A kind of photovoltaic module glue resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the field of component glue, in particular to a photovoltaic component glue resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation and a preparation method thereof. The photovoltaic component glue resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation comprises raw material schemes including a component glue base body, a plasticizer, a composite filler, a crosslinking agent, a reinforcing agent, a catalyst, a composite functional agent, a light stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a tackifier and a heat-conducting agent. The photovoltaic component glue resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation provided by the application improves the comprehensive application effect of the sealing glue in a strong radiation, large temperature difference and high humidity coupling environment in multiple aspects; the component glue keeps excellent bonding strength and elastic recovery capacity, significantly improves interface bonding durability under long-term humid heat conditions, effectively delays multi-factor coupling aging progress, reduces sealing failure risk, and comprehensively shows excellent aging / yellowing resistance, persistent bonding and stability and other performances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of module adhesives, and in particular to a photovoltaic module adhesive that is resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] As the core unit of a solar power generation system, the long-term operational reliability of photovoltaic modules directly determines the power generation revenue and total life cycle cost of the power station. In the module's construction, sealants are used for bonding and protection between the frame and laminates, and between the junction box and the backsheet. These structural adhesives not only provide mechanical fixation but also serve as the first line of defense against moisture, salt spray, and corrosive gases penetrating the internal circuitry. Their performance is crucial to the module's electrical safety and lifespan.

[0003] Currently, the sealants widely used in the photovoltaic industry are mainly silicone-based, including alcohol-based and ketoxime-based room temperature vulcanizing silicone rubbers. These materials, due to their silicon-oxygen bond structure, possess good heat resistance, weather resistance, and electrical insulation, and are widely used for sealing module frames. However, as photovoltaic applications continue to expand into high-altitude, low-latitude desert regions with strong solar radiation, the total amount of ultraviolet radiation received by the module surface far exceeds that of conventional temperate regions. Under these harsh conditions, existing ordinary silicone sealants are gradually revealing their insufficient resistance to ultraviolet aging.

[0004] Specifically, prolonged exposure to high-intensity ultraviolet radiation can cause photo-oxidative chain breakage of organic groups on the side chains of silicone molecules, leading to irreversible yellowing of the sealant. Along with yellowing, the decrease in light transmittance or appearance quality of the sealant itself is only a superficial problem. The deeper harm lies in the destruction of the cross-linking network caused by photodegradation, resulting in decreased cohesive strength of the sealant and deterioration of the bonding interface with substrates such as glass, backsheet, and aluminum alloy frame, leading to a significant decrease in bonding strength. Once microcracks or detachment occur at the bonding interface, external moisture can seep into the module through the gaps, triggering a series of chain reactions such as corrosion of the cell grid lines and hydrolysis and acidification of the EVA film, ultimately leading to reduced module insulation resistance, significant power degradation, and even leakage safety accidents. Furthermore, some existing technologies attempt to improve weather resistance by adding traditional ultraviolet absorbers, but these suffer from problems such as uneven dispersion of absorbers in the matrix, easy migration and precipitation, and a sharp reduction in shielding effectiveness after long-term consumption, making it difficult to maintain effective protection throughout the module's design life of more than 25 years.

[0005] In summary, existing photovoltaic module sealant technologies generally struggle to simultaneously achieve excellent resistance to yellowing, long-lasting adhesion retention, and stable electrical insulation performance when facing strong ultraviolet radiation environments. This has become a key technical bottleneck restricting the long-term reliable operation of photovoltaic modules in special climatic regions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: The first aspect of this application provides a photovoltaic module adhesive that is resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation. By weight, its raw material scheme includes at least: 100-130 parts of module adhesive matrix, 15-25 parts of plasticizer, 18-32 parts of composite filler, 3-5 parts of crosslinking agent, 8-15 parts of reinforcing agent, 0.3-0.6 parts of catalyst, 4-10 parts of composite functional agent, 0.3-0.8 parts of light stabilizer, 0.3-0.6 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 1.5-2.5 parts of tackifier, and 20-25 parts of thermal conductive agent.

[0007] Preferably, the component matrix is ​​α,ω-dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane.

[0008] Preferably, the viscosity of the component adhesive matrix is ​​40,000~65,000 mPa·s at 25°C.

[0009] Preferably, the viscosity of the component adhesive matrix is ​​45000~55000 mPa·s at 25°C.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of the component matrix, reinforcing agent and composite functional agent is (10~12):(1~1.4):(0.5~0.9).

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the component matrix, reinforcing agent and composite functional agent is (10~11):(1~1.2):(0.6~0.8).

[0012] Preferably, the plasticizer is at least one selected from dimethyl silicone oil, polyether-modified silicone oil, methylphenyl silicone oil, and hydrogenated polybutadiene.

[0013] Preferably, the plasticizer is dimethyl silicone oil or methylphenyl silicone oil.

[0014] Preferably, the plasticizer is dimethyl silicone oil.

[0015] Preferably, the viscosity of the dimethyl silicone oil is 200~600 mPa·s at 25°C.

[0016] Preferably, the viscosity of the dimethyl silicone oil is 300~500 mPa·s at 25°C.

[0017] Preferably, the composite filler is a combination of fumed silica and silicon micropowder.

[0018] Preferably, the mass ratio of fumed silica to silicon micropowder is (2~3):(2.5~4.5).

[0019] Preferably, the mass ratio of fumed silica to silicon micropowder is (2~2.5):(3.5~4).

[0020] Preferably, the average particle size of the fumed silica is 10~30nm.

[0021] Preferably, the average particle size of the fumed silica is 10~20 nm.

[0022] Preferably, the average particle size of the silicon micropowder is 2~5μm.

[0023] Preferably, the average particle size of the silicon micropowder is 2~3.5μm.

[0024] Preferably, the crosslinking agent is at least one selected from methyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, methyltributylone oxime silane, and vinyltributylone oxime silane.

[0025] Preferably, the crosslinking agent is methyltrimethoxysilane or vinyltrimethoxysilane.

[0026] Preferably, the crosslinking agent is methyltrimethoxysilane.

[0027] Preferably, the reinforcing agent is a combination of triethanolamine borate, triphenyl phosphate and epoxidized soybean oil.

[0028] Preferably, the mass ratio of triethanolamine borate, triphenyl phosphate and epoxidized soybean oil is (3~5):(1~2):(0.5~1).

[0029] Preferably, the mass ratio of triethanolamine borate, triphenyl phosphate and epoxidized soybean oil is (4~4.5):(1~1.5):(0.6~0.8).

[0030] The reinforcing agent added in this application significantly improves the hydrolytic stability of the bonding interface under humid and hot conditions by forming chelate bonds with the surface of metal and glass substrates; triphenyl phosphate introduces phosphorus-based flame retardant function in liquid form, avoiding the need for additional solid fillers and maintaining colloidal flexibility; epoxidized soybean oil irreversibly captures acidic substances generated by organosilicon aging through epoxy groups, blocking the acid-catalyzed degradation chain, while its macromolecular structure is not easily migrated, maintaining stress buffering capacity for a long time. The combined effect of the three ingredients greatly improves the overall performance, providing a foundation for maintaining subsequent performance.

[0031] Preferably, the catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate.

[0032] Preferably, the composite functional agent is a combination of polycarbodiimide, hydrogenated rosin acid quaternary ammonium salt, and epoxidized soybean oleate methyl ester.

[0033] Preferably, the mass ratio of polycarbodiimide, hydrogenated rosin acid quaternary ammonium salt and epoxidized soybean oleate methyl ester is (2~4):(0.6~1.2):(1~1.8).

[0034] Preferably, the mass ratio of polycarbodiimide, hydrogenated rosin acid quaternary ammonium salt and epoxidized soybean oleate methyl ester is (2~3):(0.8~1):(1~1.4).

[0035] The added composite functional agent preferentially reacts with the acidic products generated by the hydrolysis of organosilicon, eliminating the risk of acid-catalyzed degradation; the hydrogenated rosin acid quaternary ammonium salt provides toughening with its fused ring rigid framework, and its quaternary ammonium cations form ionic bonds with the surface of the aluminum alloy frame, enhancing the durability of wet adhesion; the epoxy groups of epoxidized soybean oleate preferentially undergo ring-opening consumption under ultraviolet irradiation, protecting the organosilicon backbone by sacrificing itself, and thus ultimately ensuring the reconciliation of performance contradictions and maintaining good comprehensive application performance.

[0036] Preferably, the light stabilizer is bis(pentamethylpiperidinyl) sebacate or UV622.

[0037] Preferably, the light stabilizer is UV622.

[0038] Preferably, the ultraviolet absorber is at least one of UV-312, UV-531, UV-0 and cyanoacrylate.

[0039] Preferably, the ultraviolet absorber is UV-312 or UV-531.

[0040] Preferably, the ultraviolet absorber is UV-312.

[0041] Preferably, the tackifier is at least one selected from KH-560, KH-550, KH-570, KH-792 and mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0042] Preferably, the tackifier is KH-560 or mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0043] Preferably, the tackifier is KH-560.

[0044] Preferably, the thermal conductive agent is at least one selected from magnesium oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, and boron nitride.

[0045] Preferably, the thermal conductive agent is magnesium oxide or silicon nitride.

[0046] Preferably, the thermal conductive agent is magnesium oxide.

[0047] Preferably, the average particle size of the thermal conductive agent is 2~5μm.

[0048] Preferably, the average particle size of the thermal conductive agent is 2~3μm.

[0049] The second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation, specifically including the following steps: S1: The raw materials of the reinforcing agent and the composite functional agent are respectively mixed and stirred in different mixing tanks under heat preservation, and the materials are set aside for later use; S2: The module adhesive matrix and plasticizer are added sequentially to the mixing tank of a planetary mixer, and after mixing is completed, the composite filler and thermal conductive agent are added, and the dispersion speed is increased to fully disperse; S3: The remaining raw materials are added sequentially, and the mixing speed is maintained at each addition to ensure complete mixing. After completion, the mixing tank is sealed, vacuum degassing is performed, and the degassed adhesive is filled into a sealed packaging container under dry nitrogen protection to obtain the final product.

[0050] Preferably, the preparation method of the photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation specifically includes the following steps: S1: The raw materials of the reinforcing agent and the composite functional agent are respectively mixed at 55~60℃ in different mixing tanks and stirred for 20~30min to obtain the material for later use; S2: The module adhesive matrix and plasticizer are added sequentially to the mixing tank of a planetary mixer, and the mixture is stirred at 25~30rpm and dispersed at 500~600rpm for 15~20min. Then, the composite filler and thermal conductive agent are added, and the dispersion speed is increased to 800~1000rpm and mixed for 20~30min to fully disperse the material; S3: The remaining raw materials are added sequentially, and the mixing speed is maintained for 20~30min each time. After completion, the mixing tank is sealed, vacuumed to −0.095 MPa, and degassed at 10~12rpm for 20~25min. Under the protection of dry nitrogen, the degassed adhesive is filled into a sealed packaging container to obtain the final product.

[0051] The beneficial effects and application advantages of this application are as follows: 1. The photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation provided in this application, through the introduction of a multifunctional combination system of non-traditional weather-resistant additives, comprehensively improves the sealant's application performance in environments with strong radiation, large temperature differences, and high humidity coupling. While maintaining excellent adhesive strength and elastic recovery ability, the module adhesive significantly improves the interfacial adhesion durability under long-term humid and hot conditions, effectively delaying the aging process caused by multi-factor coupling and reducing the risk of sealant failure. Its application can significantly extend the service life of photovoltaic modules in extreme environments such as deserts with strong radiation and high altitudes, reduce the power generation efficiency degradation and maintenance cost increase caused by the aging of sealing materials, and provide a foundation for the long-term stable operation of high-reliability photovoltaic power plants.

[0052] 2. The reinforcing agent added in this application significantly improves the hydrolytic stability of the bonding interface under humid and hot conditions by forming chelate bonds with the surface of metal and glass substrates; triphenyl phosphate introduces phosphorus-based flame retardant function in liquid form, avoiding the need for additional solid fillers and maintaining colloidal flexibility; epoxidized soybean oil irreversibly captures acidic substances generated by organosilicon aging through epoxy groups, blocking the acid-catalyzed degradation chain, while its macromolecular structure is not easily migrated, maintaining stress buffering capacity for a long time. The combined effect of the three ingredients greatly improves the overall performance, providing a foundation for maintaining subsequent performance.

[0053] 3. The composite functional agent added in this application preferentially reacts with the acidic products generated by the hydrolysis of organosilicon, eliminating the risk of acid-catalyzed degradation; the hydrogenated rosin acid quaternary ammonium salt provides toughening with its fused ring rigid skeleton, and its quaternary ammonium cations form ionic bonds with the surface of the aluminum alloy frame to enhance the durability of wet adhesion; the epoxy groups of epoxidized soybean oleate preferentially undergo ring-opening consumption under ultraviolet irradiation, protecting the organosilicon main chain by sacrificing itself, thereby ultimately ensuring the reconciliation of performance contradictions and maintaining good comprehensive application performance. Detailed Implementation

[0054] In the following specific embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the sources / preparation methods of some raw materials are as follows: α,ω-Dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane, 107 industrial grade, viscosity 50000 mPa·s, 25℃, Shandong Guohua Chemical Co., Ltd., China.

[0055] Dimethyl silicone oil, industrial grade, viscosity 350 mPa·s, 25℃, Shandong Guohua Chemical Co., Ltd., China.

[0056] Polycarbodiimide, industrial grade, Jiangsu Bost Chemical Co., Ltd., China.

[0057] Example 1 A photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation, comprising, by weight, at least the following raw materials: 108.5 parts of module adhesive matrix, 20.2 parts of plasticizer, 24.6 parts of composite filler, 4.3 parts of crosslinking agent, 11.5 parts of reinforcing agent, 0.4 parts of catalyst, 7.6 parts of composite functional agent, 0.5 parts of light stabilizer, 0.3 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 2 parts of tackifier, and 22.5 parts of thermal conductive agent.

[0058] The component's adhesive matrix is ​​α,ω-dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane with a viscosity of 50,000 mPa·s at 25℃.

[0059] The plasticizer is dimethyl silicone oil with a viscosity of 350 mPa·s at 25℃.

[0060] The composite filler is a combination of fumed silica and silica powder in a mass ratio of 2.2:3.8. The average particle size of the fumed silica is 15 nm. The average particle size of the silica powder is 2.5 μm.

[0061] The crosslinking agent is methyltrimethoxysilane. The catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate. The reinforcing agent is a combination of triethanolamine borate, triphenyl phosphate, and epoxidized soybean oil in a mass ratio of 4.5:1.2:0.8.

[0062] The composite functional agent is a combination of polycarbodiimide, hydrogenated rosin acid quaternary ammonium salt and epoxidized soybean oleate methyl ester, with a mass ratio of 2.5:1:1.2.

[0063] The light stabilizer is UV622. The ultraviolet absorber is UV-312. The tackifier is KH-560. The thermal conductive agent is magnesium oxide with an average particle size of 2.2 μm.

[0064] A method for preparing the above-mentioned photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation specifically includes the following steps: S1: The raw materials of the reinforcing agent and the composite functional agent are respectively mixed at 55°C in different mixing tanks and stirred for 25 minutes to obtain the material for later use; S2: The module adhesive matrix and plasticizer are added sequentially to the mixing tank of a planetary mixer, and the mixture is stirred at 30 rpm and 600 rpm for 20 minutes. Then, the composite filler and thermal conductive agent are added, and the dispersion speed is increased to 900 rpm and stirred for 28 minutes to ensure thorough dispersion; S3: The remaining raw materials are added sequentially, and the mixing speed is maintained for 25 minutes each time. After completion, the mixing tank is sealed, vacuumed to −0.095 MPa, and degassed at 10 rpm for 25 minutes. Under the protection of dry nitrogen, the degassed adhesive is filled into a sealed packaging container to obtain the final product.

[0065] Example 2 A photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation, comprising, by weight, at least the following raw materials: 115 parts of module adhesive matrix, 20.2 parts of plasticizer, 25.2 parts of composite filler, 4.4 parts of crosslinking agent, 13 parts of reinforcing agent, 0.4 parts of catalyst, 6 parts of composite functional agent, 0.5 parts of light stabilizer, 0.3 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 2.1 parts of tackifier, and 23 parts of thermal conductive agent.

[0066] The reinforcing agent is a combination of triethanolamine borate, triphenyl phosphate and epoxidized soybean oil in a mass ratio of 5:1:1.

[0067] The above are the only differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1; all other aspects are the same.

[0068] Example 3 A photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation, comprising, by weight, at least the following raw materials: 110 parts of module adhesive matrix, 20.2 parts of plasticizer, 24.6 parts of composite filler, 4.3 parts of crosslinking agent, 10.5 parts of reinforcing agent, 0.4 parts of catalyst, 8.2 parts of composite functional agent, 0.5 parts of light stabilizer, 0.3 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 2 parts of tackifier, and 22.5 parts of thermal conductive agent.

[0069] The composite functional agent is a combination of polycarbodiimide, hydrogenated rosin acid quaternary ammonium salt and epoxidized soybean oleate methyl ester, with a mass ratio of 3.5:0.7:1.3.

[0070] The above are the only differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1; all other aspects are the same.

[0071] Comparative Example 1 A photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation, comprising, by weight, at least the following raw materials: 120 parts of module adhesive matrix, 20.2 parts of plasticizer, 24.6 parts of composite filler, 4.3 parts of crosslinking agent, 15 parts of reinforcing agent, 0.4 parts of catalyst, 3.5 parts of composite functional agent, 0.5 parts of light stabilizer, 0.3 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 2 parts of tackifier, and 22.5 parts of thermal conductive agent.

[0072] The above are the only differences between this comparative example and Example 1; all other aspects are the same.

[0073] Comparative Example 2 A photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation, comprising, by weight, at least the following raw materials: 120 parts of module adhesive matrix, 20.2 parts of plasticizer, 24.6 parts of composite filler, 4.3 parts of crosslinking agent, 4.5 parts of reinforcing agent, 0.4 parts of catalyst, 11.2 parts of composite functional agent, 0.5 parts of light stabilizer, 0.3 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 2 parts of tackifier, and 22.5 parts of thermal conductive agent.

[0074] The above are the only differences between this comparative example and Example 1; all other aspects are the same.

[0075] Comparative Example 3 A photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation, comprising, by weight, at least the following raw materials: 108.5 parts of module adhesive matrix, 20.2 parts of plasticizer, 24.6 parts of composite filler, 4.3 parts of crosslinking agent, 11.5 parts of reinforcing agent, 0.4 parts of catalyst, 7.6 parts of composite functional agent, 0.5 parts of light stabilizer, 0.3 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 2 parts of tackifier, and 22.5 parts of thermal conductive agent.

[0076] The reinforcing agent is a combination of triethanolamine borate, triphenyl phosphate and epoxidized soybean oil in a mass ratio of 5.5:0.8:0.2.

[0077] The above are the only differences between this comparative example and Example 1; all other aspects are the same.

[0078] Comparative Example 4 A photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation, comprising, by weight, at least the following raw materials: 108.5 parts of module adhesive matrix, 20.2 parts of plasticizer, 24.6 parts of composite filler, 4.3 parts of crosslinking agent, 11.5 parts of reinforcing agent, 0.4 parts of catalyst, 7.6 parts of composite functional agent, 0.5 parts of light stabilizer, 0.3 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 2 parts of tackifier, and 22.5 parts of thermal conductive agent.

[0079] The reinforcing agent is a combination of triethanolamine borate, triphenyl phosphate and epoxidized soybean oil in a mass ratio of 2:3:1.5.

[0080] The above are the only differences between this comparative example and Example 1; all other aspects are the same.

[0081] Comparative Example 5 A photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation, comprising, by weight, at least the following raw materials: 108.5 parts of module adhesive matrix, 20.2 parts of plasticizer, 24.6 parts of composite filler, 4.3 parts of crosslinking agent, 11.5 parts of reinforcing agent, 0.4 parts of catalyst, 7.6 parts of composite functional agent, 0.5 parts of light stabilizer, 0.3 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 2 parts of tackifier, and 22.5 parts of thermal conductive agent.

[0082] The composite functional agent is a combination of polycarbodiimide, hydrogenated rosin acid quaternary ammonium salt and epoxidized soybean oleate methyl ester, with a mass ratio of 3.5:0.2:1.

[0083] The above are the only differences between this comparative example and Example 1; all other aspects are the same.

[0084] Comparative Example 6 A photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation, comprising, by weight, at least the following raw materials: 108.5 parts of module adhesive matrix, 20.2 parts of plasticizer, 24.6 parts of composite filler, 4.3 parts of crosslinking agent, 11.5 parts of reinforcing agent, 0.4 parts of catalyst, 7.6 parts of composite functional agent, 0.5 parts of light stabilizer, 0.3 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 2 parts of tackifier, and 22.5 parts of thermal conductive agent.

[0085] The composite functional agent is a combination of polycarbodiimide, hydrogenated rosin acid quaternary ammonium salt and epoxidized soybean oleate methyl ester, with a mass ratio of 1:2.2:1.5.

[0086] The above are the only differences between this comparative example and Example 1; all other aspects are the same.

[0087] Performance testing 1. Tensile Adhesion: Using a clean aluminum alloy plate as the substrate, specimens were prepared under standard test conditions of 23±2℃ and 50±5%RH, ensuring a bonding area of ​​25mm×12mm between the component adhesive and the substrate and an adhesive layer thickness of 5mm. The specimens were cured under standard conditions for 28 days until the adhesive was fully cured. The cured specimens were then mounted on a universal tensile testing machine, and a tensile force was applied at a constant tensile speed of 5mm / min until the specimen failed. The maximum tensile strength was recorded, and the average of 10 tests was recorded in Table 1.

[0088] 2. UV resistance: The specimens prepared according to the same method as the tensile adhesion test were placed in a xenon arc lamp aging test chamber with a radiation wavelength of 340 nm, an irradiation intensity of 0.51 W / (m²·nm), a black standard temperature of 65±3℃, and a relative humidity of 50±10%RH. After continuous exposure for 3000 h, the specimens were removed and placed under standard conditions for 24 hours. Tensile tests were then performed at a speed of 5 mm / min, and the tensile strength retention rate was recorded. The average of 10 tests was recorded in Table 1.

[0089] 3. Yellowing Resistance: The component was glued into a uniform sheet with a thickness of 1 mm and cured for 28 days under standard conditions. After measuring the initial color parameters, the sample was placed in a fluorescent ultraviolet aging test chamber using a UVB-313 lamp with an irradiance of 0.63 W / m² and a blackboard temperature of 60±3℃ for 500 hours. The sample was then removed, cooled to room temperature, and the color difference value was measured using a spectrophotometer to obtain the yellowing index ΔYI. The average of 10 tests was recorded in Table 1.

[0090] 4. Dielectric Strength: The component is glued into a uniform sheet with a thickness of 1 mm and fully cured under standard conditions. The sample is immersed in a container filled with insulating oil, and ball electrodes are installed at the top and bottom. The voltage is continuously and uniformly increased at a rate of 2 kV / s until the sample breaks down. The breakdown voltage value is recorded, and the dielectric strength is calculated. The result is the average of 10 tests and recorded in Table 1.

[0091] 5. Thermal Aging: After the component adhesive is fully cured under standard conditions, it is cut into standard dumbbell-shaped specimens. The specimens are freely suspended in a thermal aging test chamber, with the temperature inside the chamber kept constant at 90±2℃, and aged continuously for 1000h. The specimens are then removed and conditioned at standard laboratory temperature for 24h. The tensile strength after aging is measured at a speed of 5mm / min. The tensile strength retention rate after aging and before aging is calculated. The results are the average of 10 tests and recorded in Table 1.

[0092] Table 1 Performance Test Results Example 1 2.11 91.2 1.44 20.3 90.1 Example 2 2.05 90.8 1.52 21.1 89.6 Example 3 2.09 90.5 1.46 20.2 90.3 Comparative Example 1 1.74 87.6 2.34 16.7 82.2 Comparative Example 2 1.85 85.5 2.17 18.5 79.6 Comparative Example 3 1.69 88.1 3.05 19.1 85.5 Comparative Example 4 1.95 86.1 2.54 18.2 84.7 Comparative Example 5 1.82 89.5 2.22 19.0 83.6 Comparative Example 6 1.77 87.4 2.19 18.6 84.8 Analysis of Test Results: Examples 1-3 achieved superior performance test results compared to Comparative Examples 1-6. This is attributed to the corresponding technical solutions specified in this application used in Examples 1-3. With appropriate raw material selection and proportions, Examples 1-3 significantly improved the hydrolytic stability of the bonding interface under humid and hot conditions, captured acidic substances generated by organosilicon aging, blocked the acid-catalyzed degradation chain, and its macromolecular structure was not easily migrated, maintaining stress buffering capacity for a long time. Furthermore, the added composite functional agent preferentially reacted with the acidic products generated by organosilicon hydrolysis, eliminating the hidden danger of acid-catalyzed degradation. Hydrogenated rosin acid quaternary ammonium salt provided toughening with its fused-ring rigid framework, and its quaternary ammonium cations formed ionic bonds with the surface of the aluminum alloy frame, enhancing the durability of wet bonding. The epoxy groups of epoxidized soybean oleate preferentially underwent ring-opening consumption under ultraviolet irradiation, protecting the organosilicon main chain by sacrificing itself, thereby ultimately ensuring the reconciliation of performance contradictions and maintaining good comprehensive application performance. In contrast, Comparative Examples 1-6, due to the use of different technical solutions specified in this application, resulted in a significant decrease in the technical effect of their raw materials, leading to a decrease in the comprehensive performance of the final product.

[0093] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles described in this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation, characterized in that: By weight, the raw material formula includes at least the following: 100-130 parts of component adhesive matrix, 15-25 parts of plasticizer, 18-32 parts of composite filler, 3-5 parts of crosslinking agent, 8-15 parts of reinforcing agent, 0.3-0.6 parts of catalyst, 4-10 parts of composite functional agent, 0.3-0.8 parts of light stabilizer, 0.3-0.6 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 1.5-2.5 parts of tackifier, and 20-25 parts of thermal conductive agent; The viscosity of the component's adhesive matrix is ​​40,000~65,000 mPa·s at 25℃; The component's adhesive matrix is ​​α,ω-dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane; The reinforcing agent is a combination of triethanolamine borate, triphenyl phosphate and epoxidized soybean oil, in a mass ratio of (3~5):(1~2):(0.5~1). The composite functional agent is a combination of polycarbodiimide, hydrogenated rosin acid quaternary ammonium salt and epoxidized soybean oleate methyl ester, with a mass ratio of (2~4):(0.6~1.2):(1~1.8).

2. The photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The plasticizer is at least one of dimethyl silicone oil, polyether-modified silicone oil, methylphenyl silicone oil, and hydrogenated polybutadiene.

3. The photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the component matrix, reinforcing agent, and composite functional agent is (10~12):(1~1.4):(0.5~0.9).

4. The photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The composite filler is a combination of fumed silica and silicon micropowder, with a mass ratio of (2~3):(2.5~4.5).

5. The photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The crosslinking agent is at least one selected from methyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, methyltributylone oxime silane, and vinyltributylone oxime silane.

6. The photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The light stabilizer is bis(pentamethylpiperidinyl) sebacate or UV622.

7. The photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The thickener is at least one of KH-560, KH-550, KH-570, KH-792 and mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane.

8. The photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The thermal conductive agent is at least one of magnesium oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, and boron nitride.

9. A method for preparing a photovoltaic module adhesive resistant to strong ultraviolet radiation as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Specifically, the following steps are included: S1: The raw materials of the reinforcing agent and the composite functional agent are mixed and stirred in different mixing tanks under heat, and the materials are set aside for later use; S2: The component matrix and plasticizer are added to the mixing tank of the planetary mixer in sequence. After mixing, the composite filler and thermal conductive agent are added, and the dispersion speed is increased to fully disperse them; S3: The remaining raw materials are added in sequence. The mixing speed is maintained at each addition to ensure complete mixing. After completion, the mixing tank is sealed, vacuumed and degassed. Under the protection of dry nitrogen, the degassed material is filled into a sealed packaging container to obtain the final product.