Phosphonate modified montmorillonite composite flame retardant and preparation method thereof

By generating chemically anchored bimetallic phosphonates on the surface of montmorillonite, the thermal decomposition and phase separation problems caused by quaternary ammonium salt modification were solved, achieving efficient flame retardancy and improved material mechanical properties, broadening the processing temperature range and reducing smoke generation.

CN122404804APending Publication Date: 2026-07-17XINJIANG INST OF ENG
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202610785160.4
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2026-06-02
Publication Date
2026-07-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

In existing polymer flame retardant systems, montmorillonite relies on quaternary ammonium salts for organic modification, resulting in a low thermal decomposition temperature, a narrow material processing window, and easy discoloration. At the same time, the physical blending method causes the phosphorus-based flame retardant to separate from the montmorillonite in the polymer matrix, which limits the formation of cross-linked char networks and the improvement of flame retardant efficiency.

Method used

Soluble aluminum salt and soluble zinc salt are used as bridging components to undergo in-situ precipitation reaction with sodium dialkylphosphinate to generate bimetallic phosphinates chemically anchored on the surface of montmorillonite. The dispersibility of montmorillonite is improved through ion exchange and coordination condensation, and esterification and cross-linking reactions are promoted during combustion to form a dense ceramic barrier layer.

Benefits of technology

It increases the initial thermal decomposition temperature of the composite flame retardant, broadens the processing temperature range, improves dispersibility, maintains the mechanical strength of the material, and rapidly generates a dense cross-linked layer during combustion, reducing the heat release rate and smoke production.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of flame-retardant materials, and discloses a phosphinate modified montmorillonite composite flame retardant and a preparation method thereof. The flame retardant is prepared from Na-montmorillonite, soluble aluminum salt, soluble zinc salt and sodium dialkyl phosphinate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dispersing Na-montmorillonite in deionized water; adding a mixed solution of soluble aluminum salt and soluble zinc salt, and carrying out constant-temperature pre-intercalation reaction in a subacid environment; and adding a sodium dialkyl phosphinate solution to carry out in-situ precipitation reaction, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and then washing and drying. According to the invention, aluminum ions and zinc ions are coordinated and bridged on the surface of montmorillonite, and are subjected to in-situ precipitation with phosphinate to generate bimetallic phosphinate instead of quaternary ammonium salt with low thermal decomposition temperature. The alkyl long chain reduces the surface polarity, improves the dispersity of the flame retardant in a polymer matrix and maintains the mechanical strength. During combustion, chemically anchored components are quickly crosslinked to form charcoal, a compact ceramic barrier layer is generated, and the heat release rate and the total smoke generation amount are reduced.
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