A method and system for tuning an electrically feedback-compensated adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator
The adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method using electrical feedback compensation solves the problems of fine loss compensation and stable reproduction in high-Q resonant systems, realizes rapid setting and stable maintenance of high-Q operating state, and improves the resonance quality factor.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NANJING UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies struggle to achieve precise loss compensation and stable reproduction of high-Q resonant systems. They suffer from limited adjustment resolution, insufficient continuous adjustability, and a lack of quantitative correspondence between feedback control parameters and equivalent system losses. Consequently, it becomes difficult to uniformly set and accurately reproduce different experimental conditions or devices.
By using an adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method with electrical feedback compensation, the passive base state of the resonant unit is constructed, the intrinsic frequency and inherent damping coefficient are obtained, a quantitative relationship between the feedback control parameters and the equivalent damping of the system is established, and a closed-loop feedback loop is introduced to adjust the feedback gain and phase to counteract the inherent damping effect of the system and achieve a high-Q operating state.
It achieves rapid setting, stable maintenance, and reproducibility of high-Q operating state, improves the resonance quality factor, and has the advantages of strong parameter controllability, high adjustment accuracy, good repeatability, and wide applicability.
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Figure CN122437495A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of acoustic resonance control technology, specifically relating to an adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method, system and application of electrical feedback compensation, applicable to the programmable control of resonance quality factor improvement and equivalent loss of acoustic systems, electromechanical systems, electrical resonance systems and vibration systems. Background Technology
[0002] In systems based on acoustic resonant cavities, vibrating elements, or other equivalent resonant structures, losses are crucial parameters determining the resonant peak linewidth, energy decay rate, steady-state response amplitude, and frequency resolution. For high-Q resonant devices, higher inherent losses result in a wider resonant linewidth and weaker energy retention, thus limiting the system's performance in scenarios such as high-sensitivity sensing, narrowband filtering, precision detection, and reconfigurable resonant control.
[0003] In existing technologies, system losses are typically adjusted by changing structural materials, adjusting damping components, or setting fixed attenuation circuits. However, these methods generally suffer from limited adjustment resolution, insufficient continuous adjustability, slow dynamic response, and poor consistency in repeated settings, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-Q resonant systems for precise loss compensation and stable reproduction.
[0004] Furthermore, existing solutions typically lack a clear, stable, and repeatable quantitative correspondence between control circuit parameters and system equivalent loss compensation, making it difficult to achieve unified settings and accurate reproduction under different experimental conditions or with different devices.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a control method and system that can actively compensate for the inherent losses of the resonant system, improve the resonant quality factor, and establish a quantitative relationship between feedback control parameters and equivalent damping, so as to improve the controllability, stability and repeatability of the high-Q resonant operating state. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.
[0007] Therefore, one objective of this invention is to propose an adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method with electrical feedback compensation. This method compensates for the inherent losses of the resonant system through active feedback, establishes a quantitative relationship between the feedback control parameters and the equivalent damping of the system, and realizes the improvement of the resonance quality factor and the stable setting and reproduction of the high-Q operating state.
[0008] Another objective of this invention is to provide an adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control system with electrical feedback compensation.
[0009] To achieve the above objectives, one embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for controlling an adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator with electrical feedback compensation, comprising: constructing the passive substrate operating state of the resonant unit; obtaining the intrinsic frequency and inherent damping coefficient of the resonant unit under no feedback conditions, and establishing a passive substrate dynamic model of the resonant unit in the operating frequency band; introducing a closed-loop feedback loop on the resonant unit, so that the feedback drive generated based on the resonant unit response signal acts on the resonant unit; adjusting the gain and phase of the feedback loop so that the feedback effect at least partially cancels the inherent damping effect of the system; and establishing a quantitative relationship between the feedback parameters and the equivalent damping of the system under narrowband near-resonance and single-frequency steady-state conditions to reduce the equivalent loss of the system and improve the resonance quality factor, thereby achieving a high-Q operating state.
[0010] The adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method with electrical feedback compensation in this invention compensates for the inherent losses of the resonant system through active feedback, and establishes a quantitative relationship between feedback gain, feedback phase and system equivalent damping, which can realize the rapid setting, stable maintenance and reproducibility of high-Q operating state.
[0011] Furthermore, the adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method with electrical feedback compensation according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features: Furthermore, the steps of constructing the passive base operating state of the resonant unit, obtaining the eigenfrequency and inherent damping coefficient, and establishing the passive base dynamic model include: disconnecting or closing the closed-loop feedback channel to put the resonant unit in a passive operating state; applying external excitation to the resonant unit within the operating frequency band to obtain the frequency response curve and / or free decay response of the resonant unit; extracting the eigenfrequency and inherent damping coefficient of the resonant unit based on the frequency response curve or free decay response; and establishing the passive base dynamic model using a single-degree-of-freedom linear harmonic oscillator model, whose feedback-free dynamics satisfy: ,in, The equivalent generalized coordinates of the resonant unit are used to characterize the response state of the resonant unit in the working mode; for The first derivative with respect to time is used to characterize the generalized velocity of the resonant unit; for The second derivative with respect to time is used to characterize the generalized acceleration of the resonant unit; The intrinsic frequency, The inherent damping coefficient, For external excitation terms; in different implementations, the equivalent generalized coordinates The generalized velocity corresponds to at least one of sound pressure, displacement, velocity, or a voltage signal proportional to it. and generalized acceleration Correspondingly, these are the first and second derivatives of the equivalent generalized coordinates with respect to time.
[0012] Furthermore, under narrowband near-resonance and single-frequency steady-state conditions, the feedback loop satisfies the following in the frequency domain: ,in, This is a feedback quantity used to compensate for the energy loss of the acoustic resonant cavity; The feedback gain is specifically a programmable amplification factor, which allows for adjustment of the feedback strength. The feedback link conversion coefficient describes the conversion relationship between physical quantities; For phase factor, For the total phase of the feedback loop, The original vibration signal; the total phase of the feedback loop includes the phase set by the phase adjustment module and the inherent delay phase of the feedback link. In different embodiments, the conversion coefficient of the feedback link... The response is characterized by at least one of the following factors: detection sensitivity, amplification factor, phase adjustment, actuator conversion efficiency, and injection coupling efficiency.
[0013] Furthermore, with the introduction of a feedback loop, the system's equivalent damping can be expressed as: in, For the equivalent damping of the system under feedback, These are the feedback compensation conversion coefficients, used to characterize the feedback gain. Total phase with feedback loop Contribution to damping compensation; Effective quality factor after system feedback satisfies: ,in, As the effective quality factor of the system, with Reduce the effective quality factor of the system. Increase.
[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a feedback working area search step: scanning the feedback phase within a fixed feedback gain or preset feedback gain range, measuring the system linewidth change, response amplitude change and stable operating state, and selecting the phase interval that can reduce the system linewidth and maintain stable operation as the loss compensation working area.
[0015] Furthermore, the closed-loop feedback circuit uses a response detection unit to collect the response signal of the resonant unit, and adjusts the feedback gain through an adjustable gain module and the feedback phase through a phase adjustment module.
[0016] Furthermore, under lightly damped near-resonance conditions, the system's resonant linewidth satisfies ,in, The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the resonance peak is measured. By measuring the change in the FWHM of the resonance peak, the equivalent damping change under feedback is obtained. This allows for the establishment of a quantitative correspondence between the feedback parameters and the system's equivalent loss, enabling controllable adjustment of the resonance quality factor.
[0017] To achieve the above objectives, another embodiment of the present invention proposes an adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control system with electrical feedback compensation, comprising: at least one resonant unit for generating a resonant response; an excitation unit for injecting an excitation signal into the resonant unit; a response detection unit for acquiring the response signal of the resonant unit; a feedback loop unit connected to both the response detection unit and the resonant unit, for feeding the acquired response signal back to the resonant unit after gain and phase adjustment, forming a closed-loop feedback; a control unit connected to the feedback loop unit for adjusting the gain and phase of the feedback loop so that the feedback effect at least partially offsets the inherent damping effect of the system; and a parameter calibration unit connected to the control unit for establishing a quantitative relationship between the feedback parameters and the equivalent damping of the system under narrowband near-resonance and single-frequency steady-state conditions.
[0018] An embodiment of the present invention provides an adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control system with electrical feedback compensation. By actively feeding back the inherent losses of the resonator system, it establishes a quantitative relationship between feedback gain, feedback phase and system equivalent damping, enabling rapid setting, stable maintenance and reproducibility of the high-Q operating state.
[0019] In addition, the adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control system with electrical feedback compensation according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional features: Further, the feedback loop unit includes an adjustable gain module and a phase adjustment module; the adjustable gain module is used to set the feedback gain, and the phase adjustment module is used to set the feedback phase; the adjustable gain module is at least one of a voltage-controlled amplifier, a digital potentiometer, or a programmable gain amplifier; the phase adjustment module is at least one of a digital phase shifter, an analog phase shifter circuit, or a programmable delay line; the resonant unit includes a resonant cavity, an excitation transducer, and a response detection transducer; the excitation transducer is disposed on the resonant cavity and connected to the excitation unit; the response detection transducer is disposed on the resonant cavity and connected to the response detection unit; the excitation transducer is at least one of a moving iron unit, a moving coil unit, a piezoelectric actuator, or an electrostatic actuator; the response detection transducer is at least one of a microphone, an accelerometer, a piezoelectric sensor, or an optical fiber sensor.
[0020] In addition, embodiments of the present invention also provide applications of the above-mentioned adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method and system with electrical feedback compensation, the applications including applying the method or system to at least one of acoustic systems, electromechanical systems, electrical resonant systems or vibration systems.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention compensates for the inherent losses of a resonant system through active feedback, effectively reducing the system's equivalent damping, compressing the resonant linewidth, and improving the resonant quality factor. Simultaneously, this invention establishes a quantitative relationship between feedback gain, feedback phase, and system equivalent damping, enabling rapid setting, stable maintenance, and reproducible high-Q operating states. It boasts advantages such as strong parameter controllability, high adjustment accuracy, good repeatability, and wide applicability. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method with electrical feedback compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control system with electrical feedback compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the programmable loss control principle of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the programmable loss control effect of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made to the structural form, parameter selection, and module implementation method without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0024] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, an adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method and system based on an embodiment of the present invention, using electrical feedback compensation.
[0025] First, a method for controlling an adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator with electrical feedback compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method with electrical feedback compensation includes the following steps: The first step is to construct a passive base, obtain the intrinsic frequency and inherent damping coefficient without feedback, and establish a passive dynamic model.
[0027] Specifically, the passive base operating state of the resonant unit is first constructed as a reference state for subsequent programmable loss control. This passive base operating state provides stable and repeatable eigenfrequency and inherent damping parameters. Under no-feedback conditions, or with the feedback loop closed and feedback gain set to zero, frequency response or free decay measurements are performed on the resonant unit to obtain its eigenfrequency and inherent damping coefficient. The inherent damping coefficient is the inherent dissipation parameter of the resonant unit in its natural operating state, used to characterize the system's own energy decay characteristics and serving as a reference baseline for subsequent feedback loss compensation. Subsequently, an excitation signal is injected into the resonant unit through an external excitation unit to obtain its frequency response curve or free decay response. Based on the measured data, the eigenfrequency of the resonant unit is extracted. and inherent damping coefficient .
[0028] For a single-cavity system, it can be approximated as a single-degree-of-freedom linear harmonic oscillator within the operating frequency band, and its feedback-free dynamics can be written as:
[0029] in, The equivalent generalized coordinates of the resonant unit are used to characterize the response state of the resonant unit in the working mode; for The first derivative with respect to time is used to characterize the generalized velocity of the resonant unit; for The second derivative with respect to time is used to characterize the generalized acceleration of the resonant unit; The intrinsic frequency, The inherent damping coefficient; This is an external incentive.
[0030] In different implementations, the equivalent generalized coordinates Corresponding to sound pressure, displacement, velocity, or voltage signals proportional to them, the specific methods are as follows: Corresponding sound pressure level: When it is necessary to characterize the acoustic properties within the resonant cavity, the equivalent generalized coordinates are used. The sound pressure signal directly corresponds to a specified location inside the resonant cavity. In this case, a microphone is used as the response detection transducer. The microphone is fixedly installed inside the resonant cavity at a preset detection point to collect the sound pressure response within the cavity in real time. The collected sound pressure signal is the... The direct representation value, and its corresponding generalized velocity. The first derivative of sound pressure with respect to time, generalized acceleration This is the second derivative of sound pressure with respect to time.
[0031] Corresponding displacement: When it is necessary to characterize the vibration displacement characteristics of a resonant cavity or its internal components, the equivalent generalized coordinate is used. Corresponding to the vibration displacement of the resonant cavity wall or internal core components, a piezoelectric displacement sensor or laser displacement sensor is selected as the response detection transducer. The sensor is installed in close contact with the detection surface, and the acquired displacement signal is the... Its generalized speed The first derivative of displacement with respect to time (vibration velocity), generalized acceleration This is the second derivative of displacement with respect to time (vibration acceleration).
[0032] Corresponding velocity: When focusing on the vibration velocity response of the resonant unit, the equivalent generalized coordinates Corresponding to the vibration velocity of the resonant unit, a velocity sensor or accelerometer is selected as the response detection transducer. The velocity is obtained through integration, and the acquired velocity signal is directly used as... Its generalized speed The generalized acceleration is the first derivative of velocity with respect to time. Let be the second derivative of velocity with respect to time.
[0033] Corresponding to the proportional voltage signal: all three physical quantities mentioned above must be converted into electrical signals by a response detection transducer before they can be transmitted to the primary amplification module, processing module, and feedback module for processing. Therefore, in actual circuit control, the equivalent generalized coordinates... This corresponds to a voltage signal proportional to the aforementioned physical quantity—that is, the voltage amplitude of the electrical signal output by the detection transducer, after primary amplification, is linearly proportional to the corresponding physical quantity. In this case, the voltage signal can be used as... The characterization value facilitates subsequent signal analysis, gain adjustment and phase adjustment operations, and its generalized velocity and generalized acceleration can be obtained by differentiating the voltage signal, maintaining a proportional relationship with the velocity and acceleration of the corresponding physical quantities.
[0034] The second step is to introduce a closed-loop feedback circuit to apply the feedback drive generated by the response signal to the resonant unit.
[0035] Specifically, a feedback loop is configured on the resonant unit. The response signal of the resonant unit, after being acquired by the response detection unit, sequentially passes through the pre-conditioning unit, the adjustable gain module, and the phase adjustment module, before driving the excitation transducer to inject a feedback signal back into the resonant unit, thus forming a closed-loop feedback. The response signal of the resonant unit is acquired by the response detection unit, which corresponds to an equivalent generalized coordinate or its proportional electrical signal. The specific correspondence can be selected according to the different implementation methods described above. The feedback loop unit includes an adjustable gain module and a phase adjustment module. The feedback loop unit adjusts the feedback gain through the adjustable gain module. The feedback phase is set through the phase adjustment module. Finally, the processed feedback signal is injected back into the resonant unit to form a complete closed-loop feedback chain, so that the feedback drive generated based on the response signal acts on the resonant unit.
[0036] Preferably, the adjustable gain module is a voltage-controlled amplifier, and the phase adjustment module is a digital phase shifter or an equivalent programmable phase adjustment circuit.
[0037] In practical implementation, the intrinsic angular frequency and inherent damping coefficient can be extracted by measuring the frequency response and / or free attenuation of the resonant unit, and used as a reference baseline for subsequent feedback loss compensation control. For dual-cavity or multi-cavity systems, it is preferable to measure the intrinsic frequency of each resonant unit before feedback control and achieve pre-alignment through structural fine-tuning to improve parameter consistency and system stability.
[0038] After introducing a self-feedback loop into the resonant unit, the system dynamics can be written as: in, The feedback force term applied to the self-feedback loop has its amplitude controlled by the adjustable gain module of the feedback loop and its phase controlled by the phase adjustment module. By adjusting the amplitude and phase of the feedback force, the inherent damping of the system can be counteracted.
[0039] The third step is to adjust the feedback gain and phase so that the feedback at least partially cancels out the inherent damping.
[0040] Specifically, adjusting the gain of the feedback loop. and feedback phase This ensures that the feedback effect at least partially offsets the inherent damping effect of the system. This is achieved by adjusting the feedback phase. This allows the feedback to operate primarily in the range of damping compensation, where the feedback effect mainly manifests as compensation for the inherent dissipation of the system.
[0041] The fourth step is to establish a quantitative relationship between feedback parameters and equivalent damping under narrowband near-resonance single-frequency steady-state operation, reduce equivalent losses, increase Q value, and achieve high-Q operating state.
[0042] Specifically, under narrowband near-resonance and single-frequency steady-state conditions, the system variables are expressed in single-frequency phasor form. In this case, the feedback loop can be written in the frequency domain as:
[0043] in, The frequency response function of the feedback link. The original vibration signal comprehensively characterizes the overall amplitude and phase characteristics of the response detection transducer, adjustable gain module, phase adjustment module, excitation transducer, and injection coupling path. Since embodiments of this invention typically operate within an extremely narrow frequency band, Near the operating frequency, it can be approximated as a constant complex gain, as shown in the formula: When the feedback phase is adjusted to a primarily damping compensation operating condition, the feedback effect mainly manifests as compensation for the system's inherent dissipation. In this case, the system's equivalent damping can be expressed as:
[0044] in, For the equivalent damping of the system under feedback, The feedback compensation conversion coefficient is used to characterize the contribution of feedback gain and feedback phase to the damping compensation. As shown in the equation above, the feedback compensation varies with the feedback gain and feedback phase. By adjusting the feedback gain and feedback phase, the equivalent damping of the system can be reduced, thereby improving the resonance quality factor.
[0045] It should be noted that, to obtain a stable loss compensation effect, the feedback phase can be scanned within a preset feedback gain range, and the loss compensation operating region can be determined by combining the system linewidth variation, response amplitude variation, and stable operating state. Within the operating region, the equivalent damping of the system can be controlled by adjusting the feedback gain. Under lightly damped near-resonance conditions, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the system resonant position satisfies the following approximate relationship:
[0046] Therefore, the equivalent damping change under feedback can be obtained from the change in frequency response linewidth.
[0047] Furthermore, the effective quality factor after system feedback satisfies Based on the above relationships, a system can be established. or With feedback parameters The calibration relationship between them is used for the rapid setting and repeated reproduction of the target high-Q operating point.
[0048] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes an adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control system with electrical feedback compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control system with electrical feedback compensation includes: an excitation source, a resonator, a primary amplification module, a data acquisition module, a processing module, and a feedback module. Each resonator is equipped with an excitation transducer and a response detection transducer. The excitation transducer can be a moving iron unit, a loudspeaker, a piezoelectric actuator, etc., and the response detection transducer can be a microphone, a piezoelectric sensor, etc. The electrical signal output by the detection device is used to characterize the resonant response and establish a proportional or calibration relationship with sound pressure, displacement, or velocity.
[0050] Furthermore, the connection relationships between the modules are as follows: The excitation source is used to inject an excitation signal into the resonant cavity, driving the resonant cavity to generate an acoustic resonance response.
[0051] The resonant cavity serves as the core resonant unit, generating an acoustic resonant response. An excitation transducer and a response detection transducer are connected to it respectively.
[0052] The primary amplification module initially amplifies the weak electrical signal output from the response detection transducer, and the output signal is split into two paths. One path is sent to the acquisition module for subsequent data analysis and parameter extraction, and the other path is sent to the feedback module as the input signal for feedback control.
[0053] The acquisition module receives signals from the primary amplification module, completes the acquisition and digital conversion of analog signals, and transmits them to the processing module.
[0054] The processing module is connected to the acquisition module and the excitation source, and is used to analyze and calculate the acquired signals and output control commands.
[0055] One end of the feedback module is connected to the primary amplification module to receive the amplified response signal; the other end is connected to the excitation transducer of the resonant cavity. The feedback module integrates an adjustable gain module and a phase adjustment module, used to adjust the gain and phase of the received signal before reinjecting it back to the excitation transducer. Based on the processing results, an adjustable feedback signal is applied to the resonant system, forming a closed-loop feedback, thereby controlling the effective loss of the system.
[0056] Furthermore, this system also includes a control unit and a parameter calibration unit, which are integrated into... Figure 2 The processing module shown includes a control unit connected to the feedback module, used to adjust the gain and phase of the feedback loop so that the feedback effect at least partially offsets the inherent damping effect of the system. A parameter calibration unit connected to the control unit is used to establish a quantitative relationship between the feedback parameters and the equivalent damping of the system under narrowband near-resonance and single-frequency steady-state conditions, thereby achieving controllable adjustment of the resonance quality factor.
[0057] It should be noted that in dual-cavity or multi-cavity implementations, an inter-cavity coupling adjustment unit can also be provided, along with a parameter extraction and calibration unit.
[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, the principle of programmable loss control in this invention is as follows: First, the base loss parameters of the system are extracted by measuring the inherent response curve of the resonant system. Then, an adjustable feedback gain is introduced through a feedback loop. and phase adjustment parameters This alters the system's equivalent damping. By adjusting the feedback parameters, the system's equivalent loss can be continuously controlled, thereby improving the resonant system's quality factor Q and achieving a high-Q operating state.
[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, (a) represents the effective loss parameters of the system. The schematic diagram showing the distribution of control parameters provides a visual representation of the adjustment range and stable operating range of system damping by feedback control.
[0060] (b) is a schematic diagram of the resonant frequency response curves under different effective loss conditions. The horizontal axis is the frequency (Hz) and the vertical axis is the normalized amplitude.
[0061] The results show that by reducing the equivalent damping of the system through feedback control, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the resonance peak is significantly narrowed, and the quality factor Q is significantly improved, thereby achieving a high-Q resonance state.
[0062] This invention compensates for the inherent losses of a resonant system through active feedback, effectively reducing the system's equivalent damping, compressing the resonant linewidth, and improving the resonant quality factor. Simultaneously, this invention establishes a quantitative relationship between feedback gain, feedback phase, and system equivalent damping, enabling rapid setting, stable maintenance, and reproducible high-Q operating states. It boasts advantages such as strong parameter controllability, high adjustment accuracy, good repeatability, and wide applicability.
[0063] It should be noted that the adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method and system with electro-feedback compensation described in this invention can be applied to at least one of acoustic systems, electromechanical systems, electrical resonant systems, or vibration systems, such as high-sensitivity acoustic sensing systems, precision electromechanical resonant detection equipment, electrical resonant filter devices, microelectromechanical vibration control systems, etc. The technical solution of this invention can be applied to any scenario where an equivalent resonance model can be established and response feedback control can be achieved through a feedback loop, and where programmable loss compensation and quality factor improvement are required.
[0064] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for controlling an adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator with electrical feedback compensation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The passive substrate working state of the resonant unit is constructed, the eigenfrequency and inherent damping coefficient of the resonant unit are obtained under no feedback condition, and the passive substrate dynamic model of the resonant unit in the working frequency band is established. A closed-loop feedback circuit is introduced into the resonant unit so that the feedback drive generated based on the resonant unit response signal acts on the resonant unit. Adjust the gain and phase of the feedback loop so that the feedback effect at least partially offsets the inherent damping effect of the system; Under narrowband near-resonance and single-frequency steady-state conditions, a quantitative relationship between feedback parameters and system equivalent damping is established to reduce system equivalent loss and improve resonance quality factor, thereby achieving high-Q operating state.
2. The adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method with electrical feedback compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of constructing the passive substrate operating state of the resonant unit, obtaining the eigenfrequency and inherent damping coefficient, and establishing the passive substrate dynamic model include: Disconnect or close the closed-loop feedback channel to put the resonant unit in a passive working state; Apply external excitation to the resonant unit within the operating frequency band to obtain the frequency response curve or free decay response of the resonant unit; The intrinsic frequency and inherent damping coefficient of the resonant unit are extracted based on the frequency response curve or free decay response. A passive basis dynamics model is established using a single-degree-of-freedom linear harmonic oscillator model, and its feedback-free dynamics satisfy: in, The equivalent generalized coordinates of the resonant unit are used to characterize the response state of the resonant unit in the working mode; for The first derivative with respect to time is used to characterize the generalized velocity of the resonant unit; for The second derivative with respect to time is used to characterize the generalized acceleration of the resonant unit; The intrinsic frequency, The inherent damping coefficient, This is an external incentive.
3. The adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method with electrical feedback compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Under narrowband near-resonance and single-frequency steady-state conditions, the feedback loop satisfies the following in the frequency domain: in, This is a feedback quantity used to compensate for the energy loss of the acoustic resonant cavity; This is the feedback gain, used to adjust the feedback strength. The feedback link conversion coefficient describes the conversion relationship between physical quantities; For phase factor, For the total phase of the feedback loop, This is the original vibration signal.
4. The adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method with electrical feedback compensation according to claim 3, characterized in that, After introducing a feedback loop, the system's equivalent damping satisfies: in, For the equivalent damping of the system under feedback, These are the feedback compensation conversion coefficients, used to characterize the feedback gain. Total phase with feedback loop Contribution to damping compensation; The effective quality factor after system feedback satisfies: in, This is the effective quality factor of the system.
5. The adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method with electrical feedback compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a feedback working area search step: scanning the feedback phase within a fixed feedback gain or preset feedback gain range, measuring the system linewidth change, response amplitude change and stable operating state, and selecting the phase interval that can reduce the system linewidth and maintain stable operation as the loss compensation working area.
6. The adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method with electrical feedback compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The closed-loop feedback circuit uses a response detection unit to collect the response signal of the resonant unit, and adjusts the feedback gain through an adjustable gain module and the feedback phase through a phase adjustment module.
7. The adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control method with electrical feedback compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Under lightly damped near-resonance conditions, the system resonance linewidth satisfies , in, The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the resonance peak is measured. By measuring the change in the FWHM of the resonance peak, the equivalent damping change under feedback is obtained. This allows for the establishment of a quantitative correspondence between the feedback parameters and the system's equivalent loss, enabling controllable adjustment of the resonance quality factor.
8. A high-Q acoustic resonator control system with electrical feedback compensation, characterized in that, include: At least one resonant element is used to generate a resonant response; An excitation unit is used to inject an excitation signal into the resonant unit; A response detection unit is used to acquire the response signal of the resonant unit; The feedback loop unit is connected to the response detection unit and the resonant unit respectively, and is used to feed the acquired response signal back to the resonant unit after gain adjustment and phase adjustment to form a closed-loop feedback. A control unit, connected to the feedback loop unit, is used to adjust the gain and phase of the feedback loop so that the feedback effect at least partially cancels the inherent damping effect of the system. The parameter calibration unit, connected to the control unit, is used to establish a quantitative relationship between the feedback parameters and the system's equivalent damping under narrow-band near-resonance and single-frequency steady-state conditions.
9. The adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator control system with electrical feedback compensation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The feedback loop unit includes an adjustable gain module and a phase adjustment module; the adjustable gain module is used to set the feedback gain, and the phase adjustment module is used to set the feedback phase; the adjustable gain module is at least one of a voltage-controlled amplifier, a digital potentiometer, or a programmable gain amplifier; the phase adjustment module is at least one of a digital phase shifter, an analog phase shift circuit, or a programmable delay line. The resonant unit includes a resonant cavity, an excitation transducer, and a response detection transducer; the excitation transducer is disposed on the resonant cavity and connected to the excitation unit; the response detection transducer is disposed on the resonant cavity and connected to the response detection unit. The excitation transducer is at least one of a moving iron unit, a moving coil unit, a piezoelectric actuator, or an electrostatic actuator; the response detection transducer is at least one of a microphone, an accelerometer, a piezoelectric sensor, or an optical fiber sensor.
10. An application of a method for controlling an adjustable high-Q acoustic resonator with electrical feedback compensation as described in any one of claims 1-7, or a system as described in any one of claims 8-9, characterized in that, It is applied to at least one of acoustic systems, electromechanical systems, electrical resonant systems, or vibration systems.