Gradient temperature control system for deep-sea non-armoured photoelectric cable based on DTS monitoring

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of deep-sea equipment technology, specifically a gradient temperature control system for unarmored deep-sea optical cables based on DTS monitoring. The system includes a distributed temperature monitoring module, a closed-loop spray module, and a cooling control module. Under low-risk, slow temperature rise conditions, a low-power, energy-saving cooling mode is employed, using a basic penetrating spray unit synchronized with a humidity sensor. Under medium-risk, uniform temperature rise conditions, a medium-efficiency, balanced cooling mode is used, improving heat exchange efficiency through continuous spraying by locally enhanced spray units and dynamic flow regulation. Under extreme gradient risk conditions, i.e., high-risk, rapid temperature rise, a high-efficiency emergency cooling mode is employed, using a comprehensive, coordinated spray unit for continuous high-pressure spraying and emergency linkage with supporting facilities to suppress high temperatures quickly and simultaneously trigger a fault alarm module. This invention achieves adaptive cooling of non-metallic armored optical cables by real-time monitoring of the cable's three-dimensional temperature field and intelligently switching cooling strategies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep-sea equipment technology, and more particularly to a gradient temperature control system for unarmored optical cables in deep sea based on DTS monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] Ocean resources, including oil, natural gas, wind power, and tidal energy, are abundant, making them a focal point of global energy strategic competition and a key support for sustainable development in modern society. With rapid societal development, oil and natural gas resources are becoming increasingly scarce, while ocean energy resources are becoming increasingly abundant. Therefore, the development of ocean energy has become a global focus. In ocean energy development, non-metallic armored optical cables, as an important component, play a crucial role in ocean temperature, salinity, and depth detection, real-time image transmission, and the placement of ocean exploration equipment.

[0003] Non-metallic armored optical cables, especially those using high-strength synthetic fibers as the armor layer, have become ideal for deep-sea winches and polar scientific research equipment operations due to their high tensile strength, good corrosion resistance, light weight, and excellent insulation and non-magnetic properties. However, compared to metals, synthetic fiber materials have a significantly lower thermal conductivity, making it difficult to efficiently dissipate Joule heat and ambient heat generated during cable operation. When optical cables are tightly wound and stacked in multiple layers on the winch drum, the interlayer contact pressure increases, exacerbating the frictional heat generation effect; simultaneously, the stacked structure itself forms a complex insulation layer, further hindering heat diffusion to the external environment. This continuous accumulation of heat between multiple cable layers has become one of the key bottleneck problems in the application of non-metallic armored optical cables in winch systems.

[0004] Abnormal increases in cable temperature directly accelerate the deterioration of material properties. For example, polymer materials such as the polyurethane outer sheath and polypropylene insulation layer that make up the cable will soften and age under sustained high temperatures, leading to a decrease in mechanical strength and insulation performance, and significantly shortening the cable's service life. Simultaneously, temperature changes can cause additional attenuation and micro-strain in optical fibers, resulting in decreased stability of optical communication and accuracy of sensor data. Under extreme conditions, localized overheating may even induce insulation breakdown or permanent damage to the cable structure, posing a significant safety hazard of operational interruption or even equipment loss. Currently, existing engineering practices generally lack systematic and intelligent solutions for the dynamic thermal management of non-metallic armored cables in deep-sea scientific research. The mainstream approach remains at two relatively rudimentary stages: one is to use simple global spraying, i.e., indiscriminately and with a high flow rate, spraying the entire cable and winch drum through fixed water pipes or nozzles. While this method can temporarily lower the temperature, it suffers from low cooling efficiency, huge freshwater consumption, and a high risk of electrical short circuits and deck corrosion, making it unsustainable in deep-sea and polar operations where freshwater replenishment is difficult. Secondly, relying entirely on passive natural heat dissipation, with the cable slowly cooling during operational breaks, not only fails to cope with heat accumulation under continuous high-power loads but also accelerates material aging due to repeated thermal cycling, posing significant safety hazards. More critically, existing technologies generally lack the ability to monitor the internal and surface temperature fields of the cable in real time, failing to identify the formation and development of localized hotspots. Consequently, all cooling actions are characterized by blindness and lag. Furthermore, existing technologies generally lack the ability to monitor the internal and surface temperature fields of the cable in real time, failing to identify localized hotspots, and exhibiting significant shortcomings in intelligent, graded cooling control based on temperature data.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for an efficient, precise and adaptive cooling system to address the heat accumulation effect caused by high-power transmission and poor heat dissipation in non-metallic armored cables, ensuring the safety and reliability of ultra-long cables in deep-sea towing, ROV operations and polar environments. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a gradient temperature control system for deep-sea unarmored optical cables based on DTS monitoring. This invention achieves efficient, precise, and adaptive cooling of the non-metallic armored optical cables caused by high-power transmission and poor heat dissipation due to stacking by real-time monitoring of the cable's three-dimensional temperature field and intelligently switching between three spray modes: steady-state dispersion strategy, targeted focused cooling strategy, and global synergistic cooling strategy. This ensures the safety and reliability of ultra-long cables during deep-sea towing, ROV operations, and polar environments.

[0007] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows:

[0008] A gradient temperature control system for deep-sea unarmored optical cables based on DTS monitoring includes: a distributed temperature monitoring module, a closed-loop spray module, and a cooling control module, wherein: The distributed temperature monitoring module consists of a sensing optical fiber embedded inside the optical cable and a DTS demodulator. The distributed temperature monitoring module is used to achieve continuous temperature sensing of the cable body during the winch winding process and to cover the key areas of the cable body stacking.

[0009] The closed-loop spray module is used to spray the optical cable to achieve a cooling effect, and the coolant is recovered and filtered to realize the recycling of the coolant.

[0010] Under low-risk, slow-temperature-rise conditions, the cooling control module employs a low-power, energy-saving cooling mode, utilizing a basic infiltration spray unit and synchronously linked with a humidity sensor. Under medium-risk, uniform-rate-rise conditions, a medium-efficiency, balanced cooling mode is adopted, using localized enhanced spray units for continuous spraying and dynamic flow regulation to improve heat exchange efficiency. Under extreme gradient-risk conditions, i.e., high-risk, rapid-temperature-rise conditions, a high-efficiency emergency cooling mode is employed, using a comprehensive, coordinated spray unit for continuous high-pressure spraying and emergency linkage with supporting facilities to suppress high temperatures within a short period, simultaneously triggering a fault alarm module.

[0011] Furthermore, the sensing fiber extends along the axial direction of the non-metallic armored optical cable and is integrated inside the cable body. The DTS demodulator is used to emit and receive laser light into the sensing fiber, and analyze the generated backscattered light to obtain continuous temperature distribution data of the entire cable body along its length.

[0012] Furthermore, the closed-loop spray module includes a multi-stage adjustable spray unit, a recovery and diversion unit, a filtration unit, a circulation power unit, and a water storage unit.

[0013] The multi-stage adjustable spray module is used to spray the optical cable to achieve a cooling effect.

[0014] The recovery and diversion unit is located below the winch drum and is designed in the shape of a funnel. It is used to collect the coolant flowing down from the cable stack and the drum and to transport the collected coolant to the filtration unit.

[0015] The filtration unit includes a coarse filter and a filter to ensure smooth operation of the circulation system.

[0016] The circulating power unit uses a corrosion-resistant centrifugal pump to pressurize and deliver cold water from the water tank to the nozzle array, providing power for the closed-loop spray module.

[0017] The water storage unit is used to store the treated and cooled coolant, serving as a buffer and water supply unit.

[0018] Furthermore, the cooling control module includes: a basic infiltration spray unit, a localized enhanced spray unit, and a global coordinated spray unit, wherein: The basic permeation spray unit is laid on a porous permeation layer perpendicular to the cable bearing surface, and is used to uniformly permeate the cooling medium onto the cable surface under low heat load.

[0019] The localized enhanced spraying unit includes an atomizing nozzle that can be independently addressed and controlled. The atomizing nozzle is arranged above the winch drum and is used to perform directional and concentrated spraying on the identified localized high-temperature areas.

[0020] The full-area coordinated spray unit includes multiple wide-angle jet nozzles arranged circumferentially around the winch drum, used for high-flow-rate, full-coverage spray cooling of the cable stack under high heat load.

[0021] Furthermore, the closed-loop spray module is connected to the cooling control module via a rotating connector, which can rotate 360° in all directions to ensure stable installation and full-range control of the cooling control system.

[0022] Furthermore, the control strategies of the cooling control module include: a steady-state dispersion strategy, a targeted focusing cooling strategy, and a global collaborative cooling strategy, wherein: The steady-state dispersion strategy responds to the low-power energy-saving cooling mode adopted under low-risk, slow temperature rise conditions. The cooling control module activates the porous permeable layer perpendicular to the cable bearing surface, sets an initial flow rate, and dynamically adjusts the coolant flow rate according to temperature gradient changes. If real-time monitoring shows that the temperature fluctuation exceeds the threshold range, the flow rate is increased. If it is within the range, the current flow rate is maintained.

[0023] The targeted cooling strategy responds to the medium-efficiency balanced cooling mode used under medium-risk uniform temperature rise conditions, driving high-pressure atomizing nozzles to spray directionally to the overheated area, and periodically assessing the temperature drop rate: if the temperature drop does not meet the target, the flow rate is increased; if the temperature drop meets the target, the current flow rate is maintained.

[0024] The comprehensive coordinated cooling strategy responds to extreme gradient risk conditions, i.e., high-risk and drastic temperature rises, employing a high-efficiency emergency cooling mode. Multiple wide-angle jet nozzles arranged circumferentially on the winch drum spray coolant, while simultaneously sending load reduction or speed reduction requests to the winch main control system via the system communication bus. If the over-temperature condition is not effectively contained within a preset time window, the highest-level alarm is triggered and an emergency shutdown procedure is executed.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The gradient temperature control system for deep-sea unarmored optical cables based on DTS monitoring provided by this invention significantly improves the thermal safety and reliability of optical cables in deep-sea scientific research operations through the deep integration of dynamic three-dimensional temperature field sensing and multi-mode gradient cooling strategies.

[0026] This invention employs a distributed fiber optic temperature measurement system to construct a continuous temperature sensing network for the cable body, achieving high-precision monitoring of the temperature field on the surface and inside of the cable stack. Compared with traditional single-point temperature measurement technology, this significantly improves the monitoring dimensions and spatial resolution. For different heat load conditions, the system achieves precise, efficient cooling and environmental protection through integrated multi-modal composite nozzles and circulating spray circuits: Under low heat load conditions, the system activates a steady-state dispersion mode, forming a uniformly dispersed penetration field through the annular slit nozzles of the nozzles to continuously cool the cable body; when a local overheated area is detected, the system immediately switches to a targeted focusing mode, driving the atomizing nozzles of the nozzles to perform directional and concentrated atomized spraying on the hot spot, achieving rapid and precise thermal intervention; when facing overall temperature rise runaway or extreme thermal risks, the system upgrades to a full-domain collaborative emergency mode, simultaneously activating the wide-angle jet function of the nozzles and performing high-flow suppressive cooling, while requesting the winch to slow down through the system linkage interface, reducing heat load generation at the source.

[0027] This invention's system, through the synergistic effect of three-dimensional temperature sensing, closed-loop spraying, and a three-level adaptive control strategy, fundamentally avoids material degradation, transmission performance decline, and potential breakage risks in non-metallic armored optical cables caused by overheating. This solution not only significantly improves equipment safety and data reliability in deep-sea scientific research operations, but its efficient resource utilization mode also significantly reduces operation and maintenance costs, providing a highly reliable and intelligent thermal management solution for the long-term stable operation of full-ocean-depth optical cables. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the gradient temperature control system architecture for deep-sea unarmored optical cables based on DTS monitoring in this invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gradient temperature control device for deep-sea unarmored optical cables in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the multimodal composite nozzle device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Power transmission device; 2. Rotary connector; 3. Multimodal composite nozzle; 4. Water storage device; 5. Filtration device; 6. Coolant recovery device; 7. Flexible backflow hood; 8. DTS thermometer; 9. Sensing circuit and coolant delivery channel; 10. Unarmored optical cable; 11. Porous inlet; 12. High-pressure atomizing nozzle; 13. Porous layer. Detailed Implementation

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0036] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0037] likeFigure 1 As shown, this invention provides a gradient temperature control system for deep-sea unarmored optical cables based on DTS monitoring, comprising: a distributed temperature monitoring module, a closed-loop spray module, and a cooling control module. The distributed temperature monitoring module consists of a sensing fiber embedded within the optical cable and a DTS demodulator. This module continuously senses the temperature of the cable during its winding process, covering key areas of the cable stack. Precise temperature measurement and gradient temperature measurement are achieved by connecting the sensing fiber inside the optical cable to the distributed temperature sensor. Recording and display devices are also provided to record the temperature of the optical cable at different lengths and times in real time.

[0038] The closed-loop spray module is used to spray optical cables to achieve a cooling effect, and the coolant is recovered and filtered to realize the recycling of coolant.

[0039] Under low-risk, slow-temperature-rise conditions, the cooling control module employs a low-power, energy-saving cooling mode, utilizing a basic infiltration spray unit in tandem with a humidity sensor. Under medium-risk, uniform-rate-rise conditions, a medium-efficiency, balanced cooling mode is adopted, using localized enhanced spray units for continuous spraying and dynamic flow regulation to improve heat exchange efficiency. Under extreme gradient-risk conditions, i.e., high-risk, rapid-temperature-rise conditions, a high-efficiency emergency cooling mode is employed, using a comprehensive, coordinated spray unit for continuous high-pressure spraying and emergency linkage with supporting facilities to suppress high temperatures within a short period, simultaneously triggering a fault alarm module.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the sensing fiber extends along the axial direction of the non-metallic armored optical cable and is integrated inside the cable body. A DTS demodulator is used to emit and receive laser light into the sensing fiber, analyzing the generated backscattered light to obtain continuous temperature distribution data along the length of the entire cable.

[0041] In a specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the closed-loop spray module includes a multi-stage adjustable spray unit, a recovery and diversion unit, a filtration unit, a circulation power unit, and a water storage unit.

[0042] Multi-stage adjustable spray modules are used to spray optical cables to achieve a cooling effect.

[0043] The recovery and diversion unit is located below the winch drum and is designed in a funnel shape to collect the coolant flowing down from the cable stack and the drum, and then deliver the collected coolant to the filtration unit.

[0044] The filtration unit includes a coarse filter and a filter to ensure smooth operation of the circulation system.

[0045] The circulating power unit uses a corrosion-resistant centrifugal pump to pressurize and deliver cold water from the water tank to the nozzle array, providing power for the closed-loop spray module.

[0046] The water storage unit is used to store the treated and cooled coolant, serving as a buffer and water supply.

[0047] In a specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cooling control module includes: a basic infiltration spray unit, a localized enhanced spray unit, and a global coordinated spray unit, wherein: The basic permeation spray unit is laid on a porous permeation layer perpendicular to the cable bearing surface, and is used to uniformly permeate the cooling medium onto the cable surface under low heat load.

[0048] The localized enhanced spraying unit includes atomizing nozzles that can be independently addressed and controlled. The atomizing nozzles are arranged above the winch drum and are used to perform directional and concentrated spraying on the identified localized high-temperature areas.

[0049] The full-area coordinated spray unit includes multiple wide-angle jet nozzles arranged circumferentially around the winch drum, used for high-flow-rate, full-coverage spray cooling of the cable stack under high heat load.

[0050] In a specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the closed-loop spray module and the cooling control module are connected by a rotating connector. The rotating connector can achieve 360° omnidirectional rotation to ensure stable installation and full-range control of the cooling control system.

[0051] In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control strategy of the cooling control module includes: a steady-state dispersion strategy, a targeted focusing cooling strategy, and a global collaborative cooling strategy, wherein: when the temperature gradient threshold ΔT < 10℃ / m, the steady-state dispersion strategy is adopted; when the temperature gradient threshold 10℃ / m < ΔT ≤ 20℃ / m, the targeted focusing cooling strategy is adopted; and when the temperature gradient threshold ΔT ≥ 20℃ / m, the global collaborative cooling strategy is adopted.

[0052] The steady-state dispersion strategy responds to the low-power, energy-saving cooling mode employed under low-risk, slow-temperature-rise conditions. The cooling control module activates a porous permeation layer perpendicular to the cable's bearing surface. The temperature distribution at the contact surface between the optical and electrical cables is relatively uniform, and a temperature rise has not yet occurred; only basic lubrication and thermal balance need to be maintained. An initial flow rate is set, and the coolant flow rate is dynamically adjusted according to the temperature gradient. If real-time monitoring shows that temperature fluctuations exceed a threshold range, the flow rate is increased. If it remains within the threshold range, the current flow rate is maintained.

[0053] The targeted cooling strategy responds to the medium-efficiency balanced cooling mode used under moderate-risk, uniform temperature rise conditions. When a significant rise in the internal temperature of the optical cable is detected, indicating a risk of localized overheating, the high-pressure atomizing nozzle is driven to spray directionally onto the overheated area when the temperature at a single point on the optical cable reaches a set value. The temperature drop rate is periodically assessed: if the temperature drop is insufficient, the flow rate is increased; if the temperature drop is sufficient, the current flow rate is maintained.

[0054] The global coordinated cooling strategy responds to extreme gradient risk conditions, i.e., high-risk, rapid temperature rises, employing a highly efficient emergency cooling mode. When the temperature gradient increases sharply, posing a risk of fiber optic cable insulation breakdown or structural failure, multiple wide-angle jet nozzles arranged circumferentially on the winch drum spray coolant, while simultaneously sending load reduction or speed reduction requests to the winch main control system via the system communication bus. If the over-temperature condition is not effectively contained within a preset time window, the highest-level alarm is triggered, and an emergency shutdown procedure is executed.

[0055] Example like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a gradient temperature control device for unarmored deep-sea optical cables, including: a power transmission device 1, a sensing circuit and coolant delivery channel 9, a rotating connector 2, a multi-mode composite nozzle 3, an unarmored optical cable 10, a DTS thermometer 8, a water storage device 4, a filter device 5, a coolant recovery device 6, and a flexible backflow shield 7. The nozzles used in the cooling device of this application can also be selected from other brands or models of coolant nozzles with high-pressure atomization or wide-angle spraying functions.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, the multimodal spray head consists of a porous infiltration port 11 and a high-pressure atomizing nozzle 12. An innovative porous layer 13 is integrated on the upper part of a non-metallic armored optical cable, dynamically adjusting the flow rate according to real-time heat flux density to ensure temperature fluctuations do not exceed ±3℃.

[0057] In practical operation, based on the real-time monitoring data of the DTS distributed fiber optic temperature sensor, dynamic thermal management of the optical cable winch system is achieved through a multi-level response strategy. The specific process is as follows: After the system starts up, it first enters the DTS distributed fiber optic temperature monitoring stage, which continuously senses the temperature of the optical cable body in the winch stacking and winding state, and obtains the axial temperature gradient in real time. data.

[0058] When an axial temperature gradient is detected When the system triggers steady-state dispersion mode: the multi-modal composite nozzle is activated, and the initial flow rate is adjusted via PID control; if real-time monitoring shows temperature fluctuations ≤ ±3℃, the current flow rate is maintained; if a temperature rise trend is detected, the flow rate is increased, and after adjustment, temperature data is output and historical data is stored. If the temperature reaches ≥10℃ / m multiple times consecutively, switch to targeted focused cooling mode.

[0059] When the temperature gradient satisfies At this time, the system switches to targeted focusing cooling mode: the high-pressure atomizing nozzle is activated to spray directionally onto the overheated area of ​​the optical cable, and the initial spray flow rate is adjusted according to the preset value; the system continuously evaluates the temperature drop effect, and if the temperature drop is <3℃, the flow rate is increased; if the temperature drop meets the target, the current flow rate is maintained. If the temperature remains below 8℃ / m for 10 minutes, switch back to steady-state dispersion mode; if Growth rate > 5℃ / Then switch to global collaborative cooling.

[0060] If the temperature gradient further increases to ≥20℃ / m, the system activates full-area coordinated cooling: wide-angle jet nozzles are opened, and coolant is sprayed at the set flow rate, while simultaneously sending a speed reduction command to the winch control system via the bus; the system initiates a 30-second countdown safety mechanism; if the target area temperature does not reach the standard within the time limit, a level two alarm is triggered; if the over-temperature condition persists for 15 seconds or more, power is forcibly cut off and emergency braking is initiated. If the temperature remains below 25℃ / m for 60 seconds, switch back to the targeted focused cooling mode.

[0061] During the process, if the system detects data anomalies (such as a temperature difference greater than 15%), it will perform data anomaly processing and report an error. When monitoring data is lost, it will issue a warning to the control system to ensure control accuracy. At the same time, the system stores all operational data such as temperature gradient distribution and coolant consumption, providing data support for subsequent fault diagnosis and strategy optimization.

[0062] This workflow combines multi-mode intelligent switching with DTS distributed temperature monitoring to achieve full-range control from normal temperature control to emergency intervention, which can significantly improve the operational reliability and energy efficiency of the optical cable winch system under extreme deep-sea conditions.

[0063] In summary, this application constructs an intelligent system for temperature monitoring and gradient cooling of optical cable winch systems: it acquires real-time temperature gradient data of the cable body using a DTS distributed optical fiber thermometer, and then... The system automatically switches between three modes: steady-state dispersion, targeted focused cooling, and global collaborative cooling, to adapt to different temperature rise conditions. It also features data anomaly alarm and operation data storage functions, providing support for fault diagnosis and strategy optimization, ultimately achieving safe and efficient operation of optical cables in deep-sea conditions.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gradient temperature control system for deep-sea unarmored optical cables based on DTS monitoring, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a distributed temperature monitoring module, a closed-loop spray module, and a cooling control module, wherein: The distributed temperature monitoring module consists of a sensing optical fiber embedded inside the optical cable and a DTS demodulator. The distributed temperature monitoring module is used to achieve continuous temperature sensing of the cable body during the winch winding process and to cover the key areas of the cable body stacking. The closed-loop spray module is used to spray the optical cable to achieve a cooling effect, and to recover and filter the coolant to realize the recycling of the coolant. Under low-risk, slow temperature rise conditions, the cooling control module employs a low-power, energy-saving cooling mode, using a basic infiltration spray unit and a humidity sensor in sync. Under medium-risk, uniform temperature rise conditions, it adopts a medium-efficiency, balanced cooling mode, using a localized, enhanced spray unit for continuous spraying and dynamic flow regulation to improve heat exchange efficiency. Under extreme gradient risk conditions, i.e., high-risk, drastic temperature rises, it employs a high-efficiency emergency cooling mode, using a comprehensive, coordinated spray unit for continuous high-pressure spraying and emergency linkage with supporting facilities to suppress high temperatures in a short time and simultaneously trigger a fault alarm module.

2. The gradient temperature control system for deep-sea unarmored optical cables based on DTS monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing fiber extends along the axial direction of the non-metallic armored optical cable and is integrated inside the cable body; the DTS demodulator is used to emit laser light into the sensing fiber and receive and analyze the generated backscattered light to obtain continuous temperature distribution data of the entire cable body along its length.

3. The gradient temperature control system for deep-sea unarmored optical cables based on DTS monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The closed-loop spray module includes a multi-stage adjustable spray unit, a recovery and diversion unit, a filtration unit, a circulation power unit, and a water storage unit; The multi-stage adjustable spray module is used to spray the optical cable to achieve a cooling effect. The recovery and diversion unit is located below the winch drum and is designed in the shape of a funnel. It is used to collect the coolant flowing down from the cable stack and the drum, and to transport the collected coolant to the filtration unit. The filtration unit includes a coarse filter and a filter to ensure smooth operation of the circulation system; The circulating power unit uses a corrosion-resistant centrifugal pump to pressurize and deliver cold water in the water tank to the nozzle array, providing power for the closed-loop spray module. The water storage unit is used to store the treated and cooled coolant, serving as a buffer and water supply unit.

4. The gradient temperature control system for deep-sea unarmored optical cables based on DTS monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling control module includes: a basic infiltration spray unit, a localized enhanced spray unit, and a global coordinated spray unit, wherein: The basic permeation spray unit is laid on a porous permeation layer perpendicular to the cable bearing surface, and is used to uniformly permeate the cooling medium to the cable surface under low heat load. The localized enhanced spraying unit includes an atomizing nozzle that can be independently addressed and controlled. The atomizing nozzle is arranged above the winch drum and is used to perform directional and concentrated spraying on the identified localized high-temperature areas. The full-area coordinated spray unit includes multiple wide-angle jet nozzles arranged circumferentially around the winch drum, used for high-flow-rate, full-coverage spray cooling of the cable stack under high heat load.

5. The gradient temperature control system for deep-sea unarmored optical cables based on DTS monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The closed-loop spray module is connected to the cooling control module via a rotating connector. The rotating connector can rotate 360° in all directions to ensure stable installation and full-range control of the cooling control system.

6. The gradient temperature control system for deep-sea unarmored optical cables based on DTS monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control strategies of the cooling control module include: steady-state dispersion strategy, targeted focusing cooling strategy, and global collaborative cooling strategy, wherein: The steady-state dispersion strategy responds to the low-power energy-saving cooling mode adopted under low-risk slow temperature rise conditions. The cooling control module opens the porous permeation layer perpendicular to the cable bearing surface, sets the initial flow rate, and dynamically adjusts the coolant flow rate according to the temperature gradient. If the real-time monitoring shows that the temperature fluctuation exceeds the threshold range, the flow rate is increased; if it is within the range, the current flow rate is maintained. The targeted cooling strategy responds to the medium-efficiency balanced cooling mode adopted under medium-risk uniform temperature rise conditions, drives the high-pressure atomizing nozzle to spray directionally to the overheated area, and periodically evaluates the temperature drop rate: if the temperature drop does not meet the standard, the flow rate is increased; if the temperature drop meets the standard, the current flow rate is maintained. The global collaborative cooling strategy responds to extreme gradient risk conditions, i.e., when there is a high risk of drastic temperature rise, and adopts a high-efficiency emergency cooling mode. Multiple wide-angle jet nozzles arranged circumferentially on the winch drum spray coolant, and at the same time, send a load reduction or speed reduction request to the winch main control system through the system communication bus. If the over-temperature state is not effectively contained within the preset time window, the highest level alarm is triggered and an emergency shutdown procedure is executed.

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