A new energy station simulation device, decoupling method, equipment and system

Abstract

This application discloses a simulation device, decoupling method, equipment, and system for new energy power plants, relating to the field of power grid decoupling technology. Each DC-side circuit model is assigned to its corresponding first acceleration unit for computation. All sub-filter circuit models of the filter circuit model are assigned to a second acceleration unit for computation. This overcomes the limitations of computing power in a single acceleration unit and the number of subsequent I / O hardware interfaces. The first decoupling unit decouples the DC-side and AC-side filter circuit models of each converter, avoiding numerical oscillations. Assigning the filter circuit models to the second acceleration unit avoids filtering out high-frequency information, ensuring the decoupling of high-frequency information. The input of the second decoupling unit is connected to the output of each sub-filter circuit model, and the output of the second decoupling unit is connected to each busbar in the model of the power plant's line equipment. The second decoupling unit decouples the converter group units and the power plant's line equipment, achieving simulation decoupling and improving simulation accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power grid decoupling technology, and in particular to a new energy power station simulation device, decoupling method, equipment and system. Background Technology

[0002] New energy power plants have numerous converters and large-scale circuits, exhibiting complex coupling characteristics across multiple time scales, including subsynchronous, supersynchronous, and power electronic switching processes. Traditional methods for simulating and analyzing new energy power plants fall into two categories: First, merging and modeling the converter group into equivalent models. While this saves computational resources, it neglects the line coupling between converters, leading to numerical oscillations. Second, using a converter averaging model, although improving simulation efficiency, actively filters out high-frequency information, resulting in insufficient accuracy when analyzing high-frequency dynamics and a decrease in simulation accuracy.

[0003] Therefore, how to improve simulation efficiency, accuracy, and save computing resources while considering circuit coupling is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a new energy power station simulation device, decoupling method, equipment and system to solve the problems of numerical oscillation and simulation efficiency caused by line coupling between converters.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this application provides a new energy power station simulation device, comprising a power station line device and various converter group units; the model of each converter group unit includes a DC-side circuit model of each converter, a first decoupling unit, a filter circuit model, and a second decoupling unit; each DC-side circuit model is configured with a corresponding first acceleration unit; the filter circuit model is configured with a second acceleration unit; each DC-side circuit model is connected to a converter controller via an I / O interface. Each DC-side circuit model, each first decoupling unit, and each sub-filter circuit model within the filter circuit model correspond one-to-one and are connected sequentially. Each first decoupling unit is used to decouple the corresponding DC-side circuit model from the corresponding sub-filter circuit model, so as to allocate the model parameters of the grid-side converter model constructed after decoupling to the second acceleration unit and the corresponding first acceleration unit. The input of the second decoupling unit is connected to the output of each sub-filter circuit model, and the output is connected to each busbar in the model of the station line device.

[0006] On one hand, the first decoupling unit includes a DC-side equivalent circuit and an AC-side equivalent circuit; wherein, in the DC-side equivalent circuit, the converter is equivalent to a controlled current source constructed from the historical value of the AC-side current; and in the AC-side equivalent circuit, the converter is equivalent to a circuit in series between a controlled voltage source constructed from the historical value of the DC-side voltage and a resistor.

[0007] On the other hand, the DC-side equivalent circuit is a two-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit; both ends of the first controlled current source of the two-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit are connected to the DC-side circuit model.

[0008] On the other hand, the DC-side equivalent circuit is a three-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit; The second and third controlled current sources of the three-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit are connected in series, and their two ends are respectively connected to the DC-side circuit.

[0009] On the other hand, the AC-side equivalent circuit includes a first controlled voltage source and a second controlled voltage source; The first terminal of the first controlled voltage source is connected to the first terminal of the first phase sub-filter circuit model; the second terminal of the first controlled voltage source is connected to the first terminal of the second phase sub-filter circuit model and the first terminal of the second controlled voltage source; the second terminal of the second controlled voltage source is connected to the first terminal of the third phase sub-filter circuit model; the second terminals of the first phase sub-filter circuit model, the second phase sub-filter circuit model, and the third phase sub-filter circuit model are respectively connected.

[0010] On the other hand, when the DC-side equivalent circuit is a two-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit, the decoupling process of the first decoupling unit includes: Obtain the simulation step size and the previous simulation time from the current simulation time; The second voltage values ​​corresponding to the first and second controlled voltage sources are determined based on the switching function of the three-phase bridge arm and the first voltage value of the first controlled current source at the previous simulation time. The second current value of the equivalent first controlled current source is determined based on the second voltage source and the first current value corresponding to each of the three phase bridge arms at the previous simulation time. The second voltage value and the second current value are used as model parameters of the grid-side converter model and allocated to the second acceleration unit and the corresponding first acceleration unit.

[0011] On the other hand, during the decoupling process of the second decoupling unit, the converter group unit is treated as the converter-side system, and the substation line equipment is treated as the grid-side system; the rate interaction process between the converter-side system and the grid-side system under the second decoupling unit at the current simulation moment includes: The current first state variable, calculated by the simulation step size corresponding to the sub-simulation time of each simulation time of the converter-side system, is mapped to the input parameters required by the grid-side system through interpolation. The current second state variable, calculated by multiplying the simulation step size by an integer multiple of the grid-side system at the simulation time, is mapped to the input parameters required by the converter-side system through interpolation.

[0012] On the other hand, the current first state variable, calculated by the simulation step size corresponding to the sub-simulation time of each simulation time of the converter-side system, is mapped to the input parameters required by the grid-side system through interpolation, including: Obtain the first simulation step size and the propagation delay at the current simulation moment of the power grid-side system; The system obtains a first historical state variable corresponding to the propagation delay at the current simulation moment of the grid-side system and a second historical state variable corresponding to the propagation delay at the current simulation moment of the converter-side system. The first historical state variable is obtained by interpolating the previous first historical state variable at the previous simulation moment of the grid-side system with the first historical state variable at the current simulation moment. The second historical state variable is obtained by interpolating the previous second historical state variable at the previous simulation moment of the converter-side system with the second historical state variable at the current simulation moment. The current first state variable at the current simulation moment is determined based on the first historical state variable and the second historical state variable, so as to map the input parameters of the converter-side system according to the current first state variable.

[0013] On the other hand, the current second state variable, calculated using integer multiples of the simulation step size corresponding to the grid-side system at the simulation time, is mapped to the required input parameters of the converter-side system through interpolation, including: Obtain the second simulation step size and propagation delay of the sub-simulation time in the current simulation time of the converter-side system; The third historical state variable corresponding to the propagation delay at the sub-simulation time of the converter-side system and the fourth historical state variable corresponding to the propagation delay at the sub-simulation time of the grid-side system are obtained; wherein, the third historical state variable and the fourth historical state variable are obtained by internal interpolation based on the historical state variables at the second simulation step time corresponding to integer multiples of their respective side systems; The current second state variable at the current sub-simulation moment is determined based on the third and fourth historical state variables, so as to map the input parameters of the power grid system according to the second state variable.

[0014] On the other hand, the first acceleration unit and the second acceleration unit have the same unit type.

[0015] On the other hand, each of the first acceleration units and the second acceleration units are connected through a communication interface.

[0016] On the other hand, the second decoupling unit is constructed from a π-type equivalent circuit; the π-type equivalent circuit includes a first fictitious capacitor, a second fictitious capacitor, a first leakage inductance, and a first resistor; wherein, the π-type equivalent circuit is a three-phase circuit to construct an equivalent transmission line model, and a first fictitious capacitor, a second fictitious capacitor, a first leakage inductance, and a first resistor constitute a phase circuit. The first terminal of each first virtual capacitor is connected to the secondary side of the transformer and to the first terminal of the first leakage inductance; the second terminal of each first virtual capacitor is grounded; the second terminal of the first leakage inductance is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor; the second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the first terminal of the second virtual capacitor and to the sub-filter circuit model; the second terminal of the second virtual capacitor is grounded.

[0017] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides a decoupling method based on a new energy power station simulation device, applied to the aforementioned new energy power station simulation device, the method comprising: Obtain the DC-side circuit model of the converter and the corresponding sub-filter circuit model for each first decoupling unit; The DC-side circuit model of the converter and the sub-filter circuit model are decoupled by each first decoupling unit, so that the model parameters of the grid-side converter model constructed after decoupling are allocated to the second acceleration unit and the corresponding first acceleration unit.

[0018] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides a decoupling device based on a new energy power station simulation device, applied to the aforementioned new energy power station simulation device, the device comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire the DC-side circuit model of the converter and the corresponding sub-filter circuit model of each first decoupling unit; The first decoupling processing module is used to decouple the DC-side circuit model of the converter and the sub-filter circuit model through each first decoupling unit, so as to allocate the model parameters of the grid-side converter model constructed after decoupling to the second acceleration unit and the corresponding first acceleration unit.

[0019] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides a distributed simulation system for new energy power stations, including a simulator and the aforementioned new energy power station simulation device, wherein the simulator includes a first acceleration unit and a second acceleration unit; Each of the first acceleration units of the simulator is configured with a DC-side circuit model of the new energy power station simulation device; the second acceleration unit is configured with a filter circuit model; the first acceleration unit and the second acceleration unit are connected.

[0020] This application provides a simulation device for a new energy power station. Firstly, each converter group unit includes a DC-side circuit model corresponding to each converter, a first decoupling unit, a filter circuit model, and a second decoupling unit. Each DC-side circuit model is configured with a corresponding first acceleration unit, and the filter circuit model is configured with a second acceleration unit. Each DC-side circuit model is connected to the physical controller of the converter via an I / O interface to simulate the converter's operating state and faults. The entire simulation device is divided into two parts: the power station line device and each converter group unit, enabling the configuration of multiple converter groups and increasing the scale of the small-step refined model. Furthermore, the entire simulation device is placed in the acceleration unit for simulation calculation to improve simulation efficiency. Secondly, each DC-side circuit model, each first decoupling unit, and the sub-filter circuit model of the filter circuit model correspond one-to-one and are connected sequentially, thus assigning each converter's DC-side circuit model to its corresponding first acceleration unit for calculation. In this application, all sub-filter circuit models of the filter circuit model are assigned to the second acceleration unit for computation. Compared to the conventional approach where the DC-side circuit model and its corresponding sub-filter circuit models are all assigned to the same acceleration unit after passing through the first decoupling unit, this application considers the compact electrical coupling connections of all sub-filter circuit models in the filter circuit model. The conventional approach severely compromises the high-frequency coupling characteristics between converters. Therefore, this application assigns all electrically coupled sub-filter circuit models to the second acceleration unit to achieve lossless high-frequency coupling characteristics between converters. While achieving high-frequency coupling of the filter circuit model, it also assigns computation to multiple acceleration units, overcoming the limitations of a single acceleration unit's computing power and the number of subsequent I / O hardware interfaces, enabling flexible expansion of the simulation circuit scale. Furthermore, each first decoupling unit is used to decouple the corresponding DC-side circuit model and its corresponding sub-filter circuit model, achieving decoupling between each converter's DC-side circuit model and AC-side filter circuit model. The decoupled first parameters are then assigned to the second acceleration unit and the corresponding first acceleration unit. A distributed simulation architecture is adopted for each converter group. The simulation step size is sub-microsecond through the calculation and processing of the decoupled second parameters by the first and second acceleration units, improving simulation efficiency and saving computational resources. For line coupling between converters, this application uses a first decoupling unit to decouple the DC-side and AC-side filter circuit models of each converter, avoiding numerical oscillations. The filter circuit model is assigned to the second acceleration unit to avoid filtering out high-frequency information and ensure the decoupling of high-frequency information. Finally, the input of the second decoupling unit is connected to the output of each sub-filter circuit model, and the output of the second decoupling unit is connected to each busbar in the model of the station line equipment. This allows for flexible expansion of converter group units on the station line equipment while using the second decoupling unit to decouple the converter group units and the station line equipment, achieving simulation decoupling and improving simulation accuracy.In summary, the aforementioned new energy power station simulation device enables hardware-in-the-loop simulation of a converter group connected by short cables and with tight electrical coupling.

[0021] In addition, this application also provides a decoupling method, device, and system based on a new energy power station simulation device, which has the same beneficial effects as the aforementioned new energy power station simulation device. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a new energy power station simulation device provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall system architecture of a new energy power station provided in this application embodiment; Figure 3 This application provides a structural diagram of a DC-side equivalent circuit, specifically a two-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit, as shown in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 A structural diagram of a three-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit provided in this application embodiment; Figure 5 A structural diagram of an AC-side equivalent circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This application provides a schematic diagram of a rate decoupling interface data interaction. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second decoupling unit corresponding to a π-type equivalent circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a decoupling model based on a step-up transformer provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating a decoupling method based on a new energy power station simulation device, provided for embodiments of this application; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a decoupling device based on a new energy power station simulation device provided in this application embodiment; Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0025] The core of this application is to provide a new energy power station simulation device, decoupling method, equipment and system to solve the problems of numerical oscillation and simulation efficiency caused by line coupling between converters.

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] New energy power plants have numerous converters and large circuit scales, exhibiting complex coupling characteristics across multiple time scales, including subsynchronous, supersynchronous, and power electronic switching processes. The short wiring distances between new energy converters and the tight coupling across different frequency bands necessitate constructing a full-order refined model that considers the power electronic switching characteristics, placing extremely high demands on simulation hardware resources. Traditionally, simulation analysis of new energy power plants has employed either merging and equivalent modeling of the converter group, which significantly saves computational resources but ignores the line coupling between converters and may introduce numerical oscillations, or using converter averaging models, which improves simulation efficiency but is unsuitable for high-frequency characteristic analysis applications. The new energy power plant simulation device provided in this application solves the aforementioned technical problems.

[0028] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a new energy power station simulation device provided in this application embodiment is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes a station line device 1 and various converter group units; the model of each converter group unit includes a DC side circuit model 2 of each converter, a first decoupling unit 3, a filter circuit model 4, and a second decoupling unit 5; each DC side circuit model 2 is configured with a corresponding first acceleration unit; the filter circuit model 4 is configured with a second acceleration unit; each DC side circuit model 2 is connected to the converter controller 6 through an IO interface. Each DC-side circuit model 2, each first decoupling unit 3, and each sub-filter circuit model 4 in the filter circuit model 4 correspond one-to-one and are connected in sequence; each first decoupling unit 3 is used to decouple the corresponding DC-side circuit model 2 from the corresponding sub-filter circuit model 4, so as to allocate the model parameters of the grid-side converter model constructed after decoupling to the second acceleration unit and the corresponding first acceleration unit for simulation processing. The input terminal of the second decoupling unit 5 is connected to the output terminal of each sub-filter circuit model 4, and the output terminal is connected to each bus line in the model of the station line device 1.

[0029] It should be noted that, Figure 2 A general system architecture diagram of a new energy power station is provided for embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the power plant's power line system is a real-time electromagnetic transient simulation model of the various busbars from the public power grid to the renewable energy power plant. The simulation step size is typically tens of microseconds, and the calculations are performed by a high-performance central processing unit (CPU). The power plant's power line system consists of the public power grid, transmission lines, main transformers, and various busbars. The simulation of each converter group unit involves connecting multiple parallel converter units to the common access point of the various busbars in the power plant. The simulation testing of the entire simulation device is completed by the first acceleration unit and the second acceleration unit.

[0030] Each DC-side circuit model, each first decoupling unit, and each sub-filter circuit model of each converter group unit correspond one-to-one and are connected in sequence. That is, each converter DC-side circuit model is connected to the DC-side port of the corresponding first decoupling unit; and each first decoupling unit AC-side port is connected to the first end of the corresponding sub-filter circuit model.

[0031] Each DC-side circuit model is configured with a corresponding first acceleration unit. These acceleration units can be hardware acceleration devices, whose parallel computing capabilities and high-speed data processing performance make them particularly suitable for real-time simulation scenarios. The DC-side circuit model plays a crucial role in power transmission and distribution in renewable energy power plants, and its electrical characteristics primarily require high stability in voltage and current. Due to the fluctuations in the output power of renewable energy generation units (such as photovoltaic arrays and wind turbines), the DC-side circuit model needs to have rapid response capabilities to maintain voltage stability while minimizing the impact of ripple on system performance. Furthermore, the current characteristics of the DC-side circuit model typically exhibit nonlinear and intermittent changes, which places stringent demands on the real-time performance and accuracy of the control system. For example, in large-scale renewable energy power plants, even small fluctuations in DC-side voltage can trigger a chain reaction, leading to system instability or equipment damage. Therefore, the control requirements of the DC-side circuit model not only include precise regulation of voltage and current but also the ability to rapidly adapt to complex operating conditions to ensure the reliability and efficiency of system operation.

[0032] To meet the high real-time and high-precision control requirements of the DC-side circuit models, each DC-side circuit model needs to be configured with a corresponding Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) card. Firstly, the control algorithms of the DC-side circuit models are highly complex, involving multiple functions such as voltage regulation, power balancing, and fault protection. Implementing these algorithms requires substantial computing resources and parallel processing capabilities. FPGAs, with their hardware parallel computing advantages, can effectively handle the complex control algorithm requirements. Secondly, the DC-side circuit models involve a large amount of data processing, especially in scenarios with multi-energy system interaction. Real-time acquisition and processing of voltage, current, and other signals place higher demands on computing power. By configuring an independent FPGA card for each DC-side circuit model, fine-grained control of each circuit unit can be achieved, avoiding computational bottlenecks or latency issues caused by resource sharing. Furthermore, independently configuring FPGA cards also improves the system's flexibility and scalability, facilitating the optimization and upgrading of control algorithms according to actual needs.

[0033] The various sub-filter circuit models of the entire filter circuit model are allocated to the same second acceleration unit. The main reason why the filter circuit model needs to be allocated to a separate FPGA card is that its algorithm characteristics differ significantly from those of the DC-side circuit model. First, the filter circuit model places greater emphasis on real-time processing of high-frequency signals, which places extremely high demands on computational power and timing accuracy to cope with harmonic characteristic changes under different operating conditions. Second, the control simulation objectives of the filter circuit model and the DC-side circuit model conflict to some extent. If they share the same FPGA card, it may lead to resource contention and performance degradation. Therefore, by configuring a separate FPGA card for the filter circuit model, not only can efficient control algorithm deployment be achieved, but hardware resource utilization can also be optimized, thereby improving the overall system performance.

[0034] Experimental results show that the collaborative working mechanism of multiple FPGA cards can significantly improve the system's response speed and control accuracy, providing strong support for the efficient and stable operation of new energy power plants.

[0035] The circuit model simulation of the converter group has a sub-microsecond step size. It is simulated and computed on an FPGA board and connected to the physical controllers of each converter through input / output (IO) interface boards. This allows the circuit model corresponding to the entire converter group unit to be distributed to multiple acceleration unit boards for computation, and each board is responsible for interfacing with the corresponding physical controller. This overcomes the limitations of computing power and the number of IO hardware interfaces on a single FPGA board, thereby significantly expanding the circuit scale of hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation.

[0036] Each DC-side circuit model, each first decoupling unit, and the sub-filter circuit model within the filter circuit model correspond one-to-one and are connected sequentially. The DC-side circuit model is connected to the grid-side converter decoupling unit through a dedicated interface. This connection method can effectively isolate the electrical coupling between the DC side and the AC side, thereby improving the reliability and robustness of the overall system.

[0037] The first decoupling unit is used to decouple the corresponding DC-side circuit model from the corresponding sub-filter circuit model. Compared with the conventional converter aggregation model, this embodiment utilizes the physical isolation of hardware resources in conjunction with the line decoupling algorithm to break the strong coupling limitation of electrical nodes in traditional simulation. Line decoupling achieves true parallelization and modular allocation of computational tasks. The beneficial effects of this approach are: it not only avoids the simulation distortion caused by the traditional aggregation model neglecting the dynamic characteristics of local lines within the converter group, but also eliminates the algebraic loop problem of large-scale matrix solving through independent computation between FPGAs. Thus, while preserving the high-frequency transient details of the sub-filter circuit model, it significantly improves the computational speed and numerical stability of complex converter systems in real-time simulation. Compared with the conventional converter average model, which uses the switching period averaging assumption to filter out high-frequency switching ripple, resulting in inherent defects in analyzing high-frequency characteristics (such as harmonic coupling near the switching frequency, parasitic parameter effects, and fast transient response), this connection relationship, by preserving the complete topological details of the DC-side and filter circuit models and implementing distributed real-time computation, can effectively reproduce the dynamic interaction and spectral extension effects in the high-frequency band. It overcomes the limitation of the average model being blinded in the high-frequency band, enabling the simulation system to not only capture the fundamental dynamics, but also accurately characterize the oscillations and noise characteristics caused by high-frequency switching behavior, thus providing an irreplaceable and accurate model foundation for wide-frequency domain stability analysis and verification of high-bandwidth control strategies.

[0038] The input of the second decoupling unit is connected to the output of the sub-filter circuit model of each converter group, and is placed in the second acceleration unit. Its output is connected to each busbar in the model of the power grid line device, and is placed in a high-performance CPU. The second decoupling unit establishes an electrical connection between the output of the filter circuit and the input of the power grid line model, forming a simulation closed loop. Data exchange between the input and output of the second decoupling unit is achieved via a high-speed communication interface.

[0039] It should be noted that the connection relationship between the various devices in this embodiment is not a physical connection, but a virtual connection in the simulation process. The connection process can be realized by converting analog signals into digital signals.

[0040] This application provides a new energy power station simulation device. First, each converter group unit includes a DC-side circuit model corresponding to each converter, a first decoupling unit, a filter circuit model, and a second decoupling unit. Each DC-side circuit model is configured with a corresponding first acceleration unit, and the filter circuit model is configured with a second acceleration unit. Each DC-side circuit model is connected to the physical controller of the converter through an I / O interface to simulate the operating state and faults of the converter. The entire simulation device is divided into two parts: the power station line device and each converter group unit, realizing the configuration of multiple converter groups and increasing the scale of the small-step fine model. Furthermore, the entire simulation device is placed in the acceleration unit for simulation calculation to improve simulation efficiency. Second, each DC-side circuit model, each first decoupling unit, and the sub-filter circuit model of the filter circuit model correspond one-to-one and are connected sequentially, thus forming that the DC-side circuit model of each converter is assigned to its corresponding first acceleration unit for calculation. In this application, all sub-filter circuit models of the filter circuit model are assigned to the second acceleration unit for computation. Compared to the conventional approach where the DC-side circuit model and its corresponding sub-filter circuit models are all assigned to the same acceleration unit after passing through the first decoupling unit, this application considers the compact electrical coupling connections of all sub-filter circuit models in the filter circuit model. The conventional approach severely compromises the high-frequency coupling characteristics between converters. Therefore, this application assigns all electrically coupled sub-filter circuit models to the second acceleration unit to achieve lossless high-frequency coupling characteristics between converters. While achieving high-frequency coupling of the filter circuit model, it also assigns computation to multiple acceleration units, overcoming the limitations of a single acceleration unit's computing power and the number of subsequent I / O hardware interfaces, enabling flexible expansion of the simulation circuit scale. Furthermore, each first decoupling unit is used to decouple the corresponding DC-side circuit model and its corresponding sub-filter circuit model, achieving decoupling between each converter's DC-side circuit model and AC-side filter circuit model. The decoupled first parameters are then assigned to the second acceleration unit and the corresponding first acceleration unit. A distributed simulation architecture is adopted for each converter group. The simulation step size is sub-microsecond through the calculation and processing of the decoupled second parameters by the first and second acceleration units, improving simulation efficiency and saving computational resources. For line coupling between converters, this application uses a first decoupling unit to decouple the DC-side and AC-side filter circuit models of each converter, avoiding numerical oscillations. The filter circuit model is assigned to the second acceleration unit to avoid filtering out high-frequency information and ensure the decoupling of high-frequency information. Finally, the input of the second decoupling unit is connected to the output of each sub-filter circuit model, and the output of the second decoupling unit is connected to each busbar in the model of the station line equipment. This allows for flexible expansion of converter group units on the station line equipment while using the second decoupling unit to decouple the converter group units and the station line equipment, achieving simulation decoupling and improving simulation accuracy.In summary, the aforementioned new energy power station simulation device enables hardware-in-the-loop simulation of a converter group connected by short cables and with tight electrical coupling.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first decoupling unit includes a DC-side equivalent circuit and an AC-side equivalent circuit; wherein, in the DC-side equivalent circuit, the converter is equivalent to a controlled current source constructed from the historical values ​​of the AC-side current; and in the AC-side equivalent circuit, the converter is equivalent to a circuit in series between a controlled voltage source constructed from the historical values ​​of the DC-side voltage and a resistor.

[0042] Specifically, the first decoupling unit constructs a controlled source model using historical sampling data, thereby achieving bidirectional dynamic decoupling of the converter in HIL simulation. During the modeling of the DC-side equivalent circuit, the converter is equivalent to a controlled current source precisely constructed from historical AC-side current values. The control logic of this controlled current source generates corresponding DC-side charging and discharging current commands based on AC-side output current data collected within the previous simulation step or several steps, using specific mapping algorithms (such as coordinate transformation and proportional conversion). The advantage of this modeling method is that it accurately reflects the instantaneous impact of AC-side load changes on DC-side power balance, making the voltage fluctuation characteristics of the DC-side circuit model highly consistent with the real physical system, providing a high-precision current excitation source for the dynamic response simulation of DC-side energy storage components (such as capacitors).

[0043] In modeling the AC-side equivalent circuit, this embodiment equates the converter to a series circuit consisting of a controlled voltage source constructed from historical DC-side voltage values ​​and an equivalent resistor. The amplitude and phase of this controlled voltage source are adjusted in real time based on historical sampling values ​​of the DC-side voltage, simulating the supporting effect of the converter's DC bus voltage on the AC output potential. The series equivalent resistor is used to characterize the converter's internal impedance characteristics and line losses. By introducing historical DC-side voltage values ​​as control variables, this model can effectively capture the corresponding degradation or enhancement of AC-side output capability when the DC-side voltage drops or rises, thus realistically reproducing the converter's output characteristics under different DC operating conditions. This bidirectional equivalent modeling method based on historical values ​​not only ensures the physical realizability of the circuit parameters but also significantly improves the numerical stability of the simulation system, avoiding the numerical divergence problem that may occur in traditional ideal source models under extreme conditions.

[0044] The controlled current source in the DC-side equivalent circuit is connected to the DC-side circuit model (such as the DC bus capacitor) to drive the dynamic evolution of the DC-side circuit model; while the controlled voltage source in the AC-side equivalent circuit is connected in series with the resistor to the filter circuit model and the power grid station line model to simulate the behavior of the converter injecting power into the AC grid.

[0045] The equivalent circuit structure inside the first decoupling unit provided in this embodiment decomposes the originally tightly coupled AC / DC system into two relatively independent calculation modules: the calculation of the DC side circuit model mainly relies on the historical current data of the AC side, while the calculation of the AC side circuit mainly relies on the historical voltage data of the DC side. This decoupling mechanism allows the two modules to be allocated to different FPGA cards for parallel execution, greatly reducing the computational load of a single FPGA, while ensuring that the electrical quantity transfer at the AC / DC interface conforms to actual physical laws.

[0046] In some embodiments, the DC-side equivalent circuit is a two-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit; both ends of the first controlled current source of the two-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit are connected to the DC-side circuit model.

[0047] Specifically, Figure 3 The present application provides a structural diagram of a two-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit, which is an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the DC side of the converter is equivalent to a controlled current source constructed from the historical values ​​of the AC side current. u d The controlled current source is connected between the positive DC bus and the negative DC bus.

[0048] The DC-side equivalent circuit provided in this embodiment is the DC-side equivalent circuit of a two-level voltage source converter (VSC). Both ends of the first controlled current source of the two-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit are connected to the DC-side circuit model, simplifying the complex switching action into algebraic operations based on historical data. This not only significantly reduces the logic resource occupation of the FPGA, but also ensures the accuracy of the dynamic response of the DC-side capacitor voltage, enabling the simulation system to truly reflect the DC bus voltage drop and recovery process of the two-level converter under operating conditions such as start-up, shutdown, and load changes.

[0049] In some embodiments, the DC-side equivalent circuit is a three-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit; The second and third controlled current sources of the three-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit are connected in series, and their two ends are respectively connected to the DC-side circuit.

[0050] Figure 4 This application provides a structural diagram of a three-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit, as shown in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, the DC-side equivalent circuit of the first decoupling unit includes two controlled current sources (the second controlled current source). u d1 and the third controlled current source u d2These two controlled current sources are not simply symmetrical, but rather constructed based on the switching state combination of the three-level converter, using the historical values ​​of the AC side current and the midpoint current. Specifically, the amplitude of the positive controlled current source is determined by the current component flowing into the positive capacitor, and the amplitude of the negative controlled current source is determined by the current component flowing out of the negative capacitor; the difference between the two is the midpoint current.

[0051] The DC-side equivalent circuit provided in this embodiment is a three-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit. The second and third controlled current sources of the three-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit are connected in series, and their two ends are respectively connected to the DC-side circuit. This transforms the complex midpoint balance control of the three-level converter into analytical calculation of historical current data. This allows for high-precision simulation of the midpoint voltage fluctuation problem unique to the three-level topology, even with limited FPGA resources, providing a reliable simulation basis for studying midpoint potential control strategies.

[0052] In some embodiments, the AC-side equivalent circuit includes a first controlled voltage source and a second controlled voltage source; The first terminal of the first controlled voltage source is connected to the first terminal of the first phase sub-filter circuit model; the second terminal of the first controlled voltage source is connected to the first terminal of the second phase sub-filter circuit model and the first terminal of the second controlled voltage source; the second terminal of the second controlled voltage source is connected to the first terminal of the third phase sub-filter circuit model; the second terminals of the first phase sub-filter circuit model, the second phase sub-filter circuit model, and the third phase sub-filter circuit model are respectively connected.

[0053] Specifically, Figure 5 A structural diagram of an AC-side equivalent circuit provided in an embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the AC-side equivalent circuit of the first decoupling unit adopts a dual-controlled voltage source topology. This AC-side equivalent circuit uses a three-phase bridge topology, the core of which is to simulate the dynamic output characteristics of the converter by combining the first and second controlled voltage sources in series. The AC-side equivalent circuit includes three parallel bridge arm branches (corresponding to phases a, b, and c respectively). In each phase bridge arm branch, the first and second controlled voltage sources are connected in series. The common connection point (neutral point) of the three-phase AC-side equivalent circuit is grounded through a star-connected capacitor to simulate the zero-sequence loop characteristics. For each phase (taking phase a as an example), the current... i a The voltage flows in from the grid side, passing sequentially through the equivalent inductance, the bridge arm containing the first controlled voltage source, and the switching resistor Rsw. In this path, the first controlled voltage source (controlled by DC voltage) and the second controlled voltage source (controlled by AC current) are electrically connected in series and superimposed.

[0054] The connection relationship between the first and second controlled voltage sources in the AC-side equivalent circuit provided in this embodiment decouples the complex switching behavior of the converter into two independent linear controlled source models. The first controlled voltage source is responsible for reproducing the supporting effect of DC-side energy on AC potential, while the second controlled voltage source is responsible for reproducing the dynamic response of AC-side current on the converter's internal impedance. The combination of these two sources allows the equivalent circuit to accurately simulate fundamental power transmission and accurately capture the propagation characteristics of high-frequency switching ripple through the LC filter network on the right, thus solving the technical problem that traditional average models cannot analyze high-frequency resonance.

[0055] In some embodiments, when the DC-side equivalent circuit is a two-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit, the decoupling process of the first decoupling unit includes: Obtain the simulation step size and the previous simulation time from the current simulation time; The second voltage values ​​corresponding to the first and second controlled voltage sources are determined based on the switching function of the three-phase bridge arm and the first voltage value of the first controlled current source at the previous simulation time. The second current value of the equivalent first controlled current source is determined based on the second voltage source and the first current value corresponding to each of the three phase bridge arms at the previous simulation time. The second voltage value and the second current value are used as model parameters of the grid-side converter model and assigned to the second acceleration unit and the corresponding first acceleration unit.

[0056] Specifically, for a two-level VSC, at the current simulation time t The corresponding second voltage values ​​of the first and second controlled voltage sources are as follows: ; in, u d DC side voltage Δt For simulating step size, S i (i=a, b, c) is the switching function of the three-phase bridge arm. When the upper tube of the bridge arm is turned on... S i =1, otherwise S i =0; ; in, i a , i b , i c These are the three-phase output currents of the converter.

[0057] The calculation method for three-level VSC is similar and will not be repeated here.

[0058] The decoupling process performed under the VSC AC-side equivalent circuit and DC-side equivalent circuit structure provided in this embodiment can more directly reflect the potential difference between the three-phase bridge arms, enabling the three-phase output current to follow the changes in grid voltage without delay. This significantly reduces the phase error of the simulation system and improves the stability of the current closed-loop control. It successfully achieves technical breakthroughs in three dimensions: dynamic response speed, high-frequency characteristic reproduction, and fault condition stability of the three-phase output current, providing a high-precision current source model for broadband oscillation analysis and control strategy verification in new energy power plants.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first acceleration unit and the second acceleration unit have the same unit type.

[0060] Specifically, based on the first decoupling unit and the dual controlled source structure, this embodiment further specifies that the first acceleration unit and the second acceleration unit are the same type of hardware acceleration unit (e.g., both are Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), or both are Graphics Processing Units (GPUs)). Compared to using heterogeneous acceleration units, the first decoupling unit decouples the DC side from the AC side through a controlled source model, allowing the DC-side equivalent circuit and the AC-side equivalent circuit to be physically separated for computation.

[0061] If the first acceleration unit is an FPGA (excelling in logic control and nanosecond-level response) and the second acceleration unit is a GPU (excelling in massively parallel floating-point operations), data interaction between the two usually requires cross-platform communication via PCIe bus or Ethernet. This heterogeneous communication not only introduces microsecond-level or even millisecond-level transmission delays, but also requires complex driver protocol conversions, resulting in the inability to synchronize the historical values ​​required by the controlled source (such as historical values ​​of AC side current and DC side voltage) in real time.

[0062] When both the first and second acceleration units are FPGAs, they can communicate directly point-to-point via a high-speed serial interface (such as a fiber optic interface) or exchange data via shared memory. This homogeneous architecture eliminates the overhead of cross-platform protocol conversion, reducing communication latency to the nanosecond level.

[0063] The first and second acceleration units provided in this embodiment are of the same type, which can maximize the advantages of the decoupling algorithm and achieve high-precision real-time simulation through low-latency high-speed interconnection and unified logic architecture.

[0064] In some embodiments, each first acceleration unit and the second acceleration unit are connected via a communication interface.

[0065] In this embodiment, the first and second acceleration units are connected via a communication interface. Compared to indirect communication methods such as data relay through a host computer or shared memory, this low-latency characteristic directly improves the bandwidth of the simulation system, enabling the accurate reproduction of the converter's dynamic response under high-frequency switching actions (such as the rising edge of short-circuit current). The direct connection allows the two acceleration units to operate independently and in complete parallel with their optimal simulation step sizes (e.g., small step sizes for AC and large step sizes for DC), synchronizing only through the interface. This not only improves the real-time performance of the simulation system but also significantly enhances the utilization of hardware resources.

[0066] In some embodiments, during the decoupling process of the second decoupling unit, the converter group unit is regarded as the converter-side system, and the substation line equipment is regarded as the grid-side system; the rate interaction process between the converter-side system and the grid-side system under the second decoupling unit at the current simulation moment includes: The current first state variable, calculated by the simulation step size corresponding to the sub-simulation time of each simulation time of the converter-side system, is mapped to the input parameters required by the grid-side system through interpolation. The current second state variable, calculated by multiplying the simulation step size by an integer multiple of the grid-side system at the simulation time, is mapped to the input parameters required by the converter-side system through interpolation.

[0067] Specifically, the new energy converter group uses a small-step, refined modeling approach, which differs from the step size of the power grid and power plant line models. Although actual transformers isolate DC current, in the circuit model, the primary and secondary sides often share a common reference point. The decoupling model completely cuts off the current loops on both sides through controlled sources (circles in the diagram), allowing each side to have a completely independent ground reference. In complex power system simulations, devices with different time constants may be connected to both sides of the transformer (e.g., one side is a high-frequency power electronic device, and the other side is a low-frequency power grid). After decoupling, both sides can operate independently with different simulation step sizes (time scales) without interference.

[0068] When alternating between large and small step sizes, instead of simply keeping the values ​​unchanged, this implementation uses historical integer step size data for interpolation to obtain the state variables at the delayed time. In traditional multi-rate simulations, zero-order hold (i.e., directly using the previous value) is usually employed, while this embodiment uses internal interpolation to improve simulation accuracy.

[0069] The internal interpolation settings provided in this embodiment enable the conversion between large-step networks and small-step networks, resolving the mismatch between the two in terms of time step and interface variables.

[0070] In some embodiments, the current first state variable of the converter-side system, calculated by the simulation step size corresponding to the sub-simulation time at each simulation time, is mapped to the input parameters required by the grid-side system through interpolation, including: Obtain the first simulation step size and the propagation delay at the current simulation moment for the power grid system; Obtain the first historical state variable corresponding to the propagation delay at the current simulation moment of the grid-side system and the second historical state variable corresponding to the propagation delay at the current simulation moment of the converter-side system; wherein, the first historical state variable is obtained by interpolating the previous first historical state variable at the previous simulation moment of the grid-side system with the first historical state variable at the current simulation moment; the second historical state variable is obtained by interpolating the previous second historical state variable at the previous simulation moment of the converter-side system with the second historical state variable at the current simulation moment. The current first state variable at the current simulation moment is determined based on the first historical state variable and the second historical state variable, so as to map the input parameters of the converter-side system according to the current first state variable.

[0071] Specifically, Figure 6 This application provides a schematic diagram of a rate decoupling interface data interaction, as shown in the embodiment. Figure 6 As shown, the large stride network is s The first simulation step size is... nΔt ( n (where is a positive integer), corresponding to task 1, and the small step size network is... r End, simulation step size is Δt This corresponds to task 2. Xr and Xs These are their respective state variables. For the large-step network, the current state is calculated based on its historical state variables and the historical state variables of the small-step network; specifically, the historical state variables of the large-step network are obtained by interpolating the state variables of the large-step network at two integer multiples of the large step size, and the historical state variables of the small-step network are obtained by interpolating the state variables of the small-step network at two integer multiples of the large step size. That is, for task1, Xs ( t + nΔ t )based on Xs ( t + nΔt - τ )and Xr ( t + nΔt - τ The calculation is completed using the input quantity as the input quantity, and Xs ( t + nΔt - τ )based on Xs ( t - nΔ t )and Xs ( t Internal interpolation is used to obtain the result. Xr ( t + nΔt - τ )based on Xr ( t - nΔt )and Xr ( t (Internal interpolation is used to obtain the result.)

[0072] The embodiments of this application provide a method to map the current first state variable, calculated using the simulation step size corresponding to the sub-simulation time of each simulation moment of the converter-side system, to the input parameters required by the grid-side system through interpolation. This avoids the situation where extremely small step sizes are forced to accommodate fast-dynamic components. This significantly reduces the number of calculation steps across the entire network, thereby significantly reducing the consumption of computing resources and making it possible to perform real-time or ultra-real-time simulations of large-scale AC power grids with limited hardware resources. It can more accurately reconstruct the continuous changing trend of boundary conditions. This processing method effectively smooths the interface data, significantly reduces the numerical truncation error caused by step size mismatch, and ensures the simulation accuracy of electromagnetic transient processes on the station side.

[0073] In some embodiments, the current second state variable of the grid-side system, calculated using an integer multiple of the simulation step size at the simulation time, is mapped to the input parameters required by the converter-side system through interpolation, including: Obtain the second simulation step size and propagation delay of the sub-simulation time in the current simulation time of the converter-side system; The third historical state variable corresponding to the propagation delay at the sub-simulation time of the converter-side system and the fourth historical state variable corresponding to the propagation delay at the sub-simulation time of the grid-side system are obtained. The third historical state variable and the fourth historical state variable are obtained by internal interpolation based on the historical state variables at the second simulation step size corresponding to the integer multiple of their respective side systems. The current second state variable at the current sub-simulation moment is determined based on the third and fourth historical state variables, so as to map the input parameters of the grid-side system according to the second state variable.

[0074] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, for task2, Xr ( t + iΔt () i =1, ..., n )based onXr ( t + iΔt - τ )and Xs ( t + iΔt - τ ) is completed as an input, where Xr ( t + iΔt - τ )and Xs ( t + iΔt - τ It is also obtained based on the internal interpolation of the corresponding integer step size historical values. The second simulation step size of the sub-simulation time at the current simulation time is... Δt This corresponds to task 2.

[0075] This embodiment maps the current second state variable, calculated using an integer multiple of the simulation step size corresponding to the grid-side system at the simulation time, to the required input parameters of the converter-side system through interpolation, using a small step size. Xs ( t + i Δt - τ The simulation can accurately capture microsecond-level switching actions and rapid electromagnetic transient processes. This is combined with the large-step side feedback signal obtained through internal interpolation. Xs ( t + iΔt - τ This avoids control response lag or distortion caused by low grid-side data update frequency, ensuring the accuracy of converter control and protection strategy verification. Mathematically, it achieves smooth transition and alignment of fast and slow subsystems on the time axis, effectively suppressing system numerical instability caused by sudden changes in interface data, and improving the convergence and robustness of complex systems with a high proportion of new energy equipment during long-term simulations.

[0076] In some embodiments, the second decoupling unit is constructed from a π-type equivalent circuit; the π-type equivalent circuit includes a first fictitious capacitor, a second fictitious capacitor, a first leakage inductance, and a first resistor; wherein, the π-type equivalent circuit is a three-phase circuit to construct an equivalent transmission line model, and a first fictitious capacitor, a second fictitious capacitor, a first leakage inductance, and a first resistor constitute a phase circuit. The first terminal of each first virtual capacitor is connected to the secondary side of the transformer and to the first terminal of the first leakage inductor; the second terminal of each first virtual capacitor is grounded; the second terminal of the first leakage inductor is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor; the second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the first terminal of the second virtual capacitor and to the sub-filter circuit model; the second terminal of the second virtual capacitor is grounded.

[0077] Specifically, Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second decoupling unit corresponding to a π-type equivalent circuit is provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, L T , R T These are the leakage inductance and resistance of the step-up transformer referred to the secondary side. C v Assuming a fictitious capacitor, the ideal transformer retains the turns ratio characteristics of a step-up transformer, and the leakage inductance is set to 0. Treating this π-type circuit as a unit-length transmission line, its propagation delay can be obtained. and wave impedance Z c .

[0078] It should be noted that the current π-type equivalent circuit is a three-phase circuit used to construct the equivalent transmission line model, combined with... Figure 7 The circuit consists of a first virtual capacitor, a second virtual capacitor, a first leakage inductor, and a first resistor.

[0079] The equivalent transmission line model with virtual capacitors provided in this embodiment introduces a fictitious capacitor, making the capacitor node voltage an independent state variable. This allows the current calculation of the step-up transformer branch to no longer directly depend on the instantaneous strong coupling of the grid-side voltage, but rather to be buffered by the capacitor voltage. This structure allows for the decoupling of the transformer model from the grid model in numerical calculations (e.g., using the adjoint circuit method or the characteristic line method), thereby allowing the first and second acceleration units to process in parallel with different simulation step sizes, significantly reducing the rigidity of the simulation system and improving the stability of real-time simulation.

[0080] In some embodiments, the first and second virtual capacitors have the same capacitance value and together constitute the third virtual capacitor; the process of determining the values ​​of the first and second virtual capacitors includes: Obtain the first relationship between the propagation delay, the first leakage inductance, and the third fictitious capacitance of the equivalent transmission line model; Obtain the second relationship between propagation delay and simulation step size; The capacitance value of the third virtual capacitor is determined based on the first and second relational formulas, so as to obtain the capacitance values ​​of the first and second virtual capacitors respectively.

[0081] Specifically, the first relation is as follows: ; in, To delay the spread, The first leak sensation, This is the third fictitious capacitor.

[0082] The second relation is as follows: ; in, As the first coefficient, This is the simulated step size.

[0083] The capacitance value of the third virtual capacitor is determined based on the first and second relations, namely: This yields the capacitance values ​​corresponding to the first and second virtual capacitors, respectively.

[0084] This embodiment provides a process for determining the capacitance value of the fictitious capacitor in the equivalent transmission line model by introducing fictitious capacitors, thereby determining the total fictitious capacitance. Split into two / 2 and respectively placed in the impedance R T , The two ends form a symmetrical π-type network. Mathematically, this topology is an approximation of the second-order Taylor expansion of the distributed parameter transmission line equation. Compared with the single-point lumped capacitance model, it can more accurately reflect the voltage gradient and charge distribution on the transmission line.

[0085] In some embodiments, the three-phase circuits of the π-type equivalent circuit are respectively constructed into a two-terminal Norton circuit model to obtain the second decoupling unit; wherein, the single-phase second decoupling unit includes a first impedance, a second impedance, a fourth controlled current source and a fifth controlled current source; The first end of the first impedance is connected to the first end of the fourth controlled current source, the second end of the first impedance is connected to the second end of the fourth controlled current source, and both ends of the first impedance are connected to the filter circuit model. The first end of the second impedance is connected to the first end of the fifth controlled current source, the second end of the second impedance is connected to the second end of the fifth controlled current source, and both ends of the second impedance are connected to the station line equipment.

[0086] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a decoupling model based on a step-up transformer provided in this application embodiment is shown below. Figure 8 As shown, the first impedance Zsec, the second impedance Zpri, and the fourth controlled current source I sec_ h and the fifth controlled current source I pri_ h Let the transformer ratio of the primary and secondary sides be... N Following Bergeron's lossy transmission line modeling principle, two-terminal Norton circuit models are constructed for each of the three phases, as follows: Figure 8 .

[0087] The three-phase circuit (phase A, phase B, and phase C) of the step-up transformer in this embodiment of a new energy power station is constructed with independent two-terminal Norton equivalent circuit models based on the Bergeron lossy transmission line modeling principle. Within each simulation step, the computing nodes only need to perform simple addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division operations to obtain the current voltage and current values, without the need for matrix inversion or complex numerical integration iterations. This greatly reduces the computational load on the FPGA or DSP, allowing the simulation step size to be shortened to the microsecond or even nanosecond level, meeting the requirements of high-precision real-time simulation. This structure makes the primary side (high-voltage side) and secondary side (low-voltage side) of the transformer completely independent in computational logic. This not only achieves electrical isolation at the hardware level but also eliminates the algebraic loop problem caused by cross-card communication, significantly improving the parallelism and scalability of simulations of large-scale new energy power stations (containing dozens of transformers).

[0088] In some embodiments, the impedance value of the first impedance is obtained from the third impedance and the first resistance in one phase of the π-type equivalent circuit; the third impedance is obtained from the first resistance and the third fictitious capacitance. The impedance value of the second impedance is obtained from the third impedance, the first resistance, and the transformation ratio in one phase of the π-type equivalent circuit.

[0089] Comparison Figure 7 , 8 The impedance value of the first impedance is obtained from the third impedance and the first resistance in one phase of the π-type equivalent circuit; the third impedance is obtained from the first resistance and the third fictitious capacitor; the impedance value of the second impedance is obtained from the third impedance, the first resistance and the transformation ratio in one phase of the π-type equivalent circuit.

[0090] Furthermore, the decoupling process of the second decoupling unit includes: The primary and secondary currents are determined based on the first impedance, the second impedance, the voltage values ​​of the fourth and fifth controlled voltage sources, the propagation delay, and the transformation ratio to complete the decoupling process of the second decoupling unit.

[0091] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, the calculation methods for each quantity are as follows: ; Where Zsec is the first impedance and Zpri is the second impedance. I sec_ h As the fourth controlled voltage source, I pri_ h As the fifth controlled voltage source, This refers to the time delay, or propagation delay. N This is the transformer ratio.

[0092] Specifically, ; ; ; .

[0093] To ensure the stability of the decoupling circuit, k The value range is set to: 1 < k <2.

[0094] This embodiment completely severs the direct connection between the converter side and the grid side at the current moment through the decoupling process of the second decoupling unit. The simulation calculation on the converter side no longer depends on the current state of the grid side, and vice versa. This allows the two subsystems to be solved independently, completely eliminating algebraic loops, avoiding complex iterative calculation processes, and significantly improving the numerical stability of the simulation system. Since the two sides are decoupled, there is no need to deal with complex flux coupling equations as in traditional models, making the switching and parameter configuration between transformers with different turns ratios and capacities more flexible and convenient, enhancing the versatility and scalability of the simulation model.

[0095] Furthermore, this application also provides a decoupling method based on a new energy power station simulation device. Figure 9 A flowchart of a decoupling method based on a new energy power station simulation device provided in this application embodiment is shown below. Figure 9 As shown, the method applied to the aforementioned new energy power station simulation device includes: S11: Obtain the DC-side circuit model of the converter and the corresponding sub-filter circuit model for each first decoupling unit; S12: The DC-side circuit model and the sub-filter circuit model of the converter are decoupled by each first decoupling unit, so that the model parameters of the grid-side converter model constructed after decoupling are allocated to the second acceleration unit and the corresponding first acceleration unit for simulation processing.

[0096] For an introduction to the decoupling method based on the new energy power station simulation device provided in this application, please refer to the above method embodiments. This application will not repeat the details here, as it has the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned new energy power station simulation device.

[0097] Furthermore, this application also provides a decoupling device based on a new energy power station simulation device. Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a decoupling device based on a new energy power station simulation device is provided for an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 10 As shown, the equipment used in the above-mentioned new energy power station simulation device includes: The acquisition module 11 is used to acquire the DC side circuit model of the converter and the corresponding sub-filter circuit model of each first decoupling unit; The first decoupling processing module 12 is used to decouple the DC-side circuit model and the sub-filter circuit model of the converter through each first decoupling unit, so as to allocate the model parameters of the grid-side converter model constructed after decoupling to the second acceleration unit and the corresponding first acceleration unit for simulation processing.

[0098] Since the embodiments of the device part correspond to the embodiments described above, please refer to the embodiments described in the method part for the embodiments of the device part, and will not be repeated here.

[0099] For an introduction to the decoupling device based on the new energy power station simulation device provided in this application, please refer to the above method embodiments. This application will not repeat the details here, but it has the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned new energy power station simulation device.

[0100] Furthermore, this application also provides a distributed simulation system for new energy power stations, including a simulator and the aforementioned new energy power station simulation device, wherein the simulator includes a first acceleration unit and a second acceleration unit; Each of the first acceleration units of the simulator is configured with the DC-side circuit model of the new energy power station simulation device; the second acceleration unit is configured with the filter circuit model; the first acceleration unit and the second acceleration unit are connected.

[0101] It should be noted that the distributed architecture here includes two types: one is the distributed architecture between the station line equipment and each converter group unit, and the other is the distributed architecture between the first acceleration unit allocated by the DC side circuit model and the second acceleration unit allocated by the filter circuit model within each converter group unit.

[0102] For an introduction to the new energy power station simulation system provided in this application, please refer to the above method embodiments. This application will not repeat the details here, as it has the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned new energy power station simulation device.

[0103] Figure 11 A structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 11 As shown, it includes: Memory 21 is used to store computer programs; The processor 22 is used to implement the steps of the decoupling method based on the new energy power station simulation device when executing computer programs.

[0104] The processor 22 may include one or more processing cores, such as a quad-core processor or an octa-core processor. The processor 22 may be implemented using at least one of the following hardware forms: Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or Programmable Logic Array (PLA). The processor 22 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor, also known as the CPU, is used to process data in the wake-up state; the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 22 may integrate a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the screen. In some embodiments, the processor 22 may also include an Artificial Intelligence (AI) processor, which is used to handle computational operations related to machine learning.

[0105] The memory 21 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. The memory 21 may also include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices or flash memory devices. In this embodiment, the memory 21 is used to store at least the following computer program 211, which, after being loaded and executed by the processor 22, can implement the relevant steps of the decoupling method based on the new energy power station simulation device disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments. In addition, the resources stored in the memory 21 may also include an operating system 212 and data 213, etc., and the storage method may be temporary storage or permanent storage. The operating system 212 may include Windows, Unix, Linux, etc. The data 213 may include, but is not limited to, the data involved in the decoupling method based on the new energy power station simulation device, etc.

[0106] In some embodiments, the electronic device may further include a display screen 23, an input / output interface 24, a communication interface 25, a power supply 26, and a communication bus 27.

[0107] Those skilled in the field can understand, Figure 11 The structures shown do not constitute a limitation on electronic devices and may include more or fewer components than those shown.

[0108] The processor 22 implements the decoupling method based on the new energy power station simulation device provided in any of the above embodiments by calling the instructions stored in the memory 21.

[0109] For an introduction to the electronic device provided in this application, please refer to the above method embodiments. This application will not repeat the details here, but it has the same beneficial effects as the above decoupling method based on the new energy power station simulation device.

[0110] Furthermore, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by processor 22, implements the steps of the decoupling method based on the new energy power station simulation device described above.

[0111] It is understood that if the methods in the above embodiments are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and executes all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0112] For a description of the computer-readable storage medium provided in this application, please refer to the above method embodiments. This application will not repeat the description here, but it has the same beneficial effects as the above decoupling method based on the new energy power station simulation device.

[0113] The foregoing provides a detailed description of a new energy power station simulation device, decoupling method, equipment, and system provided in this application. The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0114] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

Claims

1. A new energy power station simulation device, characterized in that, It includes the station line equipment and each converter group unit; the model of each converter group unit includes the DC side circuit model of each converter, each first decoupling unit, the filter circuit model and the second decoupling unit; each DC side circuit model is configured with a corresponding first acceleration unit; the filter circuit model is configured with a second acceleration unit; Each DC-side circuit model is connected to the converter controller via an I / O interface; Each DC-side circuit model, each first decoupling unit, and each sub-filter circuit model within the filter circuit model correspond one-to-one and are connected sequentially. Each first decoupling unit is used to decouple the corresponding DC-side circuit model from the corresponding sub-filter circuit model, so as to allocate the model parameters of the grid-side converter model constructed after decoupling to the second acceleration unit and the corresponding first acceleration unit. The input of the second decoupling unit is connected to the output of each sub-filter circuit model, and the output is connected to each busbar in the model of the station line device.

2. The new energy power station simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first decoupling unit includes a DC-side equivalent circuit and an AC-side equivalent circuit; wherein, in the DC-side equivalent circuit, the converter is equivalent to a controlled current source constructed from the historical values ​​of the AC-side current; and in the AC-side equivalent circuit, the converter is equivalent to a circuit in series between a controlled voltage source constructed from the historical values ​​of the DC-side voltage and a resistor.

3. The new energy power station simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The DC-side equivalent circuit is a two-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit; both ends of the first controlled current source of the two-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit are connected to the DC-side circuit model.

4. The new energy power station simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The DC-side equivalent circuit is a three-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit; The second and third controlled current sources of the three-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit are connected in series, and their two ends are respectively connected to the DC-side circuit.

5. The new energy power station simulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The AC-side equivalent circuit includes a first controlled voltage source and a second controlled voltage source; The first terminal of the first controlled voltage source is connected to the first terminal of the first phase sub-filter circuit model; the second terminal of the first controlled voltage source is connected to the first terminal of the second phase sub-filter circuit model and the first terminal of the second controlled voltage source; the second terminal of the second controlled voltage source is connected to the first terminal of the third phase sub-filter circuit model; the second terminals of the first phase sub-filter circuit model, the second phase sub-filter circuit model, and the third phase sub-filter circuit model are respectively connected.

6. The new energy power station simulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the DC-side equivalent circuit is a two-level VSC DC-side equivalent circuit, the decoupling process of the first decoupling unit includes: Obtain the simulation step size and the previous simulation time from the current simulation time; The second voltage values ​​corresponding to the first and second controlled voltage sources are determined based on the switching function of the three-phase bridge arm and the first voltage value of the first controlled current source at the previous simulation time. The second current value of the equivalent first controlled current source is determined based on the second voltage source and the first current value corresponding to each of the three phase bridge arms at the previous simulation time. The second voltage value and the second current value are used as model parameters of the grid-side converter model and allocated to the second acceleration unit and the corresponding first acceleration unit.

7. The new energy power station simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the decoupling process of the second decoupling unit, the converter group unit is regarded as the converter-side system and the station line equipment is regarded as the grid-side system. The rate interaction process between the converter-side system and the grid-side system under the second decoupling unit at the current simulation moment includes: The current first state variable, calculated by the simulation step size corresponding to the sub-simulation time of each simulation time of the converter-side system, is mapped to the input parameters required by the grid-side system through interpolation. The current second state variable, calculated by multiplying the simulation step size by an integer multiple of the grid-side system at the simulation time, is mapped to the input parameters required by the converter-side system through interpolation.

8. The new energy power station simulation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The current first state variable, calculated based on the simulation step size corresponding to the sub-simulation time of each simulation time in the converter-side system, is mapped to the required input parameters of the grid-side system through interpolation, including: Obtain the first simulation step size and the propagation delay at the current simulation moment of the power grid-side system; The system obtains a first historical state variable corresponding to the propagation delay at the current simulation moment of the grid-side system and a second historical state variable corresponding to the propagation delay at the current simulation moment of the converter-side system. The first historical state variable is obtained by interpolating the previous first historical state variable at the previous simulation moment of the grid-side system with the first historical state variable at the current simulation moment. The second historical state variable is obtained by interpolating the previous second historical state variable at the previous simulation moment of the converter-side system with the second historical state variable at the current simulation moment. The current first state variable at the current simulation moment is determined based on the first historical state variable and the second historical state variable, so as to map the input parameters of the converter-side system according to the current first state variable.

9. The new energy power station simulation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The current second state variable, calculated using integer multiples of the simulation step size corresponding to the grid-side system at the simulation time, is mapped to the required input parameters of the converter-side system through interpolation, including: Obtain the second simulation step size and propagation delay of the sub-simulation time in the current simulation time of the converter-side system; The third historical state variable corresponding to the propagation delay at the sub-simulation time of the converter-side system and the fourth historical state variable corresponding to the propagation delay at the sub-simulation time of the grid-side system are obtained; wherein, the third historical state variable and the fourth historical state variable are obtained by internal interpolation based on the historical state variables at the second simulation step time corresponding to integer multiples of their respective side systems; The current second state variable at the current sub-simulation moment is determined based on the third and fourth historical state variables, so as to map the input parameters of the power grid system according to the second state variable.

10. The new energy power station simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first acceleration unit and the second acceleration unit have the same unit type.

11. The new energy power station simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each first acceleration unit is connected to the second acceleration unit via a communication interface.

12. The new energy power station simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second decoupling unit is constructed from a π-type equivalent circuit; the π-type equivalent circuit includes a first fictitious capacitor, a second fictitious capacitor, a first leakage inductance, and a first resistor; wherein, the π-type equivalent circuit is a three-phase circuit to construct an equivalent transmission line model, and a first fictitious capacitor, a second fictitious capacitor, a first leakage inductance, and a first resistor constitute a phase circuit; The first terminal of each first virtual capacitor is connected to the secondary side of the transformer and to the first terminal of the first leakage inductance; the second terminal of each first virtual capacitor is grounded; the second terminal of the first leakage inductance is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor; the second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the first terminal of the second virtual capacitor and to the sub-filter circuit model; the second terminal of the second virtual capacitor is grounded.

13. A decoupling method based on a new energy power station simulation device, characterized in that, The method applied to the new energy power station simulation device of claim 1 includes: Obtain the DC-side circuit model of the converter and the corresponding sub-filter circuit model for each first decoupling unit; The DC-side circuit model of the converter and the sub-filter circuit model are decoupled by each first decoupling unit, so that the model parameters of the grid-side converter model constructed after decoupling are allocated to the second acceleration unit and the corresponding first acceleration unit.

14. A decoupling device based on a new energy power station simulation device, characterized in that, The new energy power station simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: The acquisition module is used to acquire the DC-side circuit model of the converter and the corresponding sub-filter circuit model of each first decoupling unit; The first decoupling processing module is used to decouple the DC-side circuit model of the converter and the sub-filter circuit model through each first decoupling unit, so as to allocate the model parameters of the grid-side converter model constructed after decoupling to the second acceleration unit and the corresponding first acceleration unit.

15. A distributed simulation system for new energy power stations, characterized in that, The device includes a simulator and the new energy power station simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the simulator includes a first acceleration unit and a second acceleration unit; Each of the first acceleration units of the simulator is configured with a DC-side circuit model of the new energy power station simulation device; the second acceleration unit is configured with a filter circuit model; the first acceleration unit and the second acceleration unit are connected.

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