Length self-adjusting connecting rod, adjusting method and excavator

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of length self-adjusting connecting rod, adjusting method and excavator, the length self-adjusting connecting rod includes movable component and fixed component, the auxiliary oil cylinder of two components hinged connection and control the spacing between two components, controller controls the action of auxiliary oil cylinder;The adjusting method includes judging whether it is difficult to excavate, then twice successively collection is excavated difficult when the extension length of dipper cylinder, according to the size comparison of twice extension length respectively calculates the displacement distance of auxiliary oil cylinder, then by controller drive auxiliary oil cylinder action, automatically adjust the length of connecting rod;The excavator installs the length self-adjusting connecting rod and automatically adjusts the length of connecting rod according to the adjusting method.The present application can automatically adjust the length of connecting rod in real time according to the different operating conditions requirements of excavator, improve the excavating force, excavating range and adapt to different tools of excavator, without replacing connecting rod, improve work efficiency, reduce cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a length-adjustable connecting rod, an adjustment method, and an excavator, belonging to the field of engineering machinery technology. Background Technology

[0002] Excavators, as a typical representative of construction machinery, have a wide operating range and complex working conditions. For the assembly structure of their working parts, please refer to... Figure 1 The connecting rod is a key structural component in the excavator's working device, forming a front-end four-bar linkage together with the stick, rocker arm, bucket cylinder, and bucket or attachment. This linkage performs the outward and inward tilting and retraction of the bucket or attachment, enabling digging or other attachment operations. Excavator operating conditions are constantly changing. For example, when digging resistance is high and digging is difficult, the existing connecting rod cannot be shortened, making it impossible to increase digging force using the four-bar linkage. Similarly, when the digging range is insufficient, the existing connecting rod cannot be lengthened, preventing the expansion of the digging area using the four-bar linkage. Furthermore, when the bucket is replaced with different attachments, the fixed-length connecting rod cannot meet the diverse needs of different attachments.

[0003] Because the connecting rod length of existing excavators is fixed, it is not possible to adjust the connecting rod length in a timely manner according to changes in the outward and inward angles of the assembled bucket, changes in the four-bar linkage ratio, or changes in different attachments. Therefore, different lengths of connecting rods need to be replaced for different working conditions of the excavator. The disassembly and assembly of connecting rods not only wastes certain production costs and labor costs and downtime costs during replacement, affecting work efficiency, but also requires the preparation of connecting rods of different lengths, increasing the cost of spare parts management.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a linkage mechanism and corresponding adjustment method that can automatically adjust the linkage length according to the different working conditions of the excavator. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a length-adjustable connecting rod, an adjustment method, and an excavator. The connecting rod length can be automatically and in real time adjusted according to the different working conditions of the excavator, thereby improving the excavator's digging force, digging range, and compatibility with different attachments. The connecting rod does not need to be replaced, thus improving work efficiency and reducing costs.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: A length-adjustable linkage for connecting a bucket cylinder and a bucket includes a movable component and a fixed component, an auxiliary cylinder that hinges the two components and controls the distance between the two components, and a controller that controls the movement of the auxiliary cylinder. The movable component includes a hinged sleeve A that is hinged to the bucket cylinder via a pin, and a base connected to the hinged sleeve A; the fixed component includes a hinged sleeve B that is hinged to the bucket via a pin, and an extension arm connected to the hinged sleeve B. The auxiliary cylinder is hinged to the base and the hinged sleeve B at both ends respectively; the extension arm is provided with a slot, and the side of the base is slidably embedded in the slot; The controller controls the auxiliary cylinder's movement in real time based on the working pressure and displacement signal of the bucket cylinder, and receives displacement signal feedback from the auxiliary cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the base end is U-shaped and is connected to two coaxially arranged hinged sleeves A.

[0008] Furthermore, each end of the hinged sleeve B is connected to an extension arm, and the two sides of the base are slidably embedded in the corresponding slots of the two extension arms.

[0009] Furthermore, the controller is connected to the bucket cylinder pressure sensor and bucket cylinder displacement sensor of the bucket cylinder, the auxiliary cylinder displacement sensor of the auxiliary cylinder, and the electrical signal of the hydraulic valve that drives the auxiliary cylinder.

[0010] A method for adjusting a length-self-adjusting link, based on any one of the aforementioned length-self-adjusting links, wherein the adjustment method is as follows: Step S1: Determine whether the bucket encounters digging difficulties during digging. If so, continue with the following steps; otherwise, maintain the current digging operation. Step S2: Collect the extension length S' of the bucket cylinder during the previous digging stroke; Step S3: Collect the extension length S'' of the bucket cylinder during one digging stroke; Step S4: If S'' is less than or equal to S', then calculate the auxiliary cylinder displacement distance L' according to the formula L'=S'' / S'*L, where L is the auxiliary cylinder stroke; Step S5: If S'' is greater than S', then calculate the auxiliary cylinder displacement distance L'' according to the formula L''=(1-(S''-S') / (S-S'))*L, where S and L are the bucket cylinder stroke and the auxiliary cylinder stroke, respectively. Step S6: The controller outputs a signal to drive the auxiliary cylinder to move the corresponding displacement distance calculated in step S4 or S5. Step S7: The auxiliary hydraulic cylinder drives the movable component away from or closer to the fixed component, thereby changing the length of the connecting rod and causing the digging force and digging range to change accordingly. Step S8: Continue the excavation operation.

[0011] Furthermore, step S1 determines whether digging difficulties occur by checking whether the hydraulic circuit driving the bucket cylinder overflows through the controller.

[0012] Furthermore, in steps S2 and S3, the extension lengths S' and S'' of the bucket cylinder are collected by the bucket cylinder displacement sensor and fed back to the controller.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S6, the controller controls the hydraulic valve to operate, the hydraulic valve controls the displacement of the auxiliary cylinder, and the displacement distance is fed back to the controller through the auxiliary cylinder displacement sensor.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S7, if the length of the connecting rod of the four-bar linkage on the excavator boom changes, the digging force and digging range of the bucket will change accordingly.

[0015] An excavator, wherein a four-bar linkage on the excavator's boom is equipped with a length-adjustable link according to any one of the above-mentioned methods, and the length of the link is automatically and in real time adjusted using any one of the above-mentioned adjustment methods to adapt to different excavation operation conditions of the excavator.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The length-adjustable connecting rod of the present invention achieves the change of the connecting rod length by setting a sliding groove structure between the movable component and the fixed component and using an auxiliary hydraulic cylinder to control the distance between the movable component and the fixed component. At the same time, a controller is set to automatically control the action of the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder according to the digging operation conditions to achieve automatic adjustment of the connecting rod length. The length self-adjusting linkage adjustment method of the present invention, when digging difficulties occur, collects the extension length of the bucket cylinder twice by the bucket cylinder displacement sensor, compares the extension length S'' of the bucket cylinder in the second digging stroke with the extension length S' of the bucket cylinder in the previous digging stroke, and divides the case into two situations according to whether S'' exceeds S', calculates the corresponding displacement distance of the auxiliary cylinder according to the formula, and the controller outputs a signal to drive the hydraulic valve, so that the auxiliary cylinder drives the movable component of the linkage to extend or retract, thereby lengthening or shortening the linkage, thus realizing two working conditions: increasing the bucket digging force or increasing the digging range. The excavator of the present invention replaces the original fixed-length connecting rod in the four-bar linkage structure of the excavator's boom with the length-adjustable connecting rod, and uses the automatic connecting rod length adjustment method to automatically adjust the length of the connecting rod in real time. This can simultaneously ensure the digging force and digging range requirements, or adapt to changing the bucket to different attachments. Thus, without changing the connecting rod, the excavator can quickly adapt to different digging operation conditions, improve digging efficiency, and reduce costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a standard connecting rod assembly diagram for an excavator.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a length-adjustable connecting rod according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the movable component structure of a length-adjustable connecting rod according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing component structure of a length self-adjusting connecting rod according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is an assembly diagram of a length-adjustable connecting rod according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a length-adjustable connecting rod according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of an adjustment method for a length-adjustable connecting rod according to the present invention.

[0024] in: Active component 1, fixed component 2, auxiliary cylinder 3, bucket cylinder 4, bucket 5, controller 6, bucket cylinder pressure sensor 7, bucket cylinder displacement sensor 8, auxiliary cylinder displacement sensor 9, hydraulic valve 10, hinge sleeve A11, base 12, rocker arm 13, hinge sleeve B21, extension arm 22, slot 23. Detailed Implementation Example 1

[0025] See Figures 2-6 The present invention relates to a length self-adjusting linkage for connecting a bucket cylinder 4 and a bucket 5, comprising a movable component 1 and a fixed component 2, an auxiliary cylinder 3 for hingedly connecting the two components and controlling the distance between the two components, and a controller 6 for controlling the action of the auxiliary cylinder 3. The movable component 1 includes a hinged sleeve A11 and a base 12 connected to the hinged sleeve A11; the base 12 is U-shaped at its end and is connected to two hinged sleeves A11 arranged coaxially. The hinged sleeves A11 are hinged to the bucket cylinder 4 and the rocker arm 13 through pins. The fixing component 2 includes a hinged sleeve B21 that is hinged to the bucket 5 via a pin, and an extension arm 22 connected to the hinged sleeve B21; an extension arm 22 is connected to each end of the hinged sleeve B21; a slot 23 is provided on the inner side of each of the two extension arms 22, and the two sides of the base 12 are slidably embedded in the corresponding slots 23 of the two extension arms 22. The auxiliary cylinder 3 is hinged to the base 12 and the hinged sleeve B21 at both ends, respectively; The controller 6 is electrically connected to the bucket cylinder pressure sensor 7 and bucket cylinder displacement sensor 8 of the bucket cylinder 4, the auxiliary cylinder displacement sensor 9 of the auxiliary cylinder 3, and the hydraulic valve 10 that drives the auxiliary cylinder 3 to move. The controller 6 controls the auxiliary cylinder 3 in real time based on the working pressure and displacement signal of the bucket cylinder 4, and receives displacement signal feedback from the auxiliary cylinder 3. The extension or retraction of the auxiliary cylinder 3 can change the distance between the hinge sleeves A11 and B21 of the moving component 1 and the fixed component 2 in real time, so that the relative position of the hinge points at both ends of the connecting rod changes, realizing automatic adjustment of the connecting rod length. When encountering digging difficulties, the controller 6 controls the auxiliary cylinder 3 to extend, the hinge sleeve A11 moves away from the hinge sleeve B21, the connecting rod length increases, thereby increasing the thrust output of the four-bar linkage and improving the digging force of the bucket. When it is necessary to increase the digging range, the controller 6 controls the auxiliary cylinder 3 to retract, the hinge sleeve A11 moves closer to the hinge sleeve B21, the connecting rod length decreases, thereby increasing the range of motion of the bucket in the four-bar linkage and increasing the digging range of the bucket. Example 2

[0026] See Figure 7 The present invention relates to an adjustment method for a length self-adjusting link, which is based on the length self-adjusting link in Embodiment 1. The adjustment method is as follows: Step S1: The controller 6 determines whether the digging operation is experiencing difficulties by checking whether the hydraulic circuit of the bucket cylinder 4 overflows. If so, the following steps are continued; otherwise, the current state of the digging operation is maintained. Step S2: The controller 6 collects the extension length S' of the bucket cylinder 4 during the previous digging stroke through the bucket cylinder displacement sensor 8; Step S3: The controller 6 collects the extension length S'' of the bucket cylinder 4 during the last digging stroke through the bucket cylinder displacement sensor 8; Step S4: If S'' is less than or equal to S', then calculate the displacement distance L' of the auxiliary cylinder 3 according to the formula L'=S'' / S'*L, where L is the stroke of the auxiliary cylinder; Step S5: If S'' is greater than S', then calculate the displacement distance L'' of the auxiliary cylinder 3 according to the formula L''=(1-(S''-S') / (S-S'))*L, where S and L are the stroke of the bucket cylinder and the stroke of the auxiliary cylinder, respectively. In step S6, the controller 6 outputs a signal to control the hydraulic valve 10 to move. The hydraulic valve 10 drives the auxiliary cylinder 3 to move the corresponding displacement distance calculated in step S4 or S5. The auxiliary cylinder displacement sensor 9 feeds back the actual displacement distance of the auxiliary cylinder 3 to the controller 6, forming an action closed loop until the auxiliary cylinder 3 moves to the corresponding displacement distance calculated in step S4 or S5. Step S7: When the auxiliary cylinder 3 is displaced, it drives the movable component 1 away from or closer to the fixed component 2, thereby changing the length of the connecting rod. By utilizing the lever effect of the four-bar linkage structure on the excavator stick, the digging force and digging range of the bucket are changed accordingly. Step S8: Continue the excavation operation.

[0027] The length self-adjusting linkage adjustment method of the present invention, when digging difficulties occur during the digging process, collects the extension length S' and S'' of the bucket cylinder twice by the bucket cylinder displacement sensor 8. If S'' is less than or equal to S', that is, the extension length of the bucket cylinder 4 in the later digging stroke does not exceed the extension length of the bucket cylinder 4 in the previous digging stroke, the displacement distance of the auxiliary cylinder 3 is calculated based on the two extension lengths of the bucket cylinder 4, and the controller 6 outputs a signal to drive the hydraulic valve 10, so that the auxiliary cylinder 3 drives the movable component 1 of the linkage to extend, thereby lengthening the linkage and increasing the digging force to achieve digging; if S'' is greater than S', that is, the extension length of the bucket cylinder 4 in the later digging stroke exceeds the extension length of the bucket cylinder 4 in the previous digging stroke, the displacement distance of the auxiliary cylinder 3 is calculated based on the two extension lengths of the bucket cylinder 4, and the controller 6 outputs a signal to drive the hydraulic valve 10, so that the auxiliary cylinder 3 drives the movable component 1 to retract, thereby shortening the linkage and increasing the digging range; When digging resistance is high and digging is difficult, the digging force is increased by automatically reducing the length of the connecting rod to complete the digging action; when the digging range is insufficient, the length of the connecting rod can be increased to expand the digging range and enable digging at difficult angles or other construction operations; the automatic adjustment of the connecting rod length can simultaneously ensure the digging force and digging range requirements. Example 3

[0028] See Figure 5 The present invention relates to an excavator that replaces the original fixed-length connecting rod in the four-bar linkage structure of the excavator's boom with a length-adjustable connecting rod as described in Embodiment 1, and uses the automatic connecting rod length adjustment method of Embodiment 2 to automatically adjust the connecting rod length in real time. This can simultaneously ensure the digging force and digging range requirements, or adapt to changing the bucket to different attachments. Thus, without changing the connecting rod, the excavator can quickly adapt to different digging operation conditions, improve digging efficiency, and reduce costs.

[0029] Additionally, it should be noted that the above-described specific implementation is merely an optimized solution of this patent, and any modifications or improvements made by those skilled in the art based on the above concept are within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A length-adjustable connecting rod for connecting a bucket cylinder (4) and a bucket (5), characterized in that: Includes a movable component (1) and a fixed component (2), an auxiliary cylinder (3) that hinges the two components and controls the distance between the two components, and a controller (6) that controls the action of the auxiliary cylinder (3). The movable component (1) includes a hinged sleeve A (11) that is hinged to the bucket cylinder (4) via a pin, and a base (12) that is connected to the hinged sleeve A (11); the fixed component (2) includes a hinged sleeve B (21) that is hinged to the bucket (5) via a pin, and an extension arm (22) that is connected to the hinged sleeve B (21). The auxiliary cylinder (3) is hinged to the base (12) and the hinged sleeve B (21) at both ends respectively; the extension arm (22) is provided with a slot (23), and the side of the base (12) is slidably embedded in the slot (23); The controller (6) controls the action of the auxiliary cylinder (3) in real time according to the working pressure and displacement signal of the bucket cylinder (4), and receives the displacement signal feedback of the auxiliary cylinder (3).

2. The length-adjustable connecting rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (12) has a U-shaped end and is connected to two coaxially arranged hinged sleeves A (11).

3. The length-adjustable connecting rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the hinged sleeve B (21) are respectively connected to an extension arm (22), and the two sides of the base (12) are respectively slidably embedded in the corresponding slots (23) of the two extension arms (22).

4. The length-adjustable connecting rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (6) is electrically connected to the bucket cylinder pressure sensor (7) and bucket cylinder displacement sensor (8) of the bucket cylinder (4), the auxiliary cylinder displacement sensor (9) of the auxiliary cylinder (3), and the hydraulic valve (10) that drives the auxiliary cylinder (3) to move.

5. A method for adjusting a length-self-adjusting linkage, characterized in that: Based on the length-adjustable linkage of any one of claims 1 to 4, the adjustment method is as follows: Step S1: Determine whether the bucket encounters digging difficulties during digging. If so, continue with the following steps; otherwise, maintain the current digging operation. Step S2: Collect the extension length S' of the bucket cylinder (4) during the previous digging stroke; Step S3: Collect the extension length S'' of the bucket cylinder (4) during the last digging stroke; Step S4: If S'' is less than or equal to S', then calculate the displacement distance L' of the auxiliary cylinder (3) according to the formula L'=S'' / S'*L, where L is the stroke of the auxiliary cylinder; Step S5: If S'' is greater than S', then calculate the displacement distance L'' of the auxiliary cylinder (3) according to the formula L''=(1-(S''-S') / (S-S'))*L, where S and L are the stroke of the bucket cylinder and the stroke of the auxiliary cylinder, respectively. Step S6: The controller (6) outputs a signal to drive the auxiliary cylinder (3) to move the corresponding displacement distance calculated in step S4 or S5. Step S7: The auxiliary cylinder (3) drives the movable component (1) away from or closer to the fixed component (2), thereby changing the length of the connecting rod and causing the digging force and digging range to change accordingly. Step S8: Continue the excavation operation.

6. The adjustment method of the length self-adjusting linkage according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the controller (6) checks whether the hydraulic circuit of the bucket cylinder (4) overflows to determine whether the digging operation is difficult.

7. The adjustment method of the length self-adjusting linkage according to claim 5, characterized in that: In steps S2 and S3, the extension lengths S' and S'' of the bucket cylinder are collected by the bucket cylinder displacement sensor (8) and fed back to the controller.

8. The adjustment method of the length self-adjusting linkage according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S6, the controller (6) controls the hydraulic valve (10) to work, and the hydraulic valve (10) controls the displacement of the auxiliary cylinder (3), and the displacement distance is fed back to the controller (6) through the auxiliary cylinder displacement sensor (9).

9. The adjustment method of the length self-adjusting linkage according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S7, the length of the connecting rod of the four-bar linkage on the excavator boom changes, and the digging force and digging range of the bucket change accordingly.

10. An excavator, characterized in that: The excavator boom has a four-bar linkage structure equipped with a length-adjustable link according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the link length is automatically and in real time adjusted using any one of claims 5 to 9 to adapt to different excavation operation conditions of the excavator.

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