A telescopic shaft and a vehicle
By designing a bladder assembly in the telescopic shaft to form a sealed space, and utilizing the negative correlation between the pressure in the sealed space and the volume of the bladder, the exchange of external and internal gases is achieved, solving the problems of wear and lubricant failure caused by foreign matter intrusion, and improving the stability and lifespan of the telescopic shaft.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WANXIANGQIANCHAO CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-28
AI Technical Summary
During use, foreign objects can easily enter the mating area of the existing telescopic shaft, leading to wear and lubricant failure, and affecting the stability of use.
Design a capsule assembly including an end cap and a capsule body to form a sealed space. Through a structure in which the pressure of the sealed space is negatively correlated with the volume of the capsule body, the external gas and the gas inside the capsule body can be exchanged to prevent foreign objects from entering and to expel foreign objects during the expansion and contraction process.
It effectively prevents foreign objects from entering, avoids shaft wear and lubricant failure, and improves the stability and lifespan of the telescopic shaft.
Smart Images
Figure CN122467455A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of telescopic shaft technology, and more specifically, to a telescopic shaft and a vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] The telescopic shaft mainly consists of a first shaft body and a second shaft body. The outer peripheral wall of the first shaft body and the inner peripheral wall of the second shaft body form a sliding fit structure along the axial direction. Relying on this sliding fit structure, the axial relative movement between the first and second shaft bodies can be realized, thereby completing the overall telescopic movement of the telescopic shaft. To ensure that the first and second shaft bodies can smoothly complete the axial sliding operation, the existing telescopic shaft does not use the outer peripheral surface of the second shaft body and the end face of the first shaft body to form a sealed space in its structural design. Instead, the area where the two fit together forms a spatial structure that can be directly connected to the external environment. This connected spatial structure can eliminate the air pressure resistance caused by the sealed space and ensure the smooth relative sliding between the two shaft bodies. This is the structural layout commonly used by telescopic shafts to achieve basic telescopic functions and can meet the telescopic usage requirements of telescopic shafts under normal working conditions.
[0003] Because the existing telescopic shaft's mating position is designed as a spatial structure connecting to the outside, external substances can freely enter this space during actual use, making foreign object intrusion difficult to avoid, with liquid foreign objects being the most prominent issue. Foreign objects intruding into the space directly affect the sliding mating parts of the first and second shafts, gradually causing abnormal wear on both shafts. Simultaneously, the foreign objects also continuously affect the lubrication structure inside the second shaft, causing the internal lubricant to gradually lose its effectiveness, thus adversely impacting the overall stability of the telescopic shaft. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the problem of how to ensure smooth movement of a telescopic shaft without being affected by foreign objects, this invention provides a telescopic shaft and a vehicle.
[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a telescopic shaft, the telescopic shaft comprising:
[0006] First axis;
[0007] The second shaft body has its inner peripheral surface slidably connected to the outer peripheral surface of the first shaft body along the axial direction of the first shaft body.
[0008] A capsule assembly includes an end cap and a capsule body; the end cap is connected to the capsule body; one end of a second shaft along its own axial direction is connected to the end cap; the capsule body is disposed on the side of the end cap body near the first shaft; the first shaft, the second shaft, the end cap, and the capsule body surround and form a sealed space; the space surrounding the capsule body communicates with the external space of the telescopic shaft.
[0009] The pressure in the sealed space is negatively correlated with the volume of the bladder.
[0010] In some embodiments, the bladder assembly further includes an elastic portion; the elastic portion is connected to the first shaft or the bladder body; the elastic portion is disposed in the sealed space;
[0011] When the first shaft is located at least a portion of the set trajectory, the elastic part applies a force along the compression direction to the bladder; wherein, the set trajectory is the movement trajectory of the first shaft relative to the second shaft, and the compression direction is the direction from the first shaft to the end cap.
[0012] In some embodiments, the deformation of the first elastic deformation is less than the deformation of the first bladder deformation, and the deformation of the first elastic deformation is 0. When the extrusion end of the first shaft moves in the first region, the elastic part undergoes the deformation of the first elastic deformation. When the extrusion end moves in the first region, the bladder undergoes the deformation of the first bladder deformation. When the extrusion end moves in the first region, the force exerted by the elastic part on the bladder is less than the force exerted by the air pressure in the sealed space on the bladder. The set trajectory includes the first region, the second region, and the third region arranged sequentially along the extrusion direction. The extrusion end is the end of the first shaft near the end cap.
[0013] In some embodiments, the absolute value of the difference between the deformation of the second elastic deformation amount and the deformation of the second bladder deformation amount is within a first set range; wherein, when the extrusion end moves in the second region, the elastic part undergoes the deformation of the second elastic deformation amount, when the extrusion end moves in the second region, the bladder body undergoes the deformation of the second bladder deformation amount, and when the extrusion end moves in the second region, the force exerted by the elastic part on the bladder body is greater than the force exerted by the air pressure in the sealed space on the bladder body.
[0014] In some embodiments, the deformation of the third elastic deformation is greater than the deformation of the third bladder deformation; wherein, when the extrusion end moves in the third region, the elastic portion undergoes the deformation of the third elastic deformation, and when the extrusion end moves in the third region, the bladder body undergoes the deformation of the third bladder deformation.
[0015] In some embodiments, the first shaft unit of the first shaft assembly includes the first shaft body and spline teeth; one side of the spline teeth is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the first shaft body, and the other side extends in a direction away from the central axis of the first shaft body; a plurality of spline teeth are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the first shaft body.
[0016] The second shaft unit of the second shaft assembly includes the second shaft body and a spline groove; the spline groove is recessed from the inner circumferential surface of the second shaft body toward the outer circumferential surface of the second shaft body; a plurality of spline grooves are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the second shaft body; the spline teeth mesh with the spline groove.
[0017] In some embodiments, the end cap body forms a through-hole on both sides along its own axial direction; the enclosing space of the bladder body is connected to the space on the side of the end cap body away from the bladder body through the through-hole.
[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle comprising any of the telescopic axles described in the first aspect, and the vehicle further comprising:
[0019] A vehicle body assembly includes a suspension, a drive axle, a power unit, and a vehicle body; the power unit and the suspension are respectively connected to the vehicle body; the drive axle is connected to the end of the suspension away from the vehicle body; at least a portion of the suspension is configured as an elastic body; the end of the first axle away from the second axle is connected to the power unit, and the end of the second axle away from the first axle is connected to the drive axle.
[0020] In some embodiments, the bladder assembly further includes an elastic portion; the elastic portion is connected to the first shaft or the bladder body; the elastic portion is disposed in the sealed space;
[0021] When the vehicle body is subjected to a first force along a set direction, the deformation of the first elastic deformation is less than the deformation of the first bladder deformation, and the deformation of the first elastic deformation is 0. Specifically, when the extrusion end of the first shaft moves in the first region, the elastic part deforms by the first elastic deformation; when the extrusion end moves in the first region, the bladder deforms by the first bladder deformation; when the extrusion end moves in the first region, the force exerted by the elastic part on the bladder is less than the force exerted by the air pressure in the sealed space on the bladder; the set trajectory includes the first region, the second region, and the third region arranged sequentially along the extrusion direction; the extrusion end is the end of the first shaft near the end cap; the set direction is the direction from the vehicle body to the suspension; the set trajectory is the movement trajectory of the first shaft relative to the second shaft; and the extrusion direction is the direction from the first shaft to the end cap.
[0022] In some embodiments, when the vehicle body is subjected to a second force along the set direction, the absolute value of the difference between the deformation of the second elastic deformation and the deformation of the second bladder deformation is within a first set range; wherein, when the extrusion end moves in the second region, the elastic part undergoes the deformation of the second elastic deformation, and when the extrusion end moves in the second region, the bladder undergoes the deformation of the second bladder deformation, and the force exerted by the elastic part on the bladder when the extrusion end moves in the second region is greater than the force exerted by the air pressure in the sealed space on the bladder; the second force is greater than the first force.
[0023] To solve the problem of how to ensure smooth movement of the telescopic shaft without being affected by foreign objects, the present invention has the following advantages:
[0024] By axially sliding the inner circumferential surface of the second shaft to the outer circumferential surface of the first shaft, a bladder assembly consisting of an end cap and a bladder is provided. One axial end of the second shaft is connected to the end cap, and the bladder is arranged on the side of the end cap close to the first shaft. The first shaft, the second shaft, the end cap, and the bladder form a sealed space, and the enclosed space of the bladder is connected to the external space of the telescopic shaft. Based on the structural setting that the pressure of the sealed space is negatively correlated with the volume of the bladder, the volume of the bladder can be changed according to the pressure change of the sealed space when the telescopic shaft extends, shortens, or the temperature changes. This allows for the exchange of external gas and internal gas, achieving pressure balance between the inside and outside of the telescopic shaft, thereby ensuring smooth and stable axial relative sliding between the first shaft and the second shaft. By relying on the sealed space, foreign objects can be prevented from entering the shaft mating area, avoiding abnormal wear between the first and second shafts. At the same time, it prevents the lubricant inside the second shaft from failing. Furthermore, by reducing the volume of the bladder, foreign objects that have entered the bladder can be discharged to the external space of the telescopic shaft. Ultimately, this solves the problem of foreign objects easily entering the existing telescopic shaft, causing malfunctions, and effectively improves the stability and service life of the telescopic shaft. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a telescopic shaft structure according to one embodiment is shown;
[0026] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the image;
[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a vehicle according to one embodiment is shown.
[0028] Reference numerals: 10 First shaft assembly; 11 First shaft unit; 111 First shaft body; 112 Spline tooth; 113 Elastic mounting part; 12 Protective unit; 121 Protective sleeve; 122 Sealing part; 13 First universal joint; 20 Second shaft assembly; 21 Second shaft unit; 211 Second shaft body; 212 Spline groove; 22 Second universal joint; 30 Bulb assembly; 31 End cover body; 32 Bulb body; 33 Elastic part; 40 Body assembly; 41 Suspension; 42 Drive axle; 43 Power unit; 44 Vehicle body. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The present disclosure will now be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the present disclosure, and are not intended to imply any limitation on the scope of the disclosure.
[0030] As used herein, the term "comprising" and its variations are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "at least partially based on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment". The term "another embodiment" is to be interpreted as "at least one other embodiment". The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation or being constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientations or positional relationships; for example, the term "upper" may in some cases indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "installed", "set up", "equipped with", "connected", and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0031] The telescopic shaft includes a first shaft body 111 and a second shaft body 211. The outer peripheral wall of the first shaft body 111 and the inner peripheral wall of the second shaft body 211 are slidably connected along their respective axial directions. To achieve this axial slidable connection, the outer peripheral surface of the second shaft body 211 and the end face of the first shaft body 111 do not form a sealed space; instead, they form a space open to the outside. During the use of the telescopic shaft, foreign objects, especially liquid foreign objects, inevitably enter this space, which can lead to abnormal wear of the first shaft body 111 and the second shaft body 211, and failure of the lubricant inside the second shaft body 211.
[0032] Example 1:
[0033] This embodiment discloses a telescopic shaft, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the telescopic shaft includes a first shaft body 111, a second shaft body 211, and a bladder assembly 30;
[0034] The inner circumferential surface of the second shaft 211 is slidably connected to the outer circumferential surface of the first shaft 111 along the axial direction of the first shaft 111; the mutually distant ends of the first shaft 111 and the second shaft 211 can be used to connect different external components respectively, thereby realizing that different external components can move smoothly relative to each other along the axial direction of the first shaft 111.
[0035] The bladder assembly 30 includes an end cap 31 and a bladder 32; the end cap 31 is connected to the bladder 32; the end of the second shaft 211, axially away from the first shaft 111, is connected to the end cap 31; the bladder 32 is disposed on the side of the end cap 31 near the first shaft 111 and within the enclosing space of the second shaft 211; the first shaft 111, the second shaft 211, the end cap 31, and the bladder 32 enclose and form a sealed space, which can prevent foreign objects from entering the sealed space, avoid abnormal wear of the outer peripheral wall of the first shaft 111 and the inner peripheral wall of the second shaft 211 by foreign objects, and prevent the lubricant inside the second shaft 211 from failing; the enclosing space of the bladder 32 communicates with the external space of the telescopic shaft; the pressure in the sealed space is related to the pressure of the bladder 32. The volume of the telescopic shaft is negatively correlated with the pressure of the sealed space. When the telescopic shaft extends or shortens, or when its temperature changes, the pressure in the sealed space changes. When the first shaft 111 and the second shaft 211 move away from each other along their own axial direction (i.e., the telescopic shaft extends), the pressure in the sealed space decreases, the volume of the bladder 32 increases, and external gas can enter the bladder 32. When the first shaft 111 and the second shaft 211 move closer to each other along their own axial direction (i.e., the telescopic shaft shortens), the pressure in the sealed space increases, the volume of the bladder 32 decreases, and gas inside the bladder 32 can be discharged to the outside of the telescopic shaft. The pressure outside the telescopic shaft is balanced with the pressure inside the bladder 32, thus ensuring the smoothness of the telescopic shaft's extension and shortening. If a foreign object enters the bladder 32, as the pressure in the sealed space increases, the volume of the bladder 32 decreases, and the foreign object can be discharged from the bladder 32 to the outside of the telescopic shaft; the discharge efficiency is even higher when the foreign object is liquid.
[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the capsule assembly 30 also includes an elastic part 33; the elastic part 33 is connected to one end of the first shaft 111 near the capsule body 32 or the elastic part 33 is connected to one end of the capsule body 32 near the first shaft 111; the elastic part 33 is disposed in the sealed space;
[0037] When the first shaft 111 is located at least a portion of the predetermined trajectory, the elastic part 33 applies a force along the compression direction to the bladder 32; wherein, the predetermined trajectory is the movement trajectory of the first shaft 111 relative to the second shaft 211 within the second shaft 211, and the compression direction is the direction from the first shaft 111 to the end cap 31, and the compression direction can be as follows: Figure 1 As shown from left to right, the elastic part 33 compresses the bladder 32, thereby expelling foreign objects from the bladder 32. The elasticity of the elastic part 33 prevents damage to the soft bladder 32. Simultaneously, the elastic part 33 can compress the bladder 32 before the telescopic shaft retracts to its limit position, making it easier to expel foreign objects from the bladder 32; when the telescopic shaft retracts to its limit position, the current volume of the bladder 32 is less than a set percentage of the maximum volume of the bladder 32, which can be 3%, 5%, or 10%.
[0038] Furthermore, the deformation of the first spring is less than the deformation of the first bladder, and the deformation of the first spring is 0. When the extrusion end of the first shaft 111 moves in the first region, the elastic part 33 undergoes the deformation of the first spring, and when the extrusion end moves in the first region, the bladder 32 undergoes the deformation of the first bladder. When the extrusion end moves in the first region, the force exerted by the elastic part 33 on the bladder 32 is less than the force exerted by the air pressure in the sealed space on the bladder 32. The set trajectory includes the first region, the second region, and the third region arranged sequentially along the extrusion direction. The extrusion end is the end of the first shaft 111 near the end cap. When the extrusion end is located in the first region, the spring only abuts against one of the first shaft 111 and the second shaft 211. It can be seen that the length of the elastic part 33 is relatively short, saving the material used to manufacture the elastic part 33. The pressure change caused by the change in the volume of the sealed space can cause a change in the volume of the bladder 32, thereby balancing the pressure in the external space of the telescopic shaft with the pressure inside the bladder 32, ensuring the smoothness of the telescopic shaft's extension and retraction.
[0039] Furthermore, the absolute value of the difference between the deformation of the second elastic deformation and the deformation of the second bladder deformation is within a first set range; wherein, when the extrusion end moves in the second region, the elastic part 33 undergoes deformation of the second elastic deformation, and when the extrusion end moves in the second region, the bladder body 32 undergoes deformation of the second bladder deformation. When the extrusion end moves in the second region, the force exerted by the elastic part 33 on the bladder body 32 is greater than the force exerted by the air pressure in the sealed space on the bladder body 32. The extrusion end extrudes the bladder body 32 by squeezing it through the elastic part 33, which can efficiently discharge foreign objects from the bladder body 32.
[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, when the telescopic axle is mounted on a vehicle, the first axle 111 is connected to the vehicle's power unit 43, and the second axle 211 is connected to the vehicle's drive axle 42. The power unit 43 can drive the first axle 111 to rotate around its own axis. The first axle 111 can drive the second axle 211 to rotate around its own axis through external components, thereby allowing the second axle 211 to provide power to the vehicle's drive axle 42. The drive axle 42 is connected to the vehicle body 44 through the suspension 41, and the power unit 43 is directly connected to the vehicle body 44.
[0041] When the extrusion end is located in the first region, the drive axle 42 and the vehicle body 44 are aligned as follows: Figure 3 The vertical spacing shown is the first spacing, which can be the case where the drive axle 42 is suspended; when the extrusion end is located in the second region, the drive axle 42 and the vehicle body 44 are aligned as shown in the figure. Figure 3The vertical spacing shown is the second spacing, which can be the condition where the vehicle body 44 is loaded with a certain object and the vehicle is driving or stopped on the road; the second spacing is smaller than the first spacing. The duration of the extrusion end in the second region is longer than the duration of the extrusion end in the first region. When the extrusion end is in the first region and only abuts against one of the first shaft 111 or the second shaft 211, it can be seen that the length of the elastic part 33 is shorter, saving the material used to manufacture the elastic part 33. However, when the extrusion end is in the second region for a long time, the elastic part 33 can directly extrude the bladder 32, discharging the foreign objects inside the bladder 32 to the external space of the telescopic shaft. In summary, this arrangement can ensure the efficiency of foreign object discharge while avoiding waste of the material used to manufacture the elastic part 33.
[0042] Furthermore, the absolute value of the difference between the deformation of the second bullet and the deformation of the second bladder can be equal.
[0043] Furthermore, the deformation of the third elastic deformation is greater than the deformation of the third bladder deformation; wherein, when the extrusion end moves in the third region, the elastic part 33 undergoes the deformation of the third elastic deformation, and when the extrusion end moves in the third region, the bladder 32 undergoes the deformation of the third bladder deformation.
[0044] When the extrusion end is in the third region, the drive axle 42 and the vehicle body 44 are aligned as follows: Figure 3 The vertical spacing shown is the third spacing, which can be the case where the vehicle body 44 is loaded with a certain object and the vehicle runs over the protruding object during travel; the third spacing is smaller than the second spacing. When the compression end is located in the third region, the distance between the first shaft 111 and the end cover along the axial direction of the first shaft 111 is small, and the volume of the bladder 32 is compressed by the elastic part 33 to a set proportion less than the maximum volume of the bladder 32. The set proportion can be 3%, 5%, or 10%. From this, it can be inferred that the volume setting of the bladder 32 is reasonable, which can ensure the smooth extension and retraction of the telescopic shaft, and also avoid the abnormal dynamic balance of the telescopic shaft caused by the bladder 32 being too large and containing too many foreign objects. The volume of the bladder 32 can no longer be compressed, and the deformation of the elastic part 33 can prevent the bladder 32 from being squeezed to the point of damage, thus extending the service life of the bladder 32.
[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first shaft assembly 10 includes a first shaft unit 11, which includes a first shaft body 111 and spline teeth 112. One side of the spline teeth 112 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the first shaft body 111, and the other side extends in a direction away from the central axis of the first shaft body 111. Multiple spline teeth 112 are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the first shaft body 111.
[0046] The second shaft assembly 20 includes a second shaft unit 21, which includes a second shaft body 211 and a spline groove 212. The spline groove 212 is recessed from the inner circumferential surface of the second shaft body 211 toward the outer circumferential surface of the second shaft body 211. Multiple spline grooves 212 are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the second shaft body 211. Spline teeth 112 mesh with the spline grooves 212. In this way, the first shaft unit 11 can drive the second shaft unit 21 to rotate around its own axis, thereby realizing the transmission of power.
[0047] Furthermore, the second shaft assembly 20 may also include a second universal joint 22, which may be a universal joint connected to the end of the second shaft 211 away from the first shaft 111. The second shaft 211 may be connected to the drive axle 42 of the vehicle through the second universal joint 22, thereby enabling the second shaft 211 to transmit power to the drive axle 42 when it is in different positions.
[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first shaft unit 11 may further include an elastic mounting portion 113; the elastic mounting portion 113 is recessed from the end of the first shaft 111 near the end cap 31 toward the direction away from the end cap 31; the elastic portion 33 is connected to the elastic mounting portion 113, and part of the elastic portion 33 is located within the enclosed space of the elastic mounting portion 113; thereby making full use of the space of the first shaft 111 to connect the elastic portion 33, achieving a compact and stable connection. The first shaft assembly 10 may further include a protective unit 12 and a first universal joint 13; the protective unit 12 includes a protective sleeve 121 and a sealing portion 122; the protective sleeve 121 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second shaft 211; one end of the protective sleeve 121 is connected to the end of the first shaft 111 away from the second shaft 211, and the other end extends toward the direction near the second shaft 211; the protective sleeve 121, the sealing portion 122, and the second shaft 211 abut against each other in sequence. The protective sleeve 121 and the sealing part 122 can further prevent foreign objects from entering between the first shaft 111 and the second shaft, thereby extending the service life of the telescopic shaft. The first universal joint 13 can be a universal joint, connected to the end of the first shaft 111 away from the second shaft 211; the first shaft 111 can be connected to the vehicle's power unit 43 through the first universal joint 13, so that the first shaft 111 can receive power from the power unit 43 when it is in different positions.
[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the end cap 31 forms a connecting hole through both sides along its own axial direction; the enclosing space of the capsule 32 is connected to the space on the side of the end cap 31 away from the capsule 32 through the connecting hole. When the volume of the capsule 32 shrinks and foreign objects are discharged from the capsule 32, this method allows foreign objects to leave the telescopic shaft with a shorter movement path, thereby improving the efficiency of foreign object discharge.
[0050] Example 2:
[0051] This embodiment provides a vehicle, which includes any of the telescopic axles described in the above embodiments, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the vehicle may also include body assembly 40.
[0052] The vehicle body assembly 40 includes a suspension 41, a drive axle 42, a power unit 43, and a vehicle body 44. The power unit 43 and the suspension 41 are respectively connected to the vehicle body 44. The drive axle 42 is connected to the end of the suspension 41 away from the vehicle body 44. At least a portion of the suspension 41 is configured as an elastic body. The end of a first axle 111 away from a second axle 211 is connected to the power unit 43, and the end of the second axle 211 away from the first axle 111 is connected to the drive axle 42. The power unit 43 can drive the first axle 111 to rotate around its own axis. The first axle 111 can drive the second axle 211 to rotate around its own axis through an external component, thereby allowing the second axle 211 to provide power to the vehicle's drive axle 42. The suspension 41 allows the drive axle 42 and the vehicle body 44 to... Figure 3 The vertical spacing shown changes to absorb the impact of the ground on the vehicle. When the distance between the drive axle 42 and the vehicle body 44 changes, the first axle 111 and the second axle 211 can move relative to each other along their own axial direction, thus balancing impact absorption and transmission stability. When the telescopic shaft extends or shortens, or when the temperature of the telescopic shaft changes, the pressure in the sealed space will change. When the first axle 111 and the second axle 211 move away from each other along their own axial direction, that is, when the telescopic shaft extends, the pressure in the sealed space decreases accordingly, and the volume of the bladder 32 increases accordingly, allowing external gas from the telescopic shaft to enter the bladder 32. When the first axle 111 and the second axle 211 move closer to each other along their own axial direction, that is, when the telescopic shaft shortens, the pressure in the sealed space increases accordingly, and the volume of the bladder 32 decreases accordingly, allowing gas inside the bladder 32 to be discharged to the outside of the telescopic shaft. By balancing the pressure in the external space of the telescopic shaft with the pressure inside the bladder 32, the smoothness of the extension and shortening of the telescopic shaft is ensured.
[0053] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the capsule assembly 30 also includes an elastic part 33; the elastic part 33 is connected to the first shaft 111 or the capsule 32; the elastic part 33 is disposed in the sealed space;
[0054] When the vehicle body 44 is subjected to a first force along a set direction, the drive axle 42 and the vehicle body 44 move along the same direction. Figure 3The vertical spacing shown is the first spacing, which can be the case where the drive axle 42 is suspended. The deformation of the first elastic deformation is less than the deformation of the first bladder deformation, and the deformation of the first elastic deformation is 0. When the extrusion end of the first shaft 111 moves in the first region, the elastic part 33 deforms by the first elastic deformation amount. When the extrusion end moves in the first region, the bladder 32 deforms by the first bladder deformation amount. The force exerted by the elastic part 33 on the bladder 32 when the extrusion end moves in the first region is less than the force exerted by the air pressure in the sealed space on the bladder 32. The set trajectory includes a first region, a second region, and a third region arranged sequentially along the extrusion direction. The extrusion end is the end of the first shaft 111 near the end cap 31. The set direction is the direction from the vehicle body 44 to the suspension 41, i.e., as shown... Figure 3 The trajectory shown is the movement trajectory of the first shaft 111 relative to the second shaft 211 in the downward direction, and the compression direction is from the first shaft 111 to the end cap 31. When the vehicle body 44 is subjected to a first force in the set direction, the compression end is located in the first region, and the spring only abuts against one of the first shaft 111 and the second shaft 211. At this time, the length of the elastic part 33 is shorter, which can save the material used to make the elastic part 33. The pressure change caused by the change in the volume of the sealed space can change the volume change of the bladder 32, thereby balancing the pressure in the external space of the telescopic shaft with the pressure inside the bladder 32, thus ensuring the smoothness of the telescopic shaft's extension and retraction.
[0055] Furthermore, when the vehicle body 44 is subjected to a second force along a predetermined direction, the compression end is located in the second region, at which time the drive axle 42 and the vehicle body 44 are along the same direction. Figure 3 The vertical spacing shown is the second spacing, which can be the case when the vehicle body 44 is loaded with a certain object and the vehicle is driving or stopped on the road. The absolute value of the difference between the deformation of the second elastic deformation and the deformation of the second bladder deformation is within a first set range. When the extrusion end moves in the second region, the elastic part 33 undergoes the deformation of the second elastic deformation, and when the extrusion end moves in the second region, the bladder 32 undergoes the deformation of the second bladder deformation. When the extrusion end moves in the second region, the force exerted by the elastic part 33 on the bladder 32 is greater than the force exerted by the air pressure in the sealed space on the bladder 32. The second force is greater than the first force, and the time the extrusion end is in the second region is longer than the time the extrusion end is in the first region. The extrusion end is in the second region for a long time, and the bladder 32 can be directly extruded by the elastic part 33 to discharge foreign objects in the bladder 32 to the external space of the telescopic shaft. This can reduce the material required to make the spring while ensuring the efficiency of foreign object discharge.
[0056] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific examples of implementing this disclosure, and in practical applications, various changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the scope of this disclosure.
Claims
1. A telescopic shaft, characterized in that, The telescopic shaft includes: First axis; The second shaft body has its inner peripheral surface slidably connected to the outer peripheral surface of the first shaft body along the axial direction of the first shaft body. A capsule assembly includes an end cap and a capsule body; the end cap is connected to the capsule body; one end of a second shaft along its own axial direction is connected to the end cap; the capsule body is disposed on the side of the end cap body near the first shaft; the first shaft, the second shaft, the end cap, and the capsule body surround and form a sealed space; the space surrounding the capsule body communicates with the external space of the telescopic shaft. The pressure in the sealed space is negatively correlated with the volume of the bladder.
2. A telescopic shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The capsule assembly further includes an elastic portion; the elastic portion is connected to the first shaft or the capsule body; the elastic portion is disposed in the sealed space; When the first shaft is located at least a portion of the set trajectory, the elastic part applies a force along the compression direction to the bladder; wherein, the set trajectory is the movement trajectory of the first shaft relative to the second shaft, and the compression direction is the direction from the first shaft to the end cap.
3. A telescopic shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that, The deformation of the first elastic deformation is less than the deformation of the first bladder deformation, and the deformation of the first elastic deformation is 0. When the extrusion end of the first shaft moves in the first region, the elastic part undergoes the deformation of the first elastic deformation. When the extrusion end moves in the first region, the bladder undergoes the deformation of the first bladder deformation. When the extrusion end moves in the first region, the force exerted by the elastic part on the bladder is less than the force exerted by the air pressure in the sealed space on the bladder. The set trajectory includes the first region, the second region, and the third region arranged sequentially along the extrusion direction. The extrusion end is the end of the first shaft near the end cap.
4. A telescopic shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that, The absolute value of the difference between the deformation of the second elastic deformation and the deformation of the second bladder deformation is within a first set range; wherein, when the extrusion end moves in the second region, the elastic part undergoes the deformation of the second elastic deformation, and when the extrusion end moves in the second region, the bladder body undergoes the deformation of the second bladder deformation, and when the extrusion end moves in the second region, the force exerted by the elastic part on the bladder body is greater than the force exerted by the air pressure in the sealed space on the bladder body.
5. A telescopic shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that, The deformation of the third elastic deformation is greater than the deformation of the third bladder deformation; wherein, when the extrusion end moves in the third region, the elastic part undergoes the deformation of the third elastic deformation, and when the extrusion end moves in the third region, the bladder body undergoes the deformation of the third bladder deformation.
6. A telescopic shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first shaft unit of the first shaft assembly includes the first shaft body and spline teeth; one side of the spline teeth is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the first shaft body, and the other side extends in a direction away from the central axis of the first shaft body; a plurality of spline teeth are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the first shaft body. The second shaft unit of the second shaft assembly includes the second shaft body and a spline groove; the spline groove is recessed from the inner circumferential surface of the second shaft body toward the outer circumferential surface of the second shaft body; a plurality of spline grooves are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the second shaft body; the spline teeth mesh with the spline groove.
7. A telescopic shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end cap extends through both sides along its own axial direction to form a connecting hole; the enclosing space of the bladder is connected to the space on the side of the end cap away from the bladder through the connecting hole.
8. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a telescopic axle as described in any one of claims 1-7, and the vehicle further includes: A vehicle body assembly includes a suspension, a drive axle, a power unit, and a vehicle body; the power unit and the suspension are respectively connected to the vehicle body; the drive axle is connected to the end of the suspension away from the vehicle body; at least a portion of the suspension is configured as an elastic body; the end of the first axle away from the second axle is connected to the power unit, and the end of the second axle away from the first axle is connected to the drive axle.
9. A vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that, The capsule assembly further includes an elastic portion; the elastic portion is connected to the first shaft or the capsule body; the elastic portion is disposed in the sealed space; When the vehicle body is subjected to a first force along a set direction, the deformation of the first elastic deformation is less than the deformation of the first bladder deformation, and the deformation of the first elastic deformation is 0. Specifically, when the extrusion end of the first shaft moves in the first region, the elastic part deforms by the first elastic deformation; when the extrusion end moves in the first region, the bladder deforms by the first bladder deformation; when the extrusion end moves in the first region, the force exerted by the elastic part on the bladder is less than the force exerted by the air pressure in the sealed space on the bladder; the set trajectory includes the first region, the second region, and the third region arranged sequentially along the extrusion direction; the extrusion end is the end of the first shaft near the end cap; the set direction is the direction from the vehicle body to the suspension; the set trajectory is the movement trajectory of the first shaft relative to the second shaft; and the extrusion direction is the direction from the first shaft to the end cap.
10. A vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the vehicle body is subjected to a second force along the set direction, the absolute value of the difference between the deformation of the second elastic deformation and the deformation of the second bladder deformation is within a first set range; wherein, when the extrusion end moves in the second region, the elastic part undergoes the deformation of the second elastic deformation, and when the extrusion end moves in the second region, the bladder undergoes the deformation of the second bladder deformation, and the force exerted by the elastic part on the bladder when the extrusion end moves in the second region is greater than the force exerted by the air pressure in the sealed space on the bladder; the second force is greater than the first force.