A laser non-destructive scribing machine for photovoltaic modules

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of photovoltaic module laser nondestructive scribing machine, it is related to laser scribing machine technical field, including: laser scribing machine and first component mounted on it, laser scribing machine is built-in with laser generation end;Second component realizes flexible compression and mechanical force increase linkage, initial suction force generated using vacuum adsorption drives trigger plate sliding, by trigger column to first wedge body applies axial force F1, is transmitted to second wedge body by push wheel, by the mechanical amplification principle of thirty degrees and sixty degrees wedge angle, convert oblique pushing force into vertical downward compression force F2 that is three times F1, pass through T type compression plate and be stably pressed in workpiece surface, further eliminate adsorption gap, compensate the suction deficiency of vacuum adsorption tool far from adsorption side, make workpiece overall adsorption force uniform, completely solve the problem that warped workpiece adsorption loosens, deviates, avoid scribing process to produce collapse edge, damage and other nondestructive machining defects, significantly improve scribing precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser scribing machine technology, specifically to a non-destructive laser scribing machine for photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of laser scribing, non-destructive scribing is a core requirement, demanding that the workpiece be free from chipping, breakage, and thermal cracking during processing, while ensuring both processing efficiency and equipment safety. Currently, existing laser scribing machines are generally equipped with vacuum adsorption mechanisms, laser emission mechanisms, and basic water-cooling mechanisms to achieve workpiece fixation, scribing, and cooling to meet basic processing needs.

[0003] However, existing technologies still have many shortcomings in practical applications, especially in core aspects such as vacuum adsorption stability, laser head protection, and adsorption monitoring, which lack innovative designs and cannot meet the non-destructive processing requirements of warped and brittle workpieces. The specific shortcomings are as follows, which are explained in comparison with the innovative points of this design: Existing laser scribing machines mostly use a single rigid adsorption table for their vacuum adsorption mechanism, without designing a close-fitting adsorption structure for warped workpieces. The adsorption table material is often hard, which cannot tightly adhere to warped workpieces with central protrusions or raised edges, easily creating gaps between the adsorption surface and the workpiece. This leads to vacuum leakage, poor negative pressure stability, and an inability to provide a reliable basic adsorption guarantee for non-destructive scribing.

[0004] Meanwhile, existing technologies lack a mechanical force-enhancing clamping structure for synergistic vacuum adsorption, relying solely on vacuum suction to fix the workpiece. For warped workpieces, the vacuum suction cannot be evenly applied to the workpiece surface; the suction is stronger near the vacuum adsorption center and weaker in areas further away, causing the workpiece to loosen and shift, leading to non-destructive processing defects such as chipping and breakage during dicing, making it difficult to guarantee dicing accuracy. Furthermore, existing vacuum adsorption mechanisms lack targeted adsorption force monitoring and protection structures, relying solely on pressure feedback from the vacuum source to determine the adsorption state. Lacking a built-in vacuum pressure monitoring component, they cannot accurately monitor the actual pressure on the adsorption surface in real time. When air leakage causes insufficient adsorption force, they cannot issue an alarm and initiate emergency adjustments in time, easily leading to workpiece shifting and equipment failure due to adsorption failure.

[0005] Therefore, this invention proposes a laser non-destructive scribing machine for photovoltaic modules to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a laser non-destructive scribing machine for photovoltaic modules, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a photovoltaic module laser non-destructive scribing machine, comprising: a laser scribing machine and a first component mounted thereon, wherein the laser scribing machine has a built-in laser generating end, a vacuum adsorption fixture is provided below the laser generating end, and an automatic loading and unloading system is provided on both sides of the vacuum adsorption fixture; the first component comprises: a flexible table surface fixedly connected to the vacuum adsorption fixture. The first component also includes: a buffer sleeve fitted around the outer ring of the output end of the laser generator, wherein an infrared displacement sensor is installed in the inner ring surface of the buffer sleeve at the end away from the laser generator, and a temperature sensor is installed on the adjacent side of the infrared displacement sensor. It also includes a second component for flexibly clamping workpieces with different curved surfaces.

[0008] Preferably, a sealing strip is provided at the connection between the vacuum adsorption fixture and the flexible table to prevent air leakage during the vacuum adsorption process.

[0009] Preferably, the buffer consists of two sleeve rings on the same vertical axis and a connecting rod that is bent in the center, and both the infrared displacement sensor and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to an external controller.

[0010] Preferably, the second component includes: a mounting housing fixedly connected to the outside of the vacuum adsorption fixture by bolts; the mounting housing is provided with multiple sets of vacuum pipelines symmetrically installed on both sides of the mounting housing; the top end of each vacuum pipeline is connected through the mounting housing; a trigger plate is slidably inserted into the top end of each vacuum pipeline; guide members are provided on both sides of the trigger plate; the guide members are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting housing; both ends of the trigger plate are slidably connected to the guide members; feedback kits are fixedly connected to both ends of the upper surface of the trigger plate; the feedback kits are composed of sleeves and the sleeves contain vacuum pressure sensors electrically connected to an external controller; a return spring is sleeved on the outer ring of the upper end of the vacuum pipeline; both ends of the return spring are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the trigger plate and the inner wall of the mounting housing, respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the mounting housing has an I-shaped cross-section, the vacuum pipeline has an L-shaped bend, and its bottom bend end is connected to the vacuum chamber. T-shaped sliders are provided on both sides of the trigger plate, and the guide member has a T-shaped groove that slides and adapts to both ends of the trigger plate.

[0012] Preferably, the second component further includes a positioning element fixedly connected to the inner wall side of the mounting housing by bolts. A guide housing is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning element away from the mounting housing. A trigger post is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower surface of the trigger plate. The trigger post is slidably inserted into the guide housing. A first spring is sleeved on the outer ring of the trigger post. A first wedge is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the trigger post. The first wedge is slidably connected into the guide housing. A slanted groove A is formed on the side of the first wedge away from the trigger post.

[0013] Preferably, the lower end of the guide housing away from the positioning member has a rectangular through groove, the bottom angle of the first wedge is 30 degrees, the first spring is disposed in the guide housing between the first wedge and the top of the inner cavity of the guide housing, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the first wedge and the guide housing respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the second component further includes a push wheel movably connected within the guide housing. A guide ring is fixedly connected to the center of the outer ring of the push wheel. The inclined groove A is slidably engaged with the guide ring outside the push wheel. The push wheel is reciprocally connected within the guide housing. A second wedge is provided at the bottom of the push wheel. An inclined groove B is formed on the upper inclined surface of the second wedge. The inclined groove B is slidably engaged with the guide ring of the outer ring of the push wheel. An elastic base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second wedge. Sleeves are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper end of the elastic base. A buffer spring is sleeved on the outer ring of the sleeve. The end of the guide housing away from the elastic base is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide housing. A pressure plate is fixedly connected to the side of the elastic base away from the guide housing.

[0015] Preferably, the upper end of the second wedge has an angle of 60 degrees, the elastic base extends to both sides, and springs are fixedly connected to both sides of the lower surface. The end of the spring away from the elastic base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the guide housing. The pressing plate extends outward through the rectangular groove opened on the guide housing and is set directly above the flexible table. The pressing plate is set in the form of a T-shaped plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a laser non-destructive scribing machine for photovoltaic modules, which has the following beneficial effects: Through the combined design of the flexible table and the vacuum adsorption fixture, the flexible table is made of water-resistant and wear-resistant silicone material. The surface has ventilation holes that are connected to the vacuum pipeline, which can closely fit the surface of the workpiece to be processed. It is especially suitable for warped workpieces with a bulge in the middle or raised around the edges, and initially eliminates adsorption gaps. At the same time, a sealing strip is set at the connection between the vacuum adsorption fixture and the flexible table to effectively prevent air leakage during the vacuum adsorption process, ensure negative pressure stability, and provide basic adsorption guarantee for non-destructive dicing.

[0017] The second component achieves a linkage between flexible clamping and mechanical force amplification. It uses the initial suction force generated by vacuum adsorption to drive the trigger plate to slide, and applies an axial force F1 to the first wedge through the trigger post. This force is then transmitted to the second wedge via the push wheel. By utilizing the mechanical amplification principle of the 30-degree and 60-degree wedge angles, the oblique thrust is converted into a vertical downward clamping force F2, which is three times that of F1. This force is then smoothly pressed onto the workpiece surface by the T-shaped clamping plate, further eliminating the adsorption gap and compensating for insufficient suction force on the side of the vacuum adsorption fixture away from the adsorption side. This ensures that the overall adsorption force of the workpiece is uniform, completely solving the problems of loosening and shifting of warped workpieces, avoiding non-destructive processing defects such as edge chipping and breakage during the dicing process, and significantly improving the dicing accuracy.

[0018] The feedback kit has a built-in vacuum pressure sensor that can monitor the vacuum adsorption force in real time. When the pressure is lower than the preset threshold, it will promptly issue a leak alarm and initiate emergency adsorption regulation to ensure adsorption reliability. At the same time, the sleeve structure of the feedback kit can effectively protect the internal sensor, avoid damage from moisture and impurities during processing, extend the sensor's service life, and ensure the continuity and stability of adsorption monitoring.

[0019] The buffer component, made of flexible, impact-resistant polyurethane material, is fitted onto the outer ring of the laser generator output end. It maintains a safe distance from the laser lens and is coaxially positioned, ensuring it does not obstruct the laser beam while providing initial anti-collision buffering when the laser head slightly shifts, preventing rigid collisions between the laser lens and the workpiece or equipment components. An infrared displacement sensor monitors the distance between the laser head and the vacuum adsorption fixture / workpiece in real time. Combined with a preset safe distance threshold from the external controller, if the workpiece shifts due to insufficient adsorption or equipment positioning errors causing the distance to fall below the safe threshold, an early warning signal is immediately sent. The controller simultaneously executes coordinated operations such as laser shutdown, water injection cessation, emergency adsorption adjustment, and increased clamping force. From proactive warning to passive buffering, this comprehensive approach prevents laser head collision damage, reduces equipment maintenance costs, minimizes downtime, and improves processing safety and continuity. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a disassembled structural diagram of the first component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the second component of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 8This is a disassembled structural diagram of the second component of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point B in the middle.

[0021] In the picture: 11. Laser scribing machine; 12. Laser generator; 13. Vacuum adsorption fixture; 14. Automatic loading and unloading system; 21. Flexible tabletop; 22. Buffer component; 23. Infrared displacement sensor; 24. Temperature sensor; 31. Mounting housing; 32. Vacuum tubing; 33. Guide component; 34. Trigger plate; 35. Feedback kit; 36. Reset spring; 37. Positioning component; 38. Guide housing; 39. Trigger post; 310. First spring; 311. First wedge; 312. Inclined groove A; 313. Push wheel; 314. Second wedge; 315. Inclined groove B; 316. Elastic base; 317. Sleeve; 318. Buffer spring; 319. Pressure plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Example Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown: To address the problems mentioned in the technical solutions, this application provides a photovoltaic module laser non-destructive scribing machine, including: a laser scribing machine 11 and a first component mounted thereon. The laser scribing machine 11 is externally connected to a micro-water circulation system for cooling, significantly reducing edge chipping and thermal cracking. The laser scribing machine 11 has a built-in laser generating end 12 for stably outputting a laser beam with set power, wavelength, and pulse width to cut the workpiece. A vacuum adsorption fixture 13 is provided below the laser generating end 12, and the table surface of the vacuum adsorption fixture 13 is densely covered with vacuum holes. The vacuum adsorption fixture 13 is equipped with automatic loading and unloading systems 14 on both sides to automatically load the workpiece and automatically unload it after processing. The workpiece is transferred without manual intervention. The first component includes a flexible table 21 fixedly connected to the vacuum adsorption fixture 13. The flexible table 21 is used to place the workpiece to be laser processed and is made of water-resistant and wear-resistant flexible material, such as silicone. The surface is provided with ventilation holes that are connected to the vacuum pipeline to achieve close-fitting adsorption of warped workpieces. It is suitable for workpieces with a raised center or raised edges and eliminates adsorption gaps. The first component also includes a buffer 22 fitted around the outer ring of the output end of the laser generator 12. The buffer 22 is made of a flexible, impact-resistant material, such as polyurethane, and maintains a safe distance from the laser lens to avoid blocking the laser. The axis of the fitting ring is aligned vertically with the laser generator 12. An infrared displacement sensor 23 is installed on the inner ring surface of the buffer 22 away from the laser generator 12 to monitor the distance between the laser head and the adsorption platform and the workpiece in real time. The sensor adjusts the preset safe distance threshold according to the dicing thickness. When the workpiece shifts due to insufficient adsorption, or when the distance between the laser head and the workpiece is less than the safe threshold due to equipment positioning error, the displacement sensor sends a warning signal. This controls the laser head to stop moving immediately and shut off the laser, and also controls the automatic water injector to stop water injection. Simultaneously, the adsorption platform's emergency adsorption adjustment is activated to prevent collisions, achieving proactive warning and linkage protection. A temperature sensor 24 is installed on the adjacent side of the infrared displacement sensor 23 to monitor the laser processing temperature in real time to ensure it is within a stable value, preventing fluctuations in dicing efficiency due to insufficient laser power. It also includes a second component for flexibly clamping workpieces with different curved surfaces.

[0025] A sealing strip is provided at the connection between the vacuum adsorption fixture 13 and the flexible table 21 to prevent air leakage during the vacuum adsorption process.

[0026] The buffer 22 consists of two sleeve rings on the same vertical axis and a connecting rod that is bent in the center. The infrared displacement sensor 23 and the temperature sensor 24 are both electrically connected to the external controller.

[0027] A further embodiment: Please refer to Figures 6 to 9 As shown: The second component includes: a mounting housing 31 fixedly connected to the outside of the vacuum adsorption fixture 13 by bolts; multiple sets of mounting housings 31 are provided, and due to the strong suction near the vacuum adsorption side, they are positioned away from the vacuum adsorption sidewall to increase the workpiece clamping force; vacuum pipes 32 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the mounting housing 31, with the top end of the vacuum pipe 32 penetrating into the mounting housing 31; a trigger plate 34 is slidably inserted into the top end of the vacuum pipe 32; guide members 33 are provided on both sides of the trigger plate 34, and the guide members 33 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting housing 31; the two ends of the trigger plate 34 are slidably connected into the guide members 33; and the trigger plate 34 has guide members 33 on both sides. Both ends of the surface are fixedly connected to the feedback kit 35, trigger post 39 and other components. When the trigger plate 34 moves downward with the vacuum adsorption force and is converted into a pressing force, the vacuum pressure sensor inside the feedback kit 35 feeds back the internal value change. The feedback kit 35 is composed of a sleeve and the sleeve has a built-in vacuum pressure sensor that is electrically connected to an external controller to monitor the vacuum adsorption force in real time. When the pressure is lower than the preset threshold, a signal is sent to the control system to issue an alarm for air leakage. The upper outer ring of the vacuum pipeline 32 is fitted with a reset spring 36. The two ends of the reset spring 36 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the trigger plate 34 and the inner wall of the mounting housing 31, respectively.

[0028] The mounting housing 31 has an I-shaped cross-section, the vacuum pipeline 32 is L-shaped and its bottom bend is connected to the vacuum chamber, and T-shaped sliders are provided on both sides of the trigger plate 34. The guide 33 is T-shaped groove and slides and adapts to both ends of the trigger plate 34.

[0029] The second component also includes a positioning member 37 bolted to the inner wall of the mounting housing 31. A guide housing 38 is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning member 37 away from the mounting housing 31. A trigger post 39 is fixedly connected to the center of the lower surface of the trigger plate 34. The trigger post 39 is slidably inserted into the guide housing 38. A first spring 310 is sleeved around the outer ring of the trigger post 39. A first wedge 311 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the trigger post 39. Vacuum adsorption force adsorbs the trigger plate 34 downwards through the vacuum pipe 32. The trigger plate 34 applies an axial force F1 to the first wedge 311 through the trigger post 39. The inclined surface at the lower end of the first wedge 311 presses against the pusher wheel 313, causing it to move within the guide housing 38. The force is transmitted to the second wedge 314. Under the contact transmission between the inclined surface of the second wedge 314 and the push wheel 313, the second wedge 314 converts the inclined force into a vertically downward amplified clamping force F2. With the cooperation of the two inclined angles, the vacuum pulling force is converted into a vertical clamping force of three times the size by using the mechanical amplification principle. Without changing the direction of the force or increasing the external power, the second wedge 314 works in conjunction with the clamping plate 319 to clamp the warped workpiece adsorbed on the flexible table 21, thereby improving the overall adsorption force. The first wedge 311 is slidably connected in the guide housing 38. The side of the first wedge 311 away from the trigger post 39 is provided with an inclined groove A312.

[0030] A rectangular through groove is provided at the lower end of the side of the guide housing 38 away from the positioning member 37. The bottom angle of the first wedge 311 is thirty degrees. The first spring 310 is located inside the guide housing 38 between the first wedge 311 and the top of the inner cavity of the guide housing 38, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the first wedge 311 and the guide housing 38 respectively.

[0031] The second component also includes a pusher wheel 313 movably connected within the guide housing 38. A guide ring is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer ring of the pusher wheel 313. An inclined groove A312 is slidably engaged with the guide ring outside the pusher wheel 313. The pusher wheel 313 is reciprocally connected within the guide housing 38. A second wedge 314 is provided at the bottom of the pusher wheel 313. An inclined groove B315 is opened on the inclined surface at the upper end of the second wedge 314. The inclined groove B315 is slidably engaged with the guide ring on the outer ring of the pusher wheel 313. An elastic base 316 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second wedge 314. Sleeves 317 are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper end of the elastic base 316. A buffer spring 318 is sleeved on the outer ring of the sleeve 317. The end of the guide housing 38 away from the elastic base 316 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide housing 38. A pressure plate 319 is fixedly connected to the side of the elastic base 316 away from the guide housing 38.

[0032] The upper end of the second wedge 314 has a 60-degree angle. The elastic base 316 extends to both sides, and springs are fixedly connected to both sides of the lower surface. The end of the spring away from the elastic base 316 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the guide housing 38. The clamping plate 319 extends outward through the rectangular groove opened on the guide housing 38 and is set directly above the flexible table 21. The clamping plate 319 is set in a T-shape to increase the contact surface with the workpiece placed on the flexible table 21.

[0033] Wherein: the mounting housing 31 is fixed to the outside of the vacuum adsorption fixture 13 by bolts, and since the suction force of the vacuum adsorption fixture 13 near the vacuum adsorption side is strong, the mounting housing 31 is set on the side wall away from the vacuum adsorption. The clamping force of the second component compensates for the insufficient adsorption force in this area, so that the overall adsorption force of the workpiece is uniform and local adsorption is avoided. The guide ring of the push wheel 313 is slidably engaged with the inclined grooves A312 and B315. Lubricant can be applied to reduce sliding friction, ensure force transmission efficiency, and prevent the clamping force amplification ratio from deviating from the preset value due to friction loss.

[0034] The buffer 22 consists of two sleeve rings on the same vertical axis and a connecting rod that is bent in the center. The connecting rod can adapt to the lifting and lowering of the laser head to ensure that the buffer 22 is always coaxial with the laser generating end 12, so as not to block the laser, and to play a buffering role when the laser head is slightly deviated or close to the bottom workpiece.

[0035] The working principle of all the content in the above embodiments is as follows: When in use, after the equipment is started, the automatic loading and unloading system 14 first completes the automatic loading of the workpiece, conveying the workpiece to be processed to the flexible table 21 of the vacuum adsorption fixture 13; then the vacuum adsorption system is started, and negative pressure is formed through the air holes on the surface of the flexible table 21 and the vacuum pipeline 32 to perform preliminary adsorption and fixation on the workpiece; at the same time, the micro water circulation system is started to cool down the laser scribing machine 11 and the processing area to avoid excessive temperature during processing, which may cause edge chipping and thermal cracking; the laser generator 12 is started, and a laser beam with set power, wavelength and pulse width is stably output, which is directed towards the workpiece through the clearance space inside the buffer 22 to start scribing processing. The automatic loading and unloading system 14 is started, and the workpiece to be processed is accurately transported to the flexible table 21 of the vacuum adsorption fixture 13 according to the preset program, ensuring that the center of the workpiece and the axis of the laser generating end 12 are on the same vertical line. The flexible table 21 is made of water-resistant and wear-resistant silicone material. Its surface vents are connected to the vacuum pipeline 32. After the workpiece is placed, the flexible table 21 can fit the workpiece surface and initially eliminate the adsorption gap. At the same time, the sealing strip at the connection between the vacuum adsorption fixture 13 and the flexible table 21 fits tightly to avoid air leakage during the subsequent vacuum adsorption process and ensure negative pressure stability.

[0036] When the vacuum adsorption system is started, air is drawn into the vacuum adsorption fixture 13 and the flexible table 21 through the vacuum pipeline 32 to form a stable negative pressure and generate an initial vacuum adsorption force, which initially adsorbs the workpiece onto the flexible table 21. At the same time, the vacuum line 32 is connected to the L-shaped bend 32, and the negative pressure acts synchronously on the trigger plate 34, driving the trigger plate 34 to slide down along the T-shaped groove of the guide 33. The T-shaped sliders on both sides of the trigger plate 34 are precisely matched with the T-shaped groove of the guide 33 to ensure smooth sliding and avoid deviation. At this time, the reset spring 36 on the lower surface of the trigger plate 34 is compressed to store elastic potential energy for subsequent reset. When the trigger plate 34 moves downward, the trigger post 39 in the middle of its lower surface moves downward synchronously, applying an axial force F1 to the first wedge 311; the first wedge 311 slides downward in the guide housing 38, and its bottom 30-degree inclined surface presses against the push wheel 313, and the first spring 310 is compressed. The function of the first spring 310 is to buffer the downward impact force of the first wedge 311 and assist in subsequent reset. The push wheel 313 slides and engages with the inclined groove A312 of the first wedge 311 through the guide ring of its outer ring. Under the squeezing action of the first wedge 311, the push wheel 313 reciprocates in the guide housing 38 and slides along the inclined groove A312, converting the axial force F1 into a vertical and inclined thrust, which is then transmitted to the second wedge 314. The upper end of the second wedge 314 has a 60-degree inclined surface with a groove B315, which slides and engages with the guide ring of the push wheel 313. After receiving the oblique thrust transmitted by the push wheel 313, it uses the mechanical amplification principle of the 30-degree and 60-degree wedge angles to convert the oblique thrust into a vertically downward amplified pressing force F2F2=3F1. When the second wedge 314 moves downward, it drives the elastic base 316 at its bottom to move downward synchronously. The buffer springs 318 on both sides of the elastic base 316 are stretched. The buffer springs 318 cooperate with the sleeve 317 to buffer the clamping impact force of the clamping plate 319 on the workpiece, avoid rigid clamping that could cause workpiece damage, and meet the requirements of non-destructive processing. The elastic base 316 drives the pressing plate 319 to move downward. The pressing plate 319 is set in a T-shape to increase the contact area with the workpiece and presses it smoothly on the surface of the workpiece on the flexible table 21, so as to realize the flexible pressing of the warped workpiece, further eliminate the adsorption gap, and improve the stability of vacuum adsorption. Simultaneously, the feedback kits 35 at both ends of the upper surface of the trigger plate 34 monitor the vacuum adsorption force in real time and transmit the monitored pressure value to the external controller. When the pressure is lower than the preset threshold, the controller immediately issues a leak alarm and starts emergency adsorption adjustment to increase the vacuum level and ensure reliable adsorption. The sleeve structure of the feedback kit 35 can effectively protect the internal vacuum pressure sensor, prevent moisture and impurities from damaging the sensor during processing, and extend its service life. After vacuum adsorption and flexible clamping stabilization, the laser generator 12 is activated, and the built-in laser emission structure stably outputs a laser beam with the set power, wavelength, and pulse width. The laser beam passes through the inner ring of the buffer 22, which is made of flexible, impact-resistant polyurethane material, maintains a safe distance from the laser lens, and its two sleeve rings are on the same vertical line as the laser generator 12 to avoid blocking the laser and also play a preliminary anti-collision buffering role; the beam then strikes the workpiece surface and the dicing process begins. The micro-water circulation system is started simultaneously and connected to the laser scribing machine 11 to continuously deliver cooling water to the processing area. This cools the laser scribing machine 11, the laser lens, and the workpiece processing area, significantly reducing the occurrence of workpiece chipping and thermal cracking, and ensuring non-destructive scribing effect. During the processing, the infrared displacement sensor 23 monitors the distance between the laser head and the vacuum adsorption fixture 13 and the workpiece in real time. The external controller presets a safe distance threshold based on the workpiece dicing thickness. When the workpiece shifts due to insufficient adsorption, or when the distance between the laser head and the workpiece is less than the safe threshold due to equipment positioning error, the infrared displacement sensor 23 immediately sends an early warning signal to the controller. After receiving the warning signal, the controller simultaneously performs three linked operations: First, it controls the laser generator 12 to immediately stop moving and turn off the laser to avoid the laser scratching the workpiece or damaging the equipment; second, it controls the automatic water injector to stop injecting water to prevent cooling water from splashing after the workpiece shifts, which would affect the operation of the equipment; third, it starts the emergency adsorption adjustment of the vacuum adsorption fixture 13 to increase the vacuum level, and at the same time controls the clamping force of the second component to further increase in an attempt to correct the workpiece shift and avoid collision accidents. Temperature sensor 24 monitors the laser processing temperature in real time to determine whether the temperature is within the preset stable value. When the temperature is too high, the controller controls the micro water circulation system to increase the cooling water flow and reduce the processing temperature. When the temperature is too low or the laser power is insufficient, causing the dicing efficiency to fluctuate, the controller adjusts the output power of the laser generator 12 to ensure stable dicing efficiency and processing quality. Among them, temperature sensor 24 and infrared displacement sensor 23 are both electrically connected to external controller to realize real-time signal communication and ensure timely linkage response.

[0037] Please refer to the above work process. Figures 1 to 9 .

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0039] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser non-destructive scribing machine for photovoltaic modules, comprising: A laser scribing machine (11) and a first component mounted thereon, wherein the laser scribing machine (11) has a built-in laser generating end (12), and a vacuum adsorption fixture (13) is provided below the laser generating end (12), and an automatic loading and unloading system (14) is provided on both sides of the vacuum adsorption fixture (13). The first component is characterized in that: the first component includes: a flexible table (21) fixedly connected to the vacuum adsorption fixture (13). The first component also includes: a buffer (22) sleeved on the outer ring of the output end of the laser generator (12), wherein an infrared displacement sensor (23) is installed in the inner ring surface of the buffer (22) away from the laser generator (12), and a temperature sensor (24) is installed on the adjacent side of the infrared displacement sensor (23). It also includes a second component for flexibly clamping workpieces with different curved surfaces.

2. The photovoltaic module laser non-destructive scribing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing strip is provided at the connection between the vacuum adsorption fixture (13) and the flexible table (21) to prevent air leakage during the vacuum adsorption process.

3. The photovoltaic module laser non-destructive scribing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer (22) consists of two sleeve rings on the same vertical axis and a connecting rod that is bent in the center. The infrared displacement sensor (23) and the temperature sensor (24) are both electrically connected to an external controller.

4. The photovoltaic module laser non-destructive scribing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second component includes: a mounting housing (31) fixedly connected to the outside of the vacuum adsorption fixture (13) by bolts; the mounting housing (31) is provided with multiple sets; vacuum pipelines (32) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the mounting housing (31); the top end of the vacuum pipeline (32) is connected through the mounting housing (31); a trigger plate (34) is slidably inserted into the top end of the vacuum pipeline (32); guide members (33) are provided on both sides of the trigger plate (34); the guide members (33) are fixedly connected to the mounting housing (13). On the inner wall of the housing (31), the two ends of the trigger plate (34) are slidably connected to the guide (33). The two ends of the upper surface of the trigger plate (34) are fixedly connected to the feedback kit (35). The feedback kit (35) is composed of a sleeve and the sleeve has a vacuum pressure sensor that is electrically connected to the external controller. The upper end of the vacuum pipeline (32) is fitted with a reset spring (36). The two ends of the reset spring (36) are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the trigger plate (34) and the inner wall of the housing (31) respectively.

5. A photovoltaic module laser non-destructive scribing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting housing (31) has an I-shaped cross section, the vacuum pipeline (32) is L-shaped and curved, and its bottom curved end is connected to the vacuum chamber. T-shaped sliders are provided on both sides of the trigger plate (34), and the guide (33) is T-shaped groove that slides and adapts to both ends of the trigger plate (34).

6. A photovoltaic module laser non-destructive scribing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second component also includes a positioning element (37) that is fixedly connected to the inner wall side of the mounting housing (31) by bolts. The side of the positioning element (37) away from the mounting housing (31) is fixedly connected to a guide housing (38). A trigger post (39) is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower surface of the trigger plate (34). The trigger post (39) is slidably inserted into the guide housing (38). A first spring (310) is sleeved on the outer ring of the trigger post (39). A first wedge (311) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the trigger post (39). The first wedge (311) is slidably connected to the guide housing (38). A slanted groove A (312) is opened on the side of the first wedge (311) away from the trigger post (39).

7. A photovoltaic module laser non-destructive scribing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide housing (38) has a rectangular through groove at the lower end of the side away from the positioning member (37). The bottom angle of the first wedge (311) is thirty degrees. The first spring (310) is located inside the guide housing (38) between the top of the first wedge (311) and the inner cavity of the guide housing (38), and its two ends are fixedly connected to the first wedge (311) and the guide housing (38) respectively.

8. A photovoltaic module laser non-destructive scribing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second component also includes a push wheel (313) movably connected within the guide housing (38). A guide ring is fixedly connected to the center of the outer ring of the push wheel (313). The inclined groove A (312) is slidably engaged with the guide ring outside the push wheel (313). The push wheel (313) is reciprocally connected within the guide housing (38). A second wedge (314) is provided at the bottom of the push wheel (313). An inclined groove B (315) is provided on the inclined surface of the upper end of the second wedge (314). The inclined groove B (315) is connected to the push wheel (313). The guide ring of the outer ring of the wheel (313) is slidably engaged. The bottom of the second wedge (314) is fixedly connected to an elastic base (316). Both sides of the upper end of the elastic base (316) are fixedly connected to sleeves (317). The outer ring of the sleeve (317) is fitted with a buffer spring (318). The end of the guide housing (38) away from the elastic base (316) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide housing (38). The side of the elastic base (316) away from the guide housing (38) is fixedly connected to a pressure plate (319).

9. A photovoltaic module laser non-destructive scribing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper end of the second wedge (314) has an angle of 60 degrees. The elastic base (316) extends to both sides and is fixedly connected to both sides of the lower surface. The end of the spring away from the elastic base (316) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the guide housing (38). The pressing plate (319) extends outward through the rectangular groove opened on the guide housing (38) and is set directly above the flexible table (21). The pressing plate (319) is set in the form of a T-shaped plate.

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