Building roof water film evaporation cooling system

Abstract

This invention relates to a roof evaporative cooling system, comprising a roof evaporative cooling terminal module and a circulating water supply and return module. The roof evaporative cooling terminal module is inclinedly installed above the building roof and includes, from bottom to top, an exhaust layer, an insulation layer, a phase change cold storage layer, a seepage-proof guide layer, and a flow guide layer. The flow guide layer has multiple honeycomb holes distributed to facilitate water flow from top to bottom, and its surface is covered with micro-grooves. An overflow trough is located at the high end of the building roof, and a water receiving trough is located at the low end. The circulating water supply and return module is connected to the overflow trough and the water receiving trough. The overflow water from the overflow trough forms a water film on the roof evaporative cooling terminal module. The water receiving trough collects any remaining water that has not evaporated from the roof evaporative cooling terminal module. The design is reasonable, with clear water supply, distribution, and return paths, forming a long-term stable closed-loop circulation. It also improves the uniformity of water distribution on the building roof, reduces local water accumulation, film breakage, or dry spots, and improves the evaporative heat exchange effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a water film evaporative cooling system for building roofs. Background Technology

[0002] Under the combined effects of high temperatures, heat waves, and the urban heat island effect, building roofs are exposed to strong solar radiation for extended periods, leading to a significant increase in roof surface temperature. This, in turn, increases indoor cooling load, accelerates thermal aging of the roof waterproofing layer, and reduces the durability of the building envelope. For building roofs with composite structures of insulation, waterproofing, and protective layers, excessively high roof temperatures or the inability to release moisture between layers can easily cause problems such as bulging, cracking, leakage, and degradation of thermal performance.

[0003] While existing roof spraying or water-sprinkling cooling technologies can reduce roof temperature to some extent, they still generally have the following shortcomings: First, the water distribution method is relatively crude, and local water accumulation, membrane breakage, or dry spots are prone to occur on the roof surface; Second, when the water supply, return, and filtration paths are not clearly expressed or the structure is incomplete, it is difficult to form a long-term stable closed-loop cycle; Third, the water distribution uniformity of multi-layered roof structures is poor, resulting in an unsatisfactory evaporative heat exchange effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention addresses the problems existing in the prior art, namely, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a water film evaporation cooling system for building roofs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a building roof water film evaporative cooling system, comprising a roof evaporative cooling terminal module and a circulating water supply and return module. The roof evaporative cooling terminal module is inclinedly installed above the building roof. The roof evaporative cooling terminal module includes, from bottom to top, an exhaust layer, an insulation layer, a phase change cold storage layer, a seepage-proof guide layer, and a flow guide layer. The flow guide layer has multiple honeycomb holes distributed to facilitate water flow from top to bottom, and the surface of the flow guide layer has micro-grooves. An overflow trough is provided at the high end of the building roof, and a water receiving trough is provided at the low end. The outlet end of the circulating water supply and return module is connected to the overflow trough, and the overflow water from the overflow trough forms a water film on the roof evaporative cooling terminal module. The water receiving trough collects the remaining water that has not evaporated on the roof evaporative cooling terminal module and is connected to the inlet end of the circulating water supply and return module.

[0006] Furthermore, the exhaust layer is made of a three-dimensional drainage mesh core; the insulation layer is made of an insulation board; the phase change cold storage layer includes a honeycomb-shaped carrier layer, each inner pore of the carrier layer is provided with a phase change microcapsule, the phase change microcapsule contains a phase change material; the seepage-proof flow guiding layer is a seepage-proof flow guiding membrane; the flow guiding layer is made of a honeycomb flow guiding plate, each honeycomb hole of the honeycomb flow guiding plate is connected in the vertical direction to facilitate the flow of water to the seepage-proof flow guiding membrane; the micro-grooves are distributed on the upper surface of the honeycomb flow guiding plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the bottom of the insulation board is provided with multiple horizontally and vertically distributed exhaust channels, which together with the three-dimensional drainage mesh core form an exhaust channel; a one-way breather valve is provided at the edge of the building roof, and the one-way breather valve is connected to the exhaust channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper surface or the overall thickness direction of the insulation board is provided with a micro-slope structure; the bottom of the honeycomb holes of the honeycomb guide plate is provided with a drainage slope.

[0009] Furthermore, the overflow trough has a rectangular cross-section, and the bottom of the overflow trough is provided with an inlet that is connected to the outlet of the circulating water supply and return module. A long outlet trough is opened at the lower end of the side wall of the overflow trough facing the roof evaporative cooling terminal module. An overflow baffle is vertically fixed on the outlet side of the long outlet trough, and multiple overflow ports are evenly distributed at intervals along the length of the lower end of the overflow baffle. The multiple overflow ports are distributed in a sawtooth pattern.

[0010] Furthermore, an energy dissipation component is provided between the water outlet trough and the overflow baffle. The energy dissipation component includes several parallel water-blocking energy dissipation plates, and water-passing holes are provided on the water-blocking energy dissipation plates along the thickness direction.

[0011] Furthermore, atomizing nozzles are installed at the high end of the building roof, and the atomizing nozzles are connected to the outlet end of the circulating water supply and return module.

[0012] Furthermore, the circulating water supply and return module includes an underground water storage tank, a variable frequency pump, a main water supply pipe, a spray branch pipe, a suction pipe, and a return collection pipe. The inlet end of the variable frequency pump is connected to the underground water storage tank through the suction pipe, and the outlet end of the variable frequency pump is connected to the overflow trough through the main water supply pipe. One end of the spray branch pipe is connected to the main water supply pipe, and the other end is connected to atomizing nozzles installed at the high end of the building roof. One end of the return collection pipe is connected to the drain hole at the bottom of the water receiving trough, and the other end is connected to the underground water storage tank.

[0013] Furthermore, the underground water storage tank is equipped with a photocatalytic filter membrane and an ultraviolet (UV) lamp, and / or a filtration and purification unit is installed on the return collection pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an environmental perception and control module, which includes a controller, a temperature sensor, and a comprehensive sensor. The temperature sensor is used to collect roof surface temperature data, and the comprehensive sensor is used to collect wind speed and humidity data. The controller adjusts the working status of the variable frequency pump and the atomizing nozzle according to the temperature, humidity, wind speed, and preset control thresholds.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects: The present invention is reasonably designed, with clear water supply path, water distribution path and return path, which can form a long-term stable closed loop circulation. At the same time, it can improve the uniformity of water distribution on the building roof, reduce the occurrence of local water accumulation, membrane breakage or dry spots, and improve the evaporative heat exchange effect. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the roof evaporative cooling terminal module in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the combination of the exhaust layer and the insulation layer in this invention; Figure 5 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the insulation layer structure in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the seepage-proof guide layer and the guide layer in this invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the overflow channel in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the overflow channel in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the roof evaporative cooling terminal module in this invention.

[0017] In the picture: 1-Roof evaporative cooling terminal module; 2-Building roof; 3-Overflow channel; 4-Water collection channel; 5-Exhaust layer; 6-Insulation layer; 7-Phase change cold storage layer; 8-Impermeable flow guiding layer; 9-Flow guiding layer; 10-Roof base layer; 11-Honeycomb holes; 12-Microgrooving; 13-Three-dimensional drainage mesh core; 14-Insulation board; 15-Exhaust channel; 16-One-way breather valve; 17-Carrier layer; 18-Phase change microcapsule; 19-Impermeable flow guiding membrane; 20-Honeycomb flow guiding layer 21-Drainage slope; 22-Limiting frame; 23-Outlet trough; 24-Overflow baffle; 25-Overflow outlet; 26-Water-blocking and energy-dissipating plate; 27-Water passage hole; 28-Atomizing nozzle; 29-Underground water storage tank; 30-Variable frequency pump; 31-Main water supply pipe; 32-Spray branch pipe; 33-Suction pipe; 34-Return collection pipe; 35-Ultraviolet UV lamp; 36-Controller; 37-Temperature sensor; 38-Comprehensive sensor; 39-Water film. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0020] like Figures 1-10 As shown, this invention discloses a roof evaporative cooling system comprising a roof evaporative cooling terminal module and a circulating water supply and return module. The roof evaporative cooling terminal module is inclinedly positioned above an inclined roof. An overflow channel is located at the high end of the roof, and a water receiving channel is located at the low end. The outlet of the circulating water supply and return module is connected to the overflow channel, and the overflow water forms a water film on the roof evaporative cooling terminal module. The water receiving channel collects any remaining unevaporated water from the roof evaporative cooling terminal module and is connected to the inlet of the circulating water supply and return module. The circulating water supply and return module supplies water to the roof evaporative cooling terminal module, causing an evaporative water film to form on the upper part of the roof, achieving evaporative heat exchange. Simultaneously, the circulating water supply and return module recovers any remaining unevaporated water for reuse.

[0021] In this embodiment, the roof evaporative cooling terminal module includes, from bottom to top, an exhaust layer, an insulation layer, a phase change cold storage layer, a seepage-proof guide layer, and a flow guide layer. The exhaust layer is installed on the roof base layer of the building roof. The flow guide layer has multiple honeycomb holes distributed on it to facilitate water flow from top to bottom, and its surface is covered with microgrooves. Through the honeycomb holes and microgrooves on the flow guide layer, the water supplied by the circulating water supply and return module forms a water film on the flow guide layer.

[0022] In this embodiment, the exhaust layer is made of a three-dimensional drainage mesh core, which is a three-dimensional multi-directional ventilation structure. The preferred thickness is 3 to 10 mm, and the more preferred thickness is about 5 mm. It is used for exhausting air under the insulation layer.

[0023] In this embodiment, the insulation layer is made of multiple insulation boards spliced ​​together, and the insulation boards are laid on top of the three-dimensional drainage mesh core. It is preferably made of EPS, XPS or other low water absorption insulation materials.

[0024] In this embodiment, the bottom of the insulation board is provided with multiple horizontally and vertically distributed venting channels, which are interconnected and together with the three-dimensional drainage mesh core form an exhaust channel. A one-way breather valve is provided at the edge of the building roof, and the one-way breather valve is connected to the exhaust channel to release moisture accumulated in the insulation layer and between adjacent layers. Furthermore, the cross-section of the venting channel is V-shaped, and the venting channel width is preferably 5–10 mm. It should be noted that adjacent insulation boards are preferably connected by tongue and groove joints, mortise and tenon joints, or staggered joints to improve the stability of the board connection and maintain the continuity of the venting channels.

[0025] In this embodiment, the upper surface or the overall thickness direction of the insulation board is provided with a micro-slope structure so that the roof evaporative cooling terminal module forms a guiding slope from the high end to the low end, reducing water accumulation.

[0026] In this embodiment, the phase change cold storage layer includes a honeycomb-shaped carrier layer, and each inner pore of the carrier layer is provided with a phase change microcapsule. The phase change microcapsule contains a phase change material, which is used to absorb part of the heat when the water supply is interrupted, the external temperature rises suddenly, or the evaporation efficiency decreases, so as to form a thermal buffer for the insulation layer and roof structure below.

[0027] In this embodiment, the impermeable flow-guiding layer consists of multiple impermeable flow-guiding membranes disposed above the carrier layer of the phase change cold storage layer. Preferably, it is an HDPE membrane layer or other thin film layer with water resistance and flow-guiding properties. The impermeable flow-guiding membranes prevent water from seeping downwards into the insulation layer and cooperate with the flow-guiding layer above to form a continuous flow-guiding support interface. Furthermore, an overlap portion is provided between adjacent impermeable flow-guiding membranes. The overlap portion is preferably sealed by hot-melt welding, adhesive sealing, or a sealant layer to improve the continuity of impermeability.

[0028] In this embodiment, the flow guiding layer is made of a honeycomb flow guiding plate, and each honeycomb hole of the honeycomb flow guiding plate is connected in the vertical direction to facilitate the flow of water to the impermeable flow guiding membrane; the micro-grooves are distributed on the upper surface of the honeycomb flow guiding plate. Further, each honeycomb hole of the honeycomb flow guiding plate is preferably a hexagonal unit with a side length of 10-20 mm and a height of 5-15 mm.

[0029] In this embodiment, a drainage slope is provided on the bottom periphery of the honeycomb holes of the honeycomb guide plate to facilitate better flow of water to the impermeable guide membrane.

[0030] In this embodiment, the four sides of each layer of the roof evaporative cooling terminal module are connected together by a limiting frame. The limiting frame has a horizontal U-shaped cross-section, and the edges of each layer extend into the limiting frame and are locked and fixed by fasteners. Figure 10 As shown. The three-dimensional drainage mesh core is preferably fixed to the roof base layer 14 by point bonding, strip bonding or mechanical anchoring; the phase change cold storage layer and the insulation board are preferably connected by adhesive bonding, hot pressing or laying and pressing.

[0031] In this embodiment, the overflow trough has a rectangular cross-section. The bottom of the overflow trough has an inlet connected to the outlet of the circulating water supply and return module. A long outlet trough is formed on the lower end of the side wall of the overflow trough facing the roof evaporative cooling terminal module. An overflow baffle is vertically fixed to the outlet side of the long outlet trough. Multiple overflow ports are evenly distributed along the length of the lower end of the overflow baffle, and these overflow ports are trapezoidal in shape and serrated. The serrated overflow ports are used to convert the water supply into an overflow flow evenly distributed along the high end of the roof, forming a continuous water film on the honeycomb guide plate. Furthermore, the height of the overflow ports is preferably 3–5 mm.

[0032] In this embodiment, an energy dissipation component is provided between the water outlet trough and the overflow baffle. The energy dissipation component includes several parallel water-blocking and energy-dissipating plates, each with a through-hole extending along its thickness. By setting up the water-blocking and energy-dissipating plates, the impact of incoming water is reduced, the outgoing water is evenly distributed, and the amount of water entering the honeycomb guide plate is stabilized.

[0033] In this embodiment, atomizing nozzles are installed at the high end of the building roof, and these nozzles are connected to the outlet of the circulating water supply and return module. Atomizing nozzles are also installed on both sides of the building roof. The nozzles are used to replenish water to the high end of the roof or to assist in atomizing water distribution.

[0034] In this embodiment, the circulating water supply and return module includes an underground water storage tank, a variable frequency pump, a main water supply pipe, spray branch pipes, a suction pipe, and a return collection pipe. The inlet of the variable frequency pump is connected to the underground water storage tank via the suction pipe, and the outlet of the variable frequency pump is connected to the overflow trough via the main water supply pipe. One end of the spray branch pipe is connected to the main water supply pipe, and the other end is connected to the atomizing nozzles installed at the high end of the building roof. One end of the return collection pipe is connected to the drain hole at the bottom of the water receiving trough, and the other end is connected to the underground water storage tank. During operation, the variable frequency pump draws water from the underground water storage tank through the suction pipe, and then delivers the water to the overflow trough 1 and atomizing nozzles at the high end of the roof via the main water supply pipe and spray branch pipes. The unevaporated residual water collected at the low end of the roof enters the return collection pipe and returns to the underground water storage tank along the return path, thus forming a closed-loop water circuit.

[0035] In this embodiment, a photocatalytic filter membrane and an ultraviolet (UV) lamp are installed in the underground water storage tank, and / or a filtration and purification unit is installed on the return collection pipe to remove suspended particles, algae, and microorganisms in the water, reduce the risk of nozzle clogging, and improve the reusability of the circulating water.

[0036] In another embodiment, an environmental sensing control module is also included. This module comprises a controller (e.g., a PLC), a temperature sensor, and a comprehensive sensor. The temperature sensor collects roof surface temperature data, and the comprehensive sensor collects wind speed and humidity data. The controller adjusts the operating status of the variable frequency pump and atomizing nozzles based on temperature, humidity, wind speed, and preset control thresholds. Specifically: when the roof surface temperature is higher than the start-up threshold T1, the controller starts the variable frequency pump, supplying water to the overflow trough and atomizing nozzles via the circulating water supply and return module; when the roof surface temperature is lower than the stop-down threshold T2, the controller puts the system into standby mode, where T2 is less than T1, to avoid frequent system start-ups and shutdowns. When ambient humidity increases, wind speed is too high, or the air enthalpy difference is in a range unfavorable for continuous evaporation, the controller adjusts the water supply by adjusting the variable frequency pump frequency and the atomizing nozzle duty cycle, keeping the water film on the honeycomb guide plate surface within a certain range, thereby reducing localized dry spots, excessive overflow, and water accumulation.

[0037] Working Principle: During operation, the variable frequency pump first draws circulating water from the underground water storage tank through the suction pipe, and then delivers the water to the overflow channel and atomizing nozzles at the high end of the roof through the main water supply pipe and spray branch pipes. The water supplied to the overflow channel overflows evenly after being buffered by the water-blocking and energy-dissipating plate, and then enters the surface of the honeycomb guide plate; the water supplied to the atomizing nozzles is used to replenish water in local areas or assist in water distribution, making the water inflow at the high end of the roof more uniform. The water entering the honeycomb guide plate spreads along the roof slope under the action of the drainage slope and micro-grooves, forming a water film layer. The water film layer evaporates during the heating process, taking away heat from the roof and thus reducing the roof surface temperature; the remaining water that has not evaporated is collected in the water receiving trough at the low end of the roof and then enters the return collection pipe, flowing back to the underground water storage tank. During system operation, the three-dimensional drainage mesh core and the venting groove on the bottom of the insulation board together form a venting channel, and the interlayer moisture is discharged through the one-way breathing valve; the phase change cold storage layer absorbs some heat when the evaporative cooling is weakened or when the water is stopped for a short time, so as to slow down the temperature rise of the roof.

[0038] The installation process is as follows: First, the roof base layer is cleaned and leveled; then, the three-dimensional drainage mesh core is laid and fixed to the roof base layer; insulation boards are laid on top of the three-dimensional drainage mesh core according to the predetermined slope, and adjacent boards are connected by splicing tongue and groove, tenon and mortise joints, or staggered overlaps, ensuring that the venting channels are connected to the three-dimensional drainage mesh core; then, a phase change cold storage layer is laid on top of the insulation boards, which includes a honeycomb carrier layer and phase change microcapsules set within the honeycomb carrier layer. A seepage-proof guiding membrane layer is laid on top of the phase change cold storage layer, and adjacent membrane layers are overlapped by hot-melt welding or sealed with a sealant layer; a honeycomb guiding plate is then laid on top. Overflow channels and atomizing nozzles are installed at the high end of the roof, and a water collection channel is installed at the low end of the roof and connected to the return collection pipe; the water collection channel and the return collection pipe are preferably connected by a flange connection, supplemented with a sealant layer and a waterproof flange seal. After installation, the controller, temperature sensor, integrated sensor and variable frequency pump are jointly tested to ensure that the water supply path, water distribution path and return path are consistent, and the water film thickness, return flow smoothness and node sealing of the system are checked under stable operation.

[0039] The advantages of this invention are: (1) The water supply path, water distribution path and return path are clear, and a closed loop consisting of “underground water storage tank - frequency conversion pump - high-end water distribution on the roof - low-end return on the roof - underground water storage tank” can be formed. The system operation logic is clear and easy to express in the attached drawings and implement in the project; (2) Through the synergistic effect of overflow channel, water blocking and energy dissipation plate, honeycomb guide plate, drainage slope and micro groove, the uniformity of water distribution on the roof can be improved and the water film can be stabilized, thereby improving the evaporative heat exchange effect; (3) Through the synergistic setting of three-dimensional drainage mesh core, insulation board and one-way breathing valve, the risk of moisture accumulation in the insulation layer and between layers can be reduced; Through the setting of phase change cold storage layer, a certain thermal buffer can be provided in the case of water supply fluctuation or extreme heat environment.

[0040] If this invention discloses or relates to components or structural parts that are fixedly connected to each other, then, unless otherwise stated, a fixed connection can be understood as: a fixed connection that can be detached (e.g., using bolts or screws), or a fixed connection that cannot be detached (e.g., riveting, welding). Of course, a fixed connection can also be replaced by an integral structure (e.g., manufactured in one piece using a casting process) (except where it is obviously impossible to use an integral molding process).

[0041] In addition, unless otherwise stated, the terms used in any of the technical solutions disclosed in this invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include states or shapes that are similar to, close to, or approximate with those states or shapes.

[0042] Any component provided by this invention can be assembled from multiple individual components or can be a single component manufactured by a one-piece molding process.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A water film evaporative cooling system for building roofs, characterized in that: The system includes a roof evaporative cooling terminal module and a circulating water supply and return module. The roof evaporative cooling terminal module is inclinedly installed above the building roof. The module comprises, from bottom to top, an exhaust layer, an insulation layer, a phase change cold storage layer, a seepage-proof guide layer, and a flow guide layer. The flow guide layer has multiple honeycomb holes to facilitate water flow from top to bottom, and its surface is covered with micro-grooves. An overflow trough is located at the high end of the roof, and a water receiving trough is located at the low end. The outlet of the circulating water supply and return module is connected to the overflow trough, and the overflow water forms a water film on the roof evaporative cooling terminal module. The water receiving trough collects any remaining unevaporated water from the roof evaporative cooling terminal module and is connected to the inlet of the circulating water supply and return module.

2. The building roof water film evaporative cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust layer is made of a three-dimensional drainage mesh core; the insulation layer is made of an insulation board; the phase change cold storage layer includes a honeycomb-shaped carrier layer, each inner pore of the carrier layer is provided with a phase change microcapsule, the phase change microcapsule contains a phase change material; the seepage-proof flow guiding layer is a seepage-proof flow guiding membrane; the flow guiding layer is made of a honeycomb flow guiding plate, each honeycomb hole of the honeycomb flow guiding plate is connected in the vertical direction to facilitate the flow of water to the seepage-proof flow guiding membrane; The micro-grooves are distributed on the upper surface of the honeycomb guide plate.

3. The building roof water film evaporative cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the insulation board is provided with multiple horizontally and vertically distributed exhaust channels, which together with the three-dimensional drainage mesh core form an exhaust channel; a one-way breather valve is provided at the edge of the building roof, and the one-way breather valve is connected to the exhaust channel.

4. The building roof water film evaporative cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface or the overall thickness direction of the insulation board is provided with a micro-slope structure; the bottom of the honeycomb holes of the honeycomb guide plate is provided with a drainage slope.

5. The building roof water film evaporative cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overflow trough has a rectangular cross-section. The bottom of the overflow trough is provided with an inlet that connects to the outlet of the circulating water supply and return module. A long outlet trough is provided on the lower end of the side wall of the overflow trough facing the roof evaporative cooling terminal module. An overflow baffle is fixed vertically on the outlet side of the long outlet trough. Multiple overflow ports are evenly distributed at intervals along the length of the lower end of the overflow baffle. The multiple overflow ports are distributed in a sawtooth pattern.

6. The building roof water film evaporative cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that: An energy dissipation component is provided between the water outlet trough and the overflow baffle. The energy dissipation component includes several parallel water-blocking energy dissipation plates, and water passage holes are provided on the water-blocking energy dissipation plates along the thickness direction.

7. The building roof water film evaporative cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high end of the building roof is equipped with atomizing nozzles, which are connected to the outlet of the circulating water supply and return module.

8. The building roof water film evaporative cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating water supply and return module includes an underground water storage tank, a variable frequency pump, a main water supply pipe, a spray branch pipe, a suction pipe, and a return collection pipe. The inlet of the variable frequency pump is connected to the underground water storage tank through the suction pipe, and the outlet of the variable frequency pump is connected to the overflow trough through the main water supply pipe. One end of the spray branch pipe is connected to the main water supply pipe, and the other end is connected to atomizing nozzles installed at the high end of the building roof. One end of the return collection pipe is connected to the drain hole at the bottom of the water receiving trough, and the other end is connected to the underground water storage tank.

9. The building roof water film evaporative cooling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The underground water storage tank is equipped with a photocatalytic filter membrane and ultraviolet (UV) lamps, and / or a filtration and purification unit is installed on the return collection pipe.

10. The building roof water film evaporative cooling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes an environmental perception and control module, which includes a controller, a temperature sensor, and a comprehensive sensor. The temperature sensor is used to collect roof surface temperature data, and the comprehensive sensor is used to collect wind speed and humidity data. The controller adjusts the working status of the variable frequency pump and the atomizing nozzle according to the temperature, humidity, wind speed, and preset control thresholds.

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