Carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption integrated device

Abstract

This invention provides an integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device, belonging to the field of carbon capture technology, including a capture tank and a photothermal desorption assembly. The capture tank has a light-transmitting area and an exhaust channel at the top, and an inlet pipe at the bottom for introducing industrial exhaust gas into an alkanolamine solution. The photothermal desorption assembly is suspended in the alkanolamine solution by its own buoyancy, and has a photothermal layer exposed above the surface of the alkanolamine solution and a capillary conveyor immersed below the surface of the alkanolamine solution. The alkanolamine solution is used to adsorb carbon dioxide from the industrial exhaust gas, and the photothermal layer is used to heat the rich liquid conveyed by the capillary conveyor to desorb carbon dioxide. A light-transmitting cover is provided above the photothermal layer for collecting and discharging carbon dioxide, and a reflux channel is provided in the center of the capillary conveyor for downward reflux of the lean liquid. The integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device provided by this invention can reduce the implementation cost and energy consumption of carbon capture using alkanolamine solution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of carbon capture technology, specifically relating to an integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device. Background Technology

[0002] Steel, cement, and chemical industries are major carbon emitters, producing exhaust gases containing large amounts of carbon dioxide during their production processes. Carbon capture technology can utilize this carbon dioxide, which would otherwise be considered waste gas, significantly reducing carbon emissions. Utilizing amine solutions for industrial exhaust carbon capture is a current major development direction for industrial enterprises. The core process involves three main stages: absorption, desorption, and recycling. After the industrial exhaust gas enters the absorption tower, the amine solution adsorbs carbon dioxide to form a rich solution. This rich solution then enters a regeneration tower where it is heated to desorb carbon dioxide. The desorbed lean solution is then returned to the absorption tower for recycling. However, because amine solution carbon capture systems require at least one absorption tower and at least one regeneration tower, the construction investment and land area required are enormous, placing a heavy cost burden on many enterprises. Furthermore, the heat energy required for the desorption process results in significant energy consumption, leading to poor economic benefits for carbon dioxide resource utilization. This hinders the widespread application of amine solution carbon capture technology in small and medium-sized industrial enterprises. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides an integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device, which aims to reduce the implementation cost and energy consumption of carbon capture using amine solutions.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide an integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device, comprising: The collection tank contains an alcohol amine solution. The top of the tank wall has a light-transmitting area and an exhaust channel, and the bottom has an air inlet pipe for introducing industrial exhaust gas into the alcohol amine solution. The photothermal desorption assembly is suspended in an alkanolamine solution by its own buoyancy. It has a photothermal layer that is exposed above the surface of the alkanolamine solution. Below the photothermal layer is a capillary conveyor that is immersed below the surface of the alkanolamine solution. The capillary conveyor is used to convey the alkanolamine solution to the photothermal layer. The amine solution is used to adsorb carbon dioxide from industrial exhaust gas to form a rich solution. The photothermal layer is used to heat the rich solution transported by the capillary conveyor so that the rich solution desorbs carbon dioxide to form a lean solution. A light-transmitting cover is provided above the photothermal layer to collect and discharge carbon dioxide. A return channel for the lean solution to flow back downward is provided in the center of the capillary conveyor.

[0005] In one possible implementation, the photothermal desorption component includes: The float, acting as a capillary transporter, floats on the surface of the amine solution. The interior of the float is densely covered with capillary channels, and the upper surface of the float is provided with a photothermal layer. A spacer sleeve is fitted around the outer periphery of the float and extends downward to the bottom of the intake pipe; The return pipe is installed in the center of the float. The bottom of the return pipe is closed and has a through pipe. The through pipe is inclined downward and passes through the septum. The through pipe and the return pipe are connected to form a return channel.

[0006] In some embodiments, the top of the spacer is provided with an extended floating ring, which is lower than the photothermal layer; the bottom surface of the floating ring is provided with several circumferentially spaced ribs; the air inlet pipe is arranged around the spacer, and the air inlet pipe is provided with a ring of upwardly inclined nozzles; wherein, the amine solution forms a circulating state based on the airflow sprayed by each nozzle, and the floating ring drives the float to rotate under the driving force of the circulating state of the amine solution.

[0007] For example, the top surface of the collection tank has an exhaust sleeve at its center, the center of the light-transmitting cover has a collection tube that passes upward through the exhaust sleeve, a flexible sealing membrane is provided between the peripheral wall of the collection tube and the inner wall of the exhaust sleeve, the outer periphery of the exhaust sleeve has an annular cavity, the peripheral wall of the exhaust sleeve located below the sealing membrane has several exhaust holes communicating with the annular cavity, and the cavity wall of the annular cavity is connected to an exhaust pipe.

[0008] For example, a pressure regulating valve is installed on the collection pipe.

[0009] In one possible implementation, a condenser dryer is provided on the outside of the collection tank, with the air inlet of the condenser dryer connected to the collection pipe and the water outlet connected to the inner cavity of the collection tank.

[0010] In some embodiments, a replenishment pipe is provided inside the collection tank, and the replenishment pipe is located above the air inlet pipe; the water outlet of the condenser dryer is connected to the replenishment pipe.

[0011] For example, the top surface of the capillary conveyor is an inverted conical surface with a central depression, and the inverted conical surface is densely covered with microgrooves extending from its periphery to the return channel.

[0012] For example, the photothermal layer is densely covered with an array of breathable holes, and the photothermal layer includes a light-absorbing layer and an infrared reflective layer; wherein, the infrared reflective layer is located between the photothermal layer and the capillary transport body.

[0013] In some embodiments, the top of the trap wall is provided with multiple layers of transparent glass to form a light-transmitting area.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the carbon dioxide adsorption-desorption integrated device provided by this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, in this invention, industrial exhaust gas is introduced into the amine solution in the collection tank through the inlet pipe. Carbon dioxide reacts chemically with the amine solution and is adsorbed and captured to form a rich liquid. The remaining gas components are released from the amine solution and discharged from the collection tank through the exhaust channel. The photothermal desorption component, which is suspended in the amine solution by its own buoyancy, delivers the amine solution rich liquid with adsorbed carbon dioxide to the photothermal layer based on the capillary force of the capillary conveyor. Since sunlight can penetrate the light-transmitting area at the top of the collection tank and irradiate the photothermal layer floating on the surface of the amine solution, the photothermal layer absorbs sunlight and generates heat, thereby enabling the rich liquid reaching the photothermal layer to reach the temperature required for carbon dioxide desorption. The lean liquid after carbon dioxide desorption returns to the bottom of the collection pipe through the return channel, and the carbon dioxide is collected by the light-transmitting cover and discharged from the collection tank, thereby realizing the capture of carbon dioxide in industrial exhaust gas.

[0015] The adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide in industrial exhaust gas are all completed in the capture tank. Compared with the traditional capture system that requires an absorption tower and a regeneration tower, this not only reduces equipment construction investment costs and floor space, but also eliminates the need for piping facilities for transferring lean and rich alkanolamine solutions between the absorption tower and the regeneration tower, further reducing construction investment. The continuous desorption process of carbon dioxide is achieved by utilizing capillary transport in a capillary conveyor and heating in a photothermal layer, which greatly reduces the energy consumption for carbon dioxide desorption, thereby improving the economic benefits of resource utilization of captured carbon dioxide in industrial exhaust gas, reducing the burden on industrial enterprises, and promoting the widespread application of carbon dioxide resource utilization in industrial enterprises. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a half-section diagram of the capillary transport body and photothermal layer used in the photothermal desorption assembly in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of an integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the photothermal desorption component (excluding the light-transmitting cover) used in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 10. Collection tank; 100. Transparent area; 11. Transparent glass; 12. Exhaust channel; 13. Inlet pipe; 131. Nozzle; 14. Exhaust sleeve; 141. Annular cavity; 142. Exhaust port; 143. Exhaust pipe; 15. Condenser dryer; 16. Liquid replenishment pipe; 20. Photothermal desorption assembly; 21. Photothermal layer; 210. Ventilation hole array; 211. Light-absorbing layer; 212. Infrared reflective layer; 22. Capillary conveyor; 23. Return channel; 24. Spare sleeve; 241. Floating ring; 242. Rib; 25. Return pipe; 251. Through pipe; 30. Transparent cover; 31. Collection tube; 311. Sealing membrane; 312. Pressure regulating valve. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" or "connected to" another element, it can be directly on or indirectly on the other element. It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" or "several" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0020] It should be noted that the process principle of carbon dioxide capture using alkanolamine solution is as follows: After dust removal and desulfurization, industrial exhaust gas enters the alkanolamine solution. At a temperature of 40-50°C, the alkanolamine solution is at its optimal absorption temperature, adsorbing carbon dioxide to form carbamate, i.e., a rich solution. Other gaseous components in the industrial exhaust gas that are not adsorbed by the alkanolamine solution enter the subsequent exhaust gas treatment unit. The rich solution desorbs carbon dioxide at a temperature of 100-120°C to form a lean solution (a regenerated alkanolamine solution with a low carbon dioxide concentration). The desorbed carbon dioxide is collected and can be used in subsequent conversion systems. For example, carbon dioxide undergoes a reverse water-gas shift reaction to form high-value carbon monoxide, which is then converted by Clostridium acetate to produce ethanol.

[0021] Capillary force is generated by the interaction of liquid surface tension, wettability, and capillary walls, and is the force that drives the liquid to rise spontaneously in small pores or channels. The smaller the pores, the greater the capillary driving force.

[0022] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 6 The present invention will now describe an integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device. The integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device includes a collection tank 10 and a photothermal desorption assembly 20. The collection tank 10 contains an alkanolamine solution, and the top of the tank wall of the collection tank 10 has a light-transmitting area 100 and an exhaust channel 12, while the bottom has an inlet pipe 13 for introducing industrial exhaust gas into the alkanolamine solution.

[0023] The photothermal desorption assembly 20 is suspended in the alkanolamine solution by its own buoyancy and has a photothermal layer 21 exposed above the surface of the alkanolamine solution. Below the photothermal layer 21 is a capillary transport body 22 immersed below the surface of the alkanolamine solution. The capillary transport body 22 is used to transport the alkanolamine solution to the photothermal layer 21.

[0024] Among them, the amine solution is used to adsorb carbon dioxide in industrial exhaust gas to form a rich liquid, the photothermal layer 21 is used to heat the rich liquid transported by the capillary conveyor 22 so that the rich liquid desorbs carbon dioxide to form a lean liquid; the upper part of the photothermal layer 21 is covered with a light-transmitting cover 30 for collecting and discharging carbon dioxide, and the center of the capillary conveyor 22 is provided with a return channel 23 for the downward return of the lean liquid.

[0025] This embodiment provides an integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device. Compared with the prior art, industrial exhaust gas is introduced into the amine solution in the collection tank 10 through the inlet pipe 13. Carbon dioxide reacts chemically with the amine solution and is adsorbed and captured to form a rich liquid. The remaining gas components are released from the amine solution and discharged from the collection tank 10 through the exhaust channel 12. The photothermal desorption component 20, which is suspended in the amine solution by its own buoyancy, delivers the amine solution rich liquid with adsorbed carbon dioxide to the photothermal layer 21 based on the capillary force of the capillary conveyor 22. Since sunlight can penetrate the light-transmitting area 100 at the top of the collection tank 10 and irradiate the photothermal layer 21 floating on the surface of the amine solution, the photothermal layer 21 absorbs sunlight and generates heat, so that the rich liquid reaching the photothermal layer 21 reaches the temperature required for carbon dioxide desorption. The lean liquid after carbon dioxide desorption is returned to the bottom of the collection pipe 31 through the return channel 23, and the carbon dioxide is collected by the light-transmitting cover 30 and discharged from the collection tank 10, thereby realizing the capture of carbon dioxide in industrial exhaust gas.

[0026] The adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide in industrial exhaust gas are all completed in the capture tank 10. Compared with the traditional capture system that requires an absorption tower and a regeneration tower, this not only reduces equipment construction investment costs and floor space, but also eliminates the need for pipeline facilities for transferring lean and rich alkanolamine solutions between the absorption tower and the regeneration tower, thereby further reducing construction investment. The continuous desorption process of carbon dioxide is achieved by utilizing the capillary force of the capillary conveyor 22 and the heating of the photothermal layer 21, which greatly reduces the energy consumption for carbon dioxide desorption, thereby improving the economic benefits of resource utilization of carbon dioxide captured from industrial exhaust gas, reducing the burden on industrial enterprises, and promoting the application of carbon dioxide resource utilization in industrial enterprises.

[0027] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the amount of amine solution added to the collection tank 10 should not be lower than the lower boundary of the light-transmitting area 100, ensuring that sunlight can pass through the light-transmitting area 100 and irradiate the photothermal layer 21 above the liquid surface. Since the carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption processes occur simultaneously, the exhaust channel 12 and the light-transmitting cover 30 are isolated from each other, preventing the desorbed carbon dioxide from re-mixing into other gases besides carbon dioxide in the industrial exhaust gas precipitated from the amine solution.

[0028] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the buoyancy of the photothermal desorption component 20 mainly comes from the capillary transport body 22. The capillary transport body 22 itself is a low-density, high-buoyancy porous material such as wood blocks, fiber blocks, or porous ceramics. At the same time, the capillary transport body 22 also has heat insulation properties. As a result, the heat generated by the conversion of solar energy by the photothermal layer 21 is hardly transferred downwards, thus enabling the photothermal layer 21 to have a high temperature of 100~120℃ required for carbon dioxide desorption, while the amine solution remains in a stable range of 40~50℃ to ensure carbon dioxide adsorption efficiency.

[0029] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the photothermal layer 21 can be a structure of multilayer graphene film and infrared reflective film such as aluminum film. The aluminum film is composited on the upper surface of the capillary transport body 22, and the multilayer graphene film is sequentially stacked on top of the aluminum film. After sunlight shines on the multilayer graphene film, most of it is absorbed and converted into heat energy. A small portion penetrates the multilayer graphene film and is reflected by the aluminum film, thus re-entering the multilayer graphene film to be absorbed and converted into heat energy. This improves the effective conversion rate of solar energy, ensuring that the photothermal layer 21 can generate enough heat to meet the desorption of carbon dioxide, so that the rich liquid reaching the photothermal layer 21 can quickly obtain a high temperature of 100~120°C to desorb carbon dioxide.

[0030] It should be understood that the rich solution will generate a large amount of vapor after desorbing carbon dioxide at a high temperature of 100~120℃. This vapor will enter the light-transmitting hood 30 together with the desorbed carbon dioxide and be discharged. Most of the lean solution is the product of the condensation of this vapor. Therefore, condensation and reflux measures should be taken for the vapor to avoid the waste of the amine solution.

[0031] Among the possible implementation methods, please combine... Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The photothermal desorption assembly 20 includes a float, a septum 24, and a reflux pipe 25. The float, as a capillary transport body 22, floats on the surface of the amine solution. The interior of the float is densely covered with capillary channels, and the upper surface of the float is provided with a photothermal layer 21. The septum 24 is fitted around the outer periphery of the float and extends downward to below the inlet pipe 13. The reflux pipe 25 passes through the center of the float. The bottom of the reflux pipe 25 is closed and has a through pipe 251. The through pipe 251 extends downward at an angle through the septum 24, and the through pipe 251 and the reflux pipe 25 are connected to form a reflux channel 23.

[0032] The float, based on its internal porous structure, forms vertically extending capillary channels to meet the height requirements for conveying the amine solution, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the float can adopt a multi-layer stacked structure, with the pore size of each layer decreasing from bottom to top, thereby achieving an increasing capillary force from bottom to top, enabling the rich liquid to rise layer by layer and finally reach the photothermal layer 21.

[0033] The function of the spacer 24 is twofold: firstly, to cover the periphery of the float, thereby blocking the lateral flow of the rich liquid within the float and ensuring the upward transport force of the rich liquid by the float; secondly, the spacer 24 extends downward to below the air inlet pipe 13, allowing industrial exhaust gas to enter the amine solution region located outside the spacer 24 from the air inlet pipe 13. That is, the spacer 24 can divide the amine solution into two regions: the region outside the spacer 24 is the adsorption region that mainly adsorbs carbon dioxide, while the region inside the spacer 24 is the amine solution that has basically completed saturation adsorption. This increases the proportion of rich liquid in the amine solution transported upward by the float, preventing unadsorbed carbon dioxide amine solution from directly contacting the float and occupying the capillary channels, thus helping to improve the efficiency of the float in transporting the rich liquid upward.

[0034] In addition, considering that the industrial exhaust gas moves upward after entering the amine solution and completes the carbon dioxide adsorption process, the spacer 24 can also prevent the industrial exhaust gas from entering its interior and penetrating the float to enter the light-transmitting cover 30, thereby causing other unadsorbed gas components to mix with the desorbed carbon dioxide and affect the purity of carbon dioxide capture.

[0035] The return channel 23, constructed by the return pipe 25 and the through pipe 251, allows the lean liquid to flow directly back to the area outside the septum 24 and to come into contact with the industrial exhaust gas input by the inlet pipe 13 at the first time, thereby improving the carbon dioxide adsorption efficiency. At the same time, it avoids the lean liquid from being transported to the photothermal layer 21 by the float without adsorbing carbon dioxide after entering the septum 24 directly, thus avoiding the situation where the lean liquid occupies the capillary channel and helping to improve the transport efficiency of the float to the rich liquid.

[0036] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 The top of the aforementioned spacer 24 is provided with an extended floating ring 241, which is lower than the photothermal layer 21; the bottom surface of the floating ring 241 is provided with a number of circumferentially spaced ribs 242; the air inlet pipe 13 is arranged around the spacer 24, and the air inlet pipe 13 is provided with a ring of upwardly inclined nozzles 131; wherein, the amine solution forms a circulating state based on the airflow ejected by each nozzle 131, and the floating ring 241 drives the float to rotate under the driving force of the circulating state of the amine solution.

[0037] The floating ring 241 can preferably be made of materials with heat insulation and lightweight properties, such as wood with an anti-corrosion coating, or polyurethane foam or polypropylene foam. The floating ring 241 can increase buoyancy, ensuring that the photothermal layer 21 is always above the surface of the alkanolamine solution. At the same time, it can also shield the alkanolamine solution around the float, preventing sunlight from irradiating the alkanolamine solution and affecting the adsorption temperature conditions of carbon dioxide.

[0038] The air inlet pipe 13 adopts an annular structure and the nozzle 131, which is set upwardly, can use the airflow power of industrial exhaust gas to drive the amine solution to form a slow rotating flow circulation state. The amine solution in the circulation state drives the rib 242 below the floating ring 241, which in turn drives the floating ring 241 to rotate the float. This makes the solar energy contact area of ​​each region of the photothermal layer 21 consistent, improves the heat uniformity of different regions of the photothermal layer 21, and ensures that the rich liquid delivered to each region of the photothermal layer 21 can effectively desorb carbon dioxide.

[0039] Specifically, please refer to Figures 3 to 5 The above-mentioned collection tank 10 has an exhaust sleeve 14 at the center of its top surface. The center of the light-transmitting cover 30 is provided with a collection pipe 31 that passes upward through the exhaust sleeve 14. A flexible sealing membrane 311 is provided between the peripheral wall of the collection pipe 31 and the inner wall of the exhaust sleeve 14. An annular cavity 141 is provided on the outer periphery of the exhaust sleeve 14. The peripheral wall of the exhaust sleeve 14 located below the sealing membrane 311 is provided with a number of exhaust holes 142 that communicate with the annular cavity 141. An exhaust pipe 143 is connected to the cavity wall of the annular cavity 141.

[0040] The carbon dioxide collected by the light-transmitting cover 30 is discharged through the collection pipe 31. Other gas components in the industrial tail gas precipitated above the surface of the amine solution, except for carbon dioxide, are blocked by the sealing membrane 311 after entering between the exhaust sleeve 14 and the collection pipe 31. Then, they enter the annular cavity 141 through the exhaust port 142 and finally enter the exhaust pipe 143 from the annular cavity 141 to be transported to the post-treatment unit or directly discharged through the exhaust pipe 143 if other gas components meet the venting conditions.

[0041] This allows for the establishment of an isolation structure between the exhaust channel 12 and the collection tube 31, ensuring that carbon dioxide and other gaseous components can be isolated from each other during exhaust. It also reduces the number of openings on the collection tank 10. Furthermore, a flexible sealing membrane 311 is used to seal the collection tube 31 and the exhaust sleeve 14, which may meet the requirement for radial and axial movement of the collection tube 31 within the exhaust sleeve 14. This reduces the impact of the collection tube 31 and the light-transmitting cover 30 on the free floating of the photothermal desorption assembly 20 in the amine solution, ensuring that the photothermal layer 21 is always above the liquid surface and that the capillary conveyor 22 is always in contact with the amine solution below it.

[0042] It should be noted that, considering the adsorption rate of carbon dioxide by the amine solution is higher than the desorption rate, in order to maximize the utilization rate of the amine solution, such as... Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the collection tube 31 is equipped with a pressure regulating valve 312. The pressure regulating valve 312 can adjust the carbon dioxide discharge pressure, controlling the carbon dioxide discharge rate and creating pressure above the capillary transport body 22. This increases the residence time of the rich solution in the photothermal layer 21, ensuring complete desorption of carbon dioxide. Furthermore, under certain pressure conditions, the return tube 25 can drive the lean solution flowing into it to quickly pass through the perforation tube 251 into the amine solution outside the septum 24. This not only reduces the accumulation of lean solution in the return tube 25 but also improves the lean solution return efficiency.

[0043] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 The aforementioned collection tank 10 is externally equipped with a condenser-dryer 15. The air inlet of the condenser-dryer 15 is connected to the collection pipe 31, and the water outlet is connected to the inner cavity of the collection tank 10. The condenser-dryer 15 is an existing mature device that uses refrigeration technology to condense and precipitate moisture from the gas, thereby achieving the drying purpose. Its structure and principle will not be described in detail here. The purpose of setting up the condenser-dryer 15 is to separate the vapor generated during the desorption process from the carbon dioxide, thereby obtaining dry carbon dioxide. At the same time, the lean liquid generated after vapor condensation is discharged back into the collection tank 10 for reuse, thereby avoiding the waste of the amine solution.

[0044] It is necessary to understand that, such as Figure 3As shown, the collection tank 10 is equipped with a replenishment pipe 16, which is located above the inlet pipe 13; the outlet of the condenser-dryer 15 is connected to the replenishment pipe 16. The replenishment pipe 16 is designed to account for the loss of the amine solution. Because the replenishment pipe 16 is located above the inlet pipe 13, the industrial exhaust gas and the replenished amine solution can form a counter-current contact, thereby improving the carbon dioxide adsorption efficiency during the replenishment process. Furthermore, the lean solution discharged from the condenser-dryer 15 flows back into the collection tank 10 through the replenishment pipe 16, allowing the lean solution to contact the industrial exhaust gas immediately for carbon dioxide adsorption, which also improves the carbon dioxide adsorption efficiency.

[0045] As one specific embodiment of the capillary transporter 22 described above, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 The top surface of the capillary transport body 22 is an inverted cone with a central depression, and the inverted cone surface is densely covered with microgrooves extending from its periphery into the return channel 23. The inverted cone surface of the capillary transport body 22 helps the lean liquid after desorption of carbon dioxide to flow back into the return channel 23 along the microgrooves on the inverted cone surface, thereby avoiding the accumulation of lean liquid on the inverted cone surface and affecting the capillary transport force of the capillary transport body 22.

[0046] For some possible implementations, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 The photothermal layer 21 is densely covered with an array of permeable holes 210. The photothermal layer 21 includes a photothermal layer 21 and an infrared reflective layer 212; wherein, the infrared reflective layer 212 is located between the photothermal layer 21 and the capillary transport body 22. By setting the permeable hole array 210, the desorbed carbon dioxide and the vapor generated during the desorption process can quickly penetrate the photothermal layer 21 and precipitate, thereby avoiding blockage of the capillary channels of the capillary transport body 22 and affecting the upward transport continuity of the rich liquid.

[0047] The light-absorbing layer 211 can be a graphene film, while the infrared reflective layer 212 can be an aluminum film. Since the conversion of solar energy into heat energy is mainly focused on infrared light, an aluminum film with high reflectivity for infrared light is sufficient. Most of the sunlight irradiating the light-absorbing layer 211 is absorbed and converted into heat energy. Unabsorbed sunlight penetrates the light-absorbing layer 211 and is reflected by the infrared reflective layer 212, allowing it to re-enter the light-absorbing layer 211 and be absorbed again. This improves the absorption and conversion rate of solar energy, thereby increasing the heating efficiency of the photothermal layer 21 for the liquid-rich environment and ultimately improving the carbon dioxide desorption efficiency.

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the top of the tank wall of the above-mentioned collection tank 10 is provided with multiple layers of light-transmitting glass 11 to form a light-transmitting area 100.

[0049] The purpose of using multi-layer transparent glass 11 is, on the one hand, to ensure structural strength, and on the other hand, to utilize the air gap between the multi-layer transparent glass 11 to play a role in heat insulation and heat preservation, thereby ensuring the temperature stability inside the collection tube 31 and thus improving the stability of carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device, characterized in that, include: The collection tank contains an alcohol amine solution inside. The top of the tank wall has a light-transmitting area and an exhaust channel, and the bottom has an air inlet pipe for introducing industrial exhaust gas into the alcohol amine solution. A photothermal desorption assembly is suspended in the alkanolamine solution by its own buoyancy. It has a photothermal layer that is exposed above the surface of the alkanolamine solution. Below the photothermal layer is a capillary conveyor that is immersed below the surface of the alkanolamine solution. The capillary conveyor is used to convey the alkanolamine solution to the photothermal layer. The amine solution is used to adsorb carbon dioxide from industrial exhaust gas to form a rich solution, and the photothermal layer is used to heat the rich solution transported by the capillary conveyor to desorb carbon dioxide and form a lean solution. The photothermal layer is covered with a light-transmitting cover for collecting and discharging carbon dioxide, and the center of the capillary conveyor is provided with a return channel for the lean solution to flow back downward.

2. The integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The photothermal desorption component includes: A float, which serves as the capillary transport body, floats on the surface of the amine solution. The interior of the float is densely covered with capillary channels, and the upper surface of the float is provided with the photothermal layer. A spacer sleeve is fitted around the outer periphery of the float and extends downward to the bottom of the air intake pipe; A return pipe is inserted through the center of the float. The bottom of the return pipe is closed and has a through pipe. The through pipe extends downward at an angle through the septum. The through pipe and the return pipe are connected to form the return channel.

3. The integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the spacer is provided with an extended floating ring, which is lower than the photothermal layer; the bottom surface of the floating ring is provided with several circumferentially spaced ribs; the air inlet pipe is arranged around the spacer, and the air inlet pipe is provided with a ring of upwardly inclined nozzles; wherein, the amine solution forms a circulating state based on the airflow ejected by each of the nozzles, and the floating ring drives the float to rotate under the driving force of the circulating state of the amine solution.

4. The integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top surface of the collection tank has an exhaust sleeve at its center, and the center of the light-transmitting cover has a collection tube that passes upward through the exhaust sleeve. A flexible sealing membrane is provided between the peripheral wall of the collection tube and the inner wall of the exhaust sleeve. The outer periphery of the exhaust sleeve has an annular cavity. The peripheral wall of the exhaust sleeve located below the sealing membrane has several exhaust holes that communicate with the annular cavity. The cavity wall of the annular cavity is connected to an exhaust pipe.

5. The integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The collection pipe is equipped with a pressure regulating valve.

6. The integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The collection tank is equipped with a condenser dryer on its exterior. The air inlet of the condenser dryer is connected to the collection pipe, and the water outlet is connected to the inner cavity of the collection tank.

7. The integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The collection tank is equipped with a replenishment pipe, which is located above the air inlet pipe; the water outlet of the condenser dryer is connected to the replenishment pipe.

8. The integrated carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The top surface of the capillary conveyor is an inverted conical surface with a downward-concave center, and the inverted conical surface is densely covered with microgrooves extending from its periphery to the return channel.

9. A carbon dioxide adsorption-desorption integrated device as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The photothermal layer is densely covered with an array of breathable holes, and the photothermal layer includes a light-absorbing layer and an infrared reflective layer; wherein, the infrared reflective layer is located between the light-absorbing layer and the capillary transport body.

10. A carbon dioxide adsorption-desorption integrated device as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The top of the trap wall is provided with multiple layers of light-transmitting glass to form the light-transmitting area.

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