A small module numerical control gear hobbing machine

Abstract

The application discloses a small-module numerical control gear hobbing machine, which comprises a rack, a guide rail base and a lifting mounting base are installed on the surface of the rack through mounting bases, the surface of the guide rail base is outwardly inclined by 45 degrees and is provided with a Y-direction supporting plate which is in sliding cooperation with the guide rail base, a workpiece shaft assembly and a tailstock center shaft assembly are correspondingly installed on the top surface of the Y-direction supporting plate, the workpiece shaft assembly and the tailstock center shaft assembly are connected through a gear set and a spline shaft, one side of the lifting mounting base is provided with a lifting seat body through a lifting sliding seat, the bottom of the lifting seat body is connected with a worm and worm wheel pair through a lifting lead screw and a lifting sleeve, the bottom of the lifting seat body is further connected with a counterweight through a guide rod, the top of the lifting seat body is fixedly installed with a rotatable-adjusting hob shaft seat through a horizontal supporting plate, and a hob shaft assembly is fixedly installed on the hob shaft seat. The application effectively improves the anti-deformation capacity and stability of the whole machine structure and significantly improves the precision of small-module gear hobbing machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machining technology, specifically relating to a small-module CNC gear hobbing machine. Background Technology

[0002] Small module gear hobbing machines are precision CNC machines widely used in the machining of small module gears. Their machining accuracy and stability directly affect the transmission performance of the gears. Existing small module gear hobbing machines mostly use parallel arrangement of the main guide rails, resulting in poor overall vibration and deformation resistance. Under cutting loads, they are prone to bending deformation. The remaining motion guide rails are mostly horizontally arranged or in a flat cross-shaped layout, resulting in poor spatial three-dimensionality and insufficient rigidity due to their flat configuration, thus also leading to poor deformation resistance. Furthermore, the lifting motion mostly uses worm gear transmission. Traditional worm gears have a fixed center distance, making it impossible to adjust the meshing backlash. After prolonged use, backlash errors will occur, affecting lifting accuracy. Moreover, the counterweight for the lifting motion is mostly direct counterweight, resulting in high weight and large volume, which increases the overall structural load and moment of inertia, affecting the response speed and smoothness of lifting start and stop, thus significantly impacting machining accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a small module CNC gear hobbing machine that can effectively improve the rigidity of the motion guide and meet the requirements of high-precision small module gear processing, in order to address the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: a small module CNC gear hobbing machine, including a frame, a mounting base fixedly connected to the surface of the frame, a guide rail seat installed on the front side of the mounting base along the length direction of the mounting base, the surface of the guide rail seat inclined outward at 45°, and a slide rail installed on the surface of the guide rail seat along its length direction, a Y-axis support plate slidably engaged with the slide rail, a Y-axis drive mechanism for sliding on the slide rail installed on the bottom side of one side of the Y-axis support plate, a workpiece shaft mounting seat installed on the top surface, and a tailstock mounting seat slidably engaged with the Y-axis support plate and aligned with the sliding direction of the Y-axis support plate on the top side of the support plate, a tailstock drive mechanism installed on the tailstock mounting seat, a workpiece shaft assembly and a tailstock center shaft assembly respectively installed on the top of the workpiece shaft mounting seat and the tailstock mounting seat, and corresponding gear sets symmetrically installed on the drive shafts of the workpiece shaft assembly and the tailstock center shaft assembly, and the two gear sets are connected by a spline shaft;

[0005] A lifting mounting seat is fixedly installed at the rear center of the mounting base. A lifting slide is integrally formed on the side of the lifting mounting seat near the guide rail seat. An L-shaped lifting seat body is provided on the lifting slide body. The inner side of the vertical seat body of the lifting seat body slides and slides. A vertically arranged lifting screw is installed at the bottom center of the horizontal seat body of the lifting seat body through a bearing. The bottom end of the lifting screw extends into the lifting mounting seat and is fitted with a lifting sleeve that is threaded to it. A rotating bushing is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting sleeve. A worm gear is fitted on the rotating bushing. A support is fixedly installed inside the lifting mounting seat. A worm gear assembly with an adjustable worm gear center distance is installed on the support through a strip hole. The front section of the worm in the worm gear assembly meshes with the worm gear. A lifting motor is connected to the end of the worm. Vertically arranged guide rods are also symmetrically installed on both sides of the bottom of the horizontal seat body of the lifting seat body. The bottom ends of the two guide rods pass through the lifting mounting seat and the mounting base in sequence and are located in the frame. A counterweight is connected between the bottom ends of the two guide rods by a hanging rope.

[0006] A horizontal support plate is slidably connected to the top of the horizontal seat of the lifting body. An X-axis drive mechanism is installed at the rear end of the horizontal support plate. A rotatable and adjustable hob shaft seat is fixedly installed on the surface of the horizontal support plate. A hob shaft assembly is fixedly installed on the hob shaft seat.

[0007] Preferably, fixed pulleys are symmetrically installed on the outer sides of the two guide rods on the inner top surface of the frame, and movable pulleys are symmetrically installed on the bottom of the two guide rods. A load-bearing block is installed in the middle between the two guide rods. The hanging rope is placed on the load-bearing block, and the two ends of the hanging rope pass through the corresponding movable pulley and fixed pulley in sequence before being fixedly connected to the counterweight.

[0008] Preferably, the surface of the load-bearing block has a hanging rope slot at the center line along its length.

[0009] Preferably, the worm gear assembly includes a worm sleeve and a worm. One end of the worm sleeve is formed with a mounting plate, and the mounting plate has an adjustment hole that corresponds to the slotted hole. The worm sleeve is fixed to the support member by a locking member through the adjustment hole and the slotted hole. A bearing matching the worm is installed at the center of the mounting plate of the worm sleeve. The worm is fixedly installed in the worm sleeve through the bearing. The worm sleeve has a notch on the side near the worm wheel, and the worm wheel meshes with the worm at the notch. The end of the worm extends out of the mounting plate and is connected to the lifting motor through a connecting bushing.

[0010] Preferably, the workpiece shaft assembly includes a workpiece rotation motor, a drive shaft, and a workpiece clamping seat; the tailstock center shaft assembly includes a center shaft, and the drive shaft and the center shaft are respectively fitted with the same drive gear and driven gear. The drive gear and driven gear are meshed with the same transition gear below them, and the two transition gears are meshed with the same size transmission gear below them. The two transmission gears are connected by a spline shaft. The section of the spline shaft below the center shaft is a spline section. The end of the spline section of the spline shaft is connected to the spline groove at the center of the corresponding transmission gear, and the spline section of the spline shaft and the spline groove at the center of the corresponding transmission gear are in sliding engagement. When the tailstock drive mechanism drives the tailstock center assembly to move, the spline shaft slides synchronously with the transmission gear through the sliding engagement. Through the drive gear, transition gear, transmission gear, and spline shaft, the workpiece rotation motor drives the workpiece clamping seat and the center shaft to achieve coaxial synchronous rotation after clamping the workpiece.

[0011] Preferably, the driving gear, driven gear, transition gear and transmission gear are all set with a prime number of teeth, wherein the driving gear, driven gear and transmission gear are the same and use 39 teeth, and the transition gear uses 29 teeth.

[0012] Preferably, the tailstock mounting base is also equipped with a tailstock clamping mechanism that is perpendicular to the Y-axis support plate.

[0013] Preferably, the tailstock clamping mechanism includes a cylinder body placed on the surface of the tailstock mounting base. A piston that cooperates with the cylinder body is provided in the cylinder body. A clamping groove is opened on the top of the piston. A disc spring is installed between the clamping groove and the top surface of the cylinder body. An air chamber is formed between the bottom of the piston and the bottom of the cylinder body. The air chamber is connected to a control air source. A clamping rod perpendicular to the Y-axis support plate is formed at the center of the bottom of the piston. The clamping rod passes through the tailstock mounting base. When the cylinder body loses air, the disc spring elastically returns, causing the end face of the clamping rod to press against the surface of the Y-axis support plate.

[0014] Preferably, the X-axis drive mechanism includes an X-axis slide block, an X-axis groove, an X-axis slider, an X-axis lead screw, and an X-axis drive motor. The top surface of the horizontal seat of the lifting body is integrally formed with an X-axis slide block. An X-axis groove is formed on the surface of the X-axis slide block along its length. An X-axis slider is installed in the X-axis groove and slides with it. An X-axis lead screw is installed in the X-axis groove along its length, passing through the X-axis slider and threadedly engaging with it. The top of the X-axis slider is fixedly connected to the horizontal support plate, and the end of the X-axis lead screw is connected to the X-axis drive motor.

[0015] Preferably, the tailstock drive mechanism includes a Y-axis slide block, a Y-axis groove, a Y-axis slider, a Y-axis lead screw, and a tailstock drive motor. The Y-axis slide block is integrally formed along the centerline of the side of the Y-axis support plate away from the workpiece axis mounting seat. A Y-axis groove is formed on the surface of the Y-axis slide block along its length direction. A Y-axis slider is installed in the Y-axis groove and slides with it. A Y-axis lead screw is installed in the Y-axis groove along its length direction, penetrating the Y-axis slider and threadedly engaging with it. The top of the Y-axis slider is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tailstock mounting seat, and the end of the Y-axis lead screw is connected to the tailstock drive motor.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] (1) The slide rails are laid out at a 45° angle, relying on the principle of triangular stability structure, thereby improving the machine's resistance to deformation during processing, which improves the stability of the operation;

[0018] (2) The two-dimensional motion in the X and Y directions adopts an inverted L-shaped lifting seat, which has better rigidity than the traditional horizontal guide rail and cross-shaped guide rail. The L-shaped lifting seat also forms a triangular stable structure, which improves the structural stability. Compared with the flat cross-shaped arrangement, the vertical inverted L-shaped layout has stronger spatial three-dimensionality, which can effectively avoid the problem of insufficient rigidity caused by the limited space and flat configuration of the traditional structure, greatly improve the load-bearing capacity and deformation resistance of the two-dimensional motion guide seat, and ensure the accuracy of linkage motion.

[0019] (3) The mechanical gear and spline shaft hard connection structure between the workpiece shaft assembly and the tailstock center shaft assembly can effectively ensure that the workpiece spindle and the tailstock center shaft can achieve coaxial synchronous rotation after clamping the workpiece. Compared with the conventional electric control synchronization method, it fundamentally avoids the accidental step loss problem that is easy to occur in the electric control connection, and ensures the accuracy of rotation synchronization is stable and reliable. At the same time, the number of teeth of the driving gear, driven gear, transition gear and transmission gear are all designed with prime number teeth, which can balance the gear pitch error, thereby avoiding the accumulation of transmission error and periodic vibration, ensuring long-term stable transmission uniformity, and significantly improving the tooth profile accuracy and consistency of small module gear processing.

[0020] (4) The clamping force of the tailstock center of the tailstock center shaft assembly against the workpiece is in the direction of Y. The drive mechanism drives the tailstock mounting seat to move towards the workpiece shaft assembly. At the same time, it generates a stable and controllable clamping force by relying on the stall torque of the workpiece rotating motor. This can accurately adapt to the clamping requirements of different specifications of workpieces and avoid errors caused by manual adjustment of the clamping force.

[0021] (5) Set a tailstock clamping mechanism. When the clamping force of the tailstock tip reaches the preset requirement, the cylinder of the tailstock clamping mechanism loses air, and the piston is pressed down by the elastic restoring force of the disc spring, so that the end face of the clamping rod is pressed against the surface of the Y-direction support plate, thereby locking the position of the tailstock mounting seat, that is, locking the position of the tailstock tip shaft assembly, thereby ensuring that the clamping force is stable and the tailstock is not displaced during the workpiece clamping process, and further ensuring the dynamic accuracy of the workpiece during rotation.

[0022] (6) The worm gear assembly is installed on one side of the worm wheel through the strip hole and meshes. The installation position can be adjusted through the strip hole to control the center distance between the worm wheel and the worm, thereby achieving precise compensation and optimization of the meshing backlash, effectively eliminating the backlash error caused by the transmission backlash, ensuring accurate positioning of the lifting motion and smooth transmission, and further improving the machining accuracy and operational reliability of the whole machine.

[0023] (7) The lifting seat is counterweighted by guide rod and adopts a counterweight balance design combining movable pulleys and fixed pulleys. Under the premise of ensuring the balance effect remains unchanged, the weight of the counterweight can be halved by the movable pulley, which optimizes the spatial layout of the machine tool. At the same time, it also reduces the load and motion inertia of the counterweight mechanism on the whole machine structure, effectively improves the start and stop response speed and running stability of the Z-axis lifting motion, thereby improving the machining accuracy of small module gears;

[0024] (8) Except for the slide rail, all other motion rails adopt a rigid rail design integrally formed with the main body, which provides excellent rigidity, anti-deformation ability and anti-vibration ability, effectively improving the dynamic rigidity of the machine tool and adapting to the cutting load requirements in the small module gear machining process.

[0025] This invention effectively improves the deformation resistance and stability of the entire machine structure through the 45° main slide rail and the inverted L-shaped two-dimensional motion setting. Through the mechanical hard connection between the workpiece shaft assembly and the tailstock center shaft assembly and the lifting transmission structure with adjustable worm gear center distance, combined with the unique pulley combination counterweight, the accuracy of small module gear hobbing is significantly improved. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of the tailstock mounting base of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the workpiece shaft assembly and the tailstock center shaft assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal connection between the workpiece shaft assembly and the tailstock center shaft assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tailstock clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a partial schematic diagram of the lifting mounting base of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal installation of the lifting mounting base of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the worm gear connection of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the counterweight connection of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a partial schematic diagram of the pulley system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the X-axis driving mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the hob shaft holder of the present invention.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Mounting base; 3. Guide rail seat; 4. Slide rail; 5. Y-axis support plate; 6. Y-axis drive mechanism; 7. Workpiece shaft mounting seat; 8. Tailstock mounting seat; 9. Tailstock drive mechanism; 10. Workpiece shaft assembly; 11. Tailstock center shaft assembly; 12. Gear set; 13. Splined shaft; 14. Lifting mounting seat; 15. Lifting slide; 16. Lifting seat body; 17. Lifting screw; 18. Lifting sleeve; 19. Rotating bushing; 20. Worm gear; 21. Support component; 23. Worm gear assembly; 24. Lifting motor; 25. Guide rod; 26. Hanging rope; 27. Counterweight; 28. Horizontal support plate; 29. ​​X-axis drive mechanism; 30. Hob shaft seat; 31. Hob shaft assembly; 32. Fixed pulley; 33. Moving pulley; 34. Load-bearing block; 35. Tailstock clamping mechanism; 901, Y-axis slide block; 902, Y-axis slide groove; 903, Y-axis slider; 904, Y-axis lead screw; 905, tailstock drive motor; 1001, workpiece rotation motor; 1002, drive shaft; 1003, workpiece clamping seat; 1101, center shaft; 1201, drive gear; 1202, driven gear; 1203, transition gear; 1204, transmission gear; 2301, worm sleeve; 2302, worm; 2303, mounting plate; 2304, notch; 2901, X-axis slide block; 2902, X-axis slide groove; 2903, X-axis slider; 2904, X-axis lead screw; 2905, X-axis drive motor; 3501, cylinder body; 3502, piston; 3503, disc spring; 3504, clamping rod. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Example

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the small module CNC gear hobbing machine provided in this embodiment includes a frame 1. A mounting base 2 is fixedly connected to the surface of the frame 1. A guide rail seat 3 is installed on the front side of the mounting base 2 along the length direction of the mounting base 2. The guide rail seat 3 has a triangular cross-section and its surface is inclined outward at 45°. Both the mounting base 2 and the guide rail seat 3 are made of cast iron. Compared with welded steel structure bases, wear-resistant cast iron has excellent shock absorption and vibration reduction performance, which can effectively suppress the interference of cutting vibration on machining accuracy. At the same time, the cast iron base is fully aged, and the internal stress is completely eliminated. It has high dimensional stability over long-term use. The synergistic effect with the 45° inclined guide rail 4 structure significantly improves the rigidity of the machine tool and the machining stability.

[0042] The guide rail base 3 is mounted with slide rails 4 arranged along its length. In this embodiment, there are two slide rails 4, which are symmetrically and parallelly mounted on both sides of the guide rail base 3 along its length. A Y-axis support plate 5 is mounted on the slide rail 4 and slides therewith. A Y-axis drive mechanism 6 is mounted on the bottom side of one side of the Y-axis support plate 5 to make it slide on the slide rail 4. Specifically, in this embodiment, the Y-axis drive mechanism 6 includes a slide block, a slider, a lead screw, and a Y-axis drive motor. A mounting groove is opened on the left side surface of the guide rail base 3 between the two slide rails 4, and a sliding support plate is mounted in the mounting groove. The slide block is fitted with a lead screw that runs along the length of the guide rail 3 in the mounting groove. The lead screw passes through the slide block and is threaded into the slide block. One end of the lead screw is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting groove by a bearing, and the other end extends out of the guide rail 3 and is connected to the Y-axis drive motor through a coupling. Four sliders are evenly distributed on the slide rail 4. The surface of the sliders is on the same plane as the surface of the slide block. The bottom surface of the Y-axis support plate 5 is fixedly connected to the surface of the sliders and the surface of the slide block. Thus, the Y-axis drive motor works, and through the cooperation of the lead screw and the slide block, it drives the Y-axis support plate 5 to perform Y-axis translational movement along the slide rail 4.

[0043] A tailstock mounting seat 8 is installed on the top surface of the Y-axis support plate 5 on the side away from the Y-axis drive motor. The tailstock mounting seat 8 is aligned with the sliding direction of the Y-axis support plate 5 and slides in cooperation with the Y-axis support plate 5. A tailstock drive mechanism 9 is installed on the tailstock mounting seat 8. The tailstock drive mechanism 9 includes a Y-axis slide block 901, a Y-axis slide groove 902, a Y-axis slider 903, a Y-axis lead screw 904, and a tailstock drive motor 905. The Y-axis slide block 901 is integrally formed on the surface of the Y-axis support plate 5 on the side away from the Y-axis drive motor at the centerline along the length direction of the Y-axis support plate 5. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the Y-axis slide block 901 is dovetail-shaped, and the surface of the Y-axis slide block 901 has openings along its length direction. Y-direction slide groove 902, Y-direction slider 903 is installed in the Y-direction slide groove 902 and slides therewith. Y-direction lead screw 904 is installed in the Y-direction slide groove 902 along its length direction, passing through the center of Y-direction slider 903 and threadedly engaged with Y-direction slider 903. The end of Y-direction lead screw 904 away from Y-direction drive motor passes through Y-direction slide groove 902 and is connected to tailstock drive motor 905 through coupling. When tailstock drive motor 905 works, through the cooperation of Y-direction lead screw 904 and Y-direction slide 901, tailstock mounting base 8 is driven to perform Y-direction translational operation on Y-direction slide 901 on the surface of Y-direction support plate 5.

[0044] A mounting groove is formed on the front surface of the tailstock mounting base 8 at a position offset from the Y-axis slide 901. A tailstock clamping mechanism 35 is fixedly connected in the mounting groove. The tailstock clamping mechanism 35 includes a cylinder body 3501, which is fixedly installed in the mounting groove. A piston 3502 that cooperates with the piston is provided inside the cylinder body 3501. A sealing ring is fitted between the outer wall of the piston 3502 and the inner wall of the cylinder. A clamping groove is formed on the top of the piston 3502. A disc spring 3503 is installed between the clamping groove and the inner top surface of the cylinder body 3501. An air chamber is formed between the bottom of the piston 3502 and the inner bottom surface of the cylinder body 3501. This air chamber is connected to an external control air source via an air port on the cylinder body 3501. The control air source controls the movement of the piston 3502 by supplying or drawing air. A clamping rod 3504 with a vertical Y-axis support plate 5 is also formed at the center of the bottom of the piston 3502. A tailstock mounting seat 8 corresponds to the position of the clamping rod 3504. A clamping hole corresponding to the clamping rod 3504 is provided at the location; when the clamping rod 3504 is located in the clamping hole of the tailstock mounting seat 8, the cylinder body 3501 is in a state of air supply, and the input gas increases the pressure in the air chamber of the cylinder body 3501, pushing the piston 3502 upward. At this time, the disc spring 3503 is in a compressed state, and the tailstock mounting seat 8 can move on the Y-direction support plate 5; during operation, after the position of the tailstock mounting seat 8 is determined, the air source is controlled to draw in... When the cylinder body 3501 is in a depressurized state, the elastic restoring force of the disc spring 3503 is greater than the air pressure in the air chamber, so the disc spring 3503 presses down the piston 3502, causing the clamping rod 3504, which is integrated with the piston 3502, to press down towards the Y-direction support plate 5, thereby pressing the end face of the clamping rod 3504 against the surface of the Y-direction support plate 5, locking the position of the tailstock mounting seat 8 on the Y-direction support plate 5, and preventing the tailstock mounting seat 8 from moving on the Y-direction support plate 5.

[0045] A workpiece shaft mounting seat 7 is installed on the side of the top surface of the Y-axis support plate 5 away from the tailstock mounting seat 8. The top of the workpiece shaft mounting seat 7 and the tailstock mounting seat 8 are vertically formed with a support body. The workpiece shaft mounting seat 7 and the tailstock mounting seat 8 are respectively connected to a corresponding matching workpiece shaft mounting cover plate and a tailstock mounting cover plate, and the height of the tailstock mounting cover plate is slightly higher than that of the workpiece shaft mounting cover plate.

[0046] The workpiece shaft assembly 10 is installed in the support body of the workpiece shaft mounting base 7. The workpiece shaft assembly 10 includes a workpiece rotation motor 1001, a drive shaft 1002, and a workpiece clamping seat 1003. The drive shaft 1002 is fixedly and horizontally installed in the upper part of the support body of the workpiece mounting base by a bushing. One end of the drive shaft 1002 near the tailstock mounting base 8 is fixedly connected to the workpiece clamping seat 1003, and the other end extends out of the support body and is connected to the workpiece rotation motor 1001 by a coupling.

[0047] The tailstock mounting base 8 has a tailstock tip shaft assembly 11 installed in its support body. The tailstock tip shaft assembly 11 includes a tip shaft 1101. The tip shaft 1101 and the drive shaft 1002 are located on the same central axis. The tip shaft 1101 is fixed horizontally through the support body of the tailstock mounting base 8 by a bushing. The tip of the tip shaft 1101 is located at the end of the tip shaft 1101 near the clamping seat and extends out of the support body.

[0048] The workpiece shaft assembly 10 and the tailstock center shaft assembly 11 are connected to the splined shaft 13 via a gear set 12. Specifically, the gear set 12 includes a driving gear 1201, a driven gear 1202, two transition gears 1203, and two transmission gears 1204. The driving gear 1201 is fixedly mounted on the driving transmission shaft 1002 between the coupling and the support body. One of the transition gears 1203 is fixed to the support body and is located below the driving gear 1201 and meshes with the driving gear 1201. The bottom of the transition gear 1203 meshes with one of the transmission gears 1204. The passive gear 1202 is fixedly mounted on the end of the center shaft 1101 away from the center, with its bottom meshing with the transition gear 1203, and the bottom of the transition gear 1203 meshing with the drive gear 1204. The drive gear 1201, transition gear 1203, and drive gear 1204 connected to the workpiece shaft assembly 10 correspond completely to the passive gear 1202, transition gear 1203, and drive gear 1204 connected to the tailstock center shaft assembly 11. The two drive gears 1204 are connected by a splined shaft 13. In this embodiment, the splined shaft 13 is divided into two sections, one of which is connected to the center shaft 1101. The portion corresponding to length 101 is a spline section, and the remaining portion is a round shaft section. A bushing is fitted over the round shaft section of the spline shaft 13, and the shaft is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the support body of the workpiece shaft mounting base 7 via the bushing. A sliding clearance hole corresponding to the bushing of the spline shaft 13 is provided on the support body of the tailstock mounting base 8. Preferably, a locking key is formed on one side of the end of the round shaft section of the spline shaft 13, and a corresponding keyway is provided at the center of the corresponding transmission gear 1204. The round shaft section of the spline shaft 13 is fixedly locked to the corresponding transmission gear 1204 via the locking key and keyway, ensuring that the transmission gear 1204... Synchronous rotation of spline shaft 13; the spline section of spline shaft 13 is uniformly formed with splines along its entire length, and the corresponding transmission gear 1204 has a corresponding spline groove in its center. The spline at the end of the spline section of spline shaft 13 extends into the spline groove of the corresponding transmission gear 1204. The spline section of spline shaft 13 is fixed and locked to the corresponding transmission gear 1204 through the spline and spline groove, ensuring the synchronous rotation of transmission gear 1204 and spline shaft 13. At the same time, the spline of the spline section of spline shaft 13 and the spline groove of the corresponding transmission gear 1204 slide in contact, that is, the transmission gear 1204 can move along the spline section.

[0049] When assembling the workpiece to be processed, the workpiece is placed on the workpiece clamping seat 1003, and the tailstock drive motor 905 is started to control the tailstock mounting seat 8 to move towards the workpiece mounting seat. During the movement, since the height of the tailstock mounting cover plate is slightly higher than that of the workpiece shaft mounting cover plate, no interference will occur. The bushing of the spline shaft 13 also avoids interference through the sliding clearance hole of the tailstock mounting seat 8. At this time, the gear set 12 and the center shaft 1101 on the tailstock mounting seat 8 move towards the workpiece mounting seat with the tailstock mounting seat 8. The transmission gear 1204 located on the tailstock mounting seat 8 moves towards the workpiece shaft mounting seat 7 through the sliding engagement of the spline groove and spline. At this time, the splined section of the splined shaft 13 passes through the end of the transmission gear 1204; when the tip of the center shaft 1101 contacts the center of the workpiece, after the clamping force reaches the preset value, the tailstock drive motor 905 stops working, the air source is controlled to de-air the cylinder 3501, the disc spring 3503 presses down the piston 3502, and the clamping rod 3504 presses against the surface of the Y-axis support plate 5, thereby locking the position of the tailstock mounting seat 8, ensuring that the clamping force is stable during the workpiece clamping process, and the tailstock mounting seat 8 has no displacement, ensuring the dynamic accuracy of the workpiece during rotation; at the same time, during processing, the Y-axis support plate 5 moves in the Y direction, always ensuring the clamping force given by the center shaft 1101 during workpiece processing;

[0050] Preferably, the driving gear 1201, driven gear 1202, transition gear 1203, and transmission gear 1204 are all configured with a prime number of teeth. Specifically, the driving gear 1201, driven gear 1202, and transmission gear 1204 are all the same, using 39 teeth, while the transition gear 1203 uses 29 teeth. The use of prime teeth in all gears in the transmission chain can balance the pitch error of the gears, thereby avoiding the accumulation of transmission errors and periodic vibrations, ensuring long-term stable transmission uniformity, and significantly improving the tooth profile accuracy and consistency of small module gears.

[0051] A lifting mounting seat 14 is fixedly installed on the rear center of the mounting base 2. A lifting slide 15 is integrally formed on the side of the lifting mounting seat 14 near the guide rail seat 3. The lifting mounting seat 14 is hollow inside, and a worm gear transmission pair is installed inside the lifting mounting seat 14. A support member 21 is fixedly installed inside the lifting mounting seat 14. Bearings are installed at the top and bottom centers of the support member 21, respectively. A vertically arranged rotating bushing 19 is installed in the center of the support member 21. The bottom end of the rotating bushing 19 is connected to the support member. The bearing at the bottom of the support 21 rotates and engages with the bearing at the top of the support 21, and is fixedly connected to the lifting sleeve 18. A worm gear 20 is fitted in the middle of the rotating sleeve 19. A worm assembly 23 is provided on one side of the worm gear 20. The worm assembly 23 includes a worm sleeve 2301 and a worm 2302. The worm 2302 is fixedly installed inside the worm sleeve 2301 by a bearing. A square mounting plate 2303 is formed outwards at the bearing mounting location on the worm sleeve 2301. The upper and lower parts are respectively provided with adjustment holes 2304 corresponding to the strip holes on the support member 21. The worm sleeve 2301 is fixed to the outer wall of the support member 21 by bolts passing through the adjustment holes 2304 on the mounting plate 2303 and the strip holes on the support member 21. The worm sleeve 2301 has a notch 2305 at the worm wheel 20, where the worm wheel 20 meshes with the worm 2302. The worm sleeve can be finely adjusted through the strip holes and adjustment holes 2304. The installation position of 2301, after the worm sleeve 2301 is fixed, the worm 2302 meshes with the worm wheel 20. Thus, by adjusting the position of the worm sleeve 2301, the center distance between the worm wheel 20 and the worm 2302 can be precisely controlled, achieving precise compensation and optimization of the meshing backlash, effectively eliminating the backlash error caused by the transmission backlash, and ensuring accurate positioning and smooth transmission of the lifting motion; the worm 2302 extends out of the bearing at the connecting plate at the end away from the worm wheel 20 and is connected to the lifting motor 24 through a coupling;

[0052] The lifting slide 15 is provided with an inverted L-shaped lifting seat 16. The inner side of the vertical seat of the lifting seat 16 is slidably engaged with the lifting slide 15. The horizontal seat of the lifting seat 16 is located above the worm gear 20, and the bottom center of the horizontal seat is on the same vertical center line as the worm gear 20. A vertically arranged lifting screw 17 is installed at the bottom of the horizontal seat of the lifting slide 15 through a bearing. The bottom end of the lifting screw 17 extends into the lifting mounting seat 14 and is threadedly connected to the lifting sleeve 18. Vertically arranged guide rods 25 are also symmetrically installed on both sides of the bottom of the horizontal seat of the lifting seat 16. The bottom ends of the two guide rods 25 pass through the lifting mounting seat 14 and the mounting base 2 in sequence and are located in the frame 1. Two guide rods 25 on the inner top surface of the frame 1 are symmetrically equipped with fixed pulleys 32 on their outer sides via U-shaped connectors. Two movable pulleys 33 are symmetrically equipped with movable pulleys 33 on their bottom sides via U-shaped connectors. A load-bearing block 34 is installed in the middle between the two guide rods 25. The load-bearing block 34 is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the frame 1. A hanging rope 26 slot is opened on the surface of the load-bearing block 34 along its length direction. The hanging rope 26 is placed in the slot of the load-bearing block 34, and the midpoint of the hanging rope 26 is aligned with the midpoint of the load-bearing block 34. The midpoint of the hanging rope 26 and the midpoint of the line connecting the two guide rods 25 are on the same vertical line. The two ends of the hanging rope 26 pass through the corresponding movable pulley 33 and fixed pulley 32 in sequence and are fixedly connected to the counterweight 27.

[0053] During operation, the lifting motor 24 drives the worm wheel 20 to rotate via the worm 2302. The rotation of the worm wheel 20 drives the lifting sleeve 18 to rotate, which in turn drives the lifting screw 17, which is threaded to it, to rotate. At the same time, due to the limiting effect of the lifting slide 15, the lifting screw 17 can only move upward or downward through the thread within the lifting sleeve 18, thereby driving the lifting seat 16 to lift. The worm wheel 20 and worm 2302 pair provides smooth transmission and excellent self-locking performance. In addition, to address the issue that the meshing clearance of the worm wheel 20 and worm 2302 can easily affect the transmission accuracy, a strip hole 22 and an adjustment hole 2304 are designed to allow for fine adjustment of the installation position. This allows for precise control of the center distance of the worm wheel 20 and worm 2302, achieving precise compensation and optimization of the meshing backlash.

[0054] During the lifting motion, a counterweight block 27 is added to the bottom of the guide rod 25 for counterweight balance. A combination of fixed pulley 32 and movable pulley 33 is innovatively adopted. Under the premise of ensuring the counterweight balance effect remains unchanged, the weight of the counterweight is halved, the machine tool space layout is optimized, and the impact of the counterweight mechanism on the overall machine structure load and motion inertia is reduced, thereby improving the start and stop response speed and running stability of the lifting motion.

[0055] Preferably, a support plate is installed below the counterweight 27 inside the frame 1. When the lifting seat 16 is at its lowest position, the counterweight 27 is placed on the surface of the support plate, and the hanging rope 26 remains taut.

[0056] A horizontal support plate 28 is slidably connected to the top of the horizontal seat of the lifting seat 16, and an X-axis drive mechanism 29 is installed at the rear end of the horizontal support plate 28. Specifically, an X-axis slide block 2901 is integrally formed on the top surface of the horizontal seat of the lifting seat 16. An X-axis groove 2902 is formed on the surface of the X-axis slide block 2901 along its length direction. An X-axis slider 2903 is installed in the X-axis groove 2902 and slides therewith. An X-axis lead screw 2904 is installed in the X-axis groove 2902 along its length direction, passing through the X-axis slider 2903 and threadedly engaging with the X-axis slider 2903. The top of the X-axis slider 2903 is fixedly connected to the horizontal support plate 28, and the end of the X-axis lead screw 2904 is connected to an X-axis drive motor 2905. The bottom of the horizontal support plate 28 is simultaneously slidably engaged with the X-axis slide block 2901. The X-axis drive motor 2905 drives the horizontal support plate 28 to move in the X direction on the surface of the horizontal seat of the lifting seat 16.

[0057] The horizontal support plate 28 is fixedly mounted with a rotatable and adjustable hob shaft seat 30, and a hob shaft assembly 31 is fixedly mounted on the shaft seat. In this embodiment, a connecting shaft is installed at the center of the top surface of the horizontal support plate 28, and an arc-shaped connecting groove is symmetrically opened around the connecting shaft on the surface of the horizontal support plate 28. The bottom center of the mounting base of the hob shaft assembly 31 is connected and fitted with the connecting shaft, and several locking bolts are evenly arranged at the corresponding positions of the mounting base and the arc-shaped connecting groove.

[0058] During operation, the hob shaft assembly 31 can be rotated according to actual processing needs, adjusted to the required processing angle, and then the hob shaft assembly 31 can be locked onto the surface of the horizontal support plate 28 by locking bolts.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications and substitutions based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts provided by the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small module CNC gear hobbing machine, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: The frame (1) is fixedly connected to a mounting base (2). A guide rail seat (3) is installed on the front side of the mounting base (2) along its length. The surface of the guide rail seat (3) is inclined outward at 45°. A slide rail (4) is installed on the surface of the guide rail seat (3) along its length. A Y-axis support plate (5) is installed on the slide rail (4) and slides therewith. A Y-axis drive mechanism (6) is installed on the bottom side of the Y-axis support plate (5) to allow it to slide on the slide rail (4). A workpiece shaft mounting seat (7) is installed on the top surface of the Y-axis support plate (5). 5) On the other side of the top surface, there is a tailstock mounting seat (8) that slides in the same direction as the Y-axis support plate (5) and slides with the Y-axis support plate (5). A tailstock drive mechanism (9) is installed on the tailstock mounting seat (8). The workpiece shaft mounting seat (7) and the tailstock mounting seat (8) are respectively equipped with a workpiece shaft assembly (10) and a tailstock tip shaft assembly (11). Corresponding gear sets (12) are symmetrically installed on the drive shafts of the workpiece shaft assembly (10) and the tailstock tip shaft assembly (11). The two gear sets (12) are connected by a spline shaft (13). A lifting mounting seat (14) is fixedly installed at the middle of the rear side of the mounting base (2). A lifting slide (15) is integrally formed on the side of the lifting mounting seat (14) near the guide rail seat (3). An L-shaped lifting seat body (16) is provided on the lifting slide body (15). The inner side of the vertical seat body of the lifting seat body (16) is slidably engaged with the lifting slide body (15). A vertically arranged lifting screw (17) is installed at the bottom center of the horizontal seat body of the lifting seat body (16) through a bearing. The bottom end of the lifting screw (17) extends into the lifting mounting seat (14) and is fitted with a lifting sleeve (18) that is threadedly engaged with it. A rotating bushing (19) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting sleeve (18). The set includes a worm gear (20), and a support member (21) is fixedly installed inside the lifting mounting base (14). A worm gear assembly (23) with adjustable worm gear center distance is installed on the support member (21) through a strip hole. The front section of the worm (2302) in the worm gear assembly (23) meshes with the worm gear (20), and the end of the worm (2302) is connected to a lifting motor (24). Vertical guide rods (25) are also symmetrically installed on both sides of the bottom of the horizontal seat of the lifting base (16). The bottom ends of the two guide rods (25) pass through the lifting mounting base (14) and the mounting base (2) in sequence and are located inside the frame (1). A counterweight (27) is connected between the bottom ends of the two guide rods (25) through a hanging rope (26). The top of the horizontal seat of the lifting seat (16) is slidably connected to a horizontal support plate (28), and an X-axis drive mechanism (29) is installed at the rear end of the horizontal support plate (28). A rotatable and adjustable hob shaft seat (30) is fixedly installed on the surface of the horizontal support plate (28), and a hob shaft assembly (31) is fixedly installed on the hob shaft seat (30).

2. The small module CNC gear hobbing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fixed pulleys (32) are symmetrically installed on the outer sides of the two guide rods (25) on the inner top surface of the frame (1), and movable pulleys (33) are symmetrically installed on the bottom of the two guide rods (25). A load-bearing block (34) is installed in the middle between the two guide rods (25). The hanging rope (26) is placed on the load-bearing block (34), and the two ends of the hanging rope (26) pass through the corresponding movable pulley (33) and fixed pulley (32) in sequence and are fixedly connected to the counterweight (27).

3. A small module CNC gear hobbing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the load-bearing block (34) has a rope-hanging slot at the center line along its length.

4. A small module CNC gear hobbing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The worm gear assembly (23) includes a worm sleeve (2301) and a worm (2302). One end of the worm sleeve (2301) is formed with a mounting plate (2303). The mounting plate (2303) has an adjustment hole (2304) that corresponds to and mates with a slotted hole. The worm sleeve (2301) is fixed to the support member (21) by a locking member through the adjustment hole (2304) and the slotted hole. The mounting plate (2303) of the worm sleeve (2301) contains... The worm gear (2302) is fitted with a bearing that matches the worm (2302). The worm (2302) is fixedly installed in the worm sleeve (2301) by the bearing. The worm sleeve (2301) has a notch (2305) on the side near the worm wheel (20). The worm wheel (20) meshes with the worm (2302) at the notch (2305). The end of the worm (2302) extends out of the mounting plate (2303) and is connected to the lifting motor (24) through the connecting bushing.

5. A small module CNC gear hobbing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece shaft assembly (10) includes a workpiece rotation motor (1001), a drive shaft (1002), and a workpiece clamping seat (1003); the tailstock center shaft assembly (11) includes a center shaft (1101), and the same drive gear (1201) and driven gear (1202) are respectively mounted on the drive shaft (1002) and the center shaft (1101). The same transition gear (1203) meshes below the drive gear (1201) and the driven gear (1202), and the same size transmission gear (1204) meshes below the two transition gears (1203). The two transmission gears (1204) are connected by a splined shaft (13), which is located at the top. The section below the tip shaft (1101) is a spline section. The end of the spline section of the spline shaft (13) is connected to the spline groove in the center of the corresponding transmission gear (1204). The spline section of the spline shaft (13) and the spline groove in the center of the corresponding transmission gear (1204) slide in fit. When the tailstock drive mechanism (9) drives the tailstock tip shaft assembly (11) to move, the spline shaft (13) slides synchronously through the sliding fit with the transmission gear (1204). Through the drive gear (1201), the transition gear (1203), the transmission gear (1204) and the spline shaft (13), the workpiece rotation motor (1001) drives the workpiece clamping seat (1003) and the tip shaft (1101) to clamp the workpiece and achieve coaxial synchronous rotation.

6. A small module CNC gear hobbing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving gear (1201), driven gear (1202), transition gear (1203) and transmission gear (1204) are all set with a prime number of teeth. The driving gear (1201), driven gear (1202) and transmission gear (1204) are the same, with 39 teeth, while the transition gear (1203) has 29 teeth.

7. A small module CNC gear hobbing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tailstock mounting base (8) is also equipped with a tailstock clamping mechanism (35) that is perpendicular to the Y-direction support plate (5).

8. A small module CNC gear hobbing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tailstock clamping mechanism (35) includes a cylinder body (3501) placed on the surface of the tailstock mounting base (8). A piston (3502) is provided inside the cylinder body (3501) and cooperates with it. A clamping groove is opened on the top of the piston (3502). A disc spring (3503) is installed between the clamping groove and the inner top surface of the cylinder body (3501). There is an air chamber between the bottom of the piston (3502) and the bottom of the cylinder body (3501). The air chamber is connected to a control air source. A clamping rod (3504) perpendicular to the Y-axis support plate (5) is formed at the center of the bottom of the piston (3502). The clamping rod (3504) passes through the tailstock mounting base (8). When the cylinder body (3501) loses air, the disc spring (3503) elastically returns, so that the end face of the clamping rod (3504) is pressed against the surface of the Y-axis support plate (5).

9. A small module CNC gear hobbing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis drive mechanism (29) includes an X-axis slide (2901), an X-axis groove (2902), an X-axis slider (2903), an X-axis lead screw (2904), and an X-axis drive motor (2905). The top surface of the horizontal seat of the lifting seat (16) is integrally formed with an X-axis slide (2901). An X-axis groove (2902) is opened on the surface of the X-axis slide (2901) along its length direction. An X-axis slider (2903) is installed in the X-axis groove (2902) and slides with it. An X-axis lead screw (2904) is installed in the X-axis groove (2902) along its length direction, passing through the X-axis slider (2903) and threadedly engaging with the X-axis slider (2903). The top of the X-axis slider (2903) is fixedly connected to the horizontal support plate (28), and the end of the X-axis lead screw (2904) is connected to the X-axis drive motor (2905).

10. A small module CNC gear hobbing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tailstock drive mechanism (9) includes a Y-axis slide (901), a Y-axis groove (902), a Y-axis slider (903), a Y-axis lead screw (904), and a tailstock drive motor (905). The Y-axis slide (901) is integrally formed along the centerline on the side of the Y-axis support plate (5) away from the workpiece shaft mounting seat (7). The Y-axis slide (901) has a Y-axis groove (902) along its length direction on its surface. The Y-axis slider (903) is installed in the Y-axis groove (902) and slides with it. The Y-axis lead screw (904) is installed in the Y-axis groove (902) along its length direction, penetrating the Y-axis slider (903) and threadedly engaging with the Y-axis slider (903). The top of the Y-axis slider (903) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tailstock mounting seat (8), and the end of the Y-axis lead screw (904) is connected to the tailstock drive motor (905).

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