GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer, and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer; the GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer is composed of non-lactose-degrading Streptococcus (Lactococcus non-lactose-degrading bacteria). streptococcus alactolyticusThe GX-7 peanut vine microbial fertilizer was prepared by fermentation of strain GX-2 with peanut shells; the GX-7 peanut vine microbial fertilizer was prepared by non-lactose-degrading streptococci ( streptococcus alactolyticus It was prepared by fermenting strain GX-7 with peanut vines.

[0007] The non-lactolytic streptococci ( streptococcus alactolyticus The classification name of strain GX-2 is: streptococcus alactolyticus The Chinese classification name is: Non-lactose-degrading streptococcus, the accession number is GDMCC NO: 65508, the depositary institution is: Guangdong Provincial Center for Microbial Culture Collection, the deposit address is: Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 5th Floor, Building 59, No. 100 Xianlie Middle Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, and the deposit date is: November 19, 2024.

[0008] The non-lactolytic streptococci ( streptococcus alactolyticus The classification name of strain GX-7 is: streptococcus alactolyticus The Chinese classification name is: Non-lactose-degrading streptococcus, the accession number is GDMCC NO: 65509, the depositary institution is: Guangdong Provincial Center for Microbial Culture Collection; the deposit address is: Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 5th Floor, Building 59, No. 100 Xianlie Middle Road, Guangzhou; the deposit date is: November 19, 2024.

[0009] Furthermore, the sugarcane-specific fertilizer is composed of chemical fertilizer, GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer in a mass ratio of (5-7):(1-3):(2-3).

[0010] Furthermore, the sugarcane-specific fertilizer is composed of chemical fertilizer, GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer in a mass ratio of 7:1:3.

[0011] Furthermore, the sugarcane-specific fertilizer is composed of chemical fertilizer, GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer in a mass ratio of 5:2:3.

[0012] Furthermore, the fertilizer contains 15% N, 15% P2O5 and 15% K2O.

[0013] The present invention also includes the application of the sugarcane-specific fertilizer in sugarcane planting.

[0014] Furthermore, the method for monoculture sugarcane planting is as follows: apply the sugarcane-specific fertilizer as top dressing for the first time after harvesting the ratoon sugarcane, and apply the sugarcane-specific fertilizer as top dressing again after 4 months; the amount of fertilizer applied for both times is 80 kg / mu.

[0015] The present invention also includes the application of the sugarcane-specific fertilizer in sugarcane-peanut intercropping. The method of sugarcane-peanut intercropping is as follows: before planting, apply 20 kg / mu of the sugarcane-specific fertilizer as base fertilizer. Two months after the sugarcane and peanut intercropping, apply the sugarcane-specific fertilizer once as a top dressing. After harvesting the peanuts, apply the sugarcane-specific fertilizer once more. The total amount of fertilizer applied for the two top dressings is 40 kg / mu.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The sugarcane-specific fertilizer of the present invention is prepared by mixing chemical fertilizer, GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer in a mass ratio of (5-7):(1-3):(2-3). The GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer in this bio-fertilizer are prepared by co-fermentation of non-lactose-degrading streptococci GX-2 and GX-7 with plants, which were screened by the research group. This microbial fertilizer can promote the growth of sugarcane plants in sugarcane pot experiments. However, it has no obvious effect on the growth and yield of sugarcane in field demonstration planting. While it has a significant promoting effect, it can also synergistically enhance the effect when used in combination with chemical fertilizers. Field experiments have shown that when microbial fertilizers are applied in combination with chemical fertilizers, under specific ratios (5-7):(1-3):(2-3), the yield stability of sugarcane monoculture can be significantly improved while reducing the amount of chemical fertilizers used. In addition, the use of this sugarcane-specific fertilizer as top dressing in sugarcane-peanut intercropping systems can also achieve the goal of increasing sugarcane yield. The entire fertilization process reduces the application of chemical fertilizers and effectively achieves the goal of "reducing fertilizer use and increasing efficiency". Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the seedling stage in a sugarcane-peanut intercropping experiment; in the diagram, A represents the conventional fertilization experimental group, and B represents the optimal experimental group with the best ratio of special fertilizer applied.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of peanut harvest during a sugarcane-peanut intercropping experiment; in the diagram, A represents the conventional fertilization experimental group, and B represents the optimal experimental group with the best ratio of special fertilizer applied.

[0019] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the growth of sugarcane four months after the peanuts were planted in a sugarcane-peanut intercropping experiment. In the diagram, A represents the optimal experimental group with the best ratio of special fertilizer applied, and B represents the experimental group with conventional fertilization.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a single-crop experiment on sugarcane; in the diagram, A represents the optimal experimental group with the best ratio of special fertilizer applied, and B represents the experimental group with conventional fertilization.

[0021] Biological preservation information.

[0022] The strain information deposited in this application is as follows:streptococcus alactolyticus GX-2, its classification name is: streptococcus alactolyticus The strain is classified and named as *Streptococcus non-lactolyticus*, with accession number GDMCC NO: 65508. It is deposited at the Guangdong Provincial Center for Microbial Culture Collection, located at the Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 5th Floor, Building 59, No. 100 Xianlie Middle Road, Guangzhou, on November 19, 2024.

[0023] The strain information deposited in this application is as follows: streptococcus alactolyticus GX-7, its classification name is: streptococcus alactolyticus The strain is classified and named as *Streptococcus non-lactolyticus*, with accession number GDMCC NO: 65509. It is deposited at the Guangdong Provincial Center for Microbial Culture Collection, located at the Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 5th Floor, Building 59, No. 100 Xianlie Middle Road, Guangzhou, on November 19, 2024. Detailed Implementation

[0024] All features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed herein, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0025] Unless otherwise stated, each feature disclosed in this specification is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] This embodiment studies non-lactolytic streptococci (… streptococcus alactolyticus The effects of fermentation products on sugarcane seedling growth.

[0028] Strains: Non-lactose-degrading Streptococcus ( streptococcus alactolyticus GX-2 and non-lactolytic streptococci ( streptococcus alactolyticus GX-7.

[0029] Fermentation substrate: Our main research focuses on the possibility of returning sugarcane leaves and peanut vines, two agricultural wastes, to the field in the sugarcane-peanut planting system. Therefore, we select fresh sugarcane leaves and peanut vines, crush them, and then inoculate the corresponding strains into the corresponding plant substrates at an inoculation rate of 5% of the substrate mass. Fermentation lasts for 60 days to obtain the corresponding microbial fertilizer.

[0030] After sugarcane tissue culture seedlings were hardened off in sandy soil until they grew to 5-7 leaves, seedlings with uniform growth were selected, and their leaves were trimmed before planting. The sugarcane seedlings were transplanted to the nursery, with 10 seedlings per group. The experimental group was cultured with a 1:5 (v / v) mixture of microbial fertilizer and fine river sand, while the control group was cultured with only fine river sand and no microbial fertilizer. After transplanting, the seedlings were managed according to conventional sugarcane seedling cultivation practices. Two months after planting, the results were collected, and the biomass (dry weight) and plant height of the sugarcane seedlings were recorded. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0031]

[0032] Note: Different lowercase letters in the table indicate significant differences in the data of the same column (p<0.05), and the same letters indicate no significant differences in the data of the same column (p>0.05). The same applies to the following table.

[0033] Table 1 shows that among the microbial fertilizers, only GX-7-sugarcane leaves and GX-7-peanut vines promoted sugarcane seedling biomass compared to the control group. The biomass of GX-2-sugarcane leaves and GX-2-peanut vines was not significantly different from that of the control group, and there was no statistically significant difference in biomass among the groups (p>0.05). In terms of plant height, except for GX-2-sugarcane leaves which were slightly shorter than the control group, the other three types of plants (GX-2-peanut vines, GX-7-sugarcane leaves, and GX-7-peanut vines) were slightly taller than the control group, but there was no statistically significant difference among the groups (p>0.05). Considering both biomass and plant height, we selected the fermentation products of GX-7-sugarcane leaves and GX-7-peanut vines as microbial fertilizers for sugarcane seedling growth for further research.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] Based on the experiment in Example 1, we found that GX-7-sugarcane leaf microbial fertilizer and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer can promote the growth of potted sugarcane seedlings to a certain extent. However, we do not know whether the microbial fertilizer has the same effect on field growth. When sugarcane grows in the field, due to the influence of the environment, we do not know whether the microbial fertilizer can definitely increase the yield of sugarcane. The details are as follows.

[0036] I. The effects of microbial fertilizers on sugarcane growth:

[0037] (1) Randomized block design, 3 replicates.

[0038] (2) Planting specifications: hill sowing, with a spacing of 0.55m between hills, 8 effective stems per hill, which is equivalent to 67,500 effective stems / hm. 2 .

[0039] (3) Variety: Guitang 44.

[0040] (4) Preparation method of microbial fertilizer: Select sugarcane leaves and peanut vines, crush them, and then inoculate the corresponding strains into the corresponding plant substrates at an inoculation amount of 5% of the substrate mass. Ferment for 60 days to obtain the corresponding microbial fertilizer.

[0041] Apply basal fertilizer before planting at a rate of 200 kg / mu. Sow in March 2022, cutting the seed stems into double-bud segments, disinfecting them, and then applying the fertilizer per 667 m². 2 Sow 7000 seedlings per plot, with a row spacing of 1.2 m, 4 rows per plot, and a plot area of ​​48 m². 2 Topdressing was applied in May 2022, and microbial fertilizer was also applied as topdressing. The amount of topdressing was 300 kg / mu. The newly planted sugarcane was harvested in February 2023. Among them, the experimental group was fertilized with GX-7 sugarcane leaf microbial fertilizer and GX-7 peanut vine microbial fertilizer as basal fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer respectively. The control group was not fertilized. At the time of harvest, the plant height, stem diameter and yield of sugarcane were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0042]

[0043] As shown in Table 2, among these microbial fertilizers, only GX-7-peanut vines promoted the plant height and yield of sugarcane in the field compared with the control group (CK), but the difference was not significant (p>0.05). Compared with the control group (CK), the plant height and yield of the GX-7-sugarcane leaf microbial fertilizer experimental group decreased, but the difference was not significant (p>0.05). This indicates that microbial fertilizers that can promote sugarcane growth in small-scale pot experiments may not maintain the same growth trend as those in nursery experiments in large-scale field experiments. This may be because the soil environment in the field is different from the single substrate of fine river sand in the nursery environment, and the strains and fermentation substrates of the microbial fertilizers are different, resulting in differences in pH value and carbon-nitrogen ratio of the fertilizers. When applied to the soil, the fertilizers are affected by the soil environment, thus affecting the growth balance of sugarcane. As a result, the growth of sugarcane in the field did not achieve the same effect as the pot experiment, and the promoting effect on sugarcane planting in the field is limited.

[0044] Furthermore, in our planting experiments, we found that sugarcane yield decreased significantly when planted in the field due to poor soil aeration (p<0.05). To increase soil aeration, we explored the resource utilization of peanut waste in the sugarcane-peanut intercropping system. We simultaneously added peanut shells as a supplementary base fertilizer for bio-organic fertilizer. To improve the microbial community characteristics, we considered using strains GX-2 and GX-7 to ferment peanut shells, hoping to develop a suitable peanut shell microbial fertilizer, as detailed below.

[0045] Preparation method of peanut shell microbial fertilizer: After crushing peanut shells, the corresponding strain is inoculated into the peanut shells at an inoculation rate of 5% of the substrate mass and fermented for 60 days. Referring to the above planting method, the peanut shell planting group without strain added for 60 days of fermentation was selected as control group 1, and the planting group without any fertilizer added was selected as control group 2. Base fertilizer was applied before planting at a rate of 200 kg / mu. Sowing was carried out in March 2022, and topdressing was carried out in May 2022, with microbial fertilizer also applied at a rate of 300 kg / mu. Newly planted sugarcane was harvested in February 2023, and the plant height, stem diameter and yield of sugarcane at the harvest period were measured. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0046]

[0047] As shown in Table 3, in terms of plant height, the experimental group of GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer > control group 2 > control group 1 > GX-7-peanut shell microbial fertilizer experimental group, and the differences among the experimental groups were not significant (p>0.05).

[0048] In terms of stem diameter, the experimental group of GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer > control group 2 > GX-7-peanut shell microbial fertilizer experimental group > control group 1, and the differences among the experimental groups were not significant (p>0.05).

[0049] In terms of yield, the experimental group of GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer > control group 2 > control group 1 > GX-7-peanut shell microbial fertilizer experimental group, and the differences among the experimental groups were not significant (p>0.05). From Tables 2 and 3, we know that although the microbial fertilizers obtained from fermentation by either GX-7 or GX-2 strains improved sugarcane growth and yield when directly applied to the soil, the differences were not statistically significant. Therefore, to further investigate the utilization effect of microbial fertilizers, we considered mixing them with chemical fertilizers to explore the possibility of using microbial fertilizers to replace a portion of the chemical fertilizers.

[0050] II. Research on the replacement of chemical fertilizers with microbial inoculants.

[0051] Based on the research results in Tables 2 and 3, we selected microbial fertilizers that did not differ significantly from the control group: GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer, GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer, and chemical fertilizer (containing 15% N, 15% P2O5, and 15% K2O). These were mixed according to the mass ratio in Table 4 to prepare corresponding special fertilizers. The corresponding special fertilizers were applied as top dressing to the first ratoon sugarcane harvested in February 2023 at a rate of 80 kg / mu. The corresponding special fertilizers were applied again as top dressing after 4 months. The first ratoon sugarcane was harvested in February 2024, and the sugarcane yield was investigated. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0052]

[0053] As shown in Table 4, under the same two topdressing amounts (80 kg / mu / time), the yield of the first-time ratoon sugarcane, from highest to lowest, was: Group 7 > Group 9 > Group 8 > Group 5 > Group 10 > Group 1 > Group 6 > Group 3 > Group 4 > Group 2 > Group 11. The experimental results show that sugarcane yield increased to varying degrees after fertilization, indicating that the addition of chemical fertilizer mixed with microbial fertilizer improved fertility. Specifically, the yields of Groups 7 and 9 were significantly higher than those of Group 11 (no fertilizer applied). While the yield of Group 10 (with pure fertilizer applied) was higher than that of Group 11 (without fertilizer applied), this difference was not statistically significant in the multi-group comparison of this experiment. This indicates that the combination of chemical fertilizer and microbial fertilizer has a synergistic effect, promoting the improvement of the fertilizer's effectiveness. Among the three fertilizer mixtures, only experimental groups 7 and 9 showed a significant increase in yield. The yields of the other experimental groups were not significantly different from those of experimental groups 11 and 10. Therefore, we selected the fertilizer ratio of experimental groups 7 and 9 as the sugarcane-specific fertilizer, that is, mixing chemical fertilizer, GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer, and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer in a mass ratio of 7:1-3:2-3. The optimal fertilizer ratio is experimental group 7, that is, the mass ratio of chemical fertilizer, GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer, and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer is 7:1:3. Under this ratio, microbial fertilizer can effectively supplement the fertility of chemical fertilizers, significantly improving sugarcane growth and yield stability while reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer applied. We compared the optimal fertilization method of experimental group 7 with that of experimental group 10, which only applied chemical fertilizers. Specifically... Figure 4 As shown in the figure, A is the experimental plot where the optimal fertilization method of experimental group 7 was applied, and B is the experimental plot of experimental group 10 where only chemical fertilizer was applied. It can be seen from the figure that the sugarcane growth in plot A is better than that in plot B, indicating that the above-mentioned optimal fertilization method can increase the yield of sugarcane monoculture.

[0054] Therefore, we conclude that the optimal fertilization method for the first planting of ratoon sugarcane in the field is as follows: apply sugarcane-specific fertilizer as topdressing at a rate of 80 kg / mu to the first ratoon sugarcane after harvesting in February 2023, and apply sugarcane-specific fertilizer again as topdressing 4 months later, with the same amount of fertilizer applied twice. The sugarcane-specific fertilizer is prepared by mixing chemical fertilizer, GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer, and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer in a mass ratio of 7:1-3:2-3. The optimal mass ratio of sugarcane-specific fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer, and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer is 7:1:3.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] This embodiment studies the effect of microbial fertilizer on the growth of sugarcane-peanut intercropping. The specific intercropping pattern has been disclosed in our previously published paper, "Study on Peanut Variety Screening and High-Efficiency Cultivation Pattern of Sugarcane + Peanut Intercropping". We planted according to the wide and narrow row intercropping pattern in the paper, as follows.

[0057] I. Effects of reduced fertilizer use on sugarcane intercropping with peanuts: In our previous study, we found that reduced fertilizer use during sugarcane and peanut intercropping promotes peanut growth. The specific experimental design is as follows.

[0058] (1) Randomized block design, 3 replicates.

[0059] (2) Planting pattern: Wide-row cluster sugarcane + peanut intercropping pattern. To suit mechanized production, the wide row spacing of sugarcane is set at 2.4 and 2.6 m, and the narrow row spacing is set at 1.2 and 1.3 m, that is, 2.4 m equal row spacing, 1.2 m + 2.4 m wide and narrow row spacing, and 1.3 m + 2.6 m wide and narrow row spacing. The hole spacing is 0.55 m, and each hole has 8 effective stems, which is equivalent to 67,500 effective stems / hm. 2 Four rows of peanuts are planted between wide rows of sugarcane, using the same ridge-raising, double-row, single-seed precision planting high-yield cultivation technique as monoculture. Peanuts are sown individually, with a plant spacing of 12.5cm, as detailed below. Figures 1 - 3 As shown.

[0060] (3) Varieties: The sugarcane variety is Guitang 44; the peanut variety is Guihua 376.

[0061] (4) Fertilizer treatment: Base fertilizer was applied before planting. After sowing in March 2022, sugarcane was top-fertilized once in May 2022. Five fertilizer application treatments were set up: F0 (no fertilizer), F1 (75% reduction, i.e., base fertilizer application of 10 kg / mu and top-fertilizer application of 20 kg / mu), F2 (50% reduction, i.e., base fertilizer application of 20 kg / mu and top-fertilizer application of 40 kg / mu), F3 (25% reduction, i.e., base fertilizer application of 30 kg / mu and top-fertilizer application of 60 kg / mu), and F4 (conventional application, i.e., base fertilizer application of 40 kg / mu and top-fertilizer application of 80 kg / mu). The sugarcane was harvested in February 2023. The plant height, stem diameter and yield of the harvested sugarcane were tested and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0062]

[0063] As shown in Table 5, the plant height of the F2-F4 treatments was significantly higher than that of the F0 treatment, and the yield of the F2 treatment was significantly higher than that of the F0 treatment. This indicates that the fertilizer requirement of sugarcane decreased after sugarcane-peanut intercropping. In sugarcane monoculture experiments, the commonly used fertilizer application rate is 40 kg / mu before planting and 80 kg / mu as a top dressing two months (May) after planting. However, after sugarcane-peanut intercropping, the optimal fertilizer application rate was found in the F2 treatment, i.e., 20 kg / mu before planting. The amount of fertilizer applied per mu (unit of land area) is 40 kg / mu. This indicates that the yield can be achieved with the conventional amount of fertilizer (F4). This shows that in sugarcane-peanut intercropping, due to the nitrogen-fixing effect of peanuts, the demand for fertilizer is reduced. Applying only 20 kg / mu of fertilizer before planting and then applying fertilizer to the sugarcane once in May two months after planting, with a fertilizer amount of 40 kg / mu, can achieve the highest yield. Applying more fertilizer would result in a waste of resources.

[0064] II. The effects of microbial inoculants on sugarcane-peanut intercropping.

[0065] In our sugarcane-peanut intercropping, we found that after peanut harvest, sugarcane has about a 7-month growing period. During this time, due to the loss of nitrogen fixation from peanuts, sugarcane yield will decrease significantly without topdressing (p<0.05). Currently, most topdressing is done with chemical fertilizers, but chemical fertilizers easily cause a series of adverse factors such as soil compaction. After discovering that microbial organic fertilizers fermented by strains GX-2 and GX-7 have a certain promoting effect on potted sugarcane seedlings, we considered using organic fertilizers fermented by the two strains in combination with chemical fertilizers to prepare topdressing during the intercropping period, reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer used during topdressing, in order to improve the soil and achieve the goal of reducing the amount of chemical fertilizers used.

[0066] This experiment used yield as the optimal indicator and considered the experimental group with a 50% reduction in chemical fertilizer to be the best sugarcane-peanut intercropping fertilization method. The experiment also investigated the possibility of replacing this fertilizer application with microbial fertilizer. The specific plan was as follows: 20 kg / mu of sugarcane-specific fertilizer was applied as base fertilizer before planting. In March 2025, sugarcane and peanuts were planted according to the above sugarcane-peanut intercropping scheme. Two months after planting (i.e., May 2025), sugarcane-specific fertilizer was applied once as top dressing at a rate of 40 kg / mu. After peanut harvest in July 2025, sugarcane-specific fertilizer was applied again at a rate of 40 kg / mu. The sugarcane-specific fertilizer used for top dressing and base fertilizer was prepared by mixing GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer, GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer, and chemical fertilizer according to the mass ratios shown in Table 6. After harvesting the sugarcane in February 2026, the sugarcane yield was measured, and the results are shown in Table 6.

[0067]

[0068] Table 6 shows that the yields from highest to lowest are: Group 5 > Group 4 > Group 6 > Group 1 > Group 10 > Group 7 > Group 2 > Group 8 > Group 9 > Group 3 > Group 11. This indicates that sugarcane yields can be increased after fertilization, but the effects vary. The yield of Group 5 is significantly higher than that of Group 11 (which did not receive any fertilizer) (p<0.05). Although the yields of the other groups are higher than the control group (Group 11), they are not statistically significant. This suggests that in the sugarcane-peanut intercropping model, the specific fertilizer ratio in Group 5 (i.e., chemical fertilizer: GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer: GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer in a mass ratio of 5:2:3) significantly improves sugarcane yield. Under this ratio, the fertilizers work synergistically.

[0069] In terms of fertilizer substitution efficiency, the yields of experimental groups 5, 4, 6, and 1 were higher than those of experimental group 10, indicating that under this ratio, the microbial fertilizer in the special fertilizer could replace part of the chemical fertilizer. However, the yields of experimental groups 7, 2, 8, 9, and 3 were lower than those of experimental group 10, indicating that the addition of microbial fertilizer did not effectively replace chemical fertilizer under these ratios. Therefore, considering all factors, we selected the ratio of experimental group 5 (i.e., chemical fertilizer: GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer: GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer in a mass ratio of 5:2:3) as the special fertilizer for sugarcane-peanut intercropping. Under this ratio, the microbial fertilizer can supplement chemical fertilizer, and with a small reduction in the amount of chemical fertilizer used, it can improve the growth and yield stability of sugarcane in the sugarcane-peanut intercropping environment.

[0070] Therefore, we concluded that the optimal fertilization method for sugarcane-peanut intercropping is as follows: Apply 20 kg / mu of sugarcane-specific fertilizer as base fertilizer before planting. In March 2025, plant sugarcane and peanuts according to the above intercropping scheme. Two months after planting (i.e., May 2025), apply sugarcane-specific fertilizer once at a rate of 40 kg / mu. After harvesting peanuts in July 2025, apply sugarcane-specific fertilizer again at a rate of 40 kg / mu. The sugarcane-specific fertilizer used for both topdressing and base fertilizer is prepared by mixing chemical fertilizer, GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer, and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer in a mass ratio of 5:2:3. We compared the optimal fertilization method of experimental group 5 with that of experimental group 10, which only applied chemical fertilizer. Specifically, as follows... Figures 1 - 3 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the seedling stage in a sugarcane-peanut intercropping experiment; Figure 1 In the diagram, A represents the experimental plot of group 10, which was only fertilized with chemical fertilizer, and B represents the experimental plot of group 5, which was fertilized with the optimal fertilization method. Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of peanut harvesting in a sugarcane-peanut intercropping experiment; in the diagram, A is the experimental plot of experimental group 10, which only applied chemical fertilizer, and B is the experimental plot of experimental group 5, which applied the optimal fertilization method. Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the growth of sugarcane four months after peanuts were planted in a sugarcane-peanut intercropping experiment. In the diagram, A represents the experimental plot where the optimal fertilization method (group 5) was applied, and B represents the experimental plot where only chemical fertilizer was applied (group 10). As can be seen from the diagram, whether at the seedling stage, peanut harvest time, or post-harvest, the sugarcane seedlings in the experimental plot where the optimal fertilization method (group 5) was applied showed significantly better growth than those in the experimental plot where only chemical fertilizer was applied. This confirms that using the aforementioned optimal fertilization method can increase the yield of sugarcane in the sugarcane-peanut intercropping system.

[0071] In summary, the microbial fertilizer of this application, when used alone in sugarcane cultivation experiments, cannot meet the requirements for promoting crop growth. However, when used in combination with chemical fertilizers, the microbial fertilizer can increase sugarcane yield, replace some chemical fertilizers, and effectively promote sugarcane plant growth and increase sugarcane yield.

[0072] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sugarcane-specific fertilizer suitable for sugarcane-peanut intercropping, characterized in that, The sugarcane-specific fertilizer consists of chemical fertilizer, GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer, and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer. The GX-2 peanut shell microbial fertilizer is produced by non-lactolytic streptococci (… streptococcus alactolyticus It was prepared by fermentation of strain GX-2 with peanut shells; The GX-7 peanut vine microbial fertilizer is produced by non-lactolytic streptococci (… streptococcus alactolyticus It was prepared by fermentation of strain GX-7 with peanut vines; The non-lactolytic streptococci ( streptococcus alactolyticus The accession number of strain GX-2 is GDMCCNO: 65508, the depositary institution is Guangdong Provincial Center for Microbial Culture Collection, the depositary address is: Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 5th Floor, Building 59, No. 100 Xianlie Middle Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, and the deposit date is November 19, 2024. The non-lactolytic streptococci ( streptococcus alactolyticus The accession number of strain GX-7 is GDMCCNO: 65509, the depositary institution is Guangdong Provincial Center for Microbial Culture Collection, the depositary address is: Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 5th Floor, Building 59, No. 100 Xianlie Middle Road, Guangzhou, and the deposit date is November 19, 2024.

2. The sugarcane-specific fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sugarcane-specific fertilizer is composed of chemical fertilizer, GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer in a mass ratio of (5-7):(1-3):(2-3).

3. The sugarcane-specific fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sugarcane-specific fertilizer is composed of chemical fertilizer, GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer in a mass ratio of 7:1:

3.

4. The sugarcane-specific fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sugarcane-specific fertilizer is composed of chemical fertilizer, GX-2-peanut shell microbial fertilizer and GX-7-peanut vine microbial fertilizer in a mass ratio of 5:2:

3.

5. The sugarcane-specific fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilizer contains 15% N, 15% P2O5 and 15% K2O.

6. The application of the sugarcane-specific fertilizer as described in claim 3 in sugarcane planting.

7. The application as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The method for planting sugarcane is as follows: apply the sugarcane-specific fertilizer as top dressing for the first time after harvesting the ratoon sugarcane, and apply the sugarcane-specific fertilizer as top dressing again after 4 months; the amount of fertilizer applied for both times is 80 kg / mu.

8. The application of the sugarcane-specific fertilizer as described in claim 4 in sugarcane-peanut intercropping, characterized in that, The method for intercropping sugarcane and peanuts is as follows: Before planting, apply 20 kg / mu of the sugarcane-specific fertilizer as base fertilizer. Two months after the intercropping of sugarcane and peanuts, apply the sugarcane-specific fertilizer once as top dressing. After harvesting peanuts, apply the sugarcane-specific fertilizer once more. The total amount of fertilizer applied for the two top dressings is 40 kg / mu.

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