A constellation geometry shaping system and method for few-mode fiber space division multiplexing

By using end-to-end differentiable communication links and a dual-track training optimization strategy, the constellation geometry of the few-mode fiber system was optimized, which solved the performance bottleneck caused by mode-dependent loss and improved the robustness and transmission performance of the system.

CN122419612APending Publication Date: 2026-07-17CHONGQING UNIV OF POSTS & TELECOMM
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202610733286.7
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2026-05-26
Publication Date
2026-07-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing geometric shaping methods struggle to balance worst-case mode performance in few-mode fiber systems, failing to effectively alleviate the performance bottleneck caused by mode-dependent loss (MDL). Furthermore, deep learning-based optimization schemes struggle to handle non-differentiable processing modules at the receiver, leading to performance discrepancies between the trained model and the actual system.

Method used

A constellation geometry shaping system for few-mode fiber spatial division multiplexing is provided, including an initialization configuration module, a trainable geometry shaping transmitter module, a few-mode fiber microchannel transmission module, a receiver-end differentiable digital signal processing module, and a dual-track training and verification module. The system optimizes the constellation point distribution to enhance robustness through an end-to-end fully differentiable communication link and a dual-track training optimization strategy.

Benefits of technology

It significantly improves the generalized mutual information of various spatial modes, reduces the system bit error rate, widens the optimal operating power range of the system, and enhances transmission robustness. It is suitable for high-speed optical fiber communication and spatial division multiplexing few-mode transmission networks.

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Abstract

The application relates to a constellation geometry shaping system and method for few-mode fiber space division multiplexing, and belongs to the technical field of optical fiber communication and digital signal processing. The system and method are based on a module designed in the system. Firstly, system parameter configuration, initial constellation construction and mode-dependent loss parameter setting are completed in the system initialization layer, and a transmission signal is generated. Then, the signal enters a few-mode fiber microchannel based on a step-by-step Fourier method to complete a signal transmission process. A full-micro digital signal processing link is established at the receiving end to process the signal. In the training track, a joint loss function is constructed based on a multi-mode generalized mutual information, and optimization is carried out in combination with a weighting mechanism. Through automatic differentiation, constellation parameter iterative updating is realized. In the verification track, the channel condition is fixed, the constellation performance is evaluated, and the optimal constellation result is selected. The application can reconfigurably realize mode-dependent loss-resistant geometry shaping of a constellation diagram without changing the existing optical communication transceiver structure.
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