Hollow valve core ultra-low temperature design safety valve for liquid hydrogen

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of hollow valve core ultra-low temperature design safety valve for liquid hydrogen, belong to valve technical field, in view of the problem that ordinary safety valve is prone to valve core shrinkage, bonding and cannot be accurately shunted under liquid hydrogen ultra-low temperature environment, the application provides a kind of safety valve, adopt hollow valve core body, built-in electric heating rod avoids low temperature bonding, ensure that valve core moves freely, set pressure measuring component detects liquid hydrogen pressure, realizes the accurate delivery of different pressure liquid hydrogen by adjusting direction component and shunt component, valve stem sets positioning mechanism, ensure that valve core is stable, the application is applicable to liquid hydrogen storage and conveying system, can improve system safety and operating stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of valve technology, and in particular to a hollow valve core cryogenic safety valve for liquid hydrogen. Background Technology

[0002] In liquid hydrogen storage and transportation systems, safety valves are crucial components. Their function is to open in time to release excess pressure when the pressure in the system exceeds the set value, preventing equipment damage due to overpressure and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the entire system. Liquid hydrogen has the physical property of ultra-low temperature, with an extremely low boiling point of about -252.78℃ at normal pressure. This ultra-low temperature environment places extremely stringent requirements on the design and material selection of safety valves. When ordinary safety valves are exposed to liquid hydrogen, their valve core, sealing components and other key parts are prone to shrinkage and brittleness due to the low temperature, resulting in a decrease in sealing performance, and even problems such as the valve core sticking to the valve seat and failing to operate normally, which seriously affects the reliability and service life of the safety valve. Meanwhile, during the liquid hydrogen transportation process, the pressure of liquid hydrogen may vary under different operating conditions. Traditional safety valves usually only have simple overpressure protection functions and cannot accurately divert and transport liquid hydrogen according to its actual pressure. This may lead to the inability to select a suitable transportation pipeline when facing liquid hydrogen with different pressures, which can easily cause instability in the transportation process and increase the risk of system operation. To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a hollow valve core cryogenic safety valve for liquid hydrogen. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a hollow valve core cryogenic safety valve for liquid hydrogen, which solves the problems of valve core shrinkage, adhesion, and inaccurate flow diversion in ordinary safety valves under cryogenic conditions of liquid hydrogen in the prior art.

[0004] This invention provides the following technical solution: A hollow valve core cryogenic safety valve for liquid hydrogen includes: A valve seat, wherein an inlet end is fixedly inserted through one side of the valve seat, and a support tube is fixedly installed inside the valve seat, and multiple flow holes are opened on the wall of the support tube; A valve sleeve is fixed to the top of the valve seat and communicates with the valve seat, and a plurality of sealing packings are fixed inside the valve sleeve; A valve stem slidably passes through a plurality of the sealing packings, the top end of the valve stem extending above the valve sleeve, and the bottom end of the valve stem extending into the valve seat; A valve core component is installed at the bottom end of the valve stem. The valve core component includes a hollow valve core body and an electric heating rod for heating the hollow valve core body. The hollow valve core body is fitted against the inner wall of the support tube to block multiple flow holes. A transmission component is installed on the top of the valve sleeve and connected to the top of the valve stem. The transmission component is used to drive the valve stem to move longitudinally, so as to cause the hollow valve core body to release the blockage of the multiple flow holes. A flow divider is installed at the bottom of the valve seat. The flow divider includes a directional assembly and multiple liquid outlets. The directional assembly is used to selectively connect to one of the liquid outlets according to the liquid hydrogen pressure.

[0005] In one possible design, the valve core component further includes a pressure sensing assembly and a valve core cover. The pressure sensing assembly is mounted on the bottom end of the valve stem, and the valve core cover connects the pressure sensing assembly to the hollow valve core body. The pressure sensing assembly includes a pressure sensor for detecting the liquid hydrogen pressure acting on it, and the pressure data detected by the pressure sensor is used to control the directional assembly.

[0006] In one possible design, the valve core component further includes a support column fixed to the valve core cover and located inside the hollow valve core body, and a plurality of disc-shaped buffer frames fixedly sleeved on the support column. The outer edge of the disc-shaped buffer frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow valve core body. When the hollow valve core body shrinks or contracts, the disc-shaped buffer frame undergoes elastic deformation to provide elastic support force.

[0007] In one possible design, the pressure sensing component includes: A transmission column is fixed to the bottom end of the valve stem, and a mounting groove is provided at the bottom end of the transmission column, in which the pressure sensor is fixed. A support concave plate is fixed to the bottom end of the transmission column; A connecting plate is disposed within the supporting recess, and the bottom of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the valve core cover; A pressure rod is fixed to the top of the connecting plate and extends into the mounting groove. The pressure rod is used to press against the pressure sensor, wherein the liquid hydrogen pressure acts on the connecting plate and is transmitted to the pressure sensor through the pressure rod.

[0008] In one possible design, the transmission component includes: A hinge bracket is fixed to the top of the valve sleeve; The swing arm is rotatably connected to the hinge frame via a pin. The transmission rod is fixedly connected between the two swing arms; A transmission ring is fixedly connected to the top end of the valve stem, and the transmission rod passes through the transmission ring and engages with the transmission ring in a transmission cooperation. The opening and closing handle is fixedly connected to the pin shaft via a connecting bracket. Moving the opening and closing handle causes the swing arm to swing, which in turn drives the valve stem to move longitudinally via the transmission rod and the transmission ring.

[0009] In one possible design, a mounting ring is fixed on the valve stem, and multiple elastic brackets are evenly distributed along the circumference of the mounting ring. Adjacent elastic brackets are fixedly connected with mating rings. Two longitudinally arranged retaining rings are fixed inside the valve sleeve, wherein the multiple mating rings are used to engage with the retaining rings to lock the longitudinal position of the valve stem.

[0010] In one possible design, the diversion component further includes a base box fixedly mounted to the bottom of the valve seat, and the directional assembly includes: The flow tube is fixed inside the valve seat; A rotating tube, the upper end of which is rotatably and sealingly connected to the bottom end of the flow tube; A steering box is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating tube, and a guide hole is provided on one side of the steering box; A driving component, installed inside the bottom box and connected to the rotating tube, is used to drive the rotating tube to rotate so that the guide hole selectively communicates with one of the liquid outlets.

[0011] In one possible design, the driving component includes a stepper motor, a drive gear, and a gear ring. The stepper motor is fixed inside the base box, the drive gear is fixed on the output shaft of the stepper motor, and the gear ring is fixed on the rotating tube. The drive gear meshes with the gear ring. The stepper motor is started to drive the drive gear, the gear ring, and the rotating tube to rotate in sequence to adjust the opening orientation of the guide hole.

[0012] In one possible design, a controller fixed within the valve sleeve is also included. The controller is electrically connected to the heating rod, the pressure sensor, and the stepper motor, respectively. The controller is used to receive the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor and control the rotation angle of the stepper motor and the power supply to the heating rod according to the pressure signal.

[0013] In one possible design, the controller is electrically connected to an external operation display via an external wire. The controller transmits the hydraulic pressure data detected by the pressure sensor to the external operation display and controls the stepper motor to align the opening of the guide hole with the outlet end of the liquid hydrogen to be delivered according to the operation command.

[0014] In this invention, when using the safety valve, the inlet end is first connected to the delivery pipe inside the external input valve seat, allowing liquid hydrogen to be delivered to the valve seat via the inlet end. At this time, the liquid hydrogen pressure applies pressure to the connecting plate in the pressure measuring assembly. The connecting plate presses against the pressure sensor via a pressure rod. After detecting the liquid pressure, the pressure sensor transmits the data to the controller, which then transmits the data to the external operation display. The operator determines the liquid hydrogen delivery path based on the liquid pressure. If liquid hydrogen needs to be delivered, the operator moves the connecting frame by pulling the opening / closing handle upwards, which is driven by the two pins. Under the action of the two swing arms, the two swing arms rotate longitudinally, driving the transmission rod to move longitudinally in an arc. The transmission rod, through its interaction with the transmission ring, drives the valve stem to move longitudinally. The valve stem then drives the pressure sensing component, valve core cover, and hollow valve core body within the valve core assembly to move upwards within the support tube. Before this movement, the controller energizes multiple heating rods to heat the hollow valve core body, preventing it from being frozen by liquid hydrogen and sticking to the support tube, thus ensuring the hollow valve core body can move freely. Simultaneously, before the hollow valve core body moves, the controller starts a stepper motor based on the liquid pressure data detected by the pressure sensor. The machine drives the drive gear to rotate, and the drive gear meshes with the gear ring to drive the rotating tube to rotate. The rotating tube drives the adjusting box to rotate, keeping the guide hole connected to the liquid outlet end that bears the hydraulic pressure. When the hollow valve core body moves upward, multiple flow holes remain open, and liquid hydrogen flows downward through the flow holes. The liquid hydrogen is then transported to the corresponding liquid outlet end through the flow tube, rotating tube, adjusting box, and guide hole, and then output through the corresponding pressure-resistant delivery pipeline, realizing the stable delivery of liquid hydrogen at different pressures. During the movement of the valve stem, multiple mating rings engage with the retaining rings located above or below, and the retaining rings engage with the mating rings. The pressure creates a squeezing force, causing the docking ring to move towards the side closer to the mounting ring. This applies pressure to the two adjacent elastic frames, triggering elastic deformation of the elastic frames and the spring-loaded shaped steel plate until the docking ring is engaged in the retaining ring. The elastic deformation of the elastic frames and the spring-loaded shaped steel plate then causes the docking ring to move in the opposite direction, ensuring that multiple docking rings are engaged with the retaining ring. This positions the valve stem and keeps the valve core component in a stable position. When it is necessary to stop the delivery of liquid hydrogen, the operator can move the hollow valve core body downwards by pulling the opening and closing handle downwards, following the reverse process described above. This blocks multiple flow holes and stops the delivery of liquid hydrogen.

[0015] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit the invention.

[0016] Beneficial effects: 1. The pressure sensor in the pressure measuring component can accurately detect the liquid hydrogen pressure in the valve seat. Based on the different pressures of liquid hydrogen, the directional component and the diversion component are used to disperse and deliver the liquid hydrogen to the corresponding delivery pipeline, ensuring stable delivery of liquid hydrogen and avoiding delivery problems caused by pressure mismatch. 2. Multiple heating rods are installed inside the hollow valve core body. They are heated by electricity before moving the hollow valve core body to prevent it from sticking to the support tube under the low temperature freezing of liquid hydrogen, ensuring that the hollow valve core body can move freely and ensuring the normal operation of the safety valve. 3. Multiple disc-shaped buffer frames are set in the hollow valve core body. The disc-shaped buffer frames have buffer rings and buffer notches, which improves toughness. When the hollow valve core body shrinks due to cold, the multiple disc-shaped buffer frames provide elastic support force, which greatly reduces the amount of shrinkage and makes it fit tightly against the inner wall of the support tube. At the same time, the heating rod can adjust the temperature inside the hollow valve core body to prevent the disc-shaped buffer frames from breaking or losing toughness due to low temperature. 4. The transmission components adopt a structure of hinge frame, swing arm, transmission rod and opening and closing handle. By turning the opening and closing handle, the valve stem can be moved longitudinally to adjust the position of the valve core component. It is easy to operate. The valve stem is equipped with structures such as mounting ring, elastic frame, docking ring and retaining ring. When adjusting the position of the valve core component, multiple docking rings can be engaged with the retaining ring. After the elastic frame and the spring-loaded special-shaped steel plate undergo elastic deformation, they drive the docking ring to move in the opposite direction, positioning the valve stem and keeping the valve core component in a stable position. 5. A controller is installed inside the valve sleeve, which is electrically connected to multiple heating rods, a pressure sensor, and a stepper motor. It is also electrically connected to an external operation display via an external wire. After the pressure sensor detects the liquid hydrogen pressure, the controller can start the stepper motor and control its rotation angle to accurately align the guide hole opening with the liquid outlet end that needs to be delivered. At the same time, it can control the multiple heating rods to be energized or de-energized, thereby achieving temperature control of the hollow valve core body and improving the intelligence and ease of operation of the safety valve.

[0017] This invention uses an electric heating rod to prevent the valve core from sticking, ensuring free movement. Based on pressure sensor data, it can achieve precise directional adjustment by a stepper motor, allowing liquid hydrogen at different pressures to be stably transported through corresponding pipelines. It also uses structures such as retaining rings to position the valve stem, ensuring valve core stability and improving system safety and operational stability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a first-view three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a hollow valve core cryogenic safety valve for liquid hydrogen provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a second-view three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a hollow valve core cryogenic safety valve for liquid hydrogen provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a front-view sectional view of the hollow valve core cryogenic design safety valve for liquid hydrogen provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the valve seat, valve sleeve, and handle connection structure of a hollow valve core cryogenic safety valve for liquid hydrogen provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional schematic diagram of the valve seat and valve sleeve of a hollow valve core cryogenic safety valve for liquid hydrogen provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection structure of the handle, valve stem, transmission column and hollow valve core body of the cryogenic liquid hydrogen safety valve with hollow valve core provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the valve core cover plate and hollow valve core body separation structure of the cryogenic liquid hydrogen safety valve with hollow valve core provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a first-view three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bottom box of the hollow valve core cryogenic design liquid hydrogen safety valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a second-view three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bottom box of a hollow valve core cryogenic safety valve for liquid hydrogen provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure label: 1. Valve seat; 2. Inlet end; 3. Support tube; 4. Flow hole; 5. Valve sleeve; 6. Sealing packing; 7. Valve stem; 8. Limiting guide sleeve; 9. Transmission column; 10. Support recess; 11. Connecting disc; 12. Valve core cover; 13. Hollow valve core body; 14. Heating rod; 15. Support column; 16. Disc-shaped buffer frame; 17. Buffer ring; 18. Buffer notch; 19. Mounting ring; 20. Butt ring; 21. Elastic frame; 22. Rebound spring 23. Irregularly shaped steel plate; 24. Snap ring; 25. Hinge frame; 26. Swing arm; 27. Transmission rod; 28. Transmission ring; 29. ​​Connecting frame; 30. Opening and closing handle; 31. Mounting slot; 32. Pressure sensor; 33. Pressure rod; 34. Base box; 35. Support box; 36. Liquid outlet; 37. Flow tube; 38. Rotating tube; 39. Directional box; 40. Guide hole; 41. Stepper motor; 42. Drive gear; 43. Gear ring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "installation" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "connection" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed" means that the devices are connected to each other and their relative positional relationship remains unchanged after the connection. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention, such as "inner," "outer," "top," and "bottom," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] In this embodiment of the invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0023] In this embodiment of the invention, "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0024] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as used in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the invention. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including, but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0025] In one embodiment: Refer to Figures 1-9 A safety valve includes a valve seat 1, a valve sleeve 5, a valve stem 7, a valve core component, a transmission component, and a flow diversion component.

[0026] like Figures 1-2As shown, the valve seat 1 is cylindrical in shape and forged from 06Cr19Ni10 (304) stainless steel with a polished inner wall, with a wall thickness of 12mm. One side of the valve seat 1 is fixedly connected to the inlet end 2 via argon arc welding. One end of the inlet end 2 extends to the outside of the valve seat 1 for connection to the upstream liquid hydrogen pipeline via a flange. The top of the valve seat 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom flange of the valve sleeve 5 via a ring of M12 hexagonal studs. A 1.5mm thick spiral wound gasket is sandwiched at the connection point to ensure a seal. The valve sleeve 5 is also made of stainless steel, and three PTFE sealing packings 6 are press-fitted axially at equal intervals inside for dynamic sealing of the valve stem 7.

[0027] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, a support tube 3 is coaxially fixed inside the valve seat 1. The outer diameter of the support tube 3 is interference-fitted with the inner diameter of the valve seat 1, and it is fixed to the inner wall of the valve seat 1 by welding two circumferential welds. On the side wall of the support tube 3, four flow holes 4 with a diameter of 8 mm are machined at equal intervals along its axial direction. The inner wall of the support tube 3 is precision ground, and the surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm.

[0028] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the valve stem 7 is a solid stainless steel rod with a diameter of 20mm, which passes through the central holes of the three sealing packings 6 and slides with them. The bottom end of the valve stem 7 passes through the opening at the center of the top of the valve seat 1 and extends into the interior of the valve seat 1, connecting with the valve core component. The top end of the valve stem 7 extends above the valve sleeve 5 and connects with the transmission component.

[0029] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the valve core assembly includes a pressure testing component, a valve core cover 12, and a hollow valve core body 13. The transmission column 9 in the pressure testing component is fixed to the bottom end of the valve stem 7 via a threaded connection. A limiting guide sleeve 8 is press-fitted into the top opening of the valve seat 1, with its inner hole and the outer cylindrical surface of the transmission column 9 using an H7 / g6 clearance fit to achieve a tight sliding connection. A support recess 10 is fixed to the bottom end of the transmission column 9, and a connecting plate 11 is placed inside the support recess 10. The outer edges of both the support recess 10 and the connecting plate 11 are in tight sliding fit with the inner wall of the valve seat 1. The bottom of the connecting plate 11 extends downwards, passes through the top opening of the support tube 3, and is fixedly connected to the top of the valve core cover 12 by an M6 screw. The hollow valve core body 13 is welded to the bottom of the valve core cover 12. The hollow valve core body 13 is made of a copper alloy tube with a wall thickness of 2mm, and the fitting clearance between its outer diameter and the inner diameter of the support tube 3 is controlled between 0.05mm and 0.10mm. Under normal conditions, the outer wall of the hollow valve core body 13 is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the support tube 3, thereby sealing all flow holes 4. Inside the hollow valve core body 13, four heating rods 14 with a rated power of 50W are evenly embedded circumferentially, and the heating rods 14 are fixed to the inner wall of the valve core body 13 by high-temperature soldering.

[0030] In this embodiment, the hollow valve core body with an internal heating rod 14 is designed to address the potential stickiness of the valve core in a liquid hydrogen environment. Without the heating structure, if the valve is immersed in liquid hydrogen for more than 48 hours in the closed state, the measured separation force between the valve core and valve seat may increase by approximately 15%-25% compared to room temperature due to differences in material shrinkage coefficients and possible formation of trace ice crystals. Preheating the valve core briefly (e.g., 30 seconds) with the heating rod to raise its temperature to above -200°C effectively eliminates this adhesion, ensuring reliable start-up of the actuator within the designed driving force range.

[0031] like Figures 3-6 As shown, the transmission component includes a hinge frame 24 fixed to the top of the valve sleeve 5. Two swing arms 25 are rotatably connected to both sides of the hinge frame 24 via pins, and the lower ends of the two swing arms 25 are connected by a transmission rod 26. A transmission ring 27 is fixed to the top of the valve stem 7, and the transmission rod 26 passes through a transverse through hole in the transmission ring 27. A connecting frame 28 located outside the hinge frame 24 is also fixedly connected to the outer ends of the two pins, and an opening / closing handle 29 is mounted on one side of the connecting frame 28. When the operator operates the opening / closing handle 29, the swing arms 25 swing through the connecting frame 28 and the pins, causing the transmission rod 26 to perform an arc motion. The transmission rod 26 pushes or pulls the transmission ring 27, thereby driving the valve stem 7 and the valve core component to move up and down.

[0032] like Figure 5As shown, a positioning mechanism is also fitted onto the valve stem 7. This mechanism includes a mounting ring 19 fixed to the valve stem 7, on which four elastic brackets 21 are evenly welded circumferentially. Each elastic bracket 21 is formed by bending 0.5mm thick 65Mn spring steel sheets, and a mating ring 20 is welded between the free ends of two adjacent elastic brackets 21. On the inner wall of the valve sleeve 5, two retaining rings 23 with inner diameters slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the mating rings 20 are fixed at intervals. When the valve stem 7 moves to a specific position (fully open or fully closed), the four mating rings 20 engage with the upper or lower retaining rings 23. The inner chamfer of the retaining rings 23 exerts radial pressure on the mating rings 20, forcing the elastic brackets 21 to undergo elastic deformation. After the mating rings 20 have fully slid into the retaining rings 23, the rebound force of the elastic brackets 21 causes the mating rings 20 and retaining rings 23 to form a stable engagement, thereby locking the valve stem position. This design prevents accidental changes in the valve core position due to system pressure fluctuations or slight vibrations. Without such a positioning mechanism, under the pulsating pressure generated by liquid hydrogen flowing through the valve (peak pressure fluctuation of approximately ±0.05 MPa), the valve stem may experience slight millimeter-level movement, which could potentially affect the lifespan of the sealing surface in the long run.

[0033] like Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the diversion component is installed at the bottom of the valve seat 1. The base box 33 is fixed to the bottom of the valve seat 1 by bolts, and a base 34 is connected to its bottom. A directional assembly is provided inside the base box 33, and the top of the directional assembly communicates with the interior of the valve seat 1. Specifically, a flow tube 37 is welded to the bottom of the valve seat 1. The bottom end of the flow tube 37 extends into the base box 33 and is connected to the upper end of the rotating tube 38 through a rotary sealing joint. The lower end of the rotating tube 38 extends into a support box 35 and is fixed to the directional box 39. The directional box 39 can rotate within the support box 35. A guide hole 40 is opened on one side of the directional box 39. Three liquid outlets 36 are connected around the circumference of the base box 33, which lead to different pressure-level delivery pipelines (e.g., pipelines with design pressures of 1.0 MPa, 2.5 MPa, and 4.0 MPa). A stepper motor 41 is installed at the bottom of the support box 35, and the drive gear 42 on its output shaft meshes with the gear ring 43 sleeved on the rotating tube 38.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the pressure sensing component is used to sense the pressure of liquid hydrogen. A mounting groove 30 is machined at the bottom of the transmission column 9, and a pressure sensor 31 is fixed within the groove. A pressure rod 32 is welded to the top center of the connecting plate 11, with its tip extending into the mounting groove 30, directly facing the sensing surface of the pressure sensor 31. When liquid hydrogen fills the valve seat 1 and acts on the bottom of the connecting plate 11, the pressure is transmitted to the pressure sensor 31 through the pressure rod 32.

[0035] A controller (not shown in the figure) is also installed inside the valve sleeve 5. The controller is electrically connected to the heating rod 14, the pressure sensor 31 and the stepper motor 41 through wires, and is connected to an external operation display through an external cable.

[0036] Liquid hydrogen enters valve seat 1 from inlet 2, and the pressure acts on connecting plate 11, transmitted to pressure sensor 31 via pressure rod 32. The pressure signal is displayed on the operation display by the controller. The operator determines the output pipeline to use based on the pressure value. Subsequently, the stepper motor 41 is started by the controller, driving the drive gear 42 and gear ring 43 to rotate the rotating tube 38 and the adjusting box 39 until the guide hole 40 is aligned with the target liquid outlet 36. At the same time, the controller powers the heating rod 14 for about 30 seconds to preheat the hollow valve core body 13. After preheating, the opening handle 29 is pulled upward, lifting valve rod 7 through the transmission component, causing the hollow valve core body 13 to move upward, exposing the flow hole 4. Liquid hydrogen flows downward through the flow hole 4, sequentially through flow tube 37, rotating tube 38, adjusting box 39 and guide hole 40, and flows out from the selected liquid outlet 36, entering the delivery pipeline with the corresponding pressure. When the valve stem 7 is raised to the top, its mating ring 20 engages with the upper retaining ring 23, achieving position locking. When closed, the handle is pulled down, the valve stem moves down, the hollow valve core body 13 re-seals the flow hole 4, and the mating ring 20 engages with the lower retaining ring 23.

[0037] This application can be used in the field of valve technology, or in other fields applicable to this application.

[0038] In another embodiment: Reference Figure 7 Based on the above embodiments, an improvement is made to a hollow valve core cryogenic design safety valve for liquid hydrogen, which is applied to the field of valve technology. The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the aforementioned embodiments, except that some structural parameters and optional solutions are further described to support the possible general statements in the claims.

[0039] like Figure 7As shown, in another optional embodiment, an internal support structure can be added inside the hollow valve core body 13. For example, a support column 15 is welded to the bottom of the valve core cover 12, and the bottom end of the support column 15 is welded to the bottom inner wall of the hollow valve core body 13. On the support column 15, three disc-shaped buffer frames 16 made of thin-walled stainless steel are spaced apart along the axial direction, and the outer edge of the disc-shaped buffer frames 16 is welded to the inner wall of the hollow valve core body 13. The disc-shaped buffer frames 16 are machined with multiple buffer rings 17 and multiple buffer notches 18. This structure enhances the axial elasticity of the disc-shaped buffer frames 16. When liquid hydrogen causes the hollow valve core body 13 to shrink due to cold, the elastic deformation of the disc-shaped buffer frames 16 can partially compensate for its radial shrinkage, which helps to maintain the fit between the hollow valve core body 13 and the inner wall of the support tube 3 and reduce the risk of leakage caused by the increase of shrinkage gap. At the same time, the built-in electric heating rod 14 can also ensure that the temperature of the disc-shaped buffer frames 16 does not drop too low and lose its elasticity during preheating.

[0040] In Embodiment 1, a stepper motor 41 and gear transmission are used to drive the diversion component. In another embodiment, if high control precision is not required but explosion-proof conditions are necessary, a pneumatic motor can be used instead. The pneumatic motor is connected to the rotating tube 38 via a reducer, and the rotation angle is controlled by adjusting the on / off time of the intake solenoid valve. This solution provides high driving torque and is inherently safe, making it suitable for areas with explosion-proof requirements. However, its angle control precision is relatively lower than that of a stepper motor, typically with an error of around ±5°.

[0041] Regarding the installation of pressure sensor 31, in Embodiment 1, it is placed in the mounting groove 30 at the bottom of the transmission column 9, and pressure is transmitted through the pressure rod 32. In applications with a small pressure measurement range (e.g., 0-1 MPa) and strict space constraints, a thin-film pressure sensor can also be used, with its diaphragm directly integrated as part of the connecting plate 11, and the signal is led out through wires. This method offers higher integration, but also places more stringent requirements on the sensor's low-temperature resistance and sealing performance.

[0042] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the heating rod 14, pressure sensor 31 and stepper motor 41 are conventional means or common knowledge, and will not be described in detail here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0043] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0044] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hollow valve core cryogenic safety valve for liquid hydrogen, characterized in that, include: A valve seat (1) is provided with an inlet end (2) fixedly inserted on one side of the valve seat (1), and a support tube (3) is fixedly provided inside the valve seat (1). Multiple flow holes (4) are provided on the wall of the support tube (3). Valve sleeve (5) is fixed to the top of valve seat (1) and communicates with valve seat (1). Multiple sealing packings (6) are fixed inside the valve sleeve (5). The valve stem (7) slidably passes through a plurality of the sealing packings (6), the top end of the valve stem (7) extends above the valve sleeve (5), and the bottom end of the valve stem (7) extends into the valve seat (1); A valve core component is installed at the bottom end of the valve stem (7). The valve core component includes a hollow valve core body (13) and an electric heating rod (14) for heating the hollow valve core body (13). The hollow valve core body (13) is attached to the inner wall of the support tube (3) to block the multiple flow holes (4). A transmission component is installed on the top of the valve sleeve (5) and connected to the top of the valve stem (7). The transmission component is used to drive the valve stem (7) to move longitudinally so as to drive the hollow valve core body (13) to release the blockage of the multiple flow holes (4). A diversion component is installed at the bottom of the valve seat (1). The diversion component includes a directional assembly and a plurality of liquid outlets (36). The directional assembly is used to selectively communicate with one of the liquid outlets (36) according to the liquid hydrogen pressure.

2. The hollow valve core cryogenic safety valve for liquid hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve core component also includes a pressure measuring component and a valve core cover (12). The pressure measuring component is installed at the bottom end of the valve stem (7). The valve core cover (12) connects the pressure measuring component to the hollow valve core body (13). The pressure measuring component includes a pressure sensor (31). The pressure sensor (31) is used to detect the liquid hydrogen pressure acting on it. The pressure data detected by the pressure sensor (31) is used to control the steering component.

3. The hollow valve core cryogenic design safety valve for liquid hydrogen according to claim 2, characterized in that, The valve core component also includes a support column (15) fixed to the valve core cover (12) and located inside the hollow valve core body (13), and a plurality of disc-shaped buffer frames (16) fixedly sleeved on the support column (15). The outer edge of the disc-shaped buffer frame (16) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow valve core body (13). When the hollow valve core body (13) shrinks, the disc-shaped buffer frame (16) undergoes elastic deformation to provide elastic support force.

4. The hollow valve core cryogenic safety valve for liquid hydrogen according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The pressure measurement component includes: A transmission column (9) is fixed to the bottom end of the valve stem (7). The bottom end of the transmission column (9) is provided with a mounting groove (30), and the pressure sensor (31) is fixed in the mounting groove (30). The support concave plate (10) is fixed to the bottom end of the transmission column (9); A connecting plate (11) is disposed inside the supporting concave plate (10), and the bottom of the connecting plate (11) is fixedly connected to the valve core cover (12); A pressure rod (32) is fixed to the top of the connecting plate (11) and extends into the mounting groove (30). The pressure rod (32) is used to press the pressure sensor (31), wherein the liquid hydrogen pressure acts on the connecting plate (11) and is transmitted to the pressure sensor (31) through the pressure rod (32).

5. The hollow valve core cryogenic design safety valve for liquid hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission component includes: A hinge bracket (24) is fixed to the top of the valve sleeve (5); The swing arm (25) is rotatably connected to the hinge frame (24) via a pin. The transmission rod (26) is fixedly connected between the two swing arms (25); The transmission ring (27) is fixedly connected to the top of the valve stem (7), and the transmission rod (26) passes through the transmission ring (27) and is in transmission cooperation with the transmission ring (27); The opening and closing handle (29) is fixedly connected to the pin shaft through the connecting bracket (28). When the opening and closing handle (29) is turned, the swing arm (25) swings, and then the valve stem (7) is driven to move longitudinally through the transmission rod (26) and the transmission ring (27).

6. The hollow valve core cryogenic design safety valve for liquid hydrogen according to claim 5, characterized in that, The valve stem (7) is fixedly provided with an installation ring (19), and multiple elastic frames (21) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the installation ring (19). Adjacent elastic frames (21) are fixedly connected with docking rings (20). The valve sleeve (5) is fixedly provided with two longitudinally arranged retaining rings (23). The multiple docking rings (20) are used to engage with the retaining rings (23) to lock the longitudinal position of the valve stem (7).

7. The hollow valve core cryogenic design safety valve for liquid hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diversion component also includes a base box (33) fixedly installed at the bottom of the valve seat (1), and the directional assembly includes: The flow tube (37) is fixed inside the valve seat (1); The upper end of the rotating tube (38) is rotatably and sealingly connected to the bottom end of the flow tube (37); The directional box (39) is fixed at the bottom end of the rotating tube (38), and a guide hole (40) is provided on one side of the directional box (39). A driving component, installed inside the base box (33) and connected to the rotating tube (38), is used to drive the rotating tube (38) to rotate so that the guide hole (40) is selectively connected to one of the liquid outlets (36).

8. The hollow valve core cryogenic design safety valve for liquid hydrogen according to claim 7, characterized in that, The driving component includes a stepper motor (41), a drive gear (42), and a gear ring (43). The stepper motor (41) is fixed inside the base box (33), the drive gear (42) is fixed on the output shaft of the stepper motor (41), and the gear ring (43) is fixed on the rotating tube (38). The drive gear (42) meshes with the gear ring (43). The stepper motor (41) is started to drive the drive gear (42), the gear ring (43) and the rotating tube (38) to rotate in sequence, so as to adjust the opening orientation of the guide hole (40).

9. The hollow valve core cryogenic design safety valve for liquid hydrogen according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a controller fixed in the valve sleeve (5), which is electrically connected to the heating rod (14), the pressure sensor (31) and the stepper motor (41) respectively. The controller is used to receive the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor (31) and control the rotation angle of the stepper motor (41) and control the power supply of the heating rod (14) according to the pressure signal.

10. The hollow valve core cryogenic design safety valve for liquid hydrogen according to claim 9, characterized in that, The controller is electrically connected to an external operation display via an external wire. The controller transmits the hydraulic pressure data detected by the pressure sensor (31) to the external operation display and controls the stepper motor (41) to align the opening of the guide hole (40) with the liquid outlet (36) to be transported according to the operation command.

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