A continuously operating multi-stage adiabatic magnetic refrigeration system at very low temperature

By combining a multi-stage adiabatic demagnetizing refrigerator with a temperature control unit, and utilizing the low-temperature working fluid gas-liquid phase change and a graded thermal connection structure, the problems of continuous cooling and temperature stability of the adiabatic demagnetizing refrigerator in the extremely low temperature region are solved, achieving efficient cold energy transfer and stable operation.

CN122345281APending Publication Date: 2026-07-07BEIJING INST OF TECH
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
BEIJING INST OF TECH
Filing Date
2026-06-01
Publication Date
2026-07-07

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing adiabatic demagnetizing refrigerators cannot achieve continuous cooling in extremely low temperature regions. The cold end temperature fluctuates greatly, and additional heating leads to severe loss of cooling capacity and complicated control.

Method used

A multi-stage adiabatic demagnetizing refrigerator is adopted, which combines a thermal switch, a cold energy transfer structure, a temperature control unit, a buffer chamber and a connecting pipe. It achieves continuous cooling output through the gas-liquid phase change of the low-temperature working fluid, and improves heat exchange efficiency through fins and capillary structures. A graded thermal connection structure is set to reduce heat leakage.

Benefits of technology

It achieves continuous cooling output below 30 mK, with good cold end temperature stability, efficient cold energy transfer, reduced additional heating losses, and improved system operational stability.

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Abstract

The application discloses a continuously-operated multistage extremely-low-temperature adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration system, which comprises multistage adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators, a cold quantity transmission structure, a temperature control unit, a buffer cavity, a staged heat connection structure and a heat sink. The multistage adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators are arranged between the heat sink and the temperature control unit, and the refrigeration paths of the multistage adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators are formed by the on-off of the heat switches to realize step-by-step temperature reduction. The cold quantity transmission structure transmits the cold quantity generated by the multistage adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators to the temperature control unit. The temperature control unit is encapsulated with a low-temperature working medium, and the low-temperature working medium is phase-changed in the temperature control unit to realize cold quantity buffering and continuous refrigeration output through the latent heat of phase change. The buffer cavity is communicated with the temperature control unit and is used for buffering the gas-phase pressure fluctuation of the low-temperature working medium. The staged heat connection structure is connected with the communicating pipe through a heat exchanger to form a heat exchange connection, so that the heat conduction and heat leakage of the communicating pipe from the high-temperature side to the temperature control unit are reduced. The application can obtain a lower refrigeration temperature through the multistage adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators, and can convert the intermittent cold quantity in the adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration process into a continuous and stable cold quantity output through the temperature control unit. The application has the advantages of low refrigeration temperature, continuous operation, good temperature control stability and small parasitic heat leakage.
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