Coal mine rock burst drilling and blasting combined pressure relief protection device

Abstract

The application discloses a coal mine rock burst drilling and blasting combined pressure relief protection device, which belongs to the technical field of protection devices. The device comprises a mounting frame, five pressure relief protection structures are installed in the mounting frame, the five pressure relief protection structures comprise five operating cylinders, five discharge pipes, five discharge connectors, five air inlet pipes, five air outlet pipes and five pistons, the five operating cylinders are installed in the mounting frame, the five discharge pipes are connected with the bottom ends of the five operating cylinders respectively, and the five discharge connectors are installed at one end of the five discharge pipes respectively. The device is provided with five pressure relief protection structures in the mounting frame, each pressure relief protection structure is provided with independent operating cylinders, discharge pipes and pistons, five groups of pressure relief operations can be simultaneously performed, the efficiency of the pressure relief operation is greatly improved, the concentrated stress in the coal and rock mass can be quickly released, and the occurrence of rock burst can be effectively inhibited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of protective device technology, specifically to a combined pressure relief and protection device for drilling and blasting in coal mines in response to rockburst. Background Technology

[0002] In deep coal mining, rockburst is a serious mine dynamic disaster. Its occurrence can lead to deformation and damage of the surrounding rock in roadways, and even cause roadway collapses, equipment damage, and casualties, severely restricting safe coal mine production and threatening the lives and property of underground workers. Currently, drilling and blasting are the two most commonly used core technologies for rockburst prevention in coal mines. Their combined use can achieve a synergistic pressure relief effect of "release energy first, then propagate fractures," improving the reliability of rockburst prevention.

[0003] However, existing borehole blasting combined depressurization devices generally suffer from problems such as unreasonable structural design, cumbersome operation, insufficient protection performance, and poor adaptability, making it difficult to meet the needs of complex downhole working conditions. Specifically, existing devices are mostly single depressurization structures, unable to achieve multiple sets of simultaneous depressurization operations, resulting in low depressurization efficiency and difficulty in quickly releasing concentrated stress in coal and rock masses. During the depressurization process, the delivery and control of blasting and sealing materials are not precise enough, easily leading to material leakage and poor delivery, which affects the depressurization effect. Therefore, new technical solutions need to be designed to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a combined pressure relief and protection device for drilling and blasting in coal mines to address the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a coal mine rockburst drilling and blasting combined pressure relief and protection device, including a mounting frame, wherein five pressure relief and protection structures are installed in the mounting frame, and the five pressure relief and protection structures include five operating cylinders, five discharge pipes, five discharge joints, five air inlet pipes, five air extraction pipes and five pistons. All five operating cylinders are installed in the mounting frame. The five discharge pipes are respectively connected to the bottom of the five operating cylinders. The five discharge connectors are respectively installed at one end of the five discharge pipes. One end of the five air inlet pipes is respectively connected to the front wall of the five operating cylinders. One end of the five air extraction pipes is respectively connected to the rear wall of the five operating cylinders. The five pistons are respectively movably embedded in the five operating cylinders.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the coal mine rockburst drilling and blasting combined pressure relief and protection device of the present invention, each of the five pistons is provided with a feed hole at its center, and the upper end of the five pistons is connected to five feed control structures, which include five hoses, five pipe joints, five connecting pipes and five control valves. The bottom ends of the five hoses are respectively connected to the top ends of the five pistons, the five pipe joints are respectively installed at the top ends of the five hoses, the bottom ends of the five connecting pipes pass through the upper wall of the five operating cylinders and are respectively connected to the top ends of the five pipe joints, and the five control valves are respectively installed at the upper ends of the five connecting pipes.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the coal mine rockburst drilling and blasting combined pressure relief and protection device of the present invention, the upper ends of the five connecting pipes are connected to a mixing structure, the mixing structure including a mixing box, a support frame, a motor and a mixing shaft; The bottom of the mixing box is connected to the top of the five connecting pipes. The support frame is fixedly installed on both sides of the mixing box, and its bottom end is connected to the upper two sides of the mounting frame. The motor is installed on one side of the outer wall of the mixing box. The two ends of the mixing shaft are respectively movably embedded in the two side walls of the mixing box, and one end is connected to the motor drive end.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the coal mine rockburst drilling and blasting combined pressure relief and protection device of the present invention, the upper end of the discharge joint is provided with several connecting holes.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the coal mine rockburst drilling and blasting combined pressure relief protection device of the present invention, the pipe joint is a reducing joint.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the coal mine rockburst drilling and blasting combined pressure relief protection device of the present invention, the upper end of the air inlet pipe is provided with a first quick connector.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the coal mine rockburst drilling and blasting combined pressure relief protection device of the present invention, the upper end of the air extraction pipe is provided with a second quick connector.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the design of the combined pressure relief and protection device for drilling and blasting in coal mine rock bursts is reasonable; This device, by incorporating five pressure relief and protection structures within the mounting frame, with each structure corresponding to an independent operating cylinder, discharge pipe, piston, and other components, enables five sets of pressure relief operations to be performed simultaneously. This significantly improves the efficiency of pressure relief operations, rapidly releasing concentrated stress in the coal and rock mass and effectively suppressing the occurrence of rockbursts. Furthermore, the five pressure relief and protection structures are integrated onto the same mounting frame, resulting in a compact structure that facilitates underground deployment and relocation, adapting to roadways with different cross-sections and reducing construction difficulty. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a front-view stereoscopic structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a rear-view stereoscopic structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at point A of the present invention.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Mounting frame, 2. Operating cylinder, 3. Discharge pipe, 4. Discharge connector, 5. Air inlet pipe, 6. Air extraction pipe, 7. Piston, 8. Feed hole, 9. Hose, 10. Pipe connector, 11. Connecting pipe, 12. Control valve, 13. Mixing box, 14. Support frame, 15. Motor, 16. Mixing shaft, 17. Connecting hole, 18. First quick connector, 19. Second quick connector. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Please see Figure 1-4 The present invention provides a technical solution: This technical solution discloses a combined pressure relief and protection device for drilling and blasting in coal mines to prevent rock bursts. The core component is a mounting frame 1, which serves as the supporting foundation for the entire device. The mounting frame 1 is constructed from high-strength alloy steel and welded together. Its overall dimensions are designed to fit the cross-sectional specifications of the underground roadway, typically with a length of 1.5-2.0m, a width of 0.8-1.0m, and a height of 1.2-1.5m, ensuring stable placement within the underground roadway while facilitating transport and installation. The mounting frame 1 is internally divided into five independent mounting cavities by welding. Five pressure relief and protection structures are installed within these cavities, enabling integrated arrangement of multiple pressure relief operations. Depending on the underground pressure relief requirements, single, multiple, or all pressure relief and protection structures can be flexibly selected for simultaneous operation.

[0017] All five pressure relief protection structures adopt a symmetrical design, with consistent structure and specifications, facilitating mass production, installation, and maintenance. Each pressure relief protection structure includes an operating cylinder 2, a discharge pipe 3, a discharge connector 4, an air inlet pipe 5, an air extraction pipe 6, and a piston 7. The five operating cylinders 2 are all detachably bolted and fixedly installed in the five mounting cavities of the mounting frame 1. The operating cylinders 2 are made of seamless steel pipes with an inner diameter of 80-120mm and a length of 1.0-1.2m. Their inner walls are precision-polished to ensure that the piston 7 can move smoothly and has a good seal, preventing gas leakage from affecting the operation.

[0018] Five discharge pipes 3 are respectively connected to the bottom ends of five operating cylinders 2 via flange seals. The discharge pipes 3 are made of wear-resistant steel pipes with an inner diameter of 50-80mm. The length is designed to be adapted to the height of the mounting frame 1 and the location of the downhole drilling, generally 0.5-0.8m. Their function is to accurately transport the explosive materials and sealing materials in the operating cylinders 2 to the downhole pressure relief drilling holes to achieve pressure relief and sealing operations. Five discharge connectors 4 are respectively fixedly installed at the ends of the five discharge pipes 3 away from the operating cylinders 2 via threads. The discharge connectors 4 are made of corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant materials, and sealing gaskets are set at the connection with the discharge pipes 3 to ensure no leakage during material transportation.

[0019] Five air inlet pipes 5 are connected at one end to the front wall of five operating cylinders 2 by welding seal. The inner diameter of the air inlet pipes 5 is 20-30mm. Their function is to introduce high-pressure gas (generally compressed air, with a pressure of 0.8-1.2MPa) into the operating cylinders 2 to provide power for the reciprocating motion of the piston 7. Five air extraction pipes 6 are connected at one end to the rear wall of five operating cylinders 2 by welding seal. The inner diameter of the air extraction pipes 6 is the same as that of the air inlet pipes 5. Their function is to extract the gas in the operating cylinders 2, so that a negative pressure is formed in the operating cylinders 2, driving the piston 7 to reset, so as to facilitate the continuous operation of subsequent operations.

[0020] Five pistons 7 are movably embedded in five operating cylinders 2. The pistons 7 are rubber-sealed pistons, with their outer diameter tightly fitted to the inner diameter of the operating cylinder 2. An annular sealing groove is provided on the outer wall of the piston 7, and a sealing ring is installed inside the groove to further improve sealing performance and prevent gas and material leakage from the operating cylinder 2. In the specific implementation process, high-pressure gas is introduced into the air inlet pipe 5, pushing the piston 7 backward along the inner wall of the operating cylinder 2, pushing the material inside the operating cylinder 2 to the discharge pipe 3, and then conveying it to the downhole pressure relief borehole through the discharge connector 4. After the operation is completed, the gas inside the operating cylinder 2 is extracted through the air extraction pipe 6, and the piston 7 returns to its original position under negative pressure, completing one pressure relief cycle.

[0021] In some technical solutions, to achieve precise control of the pressure relief materials (explosive cartridges, sealing mortar, etc.), each of the five pistons 7 has a feed hole 8 at its center. The feed hole 8 has an inner diameter of 30-50mm and is connected to the subsequent feeding control structure to facilitate the material entering the operating cylinder 2. Each of the five pistons 7 has a corresponding feeding control structure at its upper end. These five feeding control structures are identical in structure and independently controlled. The feed rate and speed can be adjusted individually according to the operational requirements of each pressure relief protection structure, improving the targeted nature of the pressure relief operation.

[0022] Each of the five feed control structures includes a hose 9, a pipe joint 10, a connecting pipe 11, and a control valve 12. The bottom ends of the five hoses 9 are respectively connected to the top ends of the five pistons 7 by threaded sealing. The hoses 9 are made of flame-retardant, wear-resistant, and corrosion-resistant high-pressure hoses with a length of 0.3-0.5m. They have good flexibility and can adapt to the reciprocating motion of the pistons 7, avoiding damage or leakage caused by the pistons 7 pulling on the hoses 9 when they move.

[0023] Five pipe fittings 10 are respectively fixed to the top of five hoses 9 by threads. The pipe fittings 10 are used to connect the hoses 9 and the connecting pipes 11 to ensure a tight connection and good sealing. The bottom ends of the five connecting pipes 11 pass through the upper wall of the five operating cylinders 2 respectively. Sealing sleeves are set at the penetration positions to prevent gas leakage inside the operating cylinders 2. The bottom end of the connecting pipe 11 is connected to the top of the pipe fittings 10 by threads for sealing. The connecting pipe 11 is made of rigid steel pipe with an inner diameter consistent with the inlet hole 8. It is used to guide the externally conveyed material to the hoses 9 and then enter the operating cylinders 2 through the inlet hole 8.

[0024] Five control valves 12 are respectively installed on the upper end of five connecting pipes 11. The control valves 12 are underground explosion-proof shut-off valves, which can be manually or remotely controlled. By adjusting the opening of the control valves 12, the amount of material entering the operating cylinder 2 and the feeding speed can be precisely controlled to adapt to the stress distribution of coal and rock masses in different areas, avoiding material waste or insufficient feeding that may affect the pressure relief effect. In the specific implementation process, when it is necessary to add material into the operating cylinder 2, the corresponding control valve 12 is opened. The material enters the operating cylinder 2 through the connecting pipe 11, pipe joint 10, hose 9 and feed hole 8. After the material is added, the control valve 12 is closed to ensure that the operating cylinder 2 is sealed. Then, high-pressure gas is introduced through the air inlet pipe 5 to drive the piston 7 to operate.

[0025] In some technical solutions, in order to simplify the material mixing process and improve the uniformity of material mixing, the upper ends of the five connecting pipes 11 are connected to a mixing structure. This mixing structure is used to mix blasting auxiliary materials, sealing materials, etc. on site, without the need for pre-mixing outside, reducing the difficulty of downhole construction, while ensuring uniform material mixing and improving the pressure relief and sealing effect.

[0026] The mixing structure includes a mixing box 13, a support frame 14, a motor 15, and a mixing shaft 16. The mixing box 13 is made of stainless steel and has a rectangular structure. Its internal volume is designed according to the feeding requirements of the five pressure relief protection structures, generally 0.5-1.0 m³. The mixing box 13 has a feeding port at the top for easy addition of various materials, and five discharge ports at the bottom, which are respectively connected to the top of five connecting pipes 11 through flange sealing to ensure that the mixed materials can be evenly distributed into each connecting pipe 11.

[0027] The support frame 14 is made of channel steel and is divided into two groups, left and right, which are fixedly installed on the outer walls of the two sides of the mixing box 13. The bottom end of the support frame 14 is fixedly connected to the upper two sides of the mounting frame 1 by bolts, which is used to provide stable support for the mixing box 13 and ensure that the mixing box 13 will not shake or tilt during the mixing process, thus adapting to the underground vibration environment.

[0028] The motor 15 is an explosion-proof underground motor with a power of 1.5-3.0kW. It is installed on the outer wall of one side of the mixing box 13. The outer shell of the motor 15 is fixedly connected to the mixing box 13 by bolts. The drive end of the motor 15 passes through the side wall of the mixing box 13 and is fixedly connected to one end of the mixing shaft 16. The two ends of the mixing shaft 16 are respectively movably embedded in the two side walls of the mixing box 13 through bearings. Several stirring blades are welded on the outer wall of the mixing shaft 16. The stirring blades are distributed in a spiral shape to ensure that the materials are mixed evenly.

[0029] In the specific implementation process, various materials that need to be mixed are fed into the inlet at the top of the mixing tank 13. The motor 15 is started, and the motor 15 drives the mixing shaft 16 to rotate, which in turn drives the stirring blades to stir and mix the materials. After the mixture is evenly mixed, the corresponding control valve 12 is opened, and the mixed material enters the connecting pipe 11 through the outlet at the bottom of the mixing tank 13, and is then transported to the operating cylinder 2 to complete the feeding operation. This mixing structure is easy to operate, has high mixing efficiency, and can flexibly adjust the mixing ratio according to needs, adapting to the material requirements of different pressure relief scenarios.

[0030] In some technical solutions, to achieve a quick and stable connection between the discharge connector 4 and the downhole pressure relief drilling pipeline, the upper end of the discharge connector 4 is provided with several connection holes 17. The number of connection holes 17 is 4-6, evenly distributed in a ring, and the hole diameter is 8-12mm. In the specific implementation process, after the delivery pipeline of the downhole pressure relief drilling is connected to the discharge connector 4, the two are fixedly connected by bolts passing through the connection holes 17. The ring-shaped distribution design of the connection holes 17 can ensure uniform stress on the connection, improve the stability of the connection, avoid loosening and leakage of the connection due to vibration during material transportation, and facilitate quick assembly and disassembly, thereby improving the efficiency of downhole construction.

[0031] In some technical solutions, the pipe joint 10 adopts a reducing joint, whose specifications are designed to adapt to the inner diameters of the hose 9 and the connecting pipe 11. Generally, the larger end adapts to the connecting pipe 11, and the smaller end adapts to the hose 9. The reducing joint is made of stainless steel and has threads on both ends for threaded connection with the connecting pipe 11 and the hose 9, respectively. The design of using a reducing joint can effectively adapt to hoses 9 and connecting pipes 11 with different inner diameters, solving problems such as loose connection and leakage caused by mismatch between the inner diameters of hose 9 and connecting pipe 11. At the same time, it enhances the versatility of the feed control structure, making it easier to replace hoses 9 or connecting pipes 11 of different specifications in the future, thus reducing maintenance costs.

[0032] In some technical solutions, the upper end of the air inlet pipe 5 is equipped with a first quick connector 18. The first quick connector 18 is a downhole explosion-proof quick connector, which is fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe 5 by threads. Its specifications are compatible with the downhole high-pressure gas pipeline. In specific implementation, the first quick connector 18 can realize the rapid connection and disconnection of the air inlet pipe 5 and the downhole high-pressure gas pipeline without the need for tools, which greatly improves the installation and disassembly efficiency of the device. At the same time, the first quick connector 18 has good sealing performance, which can prevent high-pressure gas leakage, ensure stable power supply to the piston 7, and meet the needs of rapid downhole construction.

[0033] In some technical solutions, a second quick connector 19 is provided at the upper end of the extraction pipe 6. The second quick connector 19 has the same specifications as the first quick connector 18, both being downhole explosion-proof quick connectors. It is fixedly connected to the extraction pipe 6 by threads and is compatible with the pipeline of the downhole negative pressure extraction equipment. In specific implementation, the second quick connector 19 enables quick docking and disassembly between the extraction pipe 6 and the downhole negative pressure extraction equipment, facilitating the rapid reset operation of the piston 7. Simultaneously, it ensures no gas leakage during the extraction process, improves the efficiency and stability of piston 7 reset, and further guarantees the continuity of pressure relief operations.

[0034] Overall Work Process Description In practical applications, the overall operation process of this device is as follows: 1. Fix the mounting frame 1 in the downhole pressure relief operation area, connect the air inlet pipe 5 to the downhole high-pressure gas circuit through the first quick connector 18, and connect the extraction pipe 6 to the downhole negative pressure extraction equipment through the second quick connector 19; 2. Put various pressure relief materials into the mixing box 13 and start the motor 15 to mix; 3. According to the downhole pressure relief requirements, open the corresponding control valve 12 to transport the mixed materials to the operating cylinder 2; 4. Introduce high-pressure gas into the air inlet pipe 5 to push the piston 7 to move, and transport the materials through the discharge pipe 3 and discharge connector 4 to the downhole pressure relief borehole to complete the pressure relief operation; 5. After the operation is completed, extract the gas in the operating cylinder 2 through the extraction pipe 6 to reset the piston 7, close the control valve 12, and prepare for the next operation.

[0035] Through the coordinated operation of the above-mentioned structures, this device achieves multi-group synchronous pressure relief, precise feeding, and convenient operation, adapting to complex underground working conditions. It effectively improves the efficiency and safety of combined pressure relief in coal mine rockburst drilling and blasting, and has good practicality and promotion value.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0037] Although the invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, various modifications can be made and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, features in the embodiments disclosed herein can be combined in any way, provided there is no structural conflict. The lack of an exhaustive description of these combinations in this specification is merely for brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A combined pressure relief and protection device for drilling and blasting in coal mines to prevent rock bursts, comprising a mounting frame (1), characterized in that, The mounting frame (1) is equipped with five pressure relief protection structures, which include five operating cylinders (2), five discharge pipes (3), five discharge connectors (4), five air inlet pipes (5), five air extraction pipes (6), and five pistons (7). All five operating cylinders (2) are installed in the mounting frame (1), the five discharge pipes (3) are respectively connected to the bottom end of the five operating cylinders (2), the five discharge connectors (4) are respectively installed at one end of the five discharge pipes (3), one end of the five air inlet pipes (5) is respectively connected to the front wall of the five operating cylinders (2), one end of the five air extraction pipes (6) is respectively connected to the rear wall of the five operating cylinders (2), and the five pistons (7) are respectively movably embedded in the five operating cylinders (2).

2. The combined pressure relief and protection device for drilling and blasting in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the five pistons (7) has a feed hole (8) at its center. The upper end of each of the five pistons (7) is connected to a feed control structure. The five feed control structures include five hoses (9), five pipe joints (10), five connecting pipes (11), and five control valves (12). The bottom ends of the five hoses (9) are respectively connected to the top ends of the five pistons (7), the five pipe joints (10) are respectively installed on the top ends of the five hoses (9), the bottom ends of the five connecting pipes (11) are respectively through the upper wall of the five operating cylinders (2) and are respectively connected to the top ends of the five pipe joints (10), and the five control valves (12) are respectively installed on the upper ends of the five connecting pipes (11).

3. The combined pressure relief and protection device for drilling and blasting in coal mines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper ends of the five connecting pipes (11) are connected to a mixing structure, which includes a mixing box (13), a support frame (14), a motor (15), and a mixing shaft (16). The bottom end of the mixing box (13) is connected to the top end of the five connecting pipes (11). The support frame (14) is fixedly installed on both sides of the mixing box (13) and its bottom end is connected to both sides of the upper end of the mounting frame (1). The motor (15) is installed on the outer wall of one side of the mixing box (13). The two ends of the mixing shaft (16) are respectively movably embedded in the two side walls of the mixing box (13) and one end is connected to the drive end of the motor (15).

4. The combined pressure relief and protection device for drilling and blasting in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the discharge connector (4) is provided with several connection holes (17).

5. A combined pressure relief and protection device for drilling and blasting in coal mines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pipe joint (10) is a reducing joint.

6. The combined pressure relief and protection device for drilling and blasting in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the air intake pipe (5) is provided with a first quick connector (18).

7. A combined pressure relief and protection device for drilling and blasting in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the air extraction pipe (6) is provided with a second quick connector (19).

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