Rainwater deflector and collection system for a sunken road

Abstract

This invention discloses a rainwater shelter and collection system for sunken roads, comprising: a rain shelter structural foundation, installed on both sides of the sunken road and extending longitudinally along the road, covering its entire length; multiple columns installed on the rain shelter structural foundation to support the roof; a roof erected on top of the columns; a rain shelter cover installed above the roof to shield the sunken road from rainfall and divert the rainwater; a rainwater collection trough installed on the side of the roof and extending longitudinally along the sunken road to collect the rainwater diverted by the rain shelter cover; and a rainwater downpipe connected to the rainwater collection trough for discharging the collected rainwater downstream; the system also includes road humps at both ends of the sunken road entrance. This invention solves the problem of water accumulation on sunken roads and improves the ability of urban infrastructure to cope with extreme weather.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road drainage engineering technology, and specifically to a rainwater shelter and collection system for sunken roads. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, sunken road drainage systems primarily rely on underground pipe networks for rainwater collection and pumping stations for discharge. As drainage standards gradually improve, the associated investment and land requirements also increase. Furthermore, excessive rainfall or facility malfunctions can easily lead to poor drainage and road flooding, severely hindering normal traffic flow, and preventing the effective collection of rainwater.

[0003] With the deepening of resilient city construction, there is an urgent need for a device that can integrate rainwater interception and collection at the source of sunken roads, while meeting the requirements for road ventilation and lighting, and combining solar energy collection functions to enhance urban resilience and ecological benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a rainwater shelter and collection system for sunken roads, which can effectively prevent water accumulation in sunken roads, realize the collection and utilization of rainwater resources, and improve road traffic safety and water resource utilization efficiency.

[0005] According to the present invention, a rainwater shelter and collection system for sunken roads is provided, comprising: a rain shelter structural foundation, disposed on both sides of the sunken road and extending longitudinally along the sunken road to cover its entire length; a plurality of columns disposed on the rain shelter structural foundation to support a canopy; the canopy being erected on the top of the plurality of columns; a rain shelter cover disposed above the canopy for shielding the sunken road from rainfall and diverting the rainwater; a rainwater collection trough disposed on the side of the canopy and extending longitudinally along the sunken road for receiving the rainwater diverted by the rain shelter cover; and a rainwater downpipe communicating with the rainwater collection trough for discharging the rainwater collected by the rainwater collection trough downstream; the system also includes road humps at both ends of the sunken road entrance, the top design elevation of which is not lower than the top design elevation of the rain shelter structural foundation.

[0006] Preferably, it further includes: a central fixed rain shelter member, fixed at the longitudinal center of the canopy and higher than the upper surface of the canopy; the rain shelter cover is arranged on both sides of the central fixed rain shelter member, and in the unfolded or installed state, the upper edge of the rain shelter cover is located below the central fixed rain shelter member to receive the rainwater intercepted by the central fixed rain shelter member.

[0007] Preferably, the intermediate fixed rainproof component is integrated with a solar panel for collecting solar energy and supplying power to the facility's electrical equipment.

[0008] Preferably, the foundation of the rain shelter structure includes: a pre-embedded or cast-in-place continuous concrete wall, used to block surface and underground runoff on the outer side of the sunken road.

[0009] Preferably, the rain-shielding cover is a retractable tarpaulin, and the system further includes: a tarpaulin motor and a rain sensor, wherein the tarpaulin motor controls the tarpaulin to unfold or close according to the rain signal detected by the rain sensor.

[0010] Preferably, the rain-shielding covering is a fixedly installed awning or solar panel, and is installed in a staggered manner above the roof, which is a sloping or curved structure;

[0011] Wherein, the projected overlap between adjacent panels of the canopy or the solar panel shall not be less than 0.2 meters, and the vertical clear height of the overlap shall not be less than 0.3 meters.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes: a rainwater purification and reuse device, wherein the rainwater downpipe is connected to the rainwater purification and reuse device, and the rainwater purified by the rainwater purification and reuse device is used to clean the rain cover and / or the solar panel.

[0013] Preferably, the minimum cross-sectional dimensions of the rainwater collection trough are 0.5 meters wide and 1.0 meter high, and during non-rainy periods, it serves as a storage trough for the tarpaulin used as the rain-shielding covering.

[0014] Preferably, the road lighting device is powered by solar energy supplied by the solar panels, with mains power as a backup power source.

[0015] Preferably, the elevation Z of the foundation of the rain shelter structure and the top of the road hump is... 顶 satisfy:

[0016] in: The design flood level is in meters; R is wave run-up in meters; and e is the freeboard.

[0017] The above embodiments provide a rainwater shelter and collection system for sunken roads, including a rain shelter structural foundation, multiple columns, a roof, rain shelter coverings, rainwater collection troughs, rainwater downpipes, and road humps. By installing rain shelter coverings above the sunken road to block direct rainwater from falling, and using rainwater collection troughs and downpipes to guide and collect rainwater, while the road humps prevent external runoff from entering, the system effectively solves the problem of water accumulation and promotes water resource recycling. It has comprehensive benefits in preventing road water accumulation, improving traffic safety, and optimizing water resource management. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a rainwater shelter and collection system for sunken roads according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a rainwater shelter and collection system for sunken roads according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the system for retracting the tarpaulin according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the staggered installation of a fixed tarpaulin according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a fixed solar panel staggered installation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an arc-shaped ceiling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0025] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] This embodiment provides a rainwater shelter and collection system for sunken roads. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a rainwater shelter and collection system for sunken roads according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown below, in conjunction with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The system is described in detail.

[0027] Figure 1 The rain shelter is shown to include modules such as rainwater collection troughs, drainage downpipes, solar energy, lighting, and rainwater purification.

[0028] This application proposes a rainwater shelter and collection system for sunken roads, comprising:

[0029] The foundation 1 of the rain shelter structure is set on both sides of the sunken road and extends longitudinally along the sunken road, covering the entire length of the sunken road (with the road hump as the boundary).

[0030] Multiple columns 2 are set on the foundation of the rain shelter structure to support the roof 3;

[0031] The canopy 3 is erected on top of the multiple columns;

[0032] Rain cover 4 is installed above the canopy to block rainfall from the sunken road and to divert the rainwater.

[0033] Rainwater collection trough 5 is provided on the side of the canopy 3 and extends longitudinally along the recessed road to collect the rainwater diverted by the rain cover.

[0034] The rainwater downpipe 6 is connected to the rainwater collection tank 5 and is used to discharge the rainwater collected by the rainwater collection tank 5 downstream.

[0035] The system also features road humps at both ends of the sunken road entrance, with the top of the road humps designed to be no lower than the top of the foundation of the rain shelter structure.

[0036] In this embodiment, the rain shelter structure foundation 1 is the supporting structure for the entire rainwater shelter and collection system. It is typically located on both sides of the sunken road and extends longitudinally along the road, covering the entire length of the sunken road (bounded by the road hump). Its function is to provide stable support and prevent external surface runoff and groundwater runoff from entering the sunken road.

[0037] Column 2: Columns are vertical support components installed above the foundation of the rain shelter structure. Their main function is to support the weight of the roof and the rain shelter coverings and other ancillary facilities supported on it. The arrangement of the columns can affect the lighting and ventilation effects of the system.

[0038] Roof 3: The roof is a horizontal or sloping structure erected on top of multiple columns, serving as an installation platform and support for rain-shielding coverings. The roof structure can be designed as a sloping or curved surface according to actual needs, and can also adopt a perforated design to optimize lighting and ventilation.

[0039] Rain cover 4: The rain cover is a functional component installed above the canopy. Its core function is to directly block rainwater falling on the sunken road and effectively divert it to prevent rainwater from falling directly into the sunken road surface.

[0040] Rainwater collection trough 5: The rainwater collection trough is a trough-shaped structure installed on the side of the roof and extending longitudinally along the sunken road. Its main function is to collect rainwater that flows down from the rain cover and gather it for subsequent discharge or utilization.

[0041] 6. Rainwater downpipe: A rainwater downpipe is a vertical pipe connected to a rainwater collection trough, used to discharge rainwater collected in the trough to a downstream drainage system or rainwater treatment facility. The spacing and size of the downpipes can be calculated and determined based on the rainwater flow rate.

[0042] Road humps: Road humps are locally elevated structures installed at the entrances at both ends of a sunken road. Their top design elevation is set no lower than the top design elevation of the rain shelter structure foundation, aiming to form a physical barrier and effectively prevent water accumulation or runoff from outside the sunken road from entering the sunken road area.

[0043] This embodiment provides a rainwater shelter and collection system for sunken roads. The system aims to alleviate drainage pressure on sunken roads and achieve initial utilization of rainwater resources by actively intercepting and collecting rainfall.

[0044] In implementation, the system includes a rain shelter structural foundation. This foundation, which can take various forms, is positioned on both sides of the sunken road and extends longitudinally to cover its entire length. Its primary function is to provide stable support for the superstructure and act as a physical barrier to prevent surface runoff or groundwater from seeping into the sunken road area.

[0045] On the foundation 1 of the rain shelter structure, multiple columns 2 are installed. These columns can be made of steel, concrete, or composite materials. The spacing and height of the columns can be designed according to the structural stress, lighting, and ventilation requirements. For example, the columns can be arranged at equal intervals to evenly support the roof. The main function of the columns is to support the roof and the rain shelter covering above it.

[0046] The canopy 3 is erected atop multiple columns. This canopy can be constructed using a planar truss structure, a space frame structure, or a beam-slab structure. Materials for the canopy can include steel, aluminum alloy, or prestressed concrete. The structural design of the canopy must ensure that it can withstand its own weight, the weight of the rain cover, and potential external loads such as wind and snow loads.

[0047] Above the canopy 3, a rain shelter 4 is installed. This rain shelter is used to block rainfall from falling over the sunken road and to divert rainwater. For example, the rain shelter can be made of transparent or semi-transparent rigid plastic sheets, such as polycarbonate sheets or fiberglass reinforced plastic sheets, and fixed to the canopy frame with bolts or strips. Alternatively, flexible materials, such as PVC-coated fabric or high-strength waterproof cloth, can be used, supported by cables or frames. The surface of these shelters can be designed with a slope to guide rainwater flow to specific areas.

[0048] Rainwater collection trough 5 is installed on the side of the roof and extends longitudinally along the recessed road. This rainwater collection trough can be made of sheet metal (such as stainless steel or galvanized steel) or precast concrete and is fixed to the edge of the roof by supports. Its cross-sectional shape can be rectangular, U-shaped, or semi-circular. The main function of this collection trough is to collect rainwater diverted by the rain cover.

[0049] Downpipe 6 connects to the rainwater collection trough 5. These downpipes can be made of materials such as PVC, HDPE, or metal. The diameter and number of downpipes can be calculated and determined based on the catchment area of ​​the rainwater collection trough and the expected rainfall intensity. The function of the downpipe is to discharge rainwater collected in the rainwater collection trough to downstream drainage systems or rainwater storage facilities. For example, the downpipe can be directly connected to the municipal stormwater network or to a separate rainwater storage tank.

[0050] In addition, the system includes road humps at both ends of the sunken road entrance. These humps are created by locally raising the road surface elevation. The design elevation of the top of the road humps is set to be no lower than the design elevation of the top of the rain shelter structure foundation. This feature aims to form a physical barrier, effectively preventing surface runoff or accumulated water from the external area of ​​the sunken road from flowing into the sunken road during rainfall, thereby further ensuring the flood control safety of the sunken road.

[0051] This system intercepts rainfall at its source by installing rain shelters and collection structures above sunken roads, preventing rainwater from directly converging on the road surface and significantly reducing the amount of rainwater entering the sunken areas. This reduces the reliance of traditional drainage systems on underground pipe networks and pumping stations, lowers the risk of flooding caused by excessive rainfall, and ensures normal traffic flow. Simultaneously, the collected rainwater can be reused, improving the efficiency of rainwater resource utilization.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes a central fixed rain shelter member 41. The central fixed rain shelter member 41 is fixed at the longitudinal center of the canopy 3 and extends above the upper surface of the canopy 3. Rain shelter covers 4 are arranged on both lateral sides of the central fixed rain shelter member, and in the unfolded or installed state, the upper edge of the rain shelter covers is located below the central fixed rain shelter member to receive rainwater intercepted by the central fixed rain shelter member.

[0053] The central fixed rain-shielding component in this preferred embodiment primarily functions to effectively intercept and divert rainwater from the central area of ​​the roof. This component can be implemented in various forms, such as a central ridge extending longitudinally along the roof, a raised guide plate, or a trough-shaped structure fixed in the center of the roof. Material selection should consider weather resistance and corrosion resistance, such as using metals, high-strength plastics, or composite materials. The component can be fixed using welding, bolting, or integral molding with the roof, depending on the specific structure and materials.

[0054] The central fixed rain-shielding component 3 extends above the upper surface of the roof. This embodiment allows the central fixed rain-shielding component to form a physical barrier, effectively intercepting rainwater flowing towards both sides of the roof and preventing it from dripping or overflowing directly. Its top edge is higher than the upper surface of the roof by a certain height, sufficient to effectively intercept rainwater without affecting the overall structural stability.

[0055] In the unfolded or installed state, the upper edge of the rain cover is located below the central fixed rain cover component. This ensures that rainwater intercepted by the central fixed rain cover component can flow smoothly to and be caught by the rain cover component, preventing rainwater from overflowing or dripping at the connection between the component and the cover component.

[0056] By installing a central fixed rain-shielding component 41 and fixing it to the longitudinal center of the canopy 3, extending above the upper surface of the canopy, rainfall in the central area above the sunken road can be effectively intercepted. Simultaneously, since the rain-shielding covers are arranged on both sides of the central fixed rain-shielding component, with their upper edges located below the component, the rainwater intercepted by the central fixed rain-shielding component can be smoothly received and further diverted by the rain-shielding covers. This design avoids direct dripping of rainwater in the central area of ​​the canopy or splashing due to wind or other factors, significantly improving the integrity and efficiency of rainwater collection, and ensuring traffic safety and environmental cleanliness of the sunken road during rainfall.

[0057] In another preferred embodiment, a solar panel 42 is integrated on the intermediate fixed rain shelter component 41 to collect solar energy and power the facility's electrical equipment. Specifically, a solar panel is a device capable of directly converting solar energy into electrical energy, and can take various forms such as crystalline silicon solar panels or thin-film solar panels. The term "integrated" here means that the solar panel is not simply attached or superimposed on the surface of the intermediate fixed rain shelter component, but rather is an integral part of the component, forming a structural and functional whole with the component itself. For example, the solar panel can be directly used as the surface material of the intermediate fixed rain shelter component, or it can be embedded inside the component, thereby optimizing space utilization and improving the overall aesthetics and wind resistance of the system. The integrated solar panel, through its photovoltaic cell array, converts the solar radiation energy irradiated on its surface into direct current (DC) electricity, which is then converted into alternating current (AC) electricity by an inverter or stored through an energy storage system, thereby providing power to various electrical devices within the system. These electrical devices may include, but are not limited to, road lighting devices, tarpaulin motors (if the rain shelter cover is a retractable tarpaulin), water pumps and control units in rainwater purification and reuse devices, etc.

[0058] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment can solve the problems of the single function of the intermediate fixed rain shelter component and the reliance on external power for the system's electrical equipment. This technical solution enables the intermediate fixed rain shelter component not only to fulfill its original functions of rainwater interception and diversion, but also to serve as a clean energy production unit, converting solar energy into electrical energy. The generated electricity can be used directly or after energy storage to power the electrical equipment within the system, such as road lighting devices, tarpaulin motors, or rainwater purification and reuse devices. This not only fully utilizes the space and function of the intermediate fixed rain shelter component, giving it dual functions, but also significantly reduces the system's operating costs and dependence on the traditional power grid, improving the energy self-sufficiency and environmental friendliness of the entire rainwater shelter and collection system. Furthermore, through integrated design, the solar panels are integrated with the component body, helping to maintain the overall aesthetics of the system and potentially simplifying installation and maintenance.

[0059] Preferably, the foundation 1 of the rain shelter structure may include a pre-embedded or cast-in-place continuous concrete wall to block surface and underground runoff from the outer side of the sunken road. The foundation of the rain shelter structure is a key structure supporting the entire rainwater shelter and collection system, and its stability directly affects the safety and service life of the entire system. To effectively address the challenges posed by surface and underground runoff from the outer side of the sunken road, the foundation of the rain shelter structure is designed as a continuous wall structure. Specifically, a pre-embedded continuous concrete wall refers to prefabricated concrete wall units that are spliced ​​and installed on-site to form a continuous underground or semi-underground barrier. This method has high construction efficiency and the wall quality is easy to control. A cast-in-place continuous concrete wall refers to directly pouring concrete after excavating the foundation trench on-site to form a continuous wall. This method can better adapt to the site topography and geological conditions, forming a structure with stronger integrity and better seepage prevention. Whether pre-embedded or cast-in-place, the core function of this continuous wall structure is to form a strong, impermeable barrier that can effectively intercept and divert surface runoff from both sides of the sunken road, preventing it from flowing into the road interior. At the same time, its underground portion can also block the infiltration of groundwater or shallow underground runoff, preventing groundwater from eroding or uplifting the road structure, thereby ensuring the structural stability and driving safety of the sunken road.

[0060] By employing the aforementioned technical solutions, the foundation of the rain shelter structure is designed as a pre-embedded or cast-in-place continuous concrete wall. This system forms a robust and continuous underground or semi-underground barrier. This effectively addresses the potential threats posed by surface and underground runoff from both sides of sunken roads to the road structure and system stability. Specifically, the continuous wall physically intercepts and diverts surface runoff, preventing rainwater from flowing into the sunken area from both sides of the road, thereby reducing the risk of road flooding. Simultaneously, its underground portion effectively blocks groundwater infiltration and erosion, protecting the road foundation structure from long-term waterlogging damage. This significantly improves the structural stability of the entire rain shelter and collection system and the flood control capacity of sunken roads, ensuring the long-term safe operation of the road.

[0061] In practice, the rain-shielding cover 4 can take many forms, which are described in detail below:

[0062] (1) The rain cover is a retractable tarpaulin 43 (e.g. Figure 2 As shown, tarpaulin 43 is in a folded-up state, as... Figure 3 As shown, the tarpaulin is laid out, extending into the lower part of the central fixed rain-shielding member 41, and the system also includes a tarpaulin motor 44 (as shown). Figure 2 , 3 (as shown in Figure 6) and a rain sensor, the tarpaulin motor 44 controls the tarpaulin 43 to open or close based on the rain signal detected by the rain sensor (as shown in Figure 6). Figure 2 and Figure 3(As shown). Specifically, the rain cover 4 is designed as a retractable tarpaulin 43, typically made of engineering fabrics with good waterproof, UV resistance, weather resistance, and a certain degree of flexibility, such as PVC-coated polyester fiber cloth, PTFE membrane material, or high-strength acrylic fiber cloth. This retractable design allows the rain cover 4 to be unfolded or retracted according to actual needs, thereby achieving dynamic shelter for sunken roads. The tarpaulin motor is the core power component driving the unfolding and retraction of the rain cover (tarpaulin). This motor can be a tubular motor, directly integrated inside the tarpaulin roll, or connected to the tarpaulin unfolding device via a transmission mechanism such as gears, belts, or chains. Its function is to provide stable and reliable mechanical force, ensuring that the tarpaulin smoothly and effectively completes the unfolding and retraction actions. A rainfall sensor is used to monitor rainfall conditions in the environment in real time. The sensor can employ various technical principles, such as a conductive sensor based on resistance changes, where the resistance changes when rain falls on the sensing surface, generating a rainfall signal; or an optical principle, detecting rainfall by detecting changes in the refraction or reflection of light under the action of raindrops. The rainfall sensor converts the detected rainfall information into an electrical signal for processing by the control system. The mechanism by which the tarpaulin motor controls the unfolding or closing of the tarpaulin based on the rainfall signal detected by the rainfall sensor describes the system's automated control logic. When the rainfall sensor detects a rainfall signal, it transmits the signal to a control unit (such as a microcontroller or programmable logic controller). Upon receiving the rainfall signal, the control unit immediately issues a command to activate the tarpaulin motor, driving the rain cover (tarpaulin) to unfold from its retracted state, covering the sunken road to achieve the functions of rain protection and rainwater diversion. Conversely, when the rainfall sensor has not detected a rainfall signal for a period of time, the control unit determines that the rainfall has stopped and commands the tarpaulin motor to retract the rain cover (tarpaulin), exposing the sunken road to sunlight again.

[0063] Through the above technical solution, this system can intelligently adjust the state of the rain cover according to actual weather conditions. During rainfall, the rain cover (tarpaulin) automatically unfolds, effectively blocking rainwater and guiding it to the rainwater collection trough, ensuring normal passage on sunken roads and efficient rainwater collection. During non-rainy periods, the rain cover (tarpaulin) automatically retracts, avoiding continuous shading of sunken roads, thereby improving natural lighting and ventilation conditions, reducing unnecessary shaded areas, and enhancing the comfort of the road environment. This dynamic response mechanism significantly enhances the system's flexibility and practicality, optimizes infrastructure operating efficiency, and reduces the maintenance burden and energy consumption that fixed shelter structures may bring.

[0064] (2) The rain-shielding covering is a fixed awning 46 (e.g.) Figure 4 (as shown) or solar panel 42 (as shown) Figure 5As shown), a staggered paving method is used above the ceiling 3, and the ceiling 3 is a sloping or curved structure (as shown). Figure 6 (as shown); wherein, the projected overlap between adjacent panels of the canopy 46 or solar panel 42 is not less than 0.2 meters, and the vertical clear height of the overlap is not less than 0.3 meters.

[0065] In implementation, the rain-shielding covering 4 is designed as a fixed awning 46 or a solar panel 42. Fixed installation means that these coverings are permanently or semi-permanently installed on the roof, rather than being retractable or movable. As an awning, it can be made of various weather-resistant materials, such as metal plates, polycarbonate sheets, fiberglass sheets, etc., and is firmly fixed to the roof's supporting structure by bolts, clips, welding, etc., to provide long-term rain protection. If it is a solar panel, it consists of photovoltaic cell modules, providing rain protection while also collecting and utilizing solar energy.

[0066] To optimize rainwater drainage, the rain cover is laid in a staggered pattern above the canopy. This staggered pattern means the cover is not laid flat on a single plane, but rather arranged in layers and staggered positions, creating a layered structure. This is achieved by using supports or joists of different heights on the canopy's supporting structure. For example, the first layer of panels is fixed to a lower support, and the second layer is fixed to a higher support, partially covering the edge of the first layer. This design helps promote rainwater flow along specific paths, preventing large-area water accumulation.

[0067] Ceiling 3 is designed as a slope (e.g.) Figures 2 to 5 (as shown) or curved surface structure (such as) Figure 6 (As shown). A sloping or curved structure refers to a roof whose overall shape is not horizontal, but rather has a certain slope (sloping surface) or curvature (curved surface). This can be achieved by adjusting the height of the columns, the inclination angle of the roof beams, or by using a curved truss structure. Sloping structures are usually unidirectional or bidirectional, while curved structures can be arched, wave-shaped, etc. Their core function is to provide a natural slope for rainwater flow, which is the basis for efficient drainage.

[0068] To prevent rainwater leakage at the joints of the panels, specific overlap dimensions are designed between adjacent panels of the awning or solar panel. Specifically, the projected overlap between adjacent panels must be no less than 0.2 meters. Projected overlap refers to the width of the overlapping portion of two adjacent panels in a direction perpendicular to the ceiling plane. By precisely designing the panel dimensions and installation position, it is ensured that the edge of the upper panel covers the edge of the lower panel by at least 0.2 meters in its horizontal projection, effectively preventing direct rainwater dripping. Furthermore, the vertical clearance at the overlap area must be no less than 0.3 meters. Vertical clearance refers to the vertical distance between the bottom of the upper panel and the top of the lower panel in the overlap area. By ensuring sufficient vertical height difference between the supporting structures of the upper and lower panels during staggered installation, ample space is guaranteed in the overlap area. This effectively prevents rainwater from entering the lower area through capillary action or splashing, even in windy and rainy conditions or with a small amount of debris, while also facilitating maintenance and cleaning.

[0069] This embodiment designs the rain-shielding covering as a fixed-layout awning 46 or solar panel 42, employing a staggered paving method. Combined with the sloping or curved structure of the roof, this system achieves efficient and reliable rainwater diversion. The staggered paving, in conjunction with the sloping or curved structure, effectively prevents rainwater accumulation on large areas of the roof, ensuring smooth flow of rainwater to the rainwater collection trough. In particular, the projected overlap of at least 0.2 meters and the vertical clearance of at least 0.3 meters between adjacent panels greatly enhance the leak-proof performance of the overlap area, effectively preventing rainwater penetration or splashing even during heavy rainfall or windy weather, thus ensuring the integrity of rainwater collection and the long-term stability of the system. Furthermore, if solar panels are used, clean energy can be utilized while providing rain protection, improving the overall efficiency of the system.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, the system may further include a rainwater purification and reuse device. A rainwater downpipe is connected to the rainwater purification and reuse device, and the rainwater purified by the device is used to clean the rain shelter cover and / or solar panels.

[0071] The rainwater purification and reuse system is an integrated water treatment system whose main function is to treat the rainwater collected by the system to meet water quality standards suitable for cleaning rain shelter covers and / or solar panels. The system can include multiple functional units. For example, a primary filtration unit can be included to remove large particulate impurities such as leaves and silt from the rainwater; this unit can be implemented using a screen or grit chamber. Subsequently, the rainwater can enter a deep purification unit, which aims to remove suspended solids, colloids, partially dissolved organic matter, and microorganisms from the rainwater. This unit can employ sand filtration, activated carbon filtration, or membrane filtration technologies, and can be supplemented with measures such as ultraviolet disinfection to ensure the water quality meets cleaning requirements. The purified rainwater will be stored in a storage unit, such as a storage tank or reservoir, for future use. To deliver the purified water to the cleaning points, the system can also be equipped with a pressurized delivery unit, which uses pumps and pipeline systems to deliver water to the cleaning mechanisms of rain shelter covers and / or solar panels.

[0072] The rainwater downpipe serves as the primary discharge channel for collected rainwater, and its outlet is designed to connect to the inlet of the rainwater purification and reuse unit. This connection ensures that all collected rainwater is guided to the purification system for treatment, thus providing a sufficient and qualified water source for subsequent cleaning operations. In practical applications, bypasses or switching valves can be used to flexibly control whether rainwater enters the purification system or is discharged directly, adapting to different operational needs.

[0073] Rainwater purified by the rainwater purification and reuse device is mainly used for cleaning rain cover components and / or solar panels.

[0074] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves effective recycling of rainwater collected by the sunken road rain shelter and collection system. Specifically, the collected rainwater, after purification treatment, is used to clean the rain shelter covers and / or solar panels, thereby solving the problem of dust and dirt accumulation on the surface of the rain shelter covers and / or solar panels, which leads to a decline in their functionality. For example, for solar panels, regular cleaning can significantly improve their photoelectric conversion efficiency and ensure power generation. At the same time, this solution does not require additional consumption of municipal tap water or other external water sources for cleaning, significantly saving water resources and operating costs. In addition, by maintaining the cleanliness of the rain shelter covers and / or solar panels, it is possible to ensure their long-term stable performance of rain shelter, water diversion, or power generation functions, extend the service life of the equipment, and improve the overall operating efficiency and economic benefits of the system.

[0075] Preferably, the minimum cross-sectional dimensions of the rainwater collection trough are 0.5 meters wide and 1.0 meter high, and during non-rainy periods, the trough is a tarpaulin-covered storage trough that serves as a rain cover.

[0076] Specifically, the rainwater collection trough is a key component of the system used to collect rainwater diverted by the rain cover and transport it to the downpipe. Its minimum cross-sectional dimensions are set at 0.5 meters wide and 1.0 meter high, indicating a large volume and structural strength. This design not only ensures effective collection and transport of large amounts of rainwater under heavy rainfall conditions, preventing overflow, but also provides the necessary physical space for subsequent functional expansion. This dimension setting must comprehensively consider factors such as rainfall intensity, catchment area, and material strength to ensure stable operation under various conditions. Based on this, this feature describes the additional functions of the rainwater collection trough during non-rainy periods. When the rain cover uses a retractable tarp, the tarp is retracted when there is no rain or when lighting and ventilation are needed. At this time, the rainwater collection trough is designed to accommodate the retracted tarp. This means that the size and shape of the tarp, when retracted, must match the internal space of the rainwater collection trough for smooth and compact storage. This design avoids the need for a separate storage structure for the tarpaulin, enabling multifunctional components, thereby optimizing space utilization and simplifying the system structure.

[0077] Through the above embodiments, the minimum cross-sectional dimensions of the rainwater collection trough are designed to be 0.5 meters wide and 1.0 meter high, and it also serves as a storage trough for rain-shielding coverings (when they are tarpaulins) during non-rainy periods. This application effectively solves the storage problem of retractable tarpaulins in non-working states. This integrated design ensures that the tarpaulin is properly protected inside the rainwater collection trough when retracted, avoiding wear and aging caused by environmental factors such as wind and sun, thus extending the tarpaulin's service life. Simultaneously, since the rainwater collection trough itself is an essential component of the system, extending its function to a tarpaulin storage trough avoids the need for an additional independent storage mechanism, thereby significantly saving system space, reducing the complexity of the overall structure, and decreasing material costs and installation and maintenance difficulties. This design fully utilizes existing components, achieves functional integration, and improves the system's economy and practicality.

[0078] In one embodiment, the system further includes: a road lighting device 7 (such as...) Figure 5 and 6 As shown, the road lighting device 7 is powered by solar energy supplied by solar panels, with mains power as a backup power source.

[0079] Road lighting fixtures (7) refer to equipment used to provide illumination for sunken roads and their surrounding areas. These fixtures typically include a light source, a lamp housing, a bracket, and necessary electrical control components. They can take various forms, such as LED lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps, or metal halide lamps, and can be installed on ceilings, pillars, or other structural components to ensure uniform light distribution, improve visibility at night or in low-light conditions, thereby ensuring traffic safety and pedestrian comfort.

[0080] The road lighting system is powered by solar panels, which convert solar radiation into electrical energy, serving as the primary power source for the lighting. Specifically, the solar panels convert sunlight into direct current (DC), which then charges a battery via a charge controller, storing the energy. When the lighting system needs to operate, the battery supplies power either through an inverter (if the system requires AC) or directly (if the system requires DC). This power supply method fully utilizes renewable energy and reduces reliance on the traditional power grid. A backup power source, the mains grid, automatically switches to power when the solar power supply is insufficient to meet the lighting system's needs. This is typically achieved through a power management module or an automatic transfer switch. This module continuously monitors the output status of the solar power, such as the battery charge level or the solar panel output. If insufficient solar power is detected, the system automatically and seamlessly switches to mains power, ensuring the continuity and stability of the road lighting and preventing lighting interruptions due to insufficient or faulty solar power.

[0081] Through the above technical solution, the road lighting system prioritizes solar power supplied by solar panels, significantly reducing reliance on traditional mains electricity and thus effectively reducing system energy consumption and long-term operating costs. Simultaneously, using mains electricity as a backup power source ensures that road lighting continues to operate stably and continuously in situations of insufficient solar power generation (such as at night or on cloudy / rainy days) or when the solar system malfunctions, avoiding safety hazards caused by lighting interruptions. This hybrid power supply mode not only enhances the system's energy self-sufficiency and environmental friendliness but also greatly strengthens the reliability and resilience of the lighting system, providing continuous, efficient, and economical lighting for sunken roads.

[0082] Preferably, the top elevation Z of the foundation and road hump 顶 Satisfy: Z 顶 ≥ Z 设 + R + e; where: Z 设 The design flood level is in meters; R is wave run-up in meters; and e is freeboard in meters, typically 0.5 meters.

[0083] The top elevation Z of the foundation and road hump 顶 This refers to the highest design elevation of the rain shelter's foundation and the road hump. In sunken road environments, this elevation directly affects the system's flood resistance and structural stability during high water levels. It is typically ensured through elevation control during civil construction, such as strictly adhering to the elevation requirements in the design drawings during concrete pouring or structural installation. Design flood level Z 设Wave run-up (R) refers to the highest flood level that a region may encounter within a specific design return period. This parameter is a key indicator in hydraulic engineering and flood control design, and is usually determined based on historical hydrological data, regional hydrological model analysis, and flood control standards. Its unit is meters, representing the potential flood threat height. Wave run-up (R) refers to the maximum height a wave, generated by wind or water flow disturbance, rises to when it encounters a structure. For sunken roads, especially in areas prone to large water surfaces or wind influence, wave run-up is an additional water depth that needs to be considered to prevent waves from overrunning protective structures. Its unit is meters, and it is usually calculated using hydrodynamic models or empirical formulas. Safety freeboard (e) is an additional safety margin reserved above the design flood level and wave run-up. The purpose of setting safety freeboard is to address uncertainties in design parameters, construction errors, exacerbation of extreme weather events, and potential settlement during long-term operation, ensuring the system remains safe even under the most unfavorable conditions. Its unit is meters, and the specific value is usually determined based on the project's importance, risk assessment, and relevant specifications. Formula Z 顶 ≥ Z 设 +R + e defines the minimum requirements for the foundation elevation of the rain shelter structure and the top elevation of the road hump. It superimposes three key parameters—design flood level, wave run-up, and safety freeboard—to determine a comprehensive protection elevation. By satisfying this formula, it can be ensured that the top elevation of the system's critical structures is above the highest possible water level when encountering a design flood event, thereby effectively avoiding submersion and ensuring the system's functionality and structural safety.

[0084] This technical solution will determine the elevation Z of the foundation of the rain shelter structure and the top of the road hump. 顶 Set to be no lower than the design flood level Z 设 The sum of wave run-up (R) and safety superelevation (e) ensures that the system's critical structures, particularly the foundations of the rain shelters and the road humps, can effectively withstand high water levels during extreme rainfall or flooding events. This precise engineering elevation design fully considers potential flood risks, water level fluctuations, and necessary safety margins, significantly enhancing the flood control capabilities and structural stability of the entire rainwater shelter and harvesting system. The system is no longer prone to failure or damage due to high water levels, guaranteeing safe passage for sunken roads in adverse weather conditions and the continued effectiveness of rainwater harvesting. It avoids system interruptions and maintenance costs caused by flooding, improving the system's reliability and durability. Preferred embodiment

[0085] This embodiment provides a rainwater collection and drainage system for sunken roads, which is described in detail below.

[0086] In related technologies, the design of rainwater harvesting and drainage for sunken roads generally adopts a passive approach. For example, after rainwater falls on the road surface, it is collected and discharged through facilities such as road inlets, rainwater pipes, and drainage pumping stations. Essentially, it involves channeling rainfall to the lowest point of the sunken road, releasing its potential energy, and then pumping it out. With the increasing standards of drainage design, this passive approach significantly increases the investment, scale, land occupation, and electricity demand for drainage projects. For sunken road projects with limited land, budgets, and insufficient power supply, these technologies are often insufficient to meet the requirements.

[0087] This embodiment employs an active design approach to collect road runoff. Firstly, it intercepts rainfall above the road, preventing it from directly converging on the sunken road surface, thus eliminating the need for pumping stations to lift and drain the runoff. Simultaneously, interception and rain-shielding structures are installed on both sides or above the road, along with diversion channels and rainwater pipes, to directly guide rainwater that hasn't reached the ground into downstream systems such as water storage modules or purification facilities. This technical solution not only significantly reduces road runoff and alleviates the operational pressure on sunken road drainage systems, but also achieves in-situ collection and utilization of rainwater resources. Furthermore, it incorporates solar energy collection capabilities, improving traffic comfort and reducing energy consumption. While effectively preventing flooding in sunken roads, it also further reduces carbon emissions.

[0088] Relying on intelligent sensing and automatic control modules, the system can automatically control the opening and closing of rain shelter components based on preset conditions, such as weather conditions, thereby further improving the system's adaptability and operational efficiency. Through the installation of integrated photovoltaic panels and energy storage devices, the rain shelter structure can achieve energy self-sufficiency, providing power for ancillary facilities such as lighting, monitoring, rainwater purification, and reuse, thus enhancing the level of road intelligence. The system can also link with meteorological forecast data to adjust the rain shelter status in advance and optimize operational strategies.

[0089] The rainwater sheltering and collection method provided in this embodiment can be applied to low-lying road sections such as sunken roads, underground passages and tunnel entrances and exits. In the current context of frequent extreme weather, it effectively enhances the risk resistance of urban infrastructure and has significant environmental, social and economic benefits.

[0090] In this embodiment, the rainwater shelter and collection method includes a rain shelter structure that can be arranged on both sides of a sunken road. In implementation, a pre-embedded or cast-in-place continuous concrete wall can be used, giving the rain shelter structure good stability and durability. It should be noted that the rain shelter structure can cover the entire length of the sunken road, for example, the area between the humps at both ends of the road.

[0091] In implementation, the top elevation of the rain shelter structure can be determined using the following formula:

[0092] ;in:

[0093] Z 顶 The top elevation of the base is in meters (m). The preset flood level is in meters (m); R is the wave run-up in meters (m); e is the safety freeboard in meters (0.5m).

[0094] The base of the foundation can be determined through calculations using a corresponding retaining wall. If the groundwater level is higher than the designed road surface, it should be integrated with the road surface structure to form a U-shaped channel, preventing groundwater intrusion into the sunken road. The design height of the road hump should not be lower than the design height of the foundation of the rain shelter structure.

[0095] In the design of a hump road, the longitudinal section is raised above the ground level to form the road hump. The method for determining the minimum design elevation of its top is the same as that for the top elevation of the rain shelter foundation. The height requirement is intended to resist water accumulation on the outside of the hump road and prevent water from flowing into the hump road.

[0096] The building clearance of rain shelters should strictly comply with the specific provisions on building clearance and clearance section in the "Detailed Rules for Design of Highway Tunnels".

[0097] The awning columns should be arranged in a spaced-out manner, with openwork between the columns to improve lighting efficiency and ventilation.

[0098] The tarpaulin motor is automatically controlled; it automatically starts unfolding the tarpaulin when the rain sensor detects rainfall. Alternatively, the tarpaulin can be fixed in place, in which case a tarpaulin motor is not required.

[0099] The minimum cross-sectional dimensions of the rainwater collection trough are 0.5 meters wide and 1.0 meter high. It is arranged longitudinally along the rain shelter, with the same length as the rain shelter. When there is no rain, the tarpaulin can be stored in the trough, at which time it also functions as a tarpaulin storage trough.

[0100] The tarpaulin material must be suitable for long-term outdoor use; transparent materials are recommended. When unfolded, its top should be positioned below the central fixed rain shelter to ensure that rainwater runoff intercepted by the shelter can be smoothly channeled to the tarpaulin surface. Fixed installation is also an option, in which case solar panels can be selected according to actual needs.

[0101] Rainwater downpipes can be installed at intervals based on flow calculation results. They use the height difference of the rainwater collection trough to create pressure to discharge rainwater, and can be connected to rainwater collection facilities or other downstream systems downstream.

[0102] The roof structure can be designed with a sloping or curved surface to support its own weight and the weight of the rain cover; the structure adopts a hollow design to facilitate ventilation and lighting.

[0103] The centrally fixed rain shelter is located in the center of the canopy and is raised above the canopy structure, ensuring ample natural lighting while effectively promoting air circulation. It can be made of solar panels for collecting solar energy to power the canopy's motor, monitoring, lighting, and other equipment; alternatively, other materials (such as the same material as the canopy) can be used.

[0104] The road lighting design for the rain shelter section must comply with the requirements of the "Urban Road Lighting Design Standard", "Highway Lighting Technical Conditions" and "Highway Tunnel Lighting Design Details". The power supply can be the solar power supply that is matched with the rain shelter, with the mains power as a backup power supply.

[0105] The solar panel cleaning device utilizes purified rainwater to construct a dedicated water spray system, which regularly washes the solar panels, effectively ensuring the efficiency of solar power generation. Even without solar panels installed, the water spray can still clean the surface of the awning, keeping its exterior surface clean.

[0106] Through the above embodiments and their preferred embodiments, the method provided in this application has the following technical effects:

[0107] This involves changing the design approach of rainwater shelter and collection methods in related technologies to address industry pain points.

[0108] According to the Beijing local standard "Design Standard for Stormwater Runoff in Urban Stormwater System Planning and Design," the design return period for stormwater pipes (including pumping stations) at sunken grade-separated intersections is 10 to 30 years, a significant increase compared to the previous standard. This upgrade in drainage standards directly leads to a simultaneous increase in the scale and investment of drainage pumping stations. If land is scarce on both sides of the road, it is difficult to establish pumping stations. For projects with poor power supply conditions, the investment in electricity is relatively large.

[0109] The method provided in this application eliminates the need for large-scale drainage facilities such as pumping stations, thus avoiding the problem of rainwater directly flowing into sunken areas of roads at the source and eliminating the need for power facilities to discharge rainwater runoff from sunken areas. Furthermore, this method fully considers ventilation and lighting needs, will not significantly impact traffic, and does not require meeting the special requirements of design codes for fully enclosed structures (such as fire protection, ventilation, and escape facilities).

[0110] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rainwater shelter and collection system for sunken roads, characterized in that, include: The foundation of the rain shelter structure is set on both sides of the sunken road and extends longitudinally along the sunken road, covering the entire length of the sunken road; Multiple columns are installed on the foundation of the rain shelter structure to support the roof; The canopy is erected on top of the plurality of columns; A rain cover is installed above the canopy to shield the sunken road from rainfall and to divert the rainwater. A rainwater collection trough is provided on the side of the canopy and extends longitudinally along the recessed road to collect the rainwater diverted by the rain cover. A rainwater downpipe, connected to the rainwater collection tank, is used to discharge the rainwater collected by the rainwater collection tank downstream; The system also has road humps at both ends of the sunken road entrance, and the design elevation of the top of the road humps is not lower than the design elevation of the top of the foundation of the rain shelter structure.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A central fixed rain shelter component is fixed at the longitudinal center of the canopy and extends above the upper surface of the canopy. Rain shelter covers are arranged on both sides of the central fixed rain shelter component, and in the unfolded or installed state, the upper edge of the rain shelter covers is located below the central fixed rain shelter component to receive the rainwater intercepted by the central fixed rain shelter component.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intermediate fixed rainproof component is equipped with a solar panel for collecting solar energy and powering the facility's electrical equipment.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The foundation of the rain shelter structure includes a pre-embedded or cast-in-place continuous concrete wall to block surface and underground runoff on the outer side of the sunken road.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rain-shielding cover is a retractable tarpaulin. The system also includes a tarpaulin motor and a rain sensor. The tarpaulin motor controls the tarpaulin to unfold or close based on the rain signal detected by the rain sensor.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rain-shielding covering is a fixed awning or solar panel, and is laid in a staggered manner above the canopy. The canopy is a sloping or curved structure. Wherein, the projected overlap between adjacent panels of the canopy or the solar panel shall not be less than 0.2 meters, and the vertical clear height of the overlap shall not be less than 0.3 meters.

7. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Also includes: A rainwater purification and reuse device is provided, wherein the rainwater downpipe is connected to the rainwater purification and reuse device, and the rainwater purified by the rainwater purification and reuse device is used to clean the rain cover and / or solar panels.

8. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The minimum cross-sectional dimensions of the rainwater collection trough are 0.5 meters wide and 1.0 meter high. During non-rainy periods, it serves as a storage trough for the tarpaulin used as the rain-shielding covering.

9. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The road lighting device is powered by solar energy supplied by the solar panels, with mains power as a backup power source.

10. The system according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The elevation Z of the foundation of the rain shelter structure and the top of the road hump 顶 satisfy: in: The design flood level is in meters; R is wave run-up in meters; and e is the freeboard.

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