A permeation lance with a self-supporting sliding shell

Abstract

This invention provides a permeation nozzle with a self-supporting sliding shell, belonging to the field of aerospace technology. It includes: a nozzle body, at least one sliding shell, multiple sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structures, and a limiting structure. The upstream of the expansion section of the nozzle body is a sealing section, and the downstream is a permeation section. The sliding shell can move relative to the nozzle body along the nozzle axis, and during movement, it is constrained by the limiting structure on the nozzle body, achieving relative fixation at a preset position. When the sliding shell does not cover the permeation section wall, the permeation section opening is in an open state; when the sliding shell covers the permeation section wall, the permeation section opening is in a closed state. By adjusting the position of the sliding shell, the communication state between the nozzle wall and the outside world can be changed under different operating conditions, suppressing the escape of combustion gases through the permeation section opening under high-altitude conditions and reducing high-altitude performance loss. This invention has a compact structure, switchable operating states, and is suitable for nozzle applications under multiple operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aerospace technology, specifically relating to a permeation nozzle with a self-supporting sliding shell. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial component of the propulsion system, the nozzle's performance directly impacts the engine's thrust and efficiency under various flight conditions. Traditional fixed-geometry nozzles exhibit optimal performance only at a fixed altitude, resulting in thrust loss at non-design altitudes. To broaden the nozzle's applicability across the entire ballistic trajectory, altitude-compensated nozzles have been continuously developed. Among these, permeable nozzles, by creating openings in the wall of the expansion section, rely on the nozzle wall's permeability to regulate the internal flow, eliminating the need for complex variable geometry or external actuation mechanisms, resulting in a simple and lightweight structure.

[0003] At low altitudes, ambient gases flow into the nozzle through the permeable wall under pressure differential, improving the local flow field structure and inner wall pressure, thus achieving thrust compensation. However, at high altitudes, the ambient pressure drops significantly, and high-temperature, high-pressure gases escape through openings in the permeable section wall, leading to a decrease in effective expansion efficiency and additional thrust loss. It becomes difficult to simultaneously achieve thrust compensation at low altitudes and propulsion efficiency at high altitudes. Therefore, how to suppress or prevent gas escape at high altitudes while ensuring low-altitude compensation is a key technical challenge limiting the overall ballistic adaptability of permeable nozzles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a permeation nozzle with a self-supporting sliding shell, which can achieve the closure of the permeation section opening under high-altitude conditions through the axial movement and positioning of the self-supporting sliding shell, thereby improving the performance of the nozzle.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A permeation nozzle with a self-supporting sliding shell includes: a nozzle body, at least one sliding shell, multiple sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structures, and a limiting structure;

[0007] Multiple sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structures are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the nozzle body;

[0008] The upstream of the expansion section of the nozzle body is a sealing section, and the downstream is a permeation section;

[0009] The sliding housing is sleeved on the outside of the nozzle body. The sliding housing is connected to the nozzle body through a sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure and moves relative to the nozzle body along the nozzle axis.

[0010] The limiting structure is installed on the nozzle body and is used to lock the sliding housing relative to the nozzle body when the sliding housing moves to a preset position.

[0011] By adjusting the position of the sliding shell, the communication state between the permeation section wall and the outside world is changed; when the sliding shell does not cover the permeation section wall, the permeation section opening is in the open state; when the sliding shell covers the permeation section wall, the permeation section opening is in the closed state.

[0012] Furthermore, the sliding shell's movement is powered by the inertial force generated by flight acceleration, thus achieving self-supporting sliding.

[0013] Furthermore, the sliding housing includes a first sliding housing and a second sliding housing, which are arranged sequentially along the nozzle axial direction.

[0014] Furthermore, the sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure includes a fixed base, a hinged slider, a sleeve-type telescopic rod, a movable slider, and a fixed end block. One end of the sleeve-type telescopic rod is connected to the hinged slider, and the other end is connected to the fixed end block. The hinged slider is mounted on the fixed base, and the fixed base is mounted on the nozzle body. The fixed end block is hinged to the second sliding housing. The sleeve-type telescopic rod slides through the hinged slider and the movable slider, and the movable slider is hinged to the first sliding housing.

[0015] Furthermore, the first sliding housing and the second sliding housing are respectively connected to the nozzle body through their respective sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structures.

[0016] Furthermore, the sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure includes a fixed base, a hinged slider, a sleeve-type telescopic rod, and a fixed end block. One end of the sleeve-type telescopic rod is connected to the hinged slider, and the other end is connected to the fixed end block. The hinged slider is hinged to the fixed base, and the fixed base is fixed to the nozzle body. The fixed end block is hinged to the corresponding first sliding housing or second sliding housing.

[0017] Furthermore, the sleeve-type telescopic rod is initially in a retracted state and gradually extends during the sliding process of the sliding housing.

[0018] Furthermore, the limiting structure includes a fixed base, a flip-lock, and a hinge. The flip-lock is rotatably connected to the fixed base via the hinge and a reset torque is applied via an elastic element.

[0019] Furthermore, when the sliding housing moves to the preset position, the sleeve-type telescopic rod of the sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure contacts the flip lock and makes it avoid it. After the sliding housing is in place, the flip lock is reset under the action of the elastic element, forming a mechanical stop on the sleeve-type telescopic rod, thereby locking the sliding housing.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] This invention employs a self-supporting sliding shell. Under the inertial force generated by flight acceleration, the sliding shell can achieve self-supporting sliding along the nozzle axis without external power input, resulting in high reliability. The self-supporting sliding shell is only used to close the permeation section opening under high-altitude conditions; its structural design does not need to meet high load-bearing or high stiffness requirements, allowing for a lightweight structural form. This design minimizes the added mass of the sliding shell to the propulsion system, which is beneficial for maintaining the aircraft's payload capacity and overall performance indicators.

[0022] This invention employs a sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure and a slider-slider guide structure to achieve axially controlled movement. The guide rod is a sleeve-type telescopic rod, initially in a retracted state, and gradually releases its effective length during the deployment of the sliding shell. Throughout the movement, the exposed length of the guide rod is effectively controlled, reducing the impact of aerodynamic loads, vibration loads, and environmental erosion, thus improving the structural stability and reliability of the guide structure under high acceleration and complex load conditions. Multiple sets of guide structures can be arranged along the circumference of the nozzle, and can be added or removed according to the nozzle size and structural strength requirements, thereby effectively improving the stability and resistance to eccentric loads during the movement of the sliding shell.

[0023] This invention employs a passive mechanical automatic limiting and locking mechanism. After the sliding housing moves to a preset position, it automatically completes the limiting and locking process under the action of the latch and elastic element, eliminating the need for additional electro-hydraulic or pneumatic actuation mechanisms and significantly simplifying the control system and overall structure. This structure does not damage the nozzle body or housing when unlocking, facilitating recovery and reuse, and demonstrating good engineering practicality.

[0024] This invention improves overall propulsion efficiency. At low altitudes, the sliding shell does not cover the permeation section, and the permeation section openings are open, allowing ambient gas to enter the nozzle. This adjusts the local flow field structure and improves the pressure distribution on the nozzle wall, effectively compensating for nozzle thrust. At high altitudes, the sliding shell covers the permeation section wall, and the permeation section openings are closed, effectively preventing high-temperature combustion gases from escaping through the openings and reducing thrust loss. By switching the permeation section opening state under different conditions, the overall propulsion efficiency of the nozzle is improved across the entire trajectory.

[0025] This invention offers convenient maintenance, a clear overall structure, a small number of parts, and relatively independent functional modules. When the sliding housing, guide structure, or limiting structure suffers partial damage, it can be disassembled and replaced without affecting the integrity of the nozzle body, thus facilitating maintenance and reducing maintenance costs.

[0026] This invention provides segmented adjustment under multiple operating conditions. One or more sliding housings are designed according to actual needs, each equipped with guiding and locking structures. This allows for segmented control of the opening status at different axial positions of the permeation section under different flight altitudes. For example, under specific conditions, the upstream opening of the permeation section can be closed while the downstream opening remains open, ensuring the nozzle still provides thrust compensation in a wider flight range.

[0027] The sliding housing of this invention can move relative to the nozzle body along the nozzle axis. During movement, it is constrained by the limiting structure on the nozzle body and can be relatively fixed at a preset position. When the sliding housing does not cover the permeation section wall, the permeation section opening is in the open state; when the sliding housing covers the permeation section wall, the permeation section opening is in the closed state. By adjusting the position of the sliding housing, the communication state between the nozzle wall and the outside world can be changed under different operating conditions. In high-altitude conditions, it can suppress the escape of gas through the permeation section opening, reducing high-altitude performance loss. This permeation nozzle has a compact structure, switchable operating states, and is suitable for nozzle applications under multiple operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sliding housing and the second sliding housing of the present invention when they share a set of sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure;

[0029] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the relative sliding process of the sliding shell of the present invention along the nozzle axis under the inertial force driven by flight acceleration;

[0030] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in its high-altitude state;

[0031] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sleeve-type telescopic rod of the permeation nozzle of the present invention.

[0032] Appendix Figure 5 It is attached Figure 4 A magnified view of part A in the image;

[0033] Appendix Figure 6 It is attached Figure 4 A magnified view of part B in the image;

[0034] Appendix Figure 7a This is a schematic diagram of the permeation nozzle limiting structure of the present invention when the sleeve-type telescopic rod does not contact the latch during the sliding process of the shell;

[0035] Appendix Figure 7b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve-type telescopic rod of the present invention when it contacts the latch and is subjected to radial load;

[0036] Appendix Figure 7c This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, in which the sliding housing fully reaches the preset locking position, the flip lock automatically resets under the action of the torsion spring, and the sleeve-type telescopic rod is mechanically locked.

[0037] Appendix Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first sliding housing and the second sliding housing of the present invention, each using a corresponding sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure and in a transitional state.

[0038] In the attached diagram: 1. Nozzle body; 2. First sliding housing; 3. Second sliding housing; 4. Sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure; 4-1. Fixed base; 4-2. Hinge slider; 4-3. Sleeve-type telescopic rod; 4-4. Moving slider; 4-5. Fixed end block; 5. Limiting structure; 5-1. Fixed base; 5-2. Flip lock; 5-3. Hinge. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] This invention provides a permeation nozzle with a self-supporting sliding shell, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a nozzle body 1, at least one sliding housing, multiple sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structures 4, and a limiting structure 5;

[0041] Multiple sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structures 4 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the nozzle body 1 to restrict the radial displacement and circumferential rotational freedom of the sliding housing, allowing it to slide relative to each other only along the nozzle axial direction.

[0042] The upstream of the expansion section of the nozzle body 1 is a sealing section, and the downstream is a permeation section. The permeation section has a number of permeation openings evenly distributed on its wall to enable communication between the internal flow field of the nozzle and the external environment.

[0043] The sliding housing is sleeved on the outside of the nozzle body 1. The sliding housing is connected to the nozzle body 1 through the sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure 4 and moves relative to the nozzle body 1 along the nozzle axis.

[0044] The limiting structure 5 is installed on the nozzle body 1 and is used to lock the sliding housing relative to the nozzle body 1 when the sliding housing moves to a preset position.

[0045] By adjusting the position of the sliding shell, the communication state between the permeation section wall and the outside world is changed; when the sliding shell does not cover the permeation section wall, the permeation section opening is in the open state; when the sliding shell covers the permeation section wall, the permeation section opening is in the closed state.

[0046] The sliding shell is powered by the inertial force generated by flight acceleration, thus achieving self-supporting sliding.

[0047] The sliding housing includes a first sliding housing 2 and a second sliding housing 3, which are arranged sequentially along the nozzle axis.

[0048] The sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure 4 includes a fixed base 4-1, a hinged slider 4-2, a sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3, a movable slider 4-4, and a fixed end block 4-5; the sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3 is initially in a retracted state and gradually extends during the sliding process of the sliding shell.

[0049] In the initial stage of operation, the telescopic rod 4-3 is in a retracted state. As the first sliding housing 2 and the second sliding housing 3 slide along the nozzle axis under the action of inertial force, the fixed end block 4-5 applies radial force to the outermost sleeve of the telescopic rod 4-3, causing each section of the sleeve in the retracted state to gradually unfold.

[0050] The limiting structure 5 includes a fixed base 5-1, a flip lock 5-2, and a hinge 5-3. The flip lock 5-2 is rotatably connected to the fixed base 5-1 through the hinge 5-3, and a reset torque is applied through an elastic element.

[0051] When the sliding housing moves to the preset position, the sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3 of the sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure 4 contacts the flip lock 5-2 and makes it avoid it. After the sliding housing is in place, the flip lock 5-2 is reset under the action of the elastic element, forming a mechanical stop on the sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3, thereby locking the sliding housing.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first sliding housing 2 and the second sliding housing 3 share a set of sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure 4 connected to the nozzle body 1.

[0053] The sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure 4 includes a fixed base 4-1, a hinged slider 4-2, a sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3, a movable slider 4-4, and a fixed end block 4-5. One end of the sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3 is connected to the hinged slider 4-2, and the other end is connected to the fixed end block 4-5. The hinged slider 4-2 is mounted on the fixed base 4-1, and the fixed base 4-1 is mounted on the nozzle body 1. The fixed end block 4-5 is hinged to the second sliding housing 3. The sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3 slides through the hinged slider 4-2 and the movable slider 4-4. The movable slider 4-4 is hinged to the first sliding housing 2.

[0054] Appendix Figure 1 The diagram shows a schematic of the permeation nozzle of the present invention in a low-altitude state, with the sliding housing employing the same guiding and locking structure. The sliding housing is in its initial position and does not cover the permeation section of the nozzle body.

[0055] The limiting structure 5 is installed at a preset position on the outer wall of the nozzle body 1. An external limiting block is provided on the flip-lock 5-2, and a reset torque is applied by a torsion spring to maintain a stable pre-position under no external load. (See attached diagram.) Figure 7a As shown.

[0056] The limiting structure 5 maintains a stable pre-position in a static state thanks to its external limiting block. When the first sliding housing 2 and the second sliding housing 3 move to the vicinity of their preset locking positions, the sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3 contacts the flip-lock 5-2 and applies a radial load to the lock 5-2, driving it to rotate around the hinge axis to avoid collision. When the sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3 has fully reached the preset locking position, the external load is removed, and the flip-lock 5-2 automatically resets under the restoring torque of the torsion spring. Its limiting part falls back to the upper end of the sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3, acting as a stop block to restrict its reverse movement, forming a mechanical lock, thereby achieving the constraint and positioning of the sliding housing.

[0057] During the initial phase of flight (low-altitude operating conditions), as shown in the attached... Figure 1 As shown, both sliding housing 2 and sliding housing 3 are in their initial positions, not covering the wall of the permeation section of the nozzle body 1. The permeation section opening is in the open state, and external ambient gas can enter the nozzle through the permeation opening.

[0058] As the flight altitude increases, the axial acceleration generated by the aircraft causes the first sliding housing 2 and the second sliding housing 3 to slide relative to each other in the downstream direction along the nozzle axis under the action of inertial force.

[0059] As attached Figure 2As shown, during the sliding process, the sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3 on the sliding housing gradually approaches and contacts the flip-lock 5-2 in the limiting structure 5, applying a radial load to the flip-lock 5-2 and driving it to rotate around the hinge axis to achieve avoidance. Figure 7b As shown.

[0060] After the sliding housings 2 and 3 have fully moved to the preset locking position, the external load is removed, and the flip-lock 5b automatically rotates under the return torque of the torsion spring. Its limiting part falls back to the upper end of the sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3, forming a mechanical stop on the sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3, thereby achieving axial locking of the sliding housings, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 and Figure 7c As shown. Under this high-altitude operating condition, the sliding shell 2 and the sliding shell 3 together cover the wall of the permeation section of the nozzle body 1, and the permeation section opening is in a closed state, which effectively inhibits the high-temperature gas from escaping outward through the permeation opening and reduces the thrust loss at high altitude.

[0061] The sliding housing can move relative to the nozzle body along the nozzle axis and is constrained by the limiting structure on the nozzle body during the movement, thereby achieving relative fixation at a preset position. By adjusting the position of the sliding housing, the communication state between the nozzle wall and the outside world under different operating conditions can be changed, and the gas can be suppressed from escaping outward through the permeation section opening under high-altitude operating conditions, thereby reducing high-altitude performance loss.

[0062] The sliding housing relies on the inertial force generated by flight acceleration to slide along the nozzle axis, achieving self-supporting motion without the need for an additional drive device, thus improving structural simplicity and reliability. In the initial working stage, the guide rod is in a retracted state. As the two sliding housings slide along the nozzle axis under the action of inertial force, the fixed end block applies a radial force to the outer sleeve of the guide rod, causing the retracted guide rod within the sleeve cavity to gradually unfold. The limiting structure adopts a mechanical locking structure, relying on its external limiting block to maintain stable pre-positioning in a static state. When the sliding housing moves to near its preset locking position, the sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3 applies a radial load to the lock, driving it to rotate around the hinge axis to avoid collision. Once the sliding housing has fully reached the preset locking position, the external load is removed, and the flip-lock automatically resets under the action of the torsion spring, mechanically locking the sliding housing and ensuring its positional stability and safety during operation.

[0063] Example 2:

[0064] In this embodiment, the first sliding housing 2 and the second sliding housing 3 are equipped with independent sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structures 4 and limiting structures 5 to achieve segmented control of different axial opening areas of the permeation section.

[0065] Specifically, a sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure 4 and a limiting structure 5 are respectively provided between the sliding housing 2 and the nozzle body 1, and between the sliding housing 3 and the nozzle body 1. The limiting structure is the same as the mechanical locking structure described in Embodiment 1, both including a fixed base, a flip lock and a hinge, and automatic reset and locking are achieved by a torsion spring.

[0066] Under low-altitude conditions, both the first sliding shell 2 and the second sliding shell 3 are in their initial positions, and all openings in the permeation section are open. During flight, as flight acceleration and flight conditions change, the first sliding shell 2 preferentially slides under the action of inertial force and is locked in a preset position by the limiting structure 5, thereby covering the upstream area of ​​the permeation section; the second sliding shell 3 remains in its initial position, keeping the downstream openings of the permeation section open, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 8 As shown, as the flight altitude increases further, the second sliding shell 3 slides under the action of inertial force and is locked by its corresponding limiting structure 5, thereby achieving complete coverage of the entire permeation section.

[0067] By using the segmented sliding and segmented locking methods described above, the opening status of the permeation section at different axial positions can be flexibly adjusted according to flight altitude and operating conditions, thereby further expanding the application range of the permeation nozzle under multiple operating conditions and multiple ballistic conditions.

[0068] In this embodiment, the sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure 4 includes a fixed base 4-1, a hinged slider 4-2, a sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3, and a fixed end block 4-5. One end of the sleeve-type telescopic rod 4-3 is connected to the hinged slider 4-2, and the other end is connected to the fixed end block 4-5. The hinged slider 4-2 is hinged to the fixed base 4-1. The fixed base 4-1 is fixed to the nozzle body 1. The fixed end block 4-5 is hinged to the corresponding first sliding housing 2 or second sliding housing 3.

[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permeation nozzle with a self-supporting sliding shell, characterized in that, include: The nozzle body (1), at least one sliding housing, multiple sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structures (4) and limiting structure (5); Multiple sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structures (4) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the nozzle body (1); The upstream of the expansion section of the nozzle body (1) is a sealing section, and the downstream is a permeation section; The sliding housing is sleeved on the outside of the nozzle body (1). The sliding housing is connected to the nozzle body (1) through the sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure (4) and moves relative to the nozzle body (1) along the nozzle axis. The limiting structure (5) is installed on the nozzle body (1) and is used to lock the sliding housing relative to the nozzle body (1) when the sliding housing moves to the preset position; By adjusting the position of the sliding shell, the communication state between the permeation section wall and the outside world is changed; when the sliding shell does not cover the permeation section wall, the permeation section opening is in the open state; when the sliding shell covers the permeation section wall, the permeation section opening is in the closed state.

2. The permeation nozzle with a self-supporting sliding shell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding shell is powered by the inertial force generated by flight acceleration, thus achieving self-supporting sliding.

3. The permeation nozzle with a self-supporting sliding shell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding housing includes a first sliding housing (2) and a second sliding housing (3), which are arranged sequentially along the nozzle axis.

4. The permeation nozzle with a self-supporting sliding shell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first sliding housing (2) and the second sliding housing (3) share a set of sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure (4) connected to the nozzle body (1).

5. The permeation nozzle with a self-supporting sliding shell according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure (4) includes a fixed base (4-1), a hinged slider (4-2), a sleeve-type telescopic rod (4-3), a movable slider (4-4), and a fixed end block (4-5). One end of the sleeve-type telescopic rod (4-3) is connected to the hinged slider (4-2), and the other end is connected to the fixed end block (4-5). The hinged slider (4-2) is mounted on the fixed base (4-1), and the fixed base (4-1) is mounted on the nozzle body (1). The fixed end block (4-5) is hinged to the second sliding housing (3). The sleeve-type telescopic rod (4-3) slides through the hinged slider (4-2) and the movable slider (4-4). The movable slider (4-4) is hinged to the first sliding housing (2).

6. The permeation nozzle with a self-supporting sliding shell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first sliding housing (2) and the second sliding housing (3) are respectively connected to the nozzle body (1) through their respective sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structures (4).

7. The permeation nozzle with a self-supporting sliding shell according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure (4) includes a fixed base (4-1), a hinged slider (4-2), a sleeve-type telescopic rod (4-3), and a fixed end block (4-5). One end of the sleeve-type telescopic rod (4-3) is connected to the hinged slider (4-2), and the other end is connected to the fixed end block (4-5). The hinged slider (4-2) is hinged to the fixed base (4-1). The fixed base (4-1) is fixed to the nozzle body (1). The fixed end block (4-5) is hinged to the corresponding first sliding housing (2) or second sliding housing (3).

8. The permeation nozzle with a self-supporting sliding shell according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that, The sleeve-type telescopic rod (4-3) is initially in a retracted state and gradually extends during the sliding process of the sliding shell.

9. The permeation nozzle with a self-supporting sliding shell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting structure (5) includes a fixed base (5-1), a flip lock (5-2), and a hinge (5-3). The flip lock (5-2) is rotatably connected to the fixed base (5-1) through the hinge (5-3) and a reset torque is applied through an elastic element.

10. The permeation nozzle with a self-supporting sliding shell according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the sliding housing moves to the preset position, the sleeve-type telescopic rod (4-3) of the sleeve-type telescopic rod guide structure (4) contacts the flip lock (5-2) and makes it avoid it. After the sliding housing is in place, the flip lock (5-2) is reset under the action of the elastic element, forming a mechanical stop on the sleeve-type telescopic rod (4-3), thereby locking the sliding housing.

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