Drawing apparatus for forming aluminum material

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of drawing equipment for aluminum material forming, it is related to aluminum material manufacturing technical field, including fuselage, feeding mechanism, forming mechanism, clamping mechanism and traction mechanism, the forming mechanism includes die holder and fixed base, linear drive is provided on the fixed base, the function that the present aluminum material drawing device is realized without disassembling die body can be on-line impact peeling sludge compared with, significantly reduce downtime maintenance time, and aluminum material does not need to leave die body in cleaning process, after cleaning, die holder is directly reset and can resume operation, avoid the trouble that aluminum material needs to be repositioned after each cleaning, in addition, the present application can be according to actual drawing working condition real-time accurate control oil supply, simultaneously realize the function that lubricating oil is evenly coated along the circumference of aluminum material, finally, in the process of drawing, the problem of uneven wall thickness caused by die wear or aluminum material eccentricity can also be actively compensated, effectively improve the finished product size precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aluminum manufacturing technology, specifically to a drawing device for forming aluminum materials. Background Technology

[0002] Drawing is a plastic forming process that uses a mold with a specific cross-sectional shape to obtain the required size and shape of a metal billet. Due to its advantages such as high production efficiency, high material utilization, and excellent surface quality, it is widely used in the manufacturing of high-quality aluminum alloy sheets, high-quality magnesium materials, copper materials, titanium materials, and other non-ferrous metal materials.

[0003] However, most existing drawing equipment uses external coating or immersion lubrication, which makes it difficult to accurately deliver lubricating oil to the core drawing area. This easily leads to uneven lubrication, resulting in problems such as high drawing resistance, rapid die wear, and easy scratches on the aluminum surface. Especially for high-quality aluminum alloy plates, magnesium, copper, titanium and other materials with extremely high surface quality requirements, even small defects can directly reduce the grade of the finished product or even scrap it. In addition, when it is necessary to clean the sludge generated in the drawing chamber due to long-term lubrication and friction, the current drawing equipment usually has to completely disassemble the die for cleaning. This operation is cumbersome, the downtime is long, and the aluminum material needs to be repositioned after reinstallation, which seriously affects production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to achieve precise lubrication and rapid online cleaning during the drawing process, and to this end, a drawing device for aluminum forming is provided.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a drawing device for aluminum forming, comprising a machine body, a feeding mechanism, a forming mechanism, a clamping mechanism, and a traction mechanism. During operation, the clamping mechanism clamps and fixes the aluminum material, and the traction mechanism drags the clamping mechanism away from the feeding mechanism, thereby allowing the aluminum material to continuously pass through the feeding mechanism and the forming mechanism. The forming mechanism includes a mold base and a fixed base. A linear drive component is provided on the fixed base, and the working end of the linear drive component is connected to the mold base. A mold body and a flow guide seat are provided inside the mold base. A drawing cavity is provided inside the mold body. When the aluminum material passes through the drawing cavity, it is subjected to radial compression by the mold body to achieve a reduction in cross-sectional shape. A flow guide channel is also provided inside the mold body. The flow guide seat is located on the side of the mold body away from the feeding mechanism. An annular groove is provided inside the flow guide seat, and an annular plate is provided inside the annular groove. A flow guide pipe is provided at the end of the annular plate near the mold body, and the end of the flow guide pipe away from the annular plate is inserted into the flow guide channel. The annular groove is connected to an external air pump and an oil supply system via a connecting pipe.

[0006] During the drawing process, the die holder remains in a fixed position, and the oil supply system continuously delivers lubricating oil into the annular groove. Guided by the annular plate, guide pipe, and guide channel, the lubricating oil is coated onto the surface of the aluminum material, forming a uniform lubricating film between the aluminum material and the die body and carrying away frictional heat. This reduces drawing resistance, minimizes die wear, and improves the surface finish of the aluminum material. When the operator needs to clean the oil and sludge mixture generated by long-term lubrication and friction in the drawing cavity of the die body, the linear drive drives the die holder to move a certain distance away from the feeding mechanism, so that the drawing cavity of the die body is aligned with the end of the aluminum material that has not had its diameter reduced. The contact is broken, forming an open gap. Then, compressed gas is introduced into the annular groove through an external air pump. The compressed gas flows through the connecting pipe, annular groove, annular plate, and guide pipe in sequence, and is then sprayed into the drawing chamber at high speed from the guide channel. This impacts and peels off the oil sludge accumulated inside the drawing chamber. Compared with the current aluminum drawing device, this invention can clean the drawing chamber without disassembling the mold body, significantly reducing downtime for maintenance. In addition, the aluminum material does not need to leave the mold body during the entire cleaning process. After cleaning, the mold seat can be reset to its original working position, avoiding the need to reposition the aluminum material after each cleaning.

[0007] Furthermore, a liquid outlet is provided at one end of the guide channel near the drawing cavity of the mold body. A sealing ball is provided at the connection between the liquid outlet and the guide channel. The sealing ball is connected to the guide channel by a compression spring. In the non-working state (when the aluminum material is not inserted into the mold body), the sealing ball is located at the connection between the liquid outlet and the guide channel, isolating the liquid outlet from the guide channel to prevent contamination of the internal environment of the guide channel, guide pipe, and guide seat. When the invention is in working state, the operator can adjust the delivery pressure of the oil supply system to control the amount of lubricating oil coated on the surface of the aluminum material in real time. That is, the lubricating oil delivered by the oil supply system to the connecting pipe flows sequentially through the annular groove, annular plate, and guide pipe, and finally enters the guide channel. As the hydraulic pressure inside the channel gradually increases, the sealing ball overcomes the spring force of the compression spring and enters the outlet hole (at this time, the outlet hole is opened). The lubricating oil flows through the outlet hole to the inner wall of the drawing chamber and the surface of the aluminum material. The movement range of the sealing ball is positively correlated with the hydraulic pressure in the guide channel. The higher the hydraulic pressure in the guide channel, the greater the opening stroke of the sealing ball, and the more lubricating oil flows out of the outlet hole per unit time. Conversely, when the hydraulic pressure in the guide channel decreases, the compression spring will push the sealing ball back to its original position, the opening of the outlet hole will decrease, and the amount of lubricating oil flowing out will decrease accordingly. Through the above technical solution, the operator can accurately control the amount of lubricating oil flowing out according to actual needs, which can avoid the increase in drawing resistance or mold wear caused by insufficient lubrication, and also prevent excessive lubrication from causing oil stains on the surface of the aluminum material or environmental pollution.

[0008] Furthermore, the mold base is also equipped with a rotary drive, a first gear, and a second gear. The mold body is mounted on the second gear, and the first gear meshes with the second gear. The working end of the rotary drive is connected to the first gear. During the aluminum drawing process, the operator can activate the rotary drive. Under the action of the first gear and the second gear, the mold body will continuously rotate around its own axis. On the one hand, the rotation of the mold body will drive the lubricating oil to be coated along the circumference of the aluminum material, avoiding the accumulation or partial loss of lubricating oil caused by gravity or unidirectional flow, and significantly reducing the scratches caused by poor lubrication of the aluminum surface. On the other hand, during the aluminum drawing process, the rotation of the mold body can effectively compensate for the uneven wall thickness caused by mold wear or aluminum eccentricity. Finally, the mold body in this invention is detachably mounted on the second gear to facilitate the operator to replace different models of mold bodies.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixed base is provided with a sliding groove. A first positioning hole is provided at the end of the sliding groove near the feeding mechanism, and a second positioning hole is provided at the end of the sliding groove away from the feeding mechanism. A sliding seat is provided at the end of the mold base near the sliding groove, and a locking element is provided inside the sliding seat. During the drawing and forming process of the aluminum material, the sliding seat aligns with the first positioning hole, and simultaneously the locking element is inserted into the first positioning hole. The sliding seat and the fixed base are locked together through the cooperation of the locking element and the first positioning hole. Through the above technical solution, the drawing force applied to the aluminum material by the traction mechanism during the drawing process is sequentially passed through the mold body and the mold base. The pulling force is transmitted to the fixed seat via the sliding seat, locking element, and first positioning hole, thus preventing the pulling force from being directly transmitted to the linear drive through the die body and die seat, preventing overload damage, and ensuring that the linear drive is always in an unloaded state. When the operator needs to clean the pulling cavity inside the die body, the locking element extends from the first positioning hole, and the linear drive drives the die seat to move until the sliding seat is aligned with the second positioning hole. Then, the locking element is inserted into the second positioning hole to relock the sliding seat and the fixed seat. Throughout the cleaning process, the linear drive remains in an unloaded state to prevent accidental stress on the linear drive. After cleaning, the locking element retracts from the second positioning hole, and the linear drive drives the die seat to move in the opposite direction, so that the sliding seat is aligned with the first positioning hole again. The locking element is then reinserted into the second positioning hole, and the equipment can resume the pulling operation.

[0010] Furthermore, the sliding seat is provided with a first groove and a second groove. The locking element includes a positioning block, an electromagnet, and a movable plate. There are two positioning blocks, which are positioned opposite each other at both ends of the first groove and connected by a positioning spring. The movable plate is located in the second groove, and the electromagnet is located at the end of the second groove away from the first groove. The first groove and the second groove are connected and filled with a transmission medium. The end of the movable plate near the electromagnet is magnetic. When the sliding seat needs to be locked, the electromagnet is energized to generate a magnetic field that repels the movable plate. At this time, the movable plate moves away from the electromagnet, thereby squeezing the transmission medium in the second groove into the first groove. At this time, the two positioning blocks will overcome the elastic force of the positioning spring and extend outward, and insert into the corresponding first or second positioning hole to achieve mechanical insertion positioning.

[0011] Furthermore, piezoelectric sheets are provided inside both the first and second positioning holes. When the linear drive moves the mold base to the target position and activates the locking element in the sliding seat to lock it, the electromagnet is energized to generate a magnetic field that repels the movable plate. Under the action of the transmission medium, the two positioning blocks extend outward and insert into the corresponding first or second positioning hole. At this time, the positioning blocks will squeeze the piezoelectric sheets in the first or second positioning holes. The operator can determine whether the mold base has been displaced to the correct position by monitoring whether the piezoelectric sheets generate an electrical signal, so as to avoid the linear drive failing to drive the mold base to the preset target position due to transmission error or mechanical jamming, which would cause the subsequent drawing and cleaning processes to malfunction. Finally, the fixed seat in this invention is made of ferromagnetic material. When the electromagnet is energized to generate a magnetic field that repels the movable plate, the electromagnet will synchronously magnetically attract the fixed seat to form an auxiliary lock, ensuring the locking effect of the sliding seat in the groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism is connected to the machine body via a traction mechanism. The clamping mechanism includes a clamping seat, jaws, and a dual-head drive unit. Two jaws are provided, which are positioned opposite each other at the two working ends of the dual-head drive unit. When drawing the aluminum material, the dual-head drive unit drives the two jaws to clamp and fix the aluminum material. Then, the traction mechanism drags the clamping mechanism away from the forming mechanism to control the aluminum material to continuously pass through the mold body to complete the drawing and forming process. In this invention, the ends of the two jaws that are close to each other are provided with arc-shaped grooves. Elastic pads are provided in the arc-shaped grooves. When the two jaws close to clamp the aluminum material, the elastic pads in the two arc-shaped grooves first contact the outer surface of the aluminum material. Since the elastic pads have good compression deformation capabilities, as the jaws continue to close, the elastic pads are gradually compressed, and their contact area rapidly expands from the initial line contact to surface contact, uniformly covering the circumferential surface of the aluminum material. Through the above technical solution, sufficient friction is ensured while avoiding excessive radial pressure that could cause plastic deformation or surface scratches on the aluminum material.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic pad is provided with several adsorption holes, and the clamping seat is provided with two negative pressure modules. The two negative pressure modules are respectively connected to the arc-shaped grooves in the two grippers. When the two grippers close to clamp the aluminum material, the gas in the arc-shaped grooves is drawn away by the negative pressure modules. At this time, the elastic pad will be tightly adsorbed to the surface of the aluminum material. Through the above technical solution, the clamping mechanism of the present invention can significantly reduce the mechanical clamping force when clamping and fixing the aluminum material to prevent damage to the surface of the aluminum material due to excessive force. On the other hand, it can also improve the redundancy of anti-slip and adapt to high traction pull-out.

[0014] Furthermore, the negative pressure module includes a cavity, a piston, and a connecting rod. The cavity is connected to the external environment via a one-way valve. Both the piston and the connecting rod are hollow structures. The piston is connected to an arc-shaped groove inside the gripper via the connecting rod. A sealing valve is provided at the end of the piston away from the connecting rod. The one-way valve in this invention only allows gas inside the cavity to escape and does not allow outside air to enter the cavity. When the two grippers are open, the piston is located inside the cavity near the one-way valve, and the sealing valve is closed. When the two grippers approach each other, the piston moves away from the one-way valve. At this time, the volume of the side of the piston near the one-way valve increases, and the internal air pressure decreases. When the two grippers are fully closed and clamp the aluminum material, the operator can open the sealing valve. At this time, the gas in the arc-shaped groove will enter the cavity, and the air pressure in the arc-shaped groove will drop below atmospheric pressure to achieve the purpose of negative pressure adsorption of the aluminum material. Compared with the current negative pressure module, this invention does not require any external power source and relies entirely on the opening and closing action of the grippers to drive the piston movement, automatically generating and maintaining negative pressure.

[0015] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism includes a mounting frame and two conveying rollers. The two conveying rollers are provided with several feeding grooves, each with a different bottom diameter. During feeding, the operator can adjust the feeding position of the aluminum material according to its diameter to ensure that the aluminum material falls into the corresponding feeding groove. In this invention, the feeding grooves of the two conveying rollers correspond one-to-one, forming circular holes for three-point contact guiding and conveying of the aluminum material, preventing deviation. When changing the diameter, only the axial position of the aluminum material needs to be moved, without the need to replace the conveying rollers.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: Compared with current aluminum drawing devices, this invention has a mold seat and a fixed seat. A linear drive component controls the movement of the mold seat on the fixed seat, allowing the drawing cavity of the mold body to automatically disengage from the unreduced diameter end of the aluminum material as needed. This achieves the function of online impact removal of sludge without disassembling the mold body, significantly reducing downtime for maintenance. Furthermore, the aluminum material does not need to leave the mold body during cleaning; after cleaning, the mold seat can be directly reset to resume operation, avoiding the hassle of repositioning the aluminum material after each cleaning. In addition, by incorporating a sealing ball and a rotary drive component, this invention allows operators to precisely control the oil supply in real time according to the actual drawing conditions, solving the problem of insufficient lubrication leading to poor drawing performance. This invention addresses the issues of increased drawing resistance or mold wear, while also preventing excessive lubrication that could cause oil stains on the aluminum surface or environmental pollution. Furthermore, it achieves uniform coating of lubricating oil along the circumference of the aluminum material. During the drawing process, it actively compensates for uneven wall thickness caused by mold wear or aluminum material eccentricity, effectively improving the dimensional accuracy of the finished product. Finally, this invention solves the problem of traditional rigid grippers easily causing indentations, scratches, or instability and deformation of thin-walled parts on the aluminum surface. Through the cooperation of the negative pressure module and the elastic pad, it significantly reduces mechanical clamping force while increasing anti-slip redundancy. In addition, the negative pressure module automatically generates and maintains negative pressure by relying entirely on the opening and closing action of the grippers to drive the piston movement, achieving zero-energy negative pressure adsorption without any external power source, effectively reducing equipment costs and energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the molding mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the mold body and the flow guide seat of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the mold of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guide seat structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing base structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the sliding seat in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding seat structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the gripper structure of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Machine body; 2. Feeding mechanism; 3. Forming mechanism; 31. Mold base; 311. Mold body; 3111. Liquid outlet; 3112. Guide channel; 3113. Sealing ball; 312. Rotary drive component; 313. First gear; 314. Guide seat; 3141. Annular plate; 3142. Guide pipe; 3143. Annular groove; 3144. Connecting pipe; 315. Second gear; 316. Sliding seat 3161, Positioning block; 3162, Electromagnet; 3163, Movable plate; 32, Fixed base; 321, First positioning hole; 322, Second positioning hole; 323, Linear drive component; 4, Clamping mechanism; 41, Clamping seat; 42, Gripper; 421, Arc groove; 422, Elastic pad; 43, Dual-head drive unit; 44, One-way valve; 45, Cavity; 46, Piston; 461, Sealing valve; 5, Traction mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example: Figures 1-10 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a drawing device for aluminum forming, comprising a machine body 1, a feeding mechanism 2, a forming mechanism 3, a clamping mechanism 4, and a traction mechanism 5. During operation, the clamping mechanism 4 clamps and fixes the aluminum material, and the traction mechanism 5 pulls the clamping mechanism 4 away from the feeding mechanism 2, thereby allowing the aluminum material to continuously pass through the feeding mechanism 2 and the forming mechanism 3. The forming mechanism 3 includes a mold base 31 and a fixed base 32. A linear drive component 323 is provided on the fixed base 32, and the working end of the linear drive component 323 is connected to the mold base 31. A mold body 311 and a guide seat 314 are provided inside the mold body 311, and a drawing mechanism is provided inside the mold body 311. In the drawing cavity, the aluminum material is radially compressed by the die body 311 when passing through the drawing cavity to achieve the reduction of the cross-sectional shape. The die body 311 is also provided with a flow guide channel 3112. The flow guide seat 314 is located on the side of the die body 311 away from the feeding mechanism 2. The flow guide seat 314 is provided with an annular groove 3143. The annular groove 3143 is provided with an annular plate 3141. The end of the annular plate 3141 near the die body 311 is provided with a flow guide pipe 3142. The end of the flow guide pipe 3142 away from the annular plate 3141 is inserted into the flow guide channel 3112. The annular groove 3143 is connected to an external air pump and oil supply system through a connecting pipe 3144.

[0021] During the drawing process, the die holder 31 remains in a fixed position, and the oil supply system continuously delivers lubricating oil into the annular groove 3143. Guided by the annular plate 3141, the guide pipe 3142, and the guide channel 3112, the lubricating oil is coated onto the surface of the aluminum material, so that a uniform lubricating film can be formed between the aluminum material and the die body 311, and frictional heat can be carried away, thereby reducing drawing resistance, reducing die wear, and improving the surface finish of the aluminum material. When the operator needs to clean the oil sludge mixture generated by long-term lubrication and friction in the drawing cavity of the die body 311, the linear drive 323 drives the die holder 31 to move a certain distance away from the feeding mechanism 2, so that the drawing cavity of the die body 311 is aligned with the aluminum material before the diameter is reduced. The end disconnects from the contact, forming an open gap. Then, compressed gas is introduced into the annular groove 3143 through an external air pump. The compressed gas flows sequentially through the connecting pipe 3144, the annular groove 3143, the annular plate 3141, and the guide pipe 3142, and is then sprayed at high speed into the drawing chamber through the guide channel 3112. This impacts and peels off the sludge accumulated inside the drawing chamber. Compared with the current aluminum drawing device, this invention can clean the drawing chamber without disassembling the mold body 311, significantly reducing downtime for maintenance. In addition, the aluminum material does not need to leave the mold body 311 during the entire cleaning process. After cleaning, the mold seat 31 can be reset to its original working position, avoiding the need to reposition the aluminum material after each cleaning.

[0022] like Figures 3-5As shown, a liquid outlet 3111 is provided at one end of the flow channel 3112 near the drawing cavity of the mold body 311. A sealing ball 3113 is provided at the connection between the liquid outlet 3111 and the flow channel 3112. The sealing ball 3113 is connected to the flow channel 3112 by a compression spring. In the non-working state (when the aluminum material is not inserted into the mold body 311), the sealing ball 3113 is located at the connection between the liquid outlet 3111 and the flow channel 3112, and the sealing ball 3113 isolates the flow channel 3112. The connection between the liquid outlet 3111 and the guide channel 3112 is maintained to prevent contamination of the internal environment of the guide channel 3112, guide pipe 3142, and guide seat 314. When the invention is in operation, the operator can adjust the delivery pressure of the oil delivery system to control the amount of lubricating oil coated on the aluminum surface in real time. That is, the lubricating oil delivered by the oil delivery system to the connecting pipe 3144 flows sequentially through the annular groove 3143, the annular plate 3141, and the guide pipe 3142, and finally enters the guide... As the hydraulic pressure within the flow channel 3112 gradually increases, the sealing ball 3113 overcomes the spring force of the compression spring and enters the outlet hole 3111 (at this time, the outlet hole 3111 is opened). The lubricating oil flows through the outlet hole 3111 to the inner wall of the drawing chamber and the surface of the aluminum material. The movement amplitude of the sealing ball 3113 is positively correlated with the hydraulic pressure within the flow channel 3112. The higher the hydraulic pressure within the flow channel 3112, the greater the opening stroke of the sealing ball 3113, and the more lubricating oil flows out of the outlet hole 3111 per unit time. Conversely, when the hydraulic pressure within the flow channel 3112 decreases, the compression spring pushes the sealing ball 3113 back to its original position, the opening of the outlet hole 3111 decreases, and the amount of lubricating oil flowing out also decreases accordingly. Through the above technical solution, the operator can accurately control the amount of lubricating oil flowing out according to actual needs, which avoids the increase in drawing resistance or mold wear caused by insufficient lubrication, and also prevents oil stains on the surface of the aluminum material or environmental pollution caused by excessive lubrication.

[0023] like Figures 2-3As shown, the mold base 31 is also provided with a rotary drive 312, a first gear 313 and a second gear 315. The mold body 311 is mounted on the second gear 315. The first gear 313 meshes with the second gear 315. The working end of the rotary drive 312 is connected to the first gear 313. During the aluminum drawing process, the operator can turn on the rotary drive 312. Under the action of the first gear 313 and the second gear 315, the mold body 311 will rotate continuously around its own axis. On the one hand, the rotation of the mold body 311 will drive the lubricating oil to be coated along the circumference of the aluminum material, avoiding the accumulation or partial loss of lubricating oil caused by gravity or unidirectional flow, and significantly reducing the scratch phenomenon caused by poor lubrication of the aluminum material surface. On the other hand, during the aluminum drawing process, the rotation of the mold body 311 can effectively compensate for the uneven wall thickness caused by mold wear or aluminum material eccentricity. Finally, the mold body 311 in this invention is detachably mounted on the second gear 315 to facilitate the operator to replace different models of mold bodies 311.

[0024] like Figure 2 , Figures 6-8 As shown, a sliding groove is provided on the fixed base 32. A first positioning hole 321 is provided at the end of the sliding groove near the feeding mechanism 2, and a second positioning hole 322 is provided at the end of the sliding groove away from the feeding mechanism 2. A sliding seat 316 is provided at the end of the mold base 31 near the sliding groove. A locking element is provided in the sliding seat 316. During the drawing and forming process of the aluminum material, the sliding seat 316 is aligned with the first positioning hole 321, and at the same time, the locking element is inserted into the first positioning hole 321. The sliding seat 316 and the fixed base 32 are locked together by the cooperation of the locking element and the first positioning hole 321. Through the above technical solution, the drawing force applied to the aluminum material by the traction mechanism 5 during the drawing process passes sequentially through the mold body 311, the mold base 31, the sliding seat 316, and the locking element. The element and the first positioning hole 321 transmit the force to the fixed seat 32, thereby preventing the pulling force from being directly transmitted to the linear drive 323 through the mold body 311 and mold seat 31, preventing overload damage and ensuring that the linear drive 323 is always in an unloaded state. When the operator needs to clean the pulling cavity in the mold body 311, the locking element extends from the first positioning hole 321, and the linear drive 323 drives the mold seat 31 to move until the sliding seat 316 is aligned with the second positioning hole 322. Then, the locking element is inserted into the second positioning hole 322 to relock the sliding seat 316 and the fixed seat 32. Throughout the cleaning process, the linear drive 323 remains in an unloaded state to prevent accidental stress on the linear drive 323. After cleaning, the locking element retracts from the second positioning hole 322, and the linear drive 323 drives the mold seat 31 to move in the opposite direction, so that the sliding seat 316 is aligned with the first positioning hole 321 again. The locking element is then reinserted into the first positioning hole 321, and the equipment can resume the pulling operation.

[0025] like Figures 6-8 As shown, the sliding seat 316 has a first groove and a second groove. The locking element includes a positioning block 3161, an electromagnet 3162, and a movable plate 3163. There are two positioning blocks 3161, which are positioned opposite each other at both ends of the first groove and connected by a positioning spring. The movable plate 3163 is located in the second groove, and the electromagnet 3162 is located at the end of the second groove away from the first groove. The first groove and the second groove are connected and filled with a transmission medium. The end of the movable plate 3163 near the electromagnet 3162 is magnetic. When it is necessary to lock the sliding seat 316, the electromagnet 3162 is energized to generate a magnetic field that repels the movable plate 3163. At this time, the movable plate 3163 moves away from the electromagnet 3162, thereby squeezing the transmission medium in the second groove into the first groove. At this time, the two positioning blocks 3161 will overcome the elastic force of the positioning spring and extend outward, and insert into the corresponding first positioning hole 321 or second positioning hole 322 to achieve mechanical insertion positioning.

[0026] like Figures 6-8 As shown, piezoelectric sheets are installed inside both the first positioning hole 321 and the second positioning hole 322. When the linear drive 323 drives the mold base 31 to the target position and activates the locking element in the sliding seat 316 to lock it, the electromagnet 3162 is energized to generate a magnetic field that repels the movable plate 3163. Under the action of the transmission medium, the two positioning blocks 3161 extend outward and insert into the corresponding first positioning hole 321 or second positioning hole 322. At this time, the positioning block 3161 will squeeze the piezoelectric sheet in the first positioning hole 321 or the piezoelectric sheet in the second positioning hole 322. Operators can determine whether the mold base 31 has been displaced to the correct position by monitoring whether the piezoelectric sheet generates an electrical signal. This is to prevent the linear drive 323 from failing to drive the mold base 31 to the preset target position due to transmission errors or mechanical jamming, which would cause the subsequent drawing and cleaning processes to malfunction. Finally, the fixed base 32 in this invention is made of ferromagnetic material. When the electromagnet 3162 is energized and generates a magnetic field that repels the movable plate 3163, the electromagnet 3162 will synchronously magnetically attract the fixed base 32 to form an auxiliary lock, ensuring the locking effect of the sliding base 316 in the groove.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figures 9-10As shown, the clamping mechanism 4 is connected to the machine body 1 via the traction mechanism 5. The clamping mechanism 4 includes a clamping seat 41, clamping jaws 42, and a dual-head drive unit 43. Two clamping jaws 42 are provided, and the two clamping jaws 42 are arranged opposite each other at the two working ends of the dual-head drive unit 43. When drawing aluminum, the dual-head drive unit 43 drives the two clamping jaws 42 to clamp and fix the aluminum. Then, the traction mechanism 5 drags the clamping mechanism 4 away from the forming mechanism 3 to control the aluminum to continuously pass through the mold body 311 to complete the drawing and forming. In this invention, the ends of the two clamping jaws 42 that are close to each other are provided with arc-shaped... The groove 421 has an elastic pad 422 inside. When the two jaws 42 close and clamp the aluminum material, the elastic pads 422 in the two arc grooves 421 first come into contact with the outer surface of the aluminum material. Since the elastic pads 422 have good compression deformation ability, as the jaws 42 continue to close, the elastic pads 422 are gradually compressed, and their contact area rapidly expands from the initial line contact to surface contact, uniformly covering the circumferential surface of the aluminum material. Through the above technical solution, sufficient friction is ensured, while avoiding excessive radial pressure that could cause plastic deformation or surface scratches on the aluminum material.

[0028] like Figures 9-10 As shown, the elastic pad 422 is provided with several adsorption holes, and the clamping base 41 is provided with two negative pressure modules. The two negative pressure modules are respectively connected to the arc grooves 421 in the two grippers 42. When the two grippers 42 close to clamp the aluminum material, the gas in the arc grooves 421 is drawn away by the negative pressure modules. At this time, the elastic pad 422 will be tightly adsorbed to the surface of the aluminum material. Through the above technical solution, the clamping mechanism 4 of the present invention can significantly reduce the mechanical clamping force when clamping and fixing the aluminum material to prevent the surface of the aluminum material from being damaged due to excessive force. On the other hand, it can also improve the redundancy of anti-slip and adapt to high traction pull-out.

[0029] like Figures 9-10As shown, the negative pressure module includes a cavity 45, a piston 46, and a connecting rod. The cavity 45 is connected to the external environment through a one-way valve 44. Both the piston 46 and the connecting rod are hollow structures. The piston 46 is connected to the arc-shaped groove 421 in the gripper 42 through the connecting rod. A sealing valve 461 is provided at the end of the piston 46 away from the connecting rod. In this invention, the one-way valve 44 only allows the gas in the cavity 45 to be discharged and does not allow outside air to enter the cavity 45. When the two grippers 42 are in the open state, the piston 46 is located inside the cavity 45 near the one-way valve 44, and the sealing valve 461 is in the closed state. When the two grippers 42 approach each other, the piston 46 moves away from the one-way valve 44. At this time, the volume of the side of the piston 46 closest to the one-way valve 44 increases and the internal air pressure decreases. When the two grippers 42 are fully closed and hold the aluminum material, the operator can open the sealing valve 461. At this time, the gas in the arc groove 421 will enter the cavity 45, and the air pressure in the arc groove 421 will drop below atmospheric pressure to achieve the purpose of negative pressure adsorption of aluminum material. Compared with the current negative pressure module, the present invention does not require any external power source. It relies entirely on the opening and closing action of the grippers 42 to drive the piston 46 to move, automatically generating and maintaining negative pressure.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the feeding mechanism 2 includes a mounting frame and two conveying rollers. The two conveying rollers are provided with several feeding grooves, and the bottom diameter of each feeding groove is different. During feeding, the operator can adjust the feeding position of the aluminum material according to the diameter of the aluminum material so that the aluminum material falls into the corresponding feeding groove. In this invention, the feeding grooves of the two conveying rollers correspond one-to-one to form a circular hole, which provides three-point contact guiding and conveying of the aluminum material to prevent deviation. When changing the diameter, only the axial position of the aluminum material needs to be moved, without the need to replace the conveying rollers.

[0031] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During operation, the aluminum material is clamped and fixed by the clamping mechanism 4, and dragged away from the feeding mechanism 2 by the traction mechanism 5, so that the aluminum material continuously passes through the drawing cavity in the mold body 311. The aluminum material is subjected to radial compression to achieve cross-sectional reduction molding. During this process, the oil supply system continuously supplies lubricating oil into the annular groove 3143. Guided by the annular plate 3141 and the guide pipe 3142, the lubricating oil enters the guide channel 3112. Finally, the lubricating oil is discharged from the outlet hole 3111, uniformly coating the surface of the aluminum material to form an oil film. The operator can precisely control the amount of lubricating oil discharged by adjusting the supply pressure. At the same time, the rotary drive component 312 can be turned on to rotate the drive component. The moving part 312 drives the mold body 311 to rotate around the axis, so that the lubricating oil is evenly coated along the circumference of the aluminum material and compensates for uneven wall thickness. When it is necessary to clean the sludge in the drawing cavity, the linear drive 323 drives the mold seat 31 to move a distance away from the feeding mechanism 2, so that the drawing cavity is separated from the end of the aluminum material whose diameter has not been reduced and an open gap is formed. Then, compressed gas is introduced into the annular groove 3143 through the external air pump. The gas is sprayed into the drawing cavity at high speed from the liquid outlet 3111 through the guide channel 3112 to achieve the purpose of impact peeling off the sludge. The aluminum material does not need to leave the mold body 311 during the entire cleaning process. After the cleaning is completed, the mold seat 31 is reversed and reset to resume the drawing operation.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drawing device for aluminum forming, comprising a machine body (1), a feeding mechanism (2), a forming mechanism (3), a clamping mechanism (4), and a traction mechanism (5), characterized in that: The molding mechanism (3) includes a mold base (31) and a fixed base (32). A linear drive (323) is provided on the fixed base (32). The working end of the linear drive (323) is connected to the mold base (31). A mold body (311) and a flow guide seat (314) are provided inside the mold base (311). A flow guide channel (3112) is provided inside the mold body (311). The flow guide seat (314) is located in the mold body (311) away from the feeding mechanism (2). On one side, an annular groove (3143) is provided in the flow guide seat (3143), an annular plate (3141) is provided in the annular groove (3143), a flow guide pipe (3142) is provided at one end of the annular plate (3141) near the mold body (311), and the end of the flow guide pipe (3142) away from the annular plate (3141) is inserted into the flow guide channel (3112). The annular groove (3143) is connected to the external air pump and oil supply system through the connecting pipe (3144).

2. The drawing equipment for aluminum forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow channel (3112) is provided with a liquid outlet (3111) at one end near the drawing cavity of the mold body (311). A sealing ball (3113) is provided at the connection between the liquid outlet (3111) and the flow channel (3112). The sealing ball (3113) is connected to the flow channel (3112) by a compression spring.

3. The drawing equipment for aluminum forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mold base (31) is also provided with a rotary drive (312), a first gear (313) and a second gear (315). The mold body (311) is detachably mounted on the second gear (315). The first gear (313) meshes with the second gear (315). The working end of the rotary drive (312) is connected to the first gear (313).

4. The drawing equipment for aluminum forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed base (32) is provided with a sliding groove. The end of the sliding groove near the feeding mechanism (2) is provided with a first positioning hole (321), and the end of the sliding groove away from the feeding mechanism (2) is provided with a second positioning hole (322). The mold base (31) is provided with a sliding seat (316) near the sliding groove. The sliding seat (316) is provided with a locking element.

5. The drawing equipment for aluminum forming according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding seat (316) is provided with a first groove and a second groove. The locking element includes a positioning block (3161), an electromagnet (3162), and a movable plate (3163). There are two positioning blocks (3161), which are arranged opposite each other at both ends of the first groove. The two positioning blocks (3161) are connected by a positioning spring. The movable plate (3163) is arranged in the second groove. The electromagnet (3162) is arranged at the end of the second groove away from the first groove. The first groove and the second groove are connected and filled with a transmission medium. The end of the movable plate (3163) near the electromagnet (3162) is magnetic.

6. The drawing equipment for aluminum forming according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixing base (32) is made of ferromagnetic material, and piezoelectric sheets are provided inside the first positioning hole (321) and the second positioning hole (322).

7. The drawing equipment for aluminum forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (4) is connected to the machine body (1) through the traction mechanism (5). The clamping mechanism (4) includes a clamping seat (41), a jaw (42) and a dual-head drive unit (43). There are two jaws (42), which are arranged opposite to each other at the two working ends of the dual-head drive unit (43). An arc groove (421) is provided at the end of the two jaws (42) that are close to each other. An elastic pad (422) is provided in the arc groove (421).

8. The drawing equipment for aluminum forming according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic pad (422) is provided with a number of adsorption holes, and the clamping seat (41) is provided with two negative pressure modules. The two negative pressure modules are respectively connected to the arc grooves (421) in the two grippers (42).

9. The drawing equipment for aluminum forming according to claim 8, characterized in that: The negative pressure module includes a cavity (45), a piston (46) and a connecting rod. The cavity (45) is connected to the external environment through a one-way valve (44). The piston (46) and the connecting rod are both hollow structures. The piston (46) is connected to the arc groove (421) in the gripper (42) through the connecting rod. A sealing valve (461) is provided at the end of the piston (46) away from the connecting rod.

10. The drawing equipment for aluminum forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (2) includes a mounting frame and two conveying rollers. Several conveying troughs are provided on the two conveying rollers, and the bottom diameter of each conveying trough is different.

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