Method for preparing a modified pollen extract and its use in cosmetics

Abstract

This invention relates to a method for preparing modified pollen extract and its application in cosmetics. The invention modifies the pollen extract using a specific concentration of oxidant. This process achieves two main effects: firstly, decolorization, making it suitable for use as a raw material in cosmetics such as foundation; secondly, the oxidant slightly corrodes the surface and inner walls of the pores, increasing the porosity and specific surface area of ​​the pollen extract and opening up the interconnected channels between the pores, thereby significantly improving the oil absorption performance of the cosmetic and reducing makeup smudging. Furthermore, the oxidation modification treatment reduces the density of the pollen extract, giving it excellent rolling feel, silky texture, and suspension stability in cosmetics, avoiding the heaviness and mask-like feel of traditional high-density powders, achieving a balance between high coverage and a lightweight feel. The pollen extract of this invention contains flavonoids and superoxide dismutase, providing the cosmetic with additional skin-nourishing effects such as anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cosmetic technology and relates to a method for preparing modified pollen extract and its application in cosmetics. Background Technology

[0002] Foundation, as a base makeup product, is mainly used to even out skin tone, cover blemishes, minimize pores, and also has certain skincare functions. Consumers have increasingly diverse demands for foundation, requiring not only good coverage and long-lasting wear, but also a lightweight feel, a natural finish, and additional skincare benefits (such as oil control, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidation).

[0003] Currently, liquid foundations often use powders such as talc, mica, titanium dioxide, and silica to achieve coverage, fill pores, and adjust skin texture. However, these traditional powders have some limitations: 1. The balance between skin texture and coverage: High coverage often means small particle size and large dosage, which can easily lead to a heavy makeup look, dryness, and clogged pores. 2. Limited efficacy: Traditional powders are mostly inert ingredients, mainly serving as physical fillers and concealers, lacking active skincare benefits such as oil control, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammation. 3. Oil absorption and makeup staying power: Although some powders have a certain oil-absorbing capacity, their long-term absorption and oil control capabilities are limited when dealing with excessive sebum secreted by the skin, easily leading to makeup fading.

[0004] Naturally derived microcapsule materials, such as pollen exoskeletons—pollenin—possess unique microporous structures, high mechanical strength, acid and alkali resistance, and excellent adsorption properties. Theoretically, it can be used as a novel powder raw material in liquid foundations to replace or partially replace traditional powders, achieving effects such as oil adsorption, loading active ingredients, and providing a silky smooth feel. However, the color, purity, and effects of natural pollenin on the overall rheology, stability, feel, and coverage of liquid foundations have not been systematically studied and applied. Therefore, developing a modified pollenin suitable for liquid foundation systems with stable performance, and utilizing its properties to prepare a liquid foundation with oil control, makeup longevity, and skin-nourishing effects, has become a pressing technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the issues of limited efficacy and difficulty in balancing skin feel and coverage in traditional liquid foundations, this invention provides a method for preparing modified pollen extract and its application in cosmetics. This invention uses a specific concentration of oxidant to oxidize and modify the pollen extract. On one hand, this decolorizes the extract, making it usable as a raw material in foundations and other cosmetics. On the other hand, the oxidant slightly corrodes the surface and inner walls of the pores, increasing the porosity and specific surface area of ​​the pollen extract and opening up the interconnected channels between the pores. This significantly improves the oil absorption of the cosmetic and reduces makeup smudging. Furthermore, the oxidation modification reduces the density of the pollen extract, giving it excellent rolling feel, silky texture, and suspension stability in cosmetics. This avoids the heaviness and mask-like appearance associated with traditional high-density powders, achieving a balance between high coverage and a lightweight feel. The pollen extract of this invention contains flavonoids and superoxide dismutase, providing additional skin-nourishing effects such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties to the cosmetic.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following methods: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a modified pollen extract, comprising the following steps: S1. Use organic solvents to remove pollen protoplasts; S2. Then, add protease to the pollen for enzymatic hydrolysis and purification; S3. Resuspend the precipitate after enzymatic hydrolysis, add an oxidant for oxidative modification, and then add ascorbic acid for post-treatment. S4. The post-treated pollen is dried to obtain the modified pollen extract.

[0007] As one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the organic solvent is selected from one or more of C1-C4 alcohols, C3-C4 ketones, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane; wherein the C1-C4 alcohols are selected from one or more of methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol, and the C3-C4 ketones are selected from one or more of acetone and butanone.

[0008] As one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the pollen is selected from one or more of pine pollen, rapeseed pollen, camellia pollen, lotus pollen, loquat pollen, corn pollen, and cattail pollen.

[0009] As one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the protease is selected from one or more of alkaline protease, neutral protease, complex protease, and papain; the mass fraction of the protease in the pollen protein is 2-10 wt%.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the oxidant is selected from one or more of hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, ozone, urea peroxide, and sodium hypochlorite, and its concentration is 2-10 vol%. Preferably, it is 2-5 vol%.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the oxidation modification temperature is 40-70℃, the time is 6-24 h, and the pH is 6.2-6.8.

[0012] This invention, through extensive experimentation, has found that the effectiveness of oxidative modification is closely related to the concentration of the oxidant, the reaction temperature, and the processing time. When the concentration is below 2 vol%, the decolorization effect is poor, the product retains a noticeable yellow residue, and the oil absorption value improvement is limited (<185 g / 100g). When the concentration is above 10 vol%, the structure of the sporophytin microspheres is easily destroyed by excessive oxidation, resulting in a decrease in yield (<45%), and collapse is likely to occur during the drying process. When the temperature is below 40℃, the oxidation reaction rate is too slow, requiring the processing time to be extended to more than 24 hours, leading to low production efficiency. When the temperature is above 70℃, the oxidant (e.g., hydrogen peroxide) decomposes rapidly and becomes ineffective, reducing the utilization rate of the oxidant and worsening the controllability of the reaction. Therefore, this invention controls the temperature at 40-70℃, preferably 50-60℃. When the time is less than 1 hour, the oxidation reaction is insufficient, and both decolorization and pore-expansion effects are unsatisfactory. When the time exceeds 24 hours, the risk of excessive oxidation leading to decreased yield and structural damage increases significantly, and the excessively long production cycle is not conducive to industrialization. Therefore, the present invention controls the time to 1-24 hours, preferably 4-6 hours.

[0013] Within the above-mentioned preferred range, the present invention can achieve full decolorization, high oil absorption (≥359g / 100g) and good batch stability of the product while ensuring the integrity of the sporophyll cavity structure, making it suitable for industrial production.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the mass ratio of ascorbic acid to pollen is 0.01~0.05:1; the post-treatment temperature is 25~37℃, and the time is 1-4 h. Preferably, it is 1-2 h.

[0015] In this invention, residual hydrogen peroxide, acting as an oxidizing agent, primarily reacts with polyphenols and cellulose in pollen, producing quinones and degradation products that cause yellowing. However, the addition of ascorbic acid, acting as a reducing agent, can reduce the residual hydrogen peroxide to water under mild conditions, thus preventing the subsequent yellowing problem.

[0016] Pollen walls (sporocytes) are chemically very stable biopolymers, but oxidants (such as hydrogen peroxide) can slightly corrode or etch their surface and pore walls. When the hydrogen peroxide concentration is 0.1–1 vol%, the treatment time is 4–6 hours, primarily removing surface deposits and impurities from the protective layer, thus clearing the original natural pores. Oil absorption value and specific surface area begin to increase, but decolorization is not significant. When the hydrogen peroxide concentration is 2–5 vol%, within the same treatment time, with intensified oxidation, the pollen inner wall (mostly cellulose) and pore inner walls are slightly decomposed, further expanding the pore size. At this point, the oil absorption value and specific surface area reach their peak. However, when the hydrogen peroxide concentration is 6–10 vol%, within the same treatment time, the pollen wall is severely damaged, leading to pollen breakage. At this point, the specific surface area decreases, and the oil absorption capacity weakens.

[0017] The antioxidant properties of pollen extracts primarily derive from the abundant natural active ingredients found in their endosomes. These endosomes contain a variety of antioxidants, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, vitamin C, vitamin E, and superoxide dismutase. Their mechanism of action lies in the fact that the phenolic hydroxyl groups in the structures of flavonoids and phenolic acids can donate hydrogen atoms, effectively neutralizing and scavenging free radicals, thereby interrupting the chain reaction of lipid peroxidation. Simultaneously, these components can also chelate Fe²⁺. + Cu² + Transition metal ions inhibit the generation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals, reducing oxidative damage at its source. Therefore, endoplastics, through a dual pathway (free radical scavenging and metal ion chelation), endow pollen extracts with significant antioxidant activity.

[0018] During hydrogen peroxide treatment, the content of endoplastics in pollen decreases further as the degree of bleaching and oxidation increases. Using flavonoid content as an indicator, this value decreases from 2.15 mg / g pollen before bleaching to 0.80 mg / g pollen.

[0019] As one embodiment of the present invention, step S4 further includes mixing the modified pollen extract with a physical modifier; the physical modifier includes one or more of the following: natural hydrophobic substances, potassium hydroxide solution, fatty acids, triethoxyoctylsilane, and vinyltriethoxysilane; the natural hydrophobic substances are selected from one or more of the following: hydrogenated lecithin, lecithin, lysophosphatidyl lysine, lauroyl lysine, disodium stearoyl glutamate, magnesium stearate, magnesium myristate, zinc stearate, polymethylsilsesquioxane, polydimethylsiloxane / vinyl polydimethylsiloxane crosspolymer, jojoba ester, sunflower seed wax, carnauba wax, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum starch octenyl succinate, and cellulose gum.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, the mass ratio of the modified pollen extract to the physical modifier is 100:1-20.

[0021] Secondly, the present invention provides a modified pollen extract obtained by the preparation method described above.

[0022] Thirdly, the present invention provides a cosmetic composition comprising 3-10% by weight of modified pollen extract.

[0023] As one embodiment of the present invention, the dosage form of the cosmetic includes one of foundation, sunscreen, eyebrow powder, and loose powder.

[0024] Fourthly, the present invention provides a method for preparing a cosmetic composition, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Add the modified pollen extract and powder components to the oil phase component, and homogenize and disperse to obtain an oil-powder mixed slurry; Step 2: Add the aqueous phase component to the oil phase-powder mixture, stir and homogenize to obtain a water-in-oil emulsion; Step 3: After the water-in-oil emulsion has cooled, add the heat-sensitive ingredient and stir. Continue cooling to obtain the final product.

[0025] As one embodiment of the present invention, in step one, the oil phase component includes one or more of cyclic C12-15 benzoic acid esters and emulsifiers; wherein, the emulsifiers include one or more of cetyl PEG / PPG-10 / 1 polydimethylsiloxane and polyglycerol-4 isostearate.

[0026] As one embodiment of the present invention, in step one, the oil phase component is an oil phase component that has been preheated and stirred; wherein, the preheating temperature is 75-85℃ and the stirring rate is 300-600 rpm.

[0027] As one embodiment of the present invention, in step one, the powder components include one or more of titanium dioxide, iron oxide pigments, and mica.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step one, the rotation speed of the homogenization dispersion is 8000-12000 rpm, and the time is 10-20 minutes.

[0029] This invention involves pre-mixing and homogenizing modified pollen extract with an oil phase and powder. Utilizing the excellent oleophobic / lipophilic properties of the modified pollen extract, it is rapidly dispersed in the oil phase. Simultaneously, the homogenizing shear force breaks up powder aggregates, ensuring that each powder particle is uniformly coated with the oil phase. This lays the foundation for the subsequent formation of a stable water-in-oil emulsion.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step two, the aqueous phase component includes one or more of deionized water, glycerol, butanediol, sodium chloride, and preservatives.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step two, the aqueous phase component is an aqueous phase component that has been preheated and stirred; wherein, the preheating temperature is 75-85℃ and the stirring rate is 300-600 rpm.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step two, the stirring rate is 300-500 rpm and the homogenization rate is 5000-12000 rpm.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step three, the heat-sensitive component includes one or more of fragrance, preservative, and active extract.

[0034] The cosmetic composition of this invention is preferably a water-in-oil foundation, and its preparation method employs a specific process of "pre-dispersing powder in an oil phase, homogenizing, and then emulsifying with an aqueous phase." The core of this process lies in: first, thoroughly mixing and homogenizing the hydrophobically modified pollen extract with the oil phase and other powders, ensuring the powder surface is completely wetted by the oil phase to form a uniform oily dispersion slurry, and then adding the aqueous phase for emulsification. This process effectively prevents powder agglomeration and improves the fineness, stability, and spreadability of the foundation.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention obtains pollen extracts with light color (white to light yellow), high purity (no allergenic proteins), low density, wide particle size range, and strong oil absorption through a comprehensive process of "organic solvent removal - enzymatic purification - oxidative modification - surface physical modification". These extracts can be added to cosmetics such as foundation. Moreover, this process is green and environmentally friendly, avoiding the use of strong acids and alkalis.

[0036] 2. This invention applies modified pollen extract to foundation. Its unique microporous structure effectively absorbs excess sebum secreted by the skin, achieving long-lasting oil control (significantly reducing sebum secretion within 8 hours) and minimizing makeup smudging. Simultaneously, its inherent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities provide additional skin-nourishing benefits to the foundation. Furthermore, the modified pollen extract of this invention also exhibits excellent UV protection properties.

[0037] 3. The hollow, rigid microsphere structure and low true density of the modified pollen extract in this invention give it excellent rollability, silky smoothness, and suspension stability in liquid foundation. It not only avoids the heavy, mask-like feel of traditional high-density powders (such as titanium dioxide and talc), but also improves the smoothness and skin adhesion of the product, achieving a balance between high coverage and a lightweight feel.

[0038] 4. This invention effectively increases the porosity and specific surface area of ​​pollen extract through oxidative modification, thereby significantly enhancing its adsorption and sustained-release capabilities. Simultaneously, it reduces density, and combined with subsequent surface physical modification, ensures stable dispersion in the oil phase without sedimentation. Furthermore, oxidative modification not only increases porosity but also opens up interconnected channels between pores, making most pores "effective pores" that can be penetrated and adsorbed by sebum, thus achieving a significant improvement in oil absorption performance.

[0039] 5. This invention effectively removes potentially allergenic proteins from pollen through enzymatic hydrolysis and oxidative modification steps, ensuring the safety of the raw materials for use in facial cosmetics. Furthermore, this preparation method is applicable to various pollen raw materials (such as rapeseed flowers, camellia flowers, loquat flowers, etc.), and extracts with different particle size ranges can be selected according to application requirements.

[0040] 6. This invention can further regulate the surface properties of modified pollen extracts through physical adsorption modification, making them better suited to oil or aqueous phase systems of different formulations, and able to be stably dispersed in the oil phase without easily settling, thus enhancing its application potential as a general cosmetic powder raw material. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A color comparison before and after bleaching; Figure 2 The mass loss of the samples in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is shown. Figure 3 The results show the skin sensitization of samples from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following examples are implemented under the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, providing detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures, which will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention. It should be noted that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments; any adjustments and improvements made under the concept of the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for preparing modified pollen extract, including the following steps: 1) Pretreatment to remove protoplasts; 1. Weighing: Weigh 1 kg of lotus pollen.

[0044] 2. Cleaning: Add 5 kg of deionized water and centrifuge at high speed (1000 rpm) for 5 minutes using a filter centrifuge. Repeat twice to remove surface dust and water-soluble impurities.

[0045] 3. Elution of protoplasm: Resuspend pollen in 8 kg of ethyl acetate / ethanol (1:3) solution for 15 min, then centrifuge at high speed for 5 min, repeating twice. Resuspend pollen in 5 kg of ethanol for 15 min, then centrifuge at high speed twice. Observe whether the filtrate is colorless or light yellow. If the color is dark, repeat the ethanol operation until the filtrate is colorless or light yellow.

[0046] 2) Enzymatic purification; Enzymatic hydrolysate equilibration: Add 5 kg of enzymatic hydrolysate (pure water, adjusted to pH 8.0 with 30 wt% NaOH solution, containing 1.5 mM CaCl2) to the filter residue, soak for 30 min, then centrifuge at high speed for 5 min. Resuspend in the enzymatic hydrolysate and allow to equilibrate for 30 min. The mass of pure water here is calculated based on the provided pollen quantity: 100 g - pretreated pollen : 5 kg - water.

[0047] Enzyme reaction: Dissolve a certain amount of alkaline protease in the above enzymatic hydrolysate to prepare an enzyme working solution with a concentration of 800 μg / mL (the amount of enzyme added is 10 wt% relative to the protein content in the pollen). Add the enzyme working solution to the above solution for enzymatic hydrolysis and purification.

[0048] 3) Oxidative modification and post-treatment: Oxidative modification: The precipitate after enzymatic hydrolysis was resuspended in pure water, and the pH was adjusted to 6.2-6.8. Hydrogen peroxide was added to achieve a final volume concentration of 5 vol% in the suspension (i.e., 5 mL of hydrogen peroxide per 100 mL of suspension). The reaction system was placed in a 60°C constant temperature shaking incubator and stirred at 200 rpm for 6 hours. The color change of the pollen extract was observed.

[0049] Post-processing: Add ascorbic acid (mass ratio of ascorbic acid to pollen is 0.03:1) for post-processing. After the reaction is complete, wash three times with pure water by centrifugation (4000 rpm, 5 minutes). Collect the precipitate, vacuum dry at room temperature for 12 hours, and then freeze dry for 48 hours to obtain the modified pollen extract.

[0050] 4) Physical modification of pollen extracts Because lotus pollen is inherently hydrophilic, its dispersibility is poor when directly applied to oil-phase systems. Therefore, hydrophobic modification is necessary. The specific procedure involves mixing the modified pollen extract with hydrogenated lecithin at a mass ratio of 100:10 to obtain a modified pollen extract. The contact angle of this modified extract is increased from <30° to >90°, and its color is lighter, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0051] When other pollen types (such as sunflower, pine, rapeseed, tea, loquat) are selected, the hydrophobic physical modification method may further include: Alkaline activation treatment: Place pollen in a 1-3M potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution and reflux at 60-80℃ for 1-3 hours to remove some of the inner wall proteins and expose more hydroxyl active sites.

[0052] Fatty acid grafting coating: Activated pollen or pollen purified by enzymatic hydrolysis is dispersed in an ethanol solution containing stearic acid (mass ratio 1:1 to 5:1) and stirred at 50-70℃ for 1-2 hours to allow fatty acids to be uniformly deposited on the pollen surface.

[0053] Silanization treatment: Add triethoxyoctylsilane or vinyltriethoxysilane (1-5 wt%) to an alcohol-water mixture, adjust the pH to weakly acidic, and react at room temperature for 2-4 hours to impart stable hydrophobic properties to the pollen.

[0054] 5) Ball milling control group: The modified pollen extract obtained in step 4) was further ball milled using high-speed mechanical mixing (2000 rpm, 20 minutes) as the ball milling control group.

[0055] Example 2 The preparation method of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that the final volume concentration of hydrogen peroxide in step 3) is replaced with 2 vol.

[0056] Example 3 The preparation method of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that the final volume concentration of hydrogen peroxide in step 3) is replaced with 10 vol.

[0057] Comparative Example 1 The preparation method of this comparative example is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that the oxidation modification is omitted in step 3).

[0058] Comparative Example 2 The preparation method of this comparative example is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that in step 3), the final concentration of hydrogen peroxide is replaced with 1 vol.

[0059] Comparative Example 3 The preparation method of this comparative example is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that in step 3), the final concentration of hydrogen peroxide is replaced with 12 vol.

[0060] Performance testing: Test Example 1: Particle Size and Particle Size Distribution The particle size distribution of each sample was determined using a laser particle size analyzer (Mastersizer 3000, Malvern). The dispersion medium was pure water, and the samples were ultrasonically dispersed for 3 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion. The D50 and D90 values ​​were recorded. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0061] Table 1 Pollen grain size after treatment by different methods

[0062] The particle size of Comparative Example 1 (enzymatic hydrolysis only, no oxidative modification) was slightly smaller than that of the raw material, indicating that the enzymatic hydrolysis process removed some endoplasts but did not cause significant damage to the pollen wall; the D50 of Comparative Example 2 (low-concentration oxidation, 1 vol% hydrogen peroxide) was 60.10 μm, which was further reduced; the D50 of Comparative Example 3 (high-concentration oxidation, 12 vol% hydrogen peroxide) decreased to 55.23 μm, but the distribution became wider, indicating that some pollen walls were broken; the D50 of Example 1 was 58.09 μm, and the particle size distribution was narrower, indicating that the pollen wall structure remained intact under the preferred oxidation conditions; the D50 of the ball-milled control group decreased to 17.76 μm, and the particle size distribution became wider. Microscopic observation showed that the pollen changed from spherical to amorphous particles after ball milling. The above results indicate that the preferred oxidation modification conditions of this invention can achieve purification and decolorization while maintaining the integrity of the pollen wall structure. Further ball milling can effectively reduce the particle size to 15-17 μm, which is suitable for cosmetic applications that require a finer skin feel, but it will damage the spherical structure.

[0063] Test Example 2: Oil Absorption Value Test The test was conducted according to ISO 787-5 "Pigments and fillers—Determination of oil absorption". 2.00 g of the sample was weighed and placed on a glass dish. Refined linseed oil (density 0.93 g / mL) was added dropwise using a burette. After each addition, the mixture was thoroughly stirred with a spatula. The endpoint was reached when a uniform paste (not broken, not spreading, and able to clump) was formed. The amount of oil consumed was recorded, and the oil absorption value (g / 100g) was calculated. Each sample was measured three times, and the average value was taken. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0064] Table 2. Oil absorption values ​​of pollen after different treatment methods

[0065] The oil absorption value of the raw pollen was 85 g / 100g, higher than that of talc (38 g / 100g), indicating that the pollen itself has a certain oil absorption capacity. The oil absorption value of Comparative Example 1 (enzymatic hydrolysis only) increased to 185 g / 100g, an increase of 117.6%, indicating that the hollow cavities and natural pores of the pollen wall were exposed after enzymatic hydrolysis to remove the endoplasm, significantly enhancing the oil absorption capacity. The oil absorption value of Comparative Example 2 (low-concentration oxidation) increased to 298 g / 100g, with the oil absorption value increasing with increasing oxidation concentration. Example 1 had the highest oil absorption value, reaching 376 g / 100g, an increase of 342.3% compared to the raw material, superior to commercially available porous silica (195 g / 100g), consistent with the increasing trend of specific surface area and pore volume in Test Example 2. The oil absorption value of Comparative Example 3 (high-concentration oxidation) decreased to 128 g / 100g, with excessive oxidation leading to pore collapse and weakened oil absorption capacity. The oil absorption value of the ball-milled control group decreased to 168 g / 100g. Ball milling destroyed the hollow structure, but the oil absorption value was still higher than that of Comparative Example 1, indicating that some of the porous structure was preserved. These results show that the preferred oxidative modification conditions of this invention can increase the oil absorption value of pollen extract from 85 g / 100g to 376 g / 100g, which is significantly better than traditional talc and commercially available porous silica.

[0066] Test Example 3: Porosity Test Nitrogen adsorption-desorption was performed using a fully automated specific surface area and porosity analyzer (ASAP 2460, Micromeritics) at -196°C. Specific surface area was calculated using the BET equation, and pore volume and pore size distribution were calculated using the BJH method. True density was determined using the gas displacement method (AccuPyc II 1340, Micromeritics, helium). Porosity was calculated using the formula (1 - apparent density / true density) × 100%. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0067] Table 3. Porosity of pollen after different treatment methods

[0068] 1 Surface porosity is the porosity calculated from BET results and true density. 2 Porosity calculated from oil absorption value The raw pollen had a specific surface area of ​​only 2.85 m² / g, a pore volume of 0.008 cm³ / g, and a porosity of 52.3%. Comparative Example 1 (enzymatic hydrolysis only) showed an increased specific surface area of ​​8.52 m² / g, a pore volume of 0.025 cm³ / g, and a porosity of 58.6%, indicating that the pores previously occupied were cleared after enzymatic hydrolysis to remove endoplastics. Comparative Example 2 (low-concentration oxidation) further increased the specific surface area to 12.35 m² / g, a pore volume of 0.038 cm³ / g, and a porosity of 61.2%. Example 1 showed the best performance, with a specific surface area of ​​15.68 m² / g, a pore volume of 0.048 cm³ / g, and an average pore diameter that increased from 11.2 nm in the raw material to 12.5 nm. The specific surface area of ​​the pollen extract was 62.8%, indicating that under the preferred conditions, the oxidant effectively etched the inner walls of the pollen walls and pores, further unblocking the pores and expanding the pore size. Comparative Example 3 (high-concentration oxidation) showed a decrease in specific surface area to 4.32 m² / g, pore volume to 0.012 cm³ / g, and porosity to 48.5%, because excessive oxidation damaged the pollen wall structure, leading to pore collapse. The ball-milled control group showed a decrease in specific surface area to 8.25 m² / g and porosity to 52.4%, indicating that ball milling damaged the hollow spherical structure of the pollen, resulting in a decrease in porosity. These results demonstrate that the preferred oxidation modification conditions of this invention can increase the specific surface area of ​​the pollen extract from 2.85 m² / g to 15.68 m² / g and the porosity from 52.3% to 62.8%, significantly increasing the number of adsorption active sites.

[0069] Table 4. Pore connectivity of pollen after different treatment methods

[0070] As shown in Table 4, the ratio of surface porosity (calculated by BET method and true density) to effective porosity (calculated by oil absorption value) of the modified pollen extract of this invention, i.e., the pore connectivity rate, reaches over 1.22, significantly higher than that of untreated pollen (0.81) and pollen treated only by enzymatic hydrolysis (1.07). This indicates that the oxidative modification treatment of this invention not only increases the number of pores in the material, but more importantly, opens up the connecting channels between pores, making most pores "effective pores" that can be entered and adsorbed by sebum, thereby achieving a significant improvement in oil absorption performance. High pore connectivity rate is the core structural feature that gives the modified pollen extract of this invention its excellent oil control effect.

[0071] Test Example 4: Protein and Flavonoid Content at Different Stages The endoplastic residue rate in pollen was comprehensively evaluated using two indicators: total protein content and total flavonoid content. Total protein content was determined using the Kjeldahl method (referring to GB 5009.5-2016), where protein content = total nitrogen content × 6.25. Total flavonoid content was determined using the aluminum nitrate-sodium nitrite colorimetric method, with rutin as the standard and absorbance measured at 510 nm. The test results are shown in Table 5. The total protein content of the raw pollen was 362.2 mg / g, and the total flavonoid content was 3.74 mg / g. Comparative Example 1 (enzymatic hydrolysis only) shows that enzymatic hydrolysis can effectively remove half of the protein and flavonoids. The results of Comparative Example 2 (low-concentration oxidation) show that oxidation treatment can further remove polyphenols bound to the cell wall (flavonoid content decreased from 1.85 mg / g to 1.25 mg / g). In Example 1, the total protein residue was 61 mg / g, and the total flavonoid residue was 0.80 mg / g, indicating that under the preferred conditions, oxidation modification can effectively remove most of the endoplastosome components while avoiding excessive oxidation that could damage the pollen wall. In Comparative Example 3 (high-concentration oxidation), the protein and flavonoid content were further reduced, but at the cost of damage to the pollen wall structure (see Test Examples 1 and 2). The above results indicate that the preferred oxidation modification conditions of this invention can effectively remove protein and flavonoids, reduce the risk of allergies, and ensure the cosmetic safety of the raw materials.

[0072] Table 5

[0073] Test Example 5: Nucleic Acid Content The nucleic acid content in pollen was determined according to the detection method on the TIANamp Genomic DNA Kit to assess the total DNA content in pollen extracts under different treatment conditions. DNA quantification was performed using a micro spectrophotometer (Nano 300) to measure absorbance at 260 nm and 280 nm, and nucleic acid content was accurately quantified. The test results are shown in Table 6. A low OD ratio suggests the possible presence of residual proteins or other impurities or excessive DNA degradation. The residual DNA content in Example 1 was 81 μg / g, which ensured efficient removal of allergenic proteins while retaining some nucleic acids.

[0074] Table 6

[0075] Test Example 6: UV Resistance of Raw Materials Referring to standard UNE 84124:2014 (Spain), the ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry was used to evaluate the reflectance and absorption capabilities of the modified pollen extract of this invention in the ultraviolet (UVA / UVB) bands, exploring its application potential as a natural physical sunscreen. The test sample was the sample from Example 1, with an absorption rate of 90.30-69.44%, and the absorption rate in the UVB band was significantly greater than that in the UVA band, indicating it is a clearly high-absorption, low-reflection sunscreen material.

[0076] Test Example 7: Cytotoxicity and Sensitization Test The biosafety of the modified pollen extract of this invention, including cytotoxicity and skin sensitization, was evaluated according to ISO 10993-5 and ISO 10993-10 standards to verify its safety as a cosmetic ingredient. First, cytotoxicity was assessed using the CCK-8 assay (Cell Counting Kit-8) to determine the dosage. Then, following the OECD TG 442E guideline (in vitro skin sensitization test—human cell line activation assay, h-CLAT), the expression level of the cell surface marker CD86 was detected using THP-1 cells (human monocytic leukemia cells) and flow cytometry to assess the skin sensitization of the modified pollen extract. After cytotoxicity testing, the optimal dosage of lotus was determined to be 0.2%. Its skin sensitization is as follows... Figure 3 As shown in the figure, no sensitization was observed at this dosage concentration, indicating that oxidative modification further reduced the risk of residual sensitizing substances. The above results demonstrate that the modified pollen extract of this invention has no skin sensitization properties, meets the relevant requirements of the "Cosmetic Safety Technical Specifications," and can be safely used in cosmetics.

[0077] Test Example 8: Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Test Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging assays. DPPH assay: A 0.1 mM DPPH ethanol solution was prepared, and the sample was prepared in concentration gradients ranging from 0.1 to 5.0 mg / mL. 2 mL of the test solution was mixed with 2 mL of DPPH solution and reacted in the dark for 30 minutes. The absorbance was measured at 517 nm, and the scavenging rate and IC50 were calculated. 50 Value. ABTS experiment: Preparation of ABTS + Free radical working solution (A734≈0.70): 0.2 mL of the test solution was reacted with 2 mL of ABTS working solution for 6 minutes, and the absorbance was measured at 734 nm. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using an LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage inflammation model: cells were inoculated at a rate of 1×10⁻⁶ cells / cells. 5Cells were seeded at a density of 1 cell / well. The sample group was pre-incubated with 25-100 μg / mL of sample for 2 hours. The model and sample groups were stimulated with LPS (1 μg / mL) for 24 hours. Cell supernatants were collected, and the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-10 were measured using an ELISA kit. The test results are shown in Table 7. The raw pollen showed good antioxidant activity (DPPH IC50). 50 =0.82 mg / mL, ABTS IC 50 =0.75 mg / mL, attributed to the abundance of natural antioxidants such as flavonoids and phenolic acids in its endoplasms; the antioxidant activity of Comparative Example 1 (enzymatic hydrolysis only) was lower than that of the raw material (DPPH IC). 50 =0.95 mg / mL, ABTS IC 50 =0.88 mg / mL), because the enzymatic hydrolysis process removed some of the antioxidant components in the endosomes; the antioxidant activity of Example 1 further decreased (DPPH IC). 50 =1.25 mg / mL, ABTS IC 50 =1.15 mg / mL), because the oxidative modification further removed the polyphenols bound to the cell wall (total flavonoid content decreased from 2.15 to 0.80 mg / g), but it still has moderate antioxidant capacity. Regarding anti-inflammatory activity, the raw pollen significantly inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory factors (TNF-α inhibition rate 42.5%, IL-6 inhibition rate 38.2%, IL-1β inhibition rate 35.6% at 100 μg / mL), while promoting the release of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 (from 28.5 pg / mL in the model group to 85.6 pg / mL). The anti-inflammatory activity of Comparative Example 1 was lower than that of the raw pollen (TNF-α inhibition rate 32.8%, IL-6 inhibition rate 28.5%, IL-1β inhibition rate 25.2%, IL-10 was 72.3 pg / mL). The anti-inflammatory activity of Example 1 was further decreased (TNF-α inhibition rate 25.6%, IL-6 inhibition rate 22.4%, IL-1β inhibition rate 18.5%, IL-10 was 58.6 pg / mL), but was still significantly higher than that of the model group. Correlation analysis showed that antioxidant activity (DPPH scavenging rate) was significantly positively correlated with total flavonoid content (Pearson r=0.93, p<0.01), and anti-inflammatory activity (TNF-α inhibition rate) was significantly positively correlated with total protein content (Pearson r=0.88, p<0.01), indicating that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the pollen extract mainly originate from the active components in the endosomes. These results demonstrate that the modified pollen extract of this invention retains moderate antioxidant activity (DPPH scavenging rate) while efficiently removing endosomes (residual rate 2.8%) to ensure safety. 50=1.25 mg / mL) and certain anti-inflammatory activity (TNF-α inhibition rate of 25.6% at 100 μg / mL), which can provide additional skin care benefits for cosmetics, reflecting a good balance between safety and efficacy.

[0078] The results of the DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging experiments are shown in Table 7: Table 7

[0079] The LPS-induced inhibition of inflammatory factors experiment (sample concentration 100 μg / mL) is shown in Table 8: Table 8

[0080] Application Example 1: Liquid Foundation The cosmetic composition (water-in-oil foundation) of the present invention is prepared by the following process: First, the oil phase components (cyclopentamethoxysiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane, C12-15 benzoyl alcohol, cetyl PEG / PPG-10 / 1 polydimethylsiloxane, polyglycerol-4 isostearate, distearate dimethylammonium lithium montmorillonite) are added to the main emulsifying vessel and heated to 80°C, stirred at 400 rpm until completely dissolved; then, under stirring conditions, the powder components (10 wt% modified pollen extract, titanium dioxide, iron oxide pigments, and mica from Example 1) are slowly added to the oil phase. After the addition is complete, the vacuum is drawn to -0.06~-0.08 MPa, and the mixture is stirred at 12000 rpm. The mixture is homogenized at high speed for 20 minutes to fully depolymerize the powder and completely wet it with the oil phase, forming a uniform oil-powder mixture. Separately, the aqueous phase components (deionized water, glycerol, butylene glycol, sodium chloride, and preservative) are added to the auxiliary reactor and heated to 80°C, stirred until completely dissolved. Then, under simultaneous stirring (300 rpm) and homogenization (7000 rpm), the hot water phase is slowly and uniformly added to the oil-powder mixture in the main reactor over a period of 20 minutes. After addition, a vacuum is applied to -0.08 to -0.09 MPa, and the homogenization speed is increased to 12000 rpm. Homogenization continues for 8 minutes to fully break the aqueous phase into tiny droplets that are uniformly dispersed in the oil phase, forming a stable water-in-oil emulsion. Finally, heating is stopped, and the mixture is cooled to below 45°C with slow stirring at 300 rpm (optionally, heat-sensitive ingredients such as fragrance can be added). The mixture is then cooled to room temperature, filtered, and the resulting liquid foundation product is obtained. The key to this process is to first homogenize and pre-disperse the modified pollen extract together with the oil phase and other powders to ensure that the powder surface is fully wetted by the oil phase, and then emulsify it with the aqueous phase. This effectively avoids problems such as powder agglomeration, migration to the aqueous phase or distribution at the oil-water interface, and significantly improves the product's dispersibility, stability and smoothness of application.

[0081] Application Example 2: Sunscreen Lotion The pollen-based sunscreen lotion of the present invention is prepared by the following process: First, the modified pollen extract from Example 1 is mixed with the sunscreen lotion matrix (oil phase components such as caprylic / capric triglycerides, C12-15 benzoyl alcohol, and emulsifier such as cetyl PEG / PPG-10 / 1 polydimethylsiloxane), and heated to 80°C for homogenization; separately, the aqueous phase components (deionized water, glycerin, butylene glycol, and preservatives) are heated to 80°C and stirred until homogeneous; under homogenization conditions, the aqueous phase is slowly added to the oil phase, emulsified for 15 minutes, and cooled to obtain the final product. This pollen extract has natural UV absorption capabilities, and the resulting sunscreen lotion has an SPF of approximately 30, blocking approximately 97% of UV rays.

[0082] Application Example 3: Eyebrow Powder The pollen-based eyebrow powder of the present invention is prepared by the following process: (1) Powder premixing and pulverizing All powder components of phase A (modified pollen extract, mica, talc, titanium dioxide, iron oxide pigments, and magnesium stearate from Example 1) were weighed according to the formula ratio and added to a high-speed mixer. The mixture was premixed at 1000 rpm for 15 minutes to ensure uniform distribution of the powder components. The yellow pollen extract can replace a portion of the iron oxide yellow as a colorant. The premixed powder was then transferred to a ball mill for micronization to control the average particle size (D50) within the range of 5-15 μm.

[0083] (2) Oil granulation and mixing Mix the B phase components (caprylic / capric triglycerides, polydimethylsiloxane, phenoxyethanol, and vitamin E) thoroughly in a container, heat to 50°C (if the components are liquid at room temperature, they can be used directly), and stir until completely dissolved to form a clear oil phase binder solution.

[0084] Using a spraying or step-by-step addition method, the oil-phase binder is evenly sprayed or dripped into the micronized A-phase mixed powder, controlling the feeding rate (approximately 5-10 g / min, based on a 1 kg batch) while maintaining high-speed mixing (1500 rpm). After the addition is complete, continue mixing for 10 minutes to ensure the oil phase evenly coats the surface of each powder particle, forming an eyebrow powder base with certain adhesion and flowability.

[0085] (3) Sieving and pressing The granulated eyebrow powder base is passed through a 40-80 mesh sieve to remove a small amount of large agglomerated particles, resulting in a fine and uniform eyebrow powder. The sieved eyebrow powder is weighed and evenly filled into an eyebrow powder pressing mold. A gasket is placed on top, and the mold is pressed with a powder press at 30 MPa for 10 seconds to form a firm eyebrow powder compact.

[0086] Application Example 4: Loose Powder The pollen-based loose powder of the present invention is prepared by the following process: (1) Powder pretreatment and classification weighing For phase B coloring powder (iron oxide), a small amount of yellow pollen extract is mixed and then manually ground evenly in a mortar with a small amount of talc (approximately 1:5 ratio) to prepare color powder masterbatch; for phase C liquid components (squalane, tocopheryl acetate, preservatives, fragrance), they are premixed evenly to prepare a mixture for later use.

[0087] (2) Premixing of main ingredients The A-phase main powder (modified pollen extract, mica, talc, and silica) was added to a high-speed mixer and premixed at a low speed of 400 rpm for 10 minutes to ensure that the powder components were initially evenly distributed. High shear was avoided during this stage to prevent damage to the microsphere structure of the modified pollen extract.

[0088] (3) Addition and mixing of color powder The color powder masterbatch prepared in step (1) is gradually added to the main material, and mixed for 3 minutes after each powder is added. After the addition is complete, the mixing speed is increased to 800 rpm and mixing continues for 10 minutes.

[0089] (4) Micro-liquid addition While the mixer is running at a low speed (500 rpm), the C phase prepared in step (1) is sprayed evenly onto the powder surface in a fine mist, and the feeding rate is controlled (about 2-5 g / min, based on a 1 kg batch). After feeding is completed, continue mixing for 10 minutes to allow the liquid components to be uniformly adsorbed onto the powder surface.

[0090] (5) Micronization treatment The premixed powder is transferred to a ball mill for micronization to control the average particle size (D50) within the range of 5-15 μm.

[0091] (6) Sieving The micronized powder is sieved through a 150-200 mesh stainless steel sieve to remove a small amount of agglomerated large particles, resulting in fine, uniform, and free-flowing loose powder.

[0092] Efficacy test example Efficacy Test Example 1: Volatile Essential Oil Release Test (Constant Temperature and Humidity Weight Loss Method) The modified pollen extract of this invention was tested according to Method 3 (constant temperature and humidity loss-of-gravity method) in Part IV of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia to evaluate its sustained-release capacity for volatile active ingredients (such as essential oils). Test samples included: Sample 1 (modified pollen extract of this invention), Sample 1 (unoxidized), a commercially available control (porous silica), and a blank control (pure essential oil without carrier). Sample preparation was as follows: 2.0 g of each test sample was weighed and placed in a petri dish, then 0.5 g of tea tree essential oil was added and stirred thoroughly. The oil-loaded samples were placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber (25±1°C, relative humidity 50±5%). Samples were accurately weighed at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 108 hours, and the essential oil residue rate was calculated. Results are as follows: Figure 2 The results showed that the blank control (pure essential oil) was almost completely volatilized within 24 hours (with a residue rate of only 12.5%), and almost no residue was found after 48 hours. Comparative Example 1 (unoxidized) had an essential oil residue rate of 20.9% after 108 hours, significantly better than the blank control, indicating that the pollen extract itself has a certain adsorption and sustained-release capacity. The commercially available control (porous silica) had an essential oil residue rate similar to Comparative Example 1 after 108 hours. Example 1 (the modified pollen extract of this invention) performed best, with an essential oil residue rate of 29.5% after 108 hours, approximately 1.4 times that of commercially available porous silica. This is attributed to the fact that oxidative modification increased the porosity and specific surface area of ​​the pollen extract, while physical modification enhanced its affinity for oily substances; the synergistic effect of both significantly improved the adsorption and sustained-release capacity. These results demonstrate that the modified pollen extract of this invention has excellent adsorption and sustained-release capacity for volatile components and can serve as an ideal carrier for active substances such as essential oils, enabling long-lasting sustained release in functional cosmetics.

[0093] Efficacy Test Example 2: Comparison of Foundation Suspension Stability The suspension stability of the foundation liquid containing the modified pollen extract of this invention and the control foundation liquid containing conventional powders under accelerated conditions was evaluated using accelerated centrifugation and isothermal accelerated centrifugation methods. Test samples included: Application Example 1 – Example 1 (foundation liquid of this invention, containing the modified pollen extract of Example 1), control foundation liquid 1 (conventional foundation liquid, containing talc), and control foundation liquid 2 (commercially available oil-controlling foundation liquid, containing silicone elastomer microparticles). Accelerated centrifugation: 20 mL of each sample was placed in a centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 30 minutes. The height of the sedimentation layer was measured, and the sedimentation rate was calculated (sedimentation rate % = sedimentation layer height / total sample height × 100%). Isothermal accelerated centrifugation: 50 mL of each sample was placed in a transparent glass bottle, sealed, and placed in a 50°C constant temperature oven. The layering and bottom sedimentation were observed at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 30 days. Test results showed that Application Example 1 (the foundation liquid of this invention) had a sedimentation rate of only 3.2% after centrifugation at 4000 rpm for 30 minutes, with a stability rating of excellent; Control Foundation Liquid 1 (talc-based) had a sedimentation rate of 14.2%, with a rating of acceptable; Control Foundation Liquid 2 (commercially available oil-controlling foundation liquid) had a sedimentation rate of 5.8%, with a rating of good. Accelerated observation at 50°C showed that Application Example 1 exhibited only slight stratification of <2 mm after 30 days, while Control Foundation Liquid 1 showed obvious stratification (4 mm) after 7 days, severe stratification (10 mm) after 14 days, and bottom sedimentation and clumping; Control Foundation Liquid 2 showed obvious stratification (5 mm) and bottom sedimentation after 14 days. The modified pollen extract of this invention exhibits excellent suspension stability, mainly attributed to its low true density (1.0-1.5 g / cm³) and surface hydrophobic modification, enabling it to disperse stably in the oil phase without easily settling. The above results indicate that the modified pollen extract of this invention can significantly improve the suspension stability of foundation liquid, which is superior to traditional talc powder and commercially available oil-control foundation liquid.

[0094] Efficacy Test Example 3: Foundation Oil Control and Makeup Longevity Test The oil-controlling effect and makeup-holding ability of the foundation liquid containing the modified pollen extract of this invention on human skin were evaluated using a human half-face test. Test samples included: Application Example 1-Example 1 (foundation liquid of this invention, containing the modified pollen extract of Example 1), Control Foundation Liquid 1 (control foundation liquid, containing talc), and a blank control (no foundation liquid applied). The subjects were 30 healthy female volunteers (aged 22-45 years, with combination or oily skin). The test was conducted in a constant temperature and humidity chamber (25±1°C, relative humidity 50±5%). The test procedure was as follows: After cleansing, the subjects sat quietly in the test environment for 30 minutes. The baseline sebum content of the forehead area was measured using a skin oil analyzer (Sebumeter SM815). Approximately 0.2 g of the test sample was evenly applied to a designated half-face. Sebum content was measured at 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours after application. Simultaneously, a professional makeup artist scored the makeup-holding effect (1-5 points, with 5 points being the best). The test results are shown in Tables 9-11. Regarding oil control, the foundation liquid of this invention (Application Example 1) achieved a sebum inhibition rate of 20.0% after 2 hours and maintained a sebum inhibition rate of 17.2% after 8 hours, significantly better than the control foundation liquid 1 (talc-based, only 6.8% after 8 hours). This indicates that the modified pollen extract has excellent immediate and long-lasting oil control capabilities. In terms of makeup retention, the foundation liquid of this invention achieved a makeup retention score of 3.25 (good) after 8 hours, while the control foundation liquid 1 only achieved 2.20 (pass), significantly extending the makeup retention time. The modified pollen extract of this invention, through the physical adsorption of its porous microsphere structure, significantly improves the oil control and makeup retention capabilities of the foundation liquid, achieving a sebum inhibition rate of over 17% after 8 hours and maintaining a good makeup retention score.

[0095] Changes in sebum content: Unit: μg / cm², data expressed as Mean ± SD (n=30) Table 9

[0096] Sebum suppression rate: Table 10

[0097] Makeup staying power rating: Table 11

[0098] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a modified pollen extract, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Use organic solvents to remove pollen protoplasts; S2. Then, add protease to the pollen for enzymatic hydrolysis and purification; S3. Resuspend the precipitate after enzymatic hydrolysis, add an oxidant for oxidative modification, and then add ascorbic acid for post-treatment. S4. The post-treated pollen is dried to obtain the modified pollen extract.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the organic solvent is selected from one or more of C1-C4 alcohols, C3-C4 ketones, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane; wherein the C1-C4 alcohols are selected from one or more of methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol, and the C3-C4 ketones are selected from one or more of acetone and butanone; and the pollen is selected from one or more of pine pollen, rapeseed pollen, camellia pollen, lotus pollen, loquat pollen, corn pollen, and cattail pollen.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the protease is selected from one or more of alkaline protease, neutral protease, complex protease, and papain; the mass fraction of the protease in the pollen protein is 2-10 wt%.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the oxidant is selected from one or more of hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, ozone, urea peroxide, and sodium hypochlorite, and its concentration is 2-10 vol.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the oxidation modification temperature is 40-70℃, the time is 6-24 h, and the pH is 6.2-6.

8.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the mass ratio of ascorbic acid to pollen is 0.01~0.05:1; the post-treatment temperature is 25~37℃, and the time is 1-4 h.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 further includes mixing the modified pollen extract with a physical modifier; the physical modifier includes one or more of the following: natural hydrophobic substances, potassium hydroxide solution, fatty acids, triethoxyoctylsilane, and vinyltriethoxysilane; wherein the natural hydrophobic substances are selected from one or more of the following: hydrogenated lecithin, lecithin, lysophosphatidyl lysine, lauroyl glutamate, disodium stearoyl glutamate, magnesium stearate, magnesium myristate, zinc stearate, polymethylsilsesquioxane, polydimethylsiloxane / vinyl polydimethylsiloxane crosspolymer, jojoba ester, sunflower seed wax, carnauba wax, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum octenyl succinate, and cellulose gum; the mass ratio of the modified pollen extract to the physical modifier is 100:1-20.

8. A modified pollen extract obtained by any one of the preparation methods described in claims 1-7.

9. A cosmetic composition, characterized in that, It contains 3-10% by weight of modified pollen extract.

10. The cosmetic composition according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cosmetics are available in one of the following forms: liquid foundation, sunscreen, eyebrow powder, or loose powder.

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