Water-based bottom plate anticorrosive wax, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides an aqueous chassis anticorrosive wax; the aqueous chassis anticorrosive wax comprises the following components in parts by weight: microcrystalline wax 10-20 parts, alkane solvent 10-20 parts, emulsified asphalt 15-25 parts, polyethylene wax micro powder 5-15 parts, polyamide wax 1-2 parts, glass micro powder 25-35 parts, interfacial stabilizer 1-2 parts, pH regulator 0.1-0.3 parts, anti-flash rust agent 1-2 parts, film-forming aid 2-5 parts, defoaming agent 0.1-0.3 parts; wherein the interfacial stabilizer is a multifunctional reactive interfacial stabilizer, and the molecular structure comprises three spatially separated and functionally cooperative domains. The application also provides a preparation method of the aqueous chassis anticorrosive wax. The aqueous chassis anticorrosive wax provided by the application fundamentally solves the problems of poor water resistance, weak adhesion and performance compromise of traditional aqueous wax, and the prepared dry film has the cross-generation advantages of salt spray resistance > 1500 h, excellent wet adhesion and high-elasticity stone impact resistance, and is suitable for harsh metal protection fields such as automobile chassis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polymer materials technology, and in particular to a water-based chassis anticorrosive wax, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global emphasis on environmental protection, regulations regarding volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from automobile manufacturing and related supply chains are becoming increasingly stringent. Traditional solvent-based automotive chassis anti-corrosion waxes, containing large amounts of aromatic and alkane organic solvents, release high concentrations of VOCs during application and drying, posing serious harm to the atmospheric environment and the health of workers. Therefore, replacing traditional solvent-based products with water-based, low-VOC coating materials using water as the dispersion medium has become an inevitable trend and an urgent need for the industry.

[0003] Automobile chassis, especially bus chassis, operate in extremely harsh environments. They must withstand repeated impacts from gravel and mud under various complex road conditions, and are also exposed to highly corrosive media such as rainwater, salt spray, de-icing agents, and acidic / alkaline environments. This necessitates that chassis protective coatings possess three core functions: long-lasting corrosion protection, elastic resistance to stone impacts, and excellent adhesion to various substrates. Simultaneously, to meet environmental requirements, the volatile organic compound (VOC) content of the coating must be strictly controlled to extremely low levels. Therefore, developing a water-based anti-corrosion coating that meets or even surpasses the high standards of traditional solvent-based products in these three core performance aspects has long been a major technical challenge that needs to be overcome in this field.

[0004] Currently, most mainstream water-based chassis anti-corrosion waxes on the market adopt a "multi-component physical blending" technical approach. Their basic composition involves forcibly dispersing solid wax, asphalt, polymer emulsions, and inorganic fillers in water using small-molecule surfactants or emulsifiers. This is the most readily conceived and widely adopted technical solution by those skilled in the art. For example, some commercial products use a system combining nonionic and anionic surfactants to emulsify and suspend various organic and inorganic components, forming a composite coating after application as the water evaporates.

[0005] However, this traditional approach faces an irreconcilable fundamental contradiction inherent in the technical approach itself. To achieve "water-based" coatings, hydrophilic emulsifiers / dispersants must be introduced into the formulation. But these very additives become fatal flaws that sacrifice the core performance of the coating after film formation. First, these small-molecule emulsifiers do not disappear or chemically cross-link after film formation; instead, they remain permanently as free hydrophilic residues within the coating and at the interface between the coating and the metal substrate. When the coating is in a high-humidity environment or immersed in water, these hydrophilic residues, through osmotic pressure, act like countless built-in "water molecule highways," actively attracting and accelerating water molecules to penetrate the coating and reach the surface of the metal substrate. This leads to blistering, swelling, and a sharp decline in wet adhesion, ultimately causing comprehensive corrosion failure. This is a structural defect: the components necessary for water-based coatings are precisely the root cause of the destruction of long-term corrosion protection.

[0006] Secondly, the thermodynamic incompatibility between different components in this physical blend system also poses serious problems. Due to the huge difference in surface energy between the low-polarity wax / asphalt component and the high-polarity waterborne acrylic elastomer, severe macroscopic phase separation easily occurs during film formation. This phase separation at the micron or even sub-millimeter scale will form countless microcracks, pores, and other defects inside the coating and at the phase interface, becoming rapid penetration channels for corrosive media and severely damaging the coating's density and mechanical properties. At this point, the coating not only fails to effectively block external corrosion, but its own interior is also riddled with weaknesses.

[0007] Furthermore, to improve corrosion resistance, existing technologies typically rely on adding large amounts of flake-like inorganic fillers (such as mica powder and glass flakes) to extend the penetration path of corrosive media. However, in this complex aqueous mixture, these high-surface-energy inorganic fillers are also prone to agglomeration and sedimentation due to the lack of effective dispersion and stabilization mechanisms. More importantly, during conventional spraying and drying processes, these flake-like fillers exhibit random orientation within the final coating. They cannot form an ideal, layered "maze" barrier structure parallel to the substrate, significantly reducing barrier efficiency. Simultaneously, the filler and organic resin matrix rely solely on weak physical adsorption, resulting in weak interfacial bonding. This not only fails to effectively enhance the coating but also introduces new defects due to agglomeration and interfacial debonding, making it more susceptible to fracture under impact and leading to decreased stone chip resistance.

[0008] To remedy these defects, some approaches attempt to improve interface problems by adding small-molecule additives such as conventional silane coupling agents and titanate coupling agents. However, this piecemeal approach yields limited results. These small-molecule coupling agents have limited functions, only able to improve the inorganic-organic interface to a limited extent, but unable to resolve the fundamental contradictions between organic-organic interfaces (such as wax and elastomer). Moreover, in complex multiphase systems, multiple low-molecular-weight additives can compete and interfere with each other, leading to emulsion instability and further exacerbating the negative effects of hydrophilic small-molecule residues, thus worsening the long-term durability of the coating.

[0009] In summary, the non-reactive physical blending systems commonly used in existing technologies have reached their performance ceiling because they cannot resolve the structural contradiction between "water-based" properties and "long-lasting corrosion resistance and high strength and toughness." Key performance indicators, such as salt spray (cross-cut) resistance, typically struggle to exceed 500 hours, and their wet adhesion and stone chip resistance are even more inadequate, falling far short of increasingly stringent industry standards. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technological solution based on a completely new approach to fundamentally and systematically solve all of the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water-based chassis anticorrosive wax, its preparation method, and its application.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the solution of the present invention is: A water-based chassis corrosion protectant wax, comprising the following components by weight: The mixture comprises 10-20 parts microcrystalline wax, 10-20 parts alkane solvent, 15-25 parts emulsified asphalt, 5-15 parts polyethylene wax powder, 1-2 parts polyamide wax, 25-35 parts glass powder, 1-2 parts interface stabilizer, 0.1-0.3 parts pH adjuster, 1-2 parts flash rust inhibitor, 2-5 parts film-forming aid, and 0.1-0.3 parts defoamer; wherein the interface stabilizer is a multifunctional reactive interface stabilizer, and its molecular structure contains the following three spatially separated and functionally synergistic structural domains: Domain A: polymerizable / crosslinkable hydrophobic anchoring segment, containing at least one unsaturated double bond group or blocked isocyanate group that can participate in free radical polymerization or condensation crosslinking reaction during film formation; Domain S: flexible hydrophilic spacer arm, containing polyether segments; Domain B: multifunctional active interface bonding segment, containing all of the following group or segment types: (i) (ii) a long-chain alkyl segment or modified polyolefin segment with affinity for nonpolar wax or asphalt components; (iii) an anchoring group capable of chelating or condensing with the surface of a metal substrate and / or inorganic filler, wherein the anchoring group is selected from at least one of phosphate ester group, phosphonic acid group, silanol group, and β-keto ester group; and (iv) a basic site for neutralizing the acidity of the anchoring group to improve water solubility or water dispersibility.

[0012] Preferably, the domain A is derived from an acrylate monomer, methacrylate monomer, allyl monomer, or derivative thereof containing one or more unsaturated double bonds.

[0013] Preferably, the structural domain S is derived from polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, or copolymer segments thereof with a molecular weight of 200 to 5000.

[0014] Preferably, the long-chain alkyl segment or modified polyolefin segment in domain B is derived from hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, hydrogenated hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, long-chain fatty alcohol, or derivatives thereof.

[0015] Preferably, the pH adjuster is 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol; the flash rust inhibitor is Raybo 60; the film-forming aid is dipropylene glycol butyl ether; and the defoamer is a mineral oil-based defoamer.

[0016] The preparation method of the water-based chassis anti-corrosion wax includes the following specific steps: (1) Preparation of a core-shell hybrid emulsion with a high-hardness microcrystalline wax / asphalt mixture as the core and a soft self-crosslinking acrylate copolymer as the shell: Microcrystalline wax, oxidized asphalt and interface stabilizer are heated to obtain a hot melt oily mixture; then, deionized water and interface stabilizer are added, and after heating, high-speed shear emulsification is performed, followed by injection of the obtained hot melt oily mixture, and high-speed emulsification is continued until a uniform, particle-free hot emulsion is formed; the emulsification is immediately cooled to below 25°C to obtain a nano-scale seed emulsion; the obtained seed emulsion is heated and a pre-prepared monomer-initiator pre-emulsion is added dropwise, and after the dropwise addition is completed, the temperature is raised to carry out a polymerization reaction; then the temperature is lowered to below 40°C, a crosslinking agent is added to carry out a crosslinking reaction, the pH of the system is adjusted and then filtered to obtain the core-shell hybrid emulsion; (2) Preparation of glass micro powder dispersion slurry: After dissolving water and interface stabilizer evenly, glass micro powder is stirred; after all the powder is wetted, yttrium-stabilized zirconia grinding beads are added for high-speed grinding, and then the zirconia beads are separated by sieve to obtain the glass micro powder dispersion slurry. (3) Preparation of anticorrosive wax: The water-based chassis anticorrosive wax can be obtained by stirring and mixing the core-shell hybrid emulsion prepared in step (1), the glass micro powder dispersion prepared in step (2), the polyamide wax powder, the defoamer, the anti-flash rust agent, the film-forming aid and water evenly and then filtering.

[0017] Preferably, the interface stabilizer is prepared by the following method: Isophorone diisocyanate and dibutyltin dilaurate were added to methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), stirred, and heated to 50°C. Then, polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether was added, and the reaction was maintained at this temperature for 2 hours to obtain an NCO semi-blocked prepolymer with one end capped by MPEG. Subsequently, p-hydroxyanisole was added, and the system was heated to 65°C. Hydroxyethyl acrylate was then added, and the reaction continued at 65°C. The reaction system was then cooled to 45°C, and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene dissolved in MEK was added, followed by the addition of dibutyltin dilaurate. The system was heated to 70°C and reacted for 3 hours. The system was then cooled to 40°C, and a premixed slurry composed of phosphorus pentoxide, deionized water, and triethylamine was added dropwise. The process was highly exothermic, and the dropping rate needed to be strictly controlled. After the addition was complete, the system was kept at 50-55°C for 2.5 hours. Subsequently, the temperature was lowered to 30°C, and triethylamine was added to adjust the pH of the system to 7.5-8.0. Deionized water was added to adjust the viscosity, and finally, the solvent methyl ethyl ketone was removed to obtain the reactive interface stabilizer.

[0018] Preferably, the pre-emulsion is prepared by emulsifying butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, diacetone acrylamide, and ammonium persulfate in deionized water.

[0019] Preferably, the crosslinking agent is adipic acid dihydrazide, the flash rust inhibitor is Raybo 60, the film-forming aid is dipropylene glycol butyl ether, and the defoamer is a mineral oil-based defoamer.

[0020] The aforementioned water-based chassis anti-corrosion wax is used in automotive chassis anti-corrosion.

[0021] The principle of the water-based chassis anti-corrosion wax provided by this invention is as follows: The core of the water-based chassis corrosion protectant provided by this invention lies in a multifunctional reactive interface stabilizer, the molecular structure of which is the core technology of this invention: it is a precisely designed "ASB" triblock structure. This structural design allows spatially separated functional domains to work synergistically without interfering with each other.

[0022] First, domain A (polymerizable / crosslinkable anchoring segment) in the stabilizer is the "lock" responsible for ultimately "locking" the stabilizer molecule into the elastomer crosslinking network; it must contain at least one group that can participate in the reaction under free radical or condensation mechanisms. Preferably, this domain is derived from acrylate, methacrylate, allyl, or vinyl monomer units containing one or more unsaturated double bonds. For example, it can be introduced by the reaction of isocyanate with hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA). Alternatively, a blocked isocyanate group can be used, which participates in crosslinking after being unblocked under heat. These groups are chosen because they are perfectly compatible with the crosslinking chemistry of mainstream waterborne acrylic and polyurethane-acrylate elastomer systems, ensuring the thoroughness and uniformity of the reaction.

[0023] Secondly, the S-domain (flexible hydrophilic spacer arm) in the stabilizer provides sufficient water solubility or dispersibility for the molecule, allowing it to freely expand in an aqueous medium and act as a "molecular arm" extending the functional domains at both ends to different phase interfaces. It is typically a polyether segment composed of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or their copolymer units. Its molecular weight is preferably between 200 and 5000 to achieve a balance between hydrophilicity and the water resistance of the final coating. Too short a chain results in insufficient water solubility, while too long a chain may leave hydrophilic channels after film formation. Simultaneously, this flexible chain provides the necessary degrees of freedom for molecule movement, allowing both ends A and B to find their respective anchoring positions without restriction.

[0024] Third, domain B (the multifunctional active interface bonding segment) in the stabilizer is the most complex and core functional integrator in the molecule of this invention. It must simultaneously contain the following three functional elements, none of which can be omitted: (i) Hydrophobic and Affinity Components: Responsible for "anchoring" the wax and asphalt. Preferably, they contain long-chain alkyl or modified polyolefin segments, such as long-chain fatty alcohols derived from hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), hydrogenated hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, or octadecyl alcohol. These nonpolar long chains interact with the wax and asphalt molecules in the liquid phase through van der Waals forces and participate in the co-crystallization process during film formation and cooling, forming a strong physical anchor that firmly "tethers" the stabilizer molecules to the hydrophobic material.

[0025] (ii) Chelating / Condensation Anchoring Groups: These groups are responsible for chemically "attacking" the surfaces of metal substrates (such as cold-rolled steel and galvanized sheets) and inorganic fillers (such as glass micropowder). These groups are selected from phosphate ester groups, phosphonic acid groups, silanol groups, or β-keto ester groups. For example, phosphate ester groups can be introduced by reacting hydroxyl-containing compounds with phosphorus pentoxide. During film formation, these groups can chelate in situ with iron, zinc, and other ions on the metal surface to form a very thin, insoluble organophosphate iron / zinc passivation protective layer, while simultaneously "planting" stabilizer molecules onto the substrate in the form of chemical bonds. Similarly, they can also achieve strong chemical anchoring through condensation reactions with silanol groups on the surface of inorganic fillers.

[0026] (iii) Basic sites: These neutralize the acidity of the aforementioned acidic anchoring groups (such as phosphate groups), converting them into water-soluble salt forms, thereby improving the solubility and stability of the stabilizer in the aqueous phase. Typically, tertiary amines (such as triethylamine or N,N-dimethylethanolamine) can be used as neutralizing agents. During film formation, as water evaporates and pH changes, these volatile amines escape, re-exposing the protected acidic groups and restoring their highly active state, thus enabling them to exert chelating and coupling effects. This "latently active" design is a key ingenious aspect of this invention.

[0027] The application principle of the water-based chassis anti-corrosion wax provided by this invention to metal substrates (e.g., automobile chassis) is as follows: (1) Interface First, Seizing the Initiative: In the initial stage when moisture begins to evaporate in large quantities, the system temperature rises, and the volatile amines used as neutralizing agents begin to escape. The "latently active" chelating groups (such as phosphate groups) on the B domain of the multifunctional reactive interface stabilizer are activated in situ. These activated groups have extremely high reactivity; they preferentially, rapidly, and irreversibly chelate with the nearby metal substrate surface (iron, zinc) to form a dense organometallic passivation film, instantly anchoring the stabilizer molecules to the substrate in the form of chemical bonds. This reaction is like a vanguard force, seizing the key strategic high ground—the metal interface—before the corrosive medium arrives, and constructing the first line of chemical defense.

[0028] (2) Network Stitching, Seamless Integration: As the film-forming temperature continues and residual moisture further escapes, the emulsion particles begin to destabilize, fuse, and collapse. The core-shell structured wax / asphalt cores are released and come into contact with and fuse with each other, while the polymer segments of the shell diffuse into each other. At this time, the residual thermal initiator in the system or the high temperature of the system triggers the self-crosslinking reaction on the shell polymer segments, as well as the copolymerization and crosslinking reaction between the double bonds on the stabilizer molecular domain A and the polymer segments. A large-scale covalent network that runs through the entire coating begins to form. At this moment, countless stabilizer molecules that have already been anchored to the wax / asphalt core, the sheet filler, and the metal substrate through domain B are all "stitched" into this forming, huge polymer crosslinking network through domain A at their other end.

[0029] (3) Integral molding, structural immortality: When the above reaction is completed, an unprecedented, uniform composite structure is born. The metal substrate, stabilizer, and polymer network are connected by covalent bonds; the sheet-like glass micropowder reinforcement, stabilizer, and polymer network are connected by covalent bonds; the wax / asphalt hydrophobic microdomains, stabilizer, and polymer network are also connected by covalent bonds. Every heterogeneous interface and every component in the system is seamlessly woven into an organic-inorganic hybrid interpenetrating network through the stabilizer, which acts as a "molecular hub." The resulting coating is no longer a physical accumulation between components, but a monolithic material like a "molecular alloy" with no clear internal interfaces and efficient force transmission and dispersion. Its density, strength, toughness, and interfacial bonding force reach levels that conventional physical blend coatings cannot achieve.

[0030] The advantages of the water-based chassis anti-corrosion wax and its preparation method provided by this invention are as follows: (1) The water-based chassis anticorrosive wax provided by the present invention benefits from the defect-free dense structure of the hybrid interpenetrating network and the multi-level barrier effect from nano to micron. The dry film prepared can exhibit excellent protection capability of more than 1,500 hours in the neutral salt spray (cross) test, easily surpassing the ceiling of about 500 hours of traditional technology, and meeting the most stringent long-term anticorrosive requirements.

[0031] (2) The water-based chassis anticorrosive wax provided by the present invention fundamentally reshapes the interface between the anticorrosive wax dry film and the metal by replacing physical adsorption with in-situ chemical bonding and chelation. Even when soaked in water at 40°C for a long time (such as 504 hours or longer), the adhesion of the prepared anticorrosive wax dry film remains excellent, with no bubbling or peeling, achieving true "wet adhesion" and completely solving the most stubborn intrinsic defects of water-based dry films.

[0032] (3) The anticorrosive wax dry film prepared by the water-based chassis anticorrosive wax provided by the present invention exhibits the characteristics of high flexibility and high strength in a wide temperature range (such as -40℃ to 80℃), and the stone impact resistance can reach the highest level.

[0033] (4) The water-based chassis anticorrosive wax provided by the present invention completely replaces the complex combination of multiple low-molecular-weight additives in the traditional formula with a multifunctional high-molecular-weight additive. The formula is extremely simplified, the VOC content can be easily lower than 70g / L, the process is robust, and it truly achieves a harmonious unity of high performance and green environmental protection. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should also be understood that the following embodiments are only for further illustration of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The specific mass, reaction time, temperature, process parameters, etc., in the examples are merely examples within a suitable range. Any non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the above description of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1: The preparation steps for reactive interface stabilizers are as follows: (1) In a 1L four-necked round-bottom flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser, and constant-pressure dropping funnel, and after strict dehydration and nitrogen purging, 150g of anhydrous methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) was added as a solvent. Then, 52.2g of isophorone diisocyanate (0.235 mol) and 0.05g of catalyst dibutyltin dilaurate were added. The stirrer was turned on and the temperature was raised to 50℃. 110g of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (molecular weight approximately 1000, 0.11 mol), which had been vacuum dehydrated at 120℃ for 2 hours, was dissolved in 50g of anhydrous MEK and uniformly added dropwise to the reaction flask over 1 hour using a constant-pressure dropping funnel, while maintaining the temperature at 50-55℃. After the addition was complete, the reaction was maintained at this temperature for 2 hours to obtain an NCO semi-closed prepolymer (intermediate 1) with one end capped by MPEG. (2) Subsequently, 0.1 g of the polymerization inhibitor p-hydroxyanisole was added, and the system was heated to 65 °C. 29 g of hydroxyethyl acrylate (0.25 mol) was slowly added dropwise over approximately 40 minutes. The reaction was continued at 65 °C, and the NCO content was monitored using the di-n-butylamine method until the NCO value dropped to half of the theoretical value, indicating that HEA had been introduced and polymerizable double bonds had been formed.

[0036] (3) Next, the reaction system was cooled to 45°C, and 100g of dehydrated hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (number-average molecular weight Mn≈1500, hydroxyl value approximately 75mgKOH / g, approximately 0.067 mol) dissolved in 50g of butanone was added, along with 0.05g of catalyst. The temperature was slowly increased to 70°C, and the reaction was carried out for 3 hours. The 2260 cm⁻¹ infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor the reaction. - The NCO characteristic peak at ¹ persists until its absorption intensity decreases significantly but does not completely disappear. This introduces a hydrophobic anchoring segment with high affinity for wax.

[0037] (4) Finally, the system was cooled to 40°C again. Under strict nitrogen protection, a premixed slurry of 15g phosphorus pentoxide (approximately 0.1 mol), 10g deionized water, and 20g triethylamine was added dropwise through a constant-pressure dropping funnel. The process was highly exothermic, and the dropping rate needed to be strictly controlled. After the addition was complete, the reaction was maintained at 50-55°C for 2.5 hours to complete the phosphorylation. Subsequently, the temperature was lowered to 30°C, and sufficient triethylamine was added to adjust the pH of the system to 7.5-8.0. Deionized water was then added to adjust the viscosity to a suitable level. The solvent methyl ethyl ketone was completely removed by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure at 60°C, yielding a pale yellow, semi-transparent viscous liquid product with a solid content of 45wt%, which is the reactive interface stabilizer. The prepared reactive interface stabilizer is designated as St-Z1.

[0038] Example 2 The preparation steps of water-based chassis anti-corrosion wax are as follows: The preparation steps of a core-shell hybrid emulsion with a high-hardness microcrystalline wax / asphalt mixture as the core and a soft self-crosslinking acrylate copolymer as the shell are as follows: (1) Preparation of a core-shell hybrid emulsion with a high-hardness microcrystalline wax / asphalt mixture as the core and a soft self-crosslinking acrylate copolymer as the shell: In a 500ml round-bottom flask, weigh 36g of microcrystalline wax (dropping point about 88℃), 36g of oxidized asphalt (softening point about 100℃) and 8g of stabilizer St-Z1 prepared in Example 1 (about 3.6g based on active ingredient); introduce nitrogen gas, heat the material in an oil bath to 135℃, and gently stir at 200rpm until all components melt and form a homogeneous emulsion. A uniform, dark black, hot-melt oily mixture is formed; this process lasts approximately 45 minutes to ensure that the hydrophobic arms of the stabilizer fully associate with the wax / asphalt molecules; then, in a 1L stainless steel emulsification cup, 230g of deionized water and 3g of stabilizer St-Z1 (approximately 1.35g based on active ingredient) are added and heated to 88°C; the speed is increased to 12000rpm using a high-shear emulsifier, and then the hot-melt oily mixture (approximately 135°C) is slowly and continuously injected into the central region of the emulsifying aqueous phase through a preheated pipe. The feeding process lasted approximately 5 minutes, followed by continuous high-speed emulsification for another 10 minutes to form a uniform, particle-free, coffee-colored hot emulsion. The emulsification cup was immediately placed in an ice-water bath and rapidly stirred and cooled to below 25°C to obtain a nanoscale seed emulsion with a strong blue Tyndall effect. The Z-average particle size was measured to be 145 nm and the PDI was 0.08 using a Malvern laser particle size analyzer. The resulting seed emulsion was transferred to a clean 1L four-necked polymerization flask, and a stirrer, reflux condenser, thermometer, and nitrogen inlet tube were installed. After purging with nitrogen for 30 minutes to remove oxygen, the temperature was raised to 78°C. Under the control of a precision injection pump, a pre-prepared monomer-initiator pre-emulsion was uniformly dripped into a polymerization flask over 3.5 hours. This pre-emulsion was prepared by dissolving 60g butyl acrylate, 40g methyl methacrylate, 6g methacrylic acid, 3.5g diacetone acrylamide, and 1.2g ammonium persulfate (initiator) in 70g deionized water and emulsifying them. During polymerization, the system exhibited a bluish-white opalescent appearance with no obvious gel formation. After dripping, the temperature was raised to 82℃ and maintained for 1.5 hours to fully consume the residual monomer. Then, the temperature was lowered to below 40℃, and a solution of 3.5g adipic acid dihydrazide dissolved in 10g deionized water was added as a room-temperature self-crosslinking agent. Finally, the pH was adjusted to 7.8 with N,N-dimethylethanolamine, and the emulsion was filtered through a 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a core-shell hybrid emulsion with a solid content of approximately 40%. The prepared emulsion was denoted as Em-A. (2) Preparation of glass micropowder dispersion slurry: In a 1L vertical sand mill grinding jar, add 220g of deionized water and 6.5g of stabilizer St-Z1 prepared in Example 1 (approximately 2.9g based on active ingredient), and stir until uniformly dissolved. Then, while stirring, slowly add 550g of flake glass micropowder (model: Glass Flake 325 mesh, aspect ratio approximately 70, D50 approximately 30μm); after all the powder is wetted, add 800g of yttrium-stabilized zirconia grinding beads with a particle size of 1.2-1.6mm; seal the grinding jar, turn on the circulating cooling water, and grind at 1800rpm for 1.5 hours. Take a sample and test it with a fineness plate; the fineness is stable below 15μm; stop grinding, separate the zirconia beads through a sieve, and obtain a viscous but free-flowing gray slurry, which is the glass micropowder dispersion slurry. The obtained slurry was placed in a sealed bottle in a 50°C oven for 30 days, and its state was observed. The results showed that the slurry had no water separation or hard sediment, and only a small amount of clear liquid precipitated from the upper layer. It quickly returned to a homogeneous state with slight stirring, demonstrating its excellent long-term storage stability. The obtained glass micropowder dispersion slurry is designated as Sl-G. (3) Preparation of anticorrosive wax: In the paint mixing tank, add each component in the following order and formula amount, and mix at 800 rpm for 30 minutes: Weigh 225g of the core-shell hybrid emulsion Em-A prepared in step (1); add 90g of the glass micro powder dispersion Sl-G prepared in step (2) (at this ratio, the weight ratio of glass micro powder to total solids is about 30%); add polyamide wax powder (3g powder to 15g water) that has been pre-activated and swollen in some water as a thixotropic antisettling agent; add 0.8g of water-based defoamer; finally, slowly add an appropriate amount of deionized water while stirring, and adjust the viscosity of the paint to 50 to 60 seconds for a Forecast-4 cup. After mixing evenly, filter through a 300-mesh screen to obtain a black, uniform, and moderately viscous water-based chassis anticorrosive wax, and designate the prepared chassis anticorrosive wax as HBW-1.

[0039] The performance of the prepared water-based chassis anticorrosion wax was tested. The preparation method of the dry film of the anticorrosion wax is as follows: all chassis anticorrosion wax samples were sprayed onto cold-rolled steel plates (150mm×70mm×0.8mm) that had undergone standard degreasing and phosphating treatment using an air spray gun; the final dry film thickness was controlled between 250μm and 3000μm by adjusting the number of spray passes. All samples were placed horizontally in a standard environment (temperature 23±2℃, relative humidity 50±5%) and cured for 7 days before various performance tests were conducted. The following tests were conducted on the anticorrosive wax and dry film: VOC content was tested according to the literature method; wax viscosity was tested according to GB 10247; wax viscosity was tested according to GB 10247; wax viscosity was tested according to GB 10247; wax fineness was tested according to GB / T 1724; dry film dropping point was tested according to SH / T 0800; dry film softening point was tested according to GB / T 4507; solid content was tested according to GB / T 1725; wax film appearance characteristics were inspected visually; wax film drying properties were tested according to GB 1728-79; no specified test method was given for seam penetration; adhesion was tested according to GB / T 9286; water resistance was tested according to GB / T 5209; salt spray test was tested according to GB / T 10125; damp heat test was tested according to GB / T 2361. No specified test method is given for high temperature resistance; no specified test method is given for low temperature resistance; no specified test method is given for compatibility of wax film with non-metallic parts (for boards with adhesion testing conditions, test according to method 11); no specified test method is given for washability; no specified test method is given for compatibility with paint film; stone chip resistance is tested according to EN ISO 20567 (method B); alkali resistance is tested according to GB / T 9274 Method A; acid resistance is tested according to GB / T 9274 Method A; no specified test method is given for sag resistance (vertical / horizontal); flexibility is tested according to GB / T 1748; flash point is tested according to GB / T 261; primer adhesion is tested according to GB / T 9286; salt spray test is tested according to GB / T 30786; simulated damp heat test is tested according to GB / T 1740. Tests were conducted as follows: Reliability testing of simulated chassis wax after impact on a real vehicle was performed using no specified method; De-icing agent resistance testing was performed using no specified method; Stone chip resistance testing was conducted according to T / HBTL 014-2020. The test results are as follows: VOC content (g / L, calculated method): 62; Wax viscosity: 510 MPa.S; Wax liquid fineness: ≤30μm; Dry film dropping point: Cold-rolled steel plate, wet film thickness 300-400μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, dropping point ≥100℃; Dry film softening point: Cold-rolled steel plate, wet film thickness 300-400μm, after 7 days at room temperature, dropping point ≥60℃; Solid content (%): 63; Appearance characteristics of wax film: The dry film is uniform, dense, flat, and wrinkle-free. When the dry film is pressed firmly with a finger and pulled, it does not tear or slip. Wax film drying properties: Surface drying time is less than 12 hours in winter and less than 6 hours in summer; complete drying time of wax film is less than 7 days. Seam permeability: After thorough mixing, take 10ml and place it in a V-shaped clamp with a seam width of 100μm for 24 hours. The permeability is ≥25mm (penetration at room temperature). Adhesion: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, after 10 days at room temperature, ≤ Grade 1 with a grid spacing of 3mm; Water resistance test: cold-rolled sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, no peeling, swelling and softening after 504h, immersion water temperature 40±2℃; Salt spray test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, ≥1000h, no rust was observed; Damp heat test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, ≥1000h Grade A; High temperature resistance test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 300-400μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, ≤2mm (80℃ / 8h); Low temperature resistance test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 300-400μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days (-40℃ / 8h), the wax film showed no delamination or wrinkling, and no cracking when bent at 90°. Compatibility of wax film with non-metallic parts: When applied to rubber parts, birch plywood, bamboo plywood, sealing rings, brake pipes, etc., the wax film will not dissolve, change color, or peel off (for boards with adhesion testing conditions, the adhesion test shall be performed according to the adhesion method). Washability: Cold-rolled sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 4 days, continuously rinsed with water at 0.2MPa pressure for 3 minutes, dry wax film has no cracks or peeling, no exposed substrate; Compatibility with paint film: Apply 5 drops of wax to a clean paint film board, let it stand naturally for 30 days, and then remove the wax with a wax remover. The paint surface shows no abnormalities such as discoloration, swelling, or peeling. Stone chip resistance: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, after 7 days at room temperature, ≤2 level; Alkali resistance: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, subjected to 0.05mol / L sodium hydroxide for 48 hours, no blistering, peeling, or cracking occurs; Acid resistance: Cold-rolled steel sheet with a wet film thickness of 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, subjected to 0.05mol / L sulfuric acid for 24 hours, shows no bubbles, no rust, no peeling, etc. Anti-sagging (vertical / horizontal): Cold-rolled sheet, wet film thickness 300-400μm, no sagging when the sample is placed vertically for 30 minutes immediately after sample preparation; no dripping when the sample is placed horizontally with the sample facing down and then vertically for 30 minutes immediately after sample preparation. Flexibility: Cold-rolled sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, ≤25mm after 7 days at room temperature; Flash point: ≥60℃; Primer adhesion: Spray chassis wax onto PPG high-solids black paint surface, wet film thickness 200-300μm, leave at room temperature for 10 days, ≤ Grade 1 with grid spacing 3mm; Salt spray test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, ≥1000h, rust diffusion ≤2mm; Simulated damp heat test: Cold-rolled steel plate, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, ≥1000h, Grade A. Due to the lack of test conditions, a simulated test was conducted: The test plate was placed in a glass cup, a small amount of water was added and sealed, and then placed in a water bath at 47±1℃. Reliability of simulated chassis wax after impact on a real vehicle: 1. The wax film in a 150x70mm area was intensively tapped with a non-sharp tool, and the wax film did not curl or fall off; 2. After the impact test on the test panel, it was pulled with tape after 7 days, and the wax film did not fall off. De-icing agent resistance test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, and soaked in sodium chloride 5% + acetic acid 1% at room temperature for 10 days, no bubbling, delamination and peeling, only slight discoloration; Stone impact resistance test: ≤2 level.

[0040] Example 3 The preparation method of water-based chassis anticorrosive wax is as described in Example 2; the difference is that all multifunctional reactive interface stabilizer St-Z1 is removed, and step (1) is changed to: in a 500ml round-bottom flask, weigh 36g of microcrystalline wax (dropping point about 88℃) and 36g of oxidized asphalt (softening point about 100℃); introduce nitrogen gas, heat to 135℃ in an oil bath, and gently stir at 200rpm until all components melt and form a uniform dark black oily mixture; this process lasts for about 45 minutes; then, in a 1L stainless steel emulsification cup, add 230g of deionized water, 5.76g of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (TX-10, 8% of the oil phase) and 1.4 4g sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, 2% of the oil phase) was heated to 88°C. A high-shear emulsifier was used to increase the rotation speed to 12000 rpm. The hot melt oil phase (approximately 135°C) from step (1) was then slowly and continuously injected into the central region of the emulsifying aqueous phase through a preheated pipe. The feeding process lasted approximately 5 minutes, followed by high-speed emulsification for another 10 minutes to form a uniform wax / asphalt hot emulsion. The emulsification cup was immediately placed in an ice-water bath and rapidly stirred and cooled to below 25°C to obtain a wax / asphalt nanoemulsion. The prepared wax / asphalt emulsion was then mixed with a commercially available self-crosslinking acrylic emulsion (solid content approximately 40%, such as NeoCryl® XK-98 or Houxian®). 3322) Physically blend the solids at a mass ratio of 1:1; stir at 300-500 rpm at room temperature for 15-20 minutes until homogeneous; finally, adjust the pH to 7.8 with N,N-dimethylethanolamine, and discharge through a 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a blended emulsion with a solid content of approximately 40%. The prepared emulsion is denoted as Em-B. In step (2), the stabilizer St-Z1 is replaced with commercially available sodium polyacrylate dispersant; The prepared chassis anticorrosive wax is designated as HBW-2.

[0041] The water-based chassis anti-corrosion wax and the resulting dry film were subjected to performance tests, with the test conditions referring to Example 2. The test results are as follows: VOC content (g / L, calculated method): 68; Wax viscosity: 520 MPa.S; Wax liquid fineness: ≤30μm; Dry film dropping point: Cold-rolled steel plate, wet film thickness 300-400μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, dropping point ≥100℃; Dry film softening point: Cold-rolled steel plate, wet film thickness 300-400μm, after 7 days at room temperature, dropping point ≥60℃; Solid content (%): 62; Appearance characteristics of wax film: The dry film is uniform, dense, flat, and wrinkle-free. When the dry film is pressed firmly with a finger and pulled, it does not tear or slip. Wax film drying properties: Surface drying time is less than 12 hours in winter and less than 6 hours in summer; complete drying time of wax film is less than 7 days. Seam permeability: After thorough mixing, take 10ml and place it in a V-shaped clamp with a seam width of 100μm for 24 hours. The permeability is ≥25mm (penetration at room temperature). Adhesion: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, after 10 days at room temperature, ≤2 grade with a grid spacing of 3mm; Water resistance test: cold-rolled sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, 480h without peeling, swelling and softening, immersion water temperature 40±2℃; Salt spray test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, ≥800h, slight corrosion occurs; Damp heat test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, ≥800h Grade A; High temperature resistance test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 300-400μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, ≤3mm (80℃ / 8h); Low temperature resistance test: Cold-rolled sheet, wet film thickness 300-400μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days (-40℃ / 8h), the wax film showed no delamination or wrinkling, and slight cracking was observed when bent at 90°. Compatibility of wax film with non-metallic parts: When applied to rubber parts, birch plywood, bamboo plywood, sealing rings, brake pipes, etc., the wax film does not dissolve, shows slight discoloration or yellowing, and does not peel off (for boards with adhesion testing conditions, the adhesion test method shall be used). Washability: Cold-rolled sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 4 days, continuously rinsed with water at 0.2MPa pressure for 3 minutes, dry wax film has slight cracks but no peeling, no exposed substrate; Compatibility with paint film: Apply 5 drops of wax to a clean paint film board, let it sit naturally for 30 days, then remove the wax with a wax remover. The paint surface will show slight discoloration and yellowing, and slight swelling. Stone chip resistance: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, after 7 days at room temperature, ≤3 level; Alkali resistance: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, subjected to 0.05mol / L sodium hydroxide for 48 hours, slight blistering, no peeling, slight cracking, etc. Acid resistance: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, subjected to 0.05mol / L sulfuric acid for 24 hours, no bubbles, slight rust, no peeling, etc. Anti-sagging (vertical / horizontal): Cold-rolled sheet, wet film thickness 300-400μm, no sagging when the sample is placed vertically for 30 minutes immediately after sample preparation; no dripping when the sample is placed horizontally with the sample facing down and then vertically for 30 minutes immediately after sample preparation. Flexibility: Cold-rolled sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, ≤30mm after 7 days at room temperature; Flash point: ≥60℃; Primer adhesion: Spray base wax onto PPG high-solids black paint surface, wet film thickness 200-300μm, leave at room temperature for 10 days, ≤2 grade when grid spacing is 3mm; Salt spray test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, ≥8000h, rust diffusion ≤3mm; Simulated damp heat test: Cold-rolled steel plate, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, ≥800h Grade B; Simulated test: The test plate is placed in a glass cup, a small amount of water is added and sealed, and then placed in a water bath at 47±1℃; Reliability of simulated chassis wax after impact on a real vehicle: 1. The wax film in a 150x70mm area was intensively tapped with a non-sharp tool, and the wax film curled slightly without falling off; 2. After 7 days following the impact test on the test panel, the wax film was pulled off slightly with tape. De-icing agent resistance test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, then soaked in 5% sodium chloride + 1% acetic acid at room temperature for 10 days, slight blistering, no delamination or peeling, obvious discoloration; Stone impact resistance test: ≤3 level.

[0042] Comparative Example 1 The preparation method of water-based chassis anti-corrosion wax is as follows: (1) Pre-dispersion stage: 15 parts of microcrystalline wax, 10 parts of polyethylene wax powder and 1.5 parts of polyamide wax are added to 15 parts of alkane solvent and stirred in a stirring tank at a speed of 600 r / min for 1.5 hours to form a uniform wax solution.

[0043] (2) Emulsification stage: 20 parts of emulsified asphalt are slowly added to the wax solution, and 3 parts of emulsifier are added at the same time. The mixture is stirred at a high speed of 1200r / min for 2.5 hours to form a stable emulsion.

[0044] (3) Mixing stage: Add 30 parts of glass micro powder, 40 parts of water and 2 parts of dispersant to the emulsion and stir at 1000 r / min for 1.2 hours to make the glass micro powder uniformly dispersed.

[0045] (4) Defoaming and thickening stage: Add 1 part of defoamer and stir at 600 r / min for 0.8 hours; then add 2 parts of thickener and continue stirring for 0.8 hours to adjust the viscosity of the system.

[0046] (5) Filtration and packaging stage: The prepared water-based chassis anticorrosive wax is filtered through a 200-mesh filter to remove impurities and then packaged.

[0047] The water-based chassis anti-corrosion wax and the resulting dry film were subjected to performance tests, with the test conditions referring to Example 2. The test results are as follows: VOC content (g / L, calculated method): 87; Wax viscosity: 570 MPa.S; Wax liquid fineness: ≤30μm; Dry film dropping point: Cold-rolled steel plate, wet film thickness 300-400μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, dropping point ≥100℃; Dry film softening point: Cold-rolled steel plate, wet film thickness 300-400μm, after 7 days at room temperature, dropping point ≥60℃; Solid content (%): 61; Appearance characteristics of wax film: The dry film is uniform, dense and flat with obvious wrinkles. When the dry film is pressed with a finger and pulled, it tears obviously and slips obviously. Wax film drying properties: Surface drying time is less than 12 hours in winter and less than 6 hours in summer; complete drying time of wax film is less than 7 days. Seam permeability: After thorough mixing, take 10ml and place it in a V-shaped clamp with a seam width of 100μm for 24 hours. The permeability is ≥25mm (penetration at room temperature). Adhesion: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, after 10 days at room temperature, ≤4 grade with a grid spacing of 3mm; Water resistance test: Cold-rolled sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, 480h showed obvious peeling, swelling and softening, immersion water temperature 40±2℃; Salt spray test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, obvious corrosion is observed after ≥300h; Damp heat test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, ≥300h Grade A; High temperature resistance test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 300-400μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, ≤5mm (80℃ / 8h); Low temperature resistance test: Cold-rolled sheet, wet film thickness 300-400μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days (-40℃ / 8h), the wax film showed no delamination or wrinkling, but obvious cracking was observed when bent at 90°. Compatibility of wax film with non-metallic parts: When applied to rubber parts, birch plywood, bamboo plywood, sealing rings, brake pipes, etc., the wax film does not dissolve, shows obvious discoloration or yellowing, or peels off (for boards with adhesion testing conditions, the adhesion test shall be performed). Washability: Cold-rolled sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 4 days, continuously rinsed with water at 0.2MPa pressure for 3 minutes, the dry wax film has slight cracks but obviously peels off, clearly exposing the substrate; Compatibility with paint film: Apply 5 drops of wax to a clean paint film board, let it sit naturally for 30 days, then remove the wax with a wax remover. The paint surface will show obvious discoloration and yellowing, and obvious swelling. Stone chip resistance: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, after 7 days at room temperature, ≤3 level; Alkali resistance: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, subjected to 0.05mol / L sodium hydroxide for 48 hours, shows obvious blistering, obvious peeling, and obvious cracking. Acid resistance: Cold-rolled steel sheet with a wet film thickness of 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, subjected to 0.05mol / L sulfuric acid for 24 hours, shows signs of bubbles, obvious rust, and obvious peeling. Anti-sagging (vertical / horizontal): Cold-rolled sheet, wet film thickness 300-400μm, sagging occurs when the sample is placed vertically for 30 minutes immediately after sample preparation; dripping occurs when the sample is placed horizontally with the sample facing down and then vertically for 30 minutes immediately after sample preparation. Flexibility: Cold-rolled sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, ≤60mm after 7 days at room temperature; Flash point: ≥60℃; Primer adhesion: Spray chassis wax onto PPG high-solids black paint surface, wet film thickness 200-300μm, leave at room temperature for 10 days, ≤4 grade when grid spacing is 3mm; Salt spray test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, ≥1000h, rust diffusion ≤7mm; Simulated damp heat test: Cold-rolled steel plate, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, ≥300h Grade D; Simulated test: The test plate is placed in a glass cup, a small amount of water is added and sealed, and then placed in a water bath at 47±1℃; Reliability of simulated chassis wax after impact on a real vehicle: 1. The wax film in a 150x70mm area was intensively tapped with a non-sharp tool, and the wax film curled and fell off significantly; 2. After 7 days following the impact test on the test panel, the wax film was pulled off with tape, and it fell off significantly. De-icing agent resistance test: Cold-rolled steel sheet, wet film thickness 200-300μm, placed at room temperature for 7 days, then soaked in 5% sodium chloride + 1% acetic acid at room temperature for 10 days, obvious blistering, obvious delamination and peeling, and severe discoloration; Stone impact resistance test: ≤3 level.

Claims

1. A water-based chassis anti-corrosion wax, characterized in that, By weight, it includes the following components: The mixture comprises 10-20 parts microcrystalline wax, 10-20 parts alkane solvent, 15-25 parts emulsified asphalt, 5-15 parts polyethylene wax powder, 1-2 parts polyamide wax, 25-35 parts glass powder, 1-2 parts interface stabilizer, 0.1-0.3 parts pH adjuster, 1-2 parts flash rust inhibitor, 2-5 parts film-forming aid, and 0.1-0.3 parts defoamer; wherein the interface stabilizer is a multifunctional reactive interface stabilizer, and its molecular structure contains the following three spatially separated and functionally synergistic structural domains: Domain A: polymerizable / crosslinkable hydrophobic anchoring segment, containing at least one unsaturated double bond group or blocked isocyanate group that can participate in free radical polymerization or condensation crosslinking reaction during film formation; Domain S: flexible hydrophilic spacer arm, containing polyether segments; Domain B: multifunctional active interface bonding segment, containing all of the following group or segment types: (i) (ii) a long-chain alkyl segment or modified polyolefin segment with affinity for nonpolar wax or asphalt components; (iii) an anchoring group capable of chelating or condensing with the surface of a metal substrate and / or inorganic filler, wherein the anchoring group is selected from at least one of phosphate ester group, phosphonic acid group, silanol group, and β-keto ester group; and (iv) a basic site for neutralizing the acidity of the anchoring group to improve water solubility or water dispersibility.

2. The water-based chassis anti-corrosion wax according to claim 1, characterized in that, The domain A is derived from an acrylate monomer, a methacrylate monomer, an allyl monomer, or a derivative thereof containing one or more unsaturated double bonds.

3. The water-based chassis anti-corrosion wax according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structural domain S is derived from segments of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, or copolymers thereof with a molecular weight of 200 to 5000.

4. The water-based chassis anti-corrosion wax according to claim 1, characterized in that, The long-chain alkyl segments or modified polyolefin segments in domain B are derived from hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, hydrogenated hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, long-chain fatty alcohols, or derivatives thereof.

5. The water-based chassis anti-corrosion wax according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pH adjuster is 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol; the flash rust inhibitor is Raybo 60; the film-forming aid is dipropylene glycol butyl ether; and the defoamer is a mineral oil-based defoamer.

6. A method for preparing the water-based chassis anticorrosive wax according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: (1) Preparation of a core-shell hybrid emulsion with a high-hardness microcrystalline wax / asphalt mixture as the core and a soft self-crosslinking acrylate copolymer as the shell: Microcrystalline wax, oxidized asphalt and interface stabilizer are heated to obtain a hot melt oily mixture; then, deionized water and interface stabilizer are added, and after heating, high-speed shear emulsification is performed, followed by injection of the obtained hot melt oily mixture, and high-speed emulsification is continued until a uniform, particle-free hot emulsion is formed; the emulsification is immediately cooled to below 25°C to obtain a nano-scale seed emulsion; the obtained seed emulsion is heated and a pre-prepared monomer-initiator pre-emulsion is added dropwise, and after the dropwise addition is completed, the temperature is raised to carry out a polymerization reaction; then the temperature is lowered to below 40°C, a crosslinking agent is added to carry out a crosslinking reaction, the pH of the system is adjusted and then filtered to obtain the core-shell hybrid emulsion; (2) Preparation of glass micro powder dispersion slurry: After dissolving water and interface stabilizer evenly, glass micro powder is stirred; after all the powder is wetted, yttrium-stabilized zirconia grinding beads are added for high-speed grinding, and then the zirconia beads are separated by sieve to obtain the glass micro powder dispersion slurry. (3) Preparation of anticorrosive wax: The water-based chassis anticorrosive wax can be obtained by stirring and mixing the core-shell hybrid emulsion prepared in step (1), the glass micro powder dispersion prepared in step (2), the polyamide wax powder, the defoamer, the anti-flash rust agent, the film-forming aid and water evenly and then filtering.

7. The method for preparing the water-based chassis anticorrosive wax according to claim 6, characterized in that, The interface stabilizer is prepared by the following method: Isophorone diisocyanate and dibutyltin dilaurate were added to methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), stirred, and heated to 50°C. Then, polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether was added, and the reaction was maintained at this temperature for 2 hours to obtain an NCO semi-blocked prepolymer with one end capped by MPEG. Subsequently, p-hydroxyanisole was added, and the system was heated to 65°C. Hydroxyethyl acrylate was then added, and the reaction continued at 65°C. The reaction system was then cooled to 45°C, and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene dissolved in MEK was added, followed by the addition of dibutyltin dilaurate. The system was heated to 70°C and reacted for 3 hours. The system was then cooled to 40°C, and a premixed slurry composed of phosphorus pentoxide, deionized water, and triethylamine was added dropwise. The process was highly exothermic, and the dropping rate needed to be strictly controlled. After the addition was complete, the system was kept at 50-55°C for 2.5 hours. Subsequently, the temperature was lowered to 30°C, and triethylamine was added to adjust the pH of the system to 7.5-8.

0. Deionized water was added to adjust the viscosity, and finally, the solvent methyl ethyl ketone was removed to obtain the reactive interface stabilizer.

8. The method for preparing the water-based chassis anticorrosive wax according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pre-emulsion is prepared by emulsifying butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, diacetone acrylamide, and ammonium persulfate in deionized water.

9. The method for preparing the water-based chassis anticorrosive wax according to claim 6, characterized in that... The crosslinking agent is adipic acid dihydrazide, the flash rust inhibitor is Raybo 60, the film-forming aid is dipropylene glycol butyl ether, and the defoamer is a mineral oil-based defoamer.

10. The application of the water-based chassis anticorrosion wax according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the water-based chassis anticorrosion wax prepared by any one of claims 6 to 9 in the anticorrosion of automobile chassis.