Automatic uplink system for observing celestial satellite opportunity targets based on beidou short message

Abstract

The application discloses an astronomical satellite opportunity target observation automatic uplink system based on a Beidou short message, which comprises an opportunity target observation application receiving and automatic scientific plan making module, an opportunity target observation application receiving module, a scientific observation plan generating module, and an observation constraint checking module; a payload work plan making module based on a message trigger, a payload control plan generating module, a satellite usage constraint rule verifying module, a Beidou uplink state available adding module, an opportunity target observation instruction processing module, a payload control plan acquiring and processing module, an opportunity target observation instruction generating module, a plan and parameter legality verifying module, and a payload control instruction generating module; and a Beidou short message opportunity target observation instruction sending and control module, which is used for realizing accurate sending of the opportunity target observation instruction in the form of a Beidou short message through an interactive interpretation strategy and a three-level resending strategy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automated operation and control technology of astronomical satellites, and particularly relates to an automatic uplink system for observing opportunistic targets by astronomical satellites based on BeiDou short messages. Background Technology

[0002] Target of Opportunity (ToO) observations by astronomical satellites are a core observational mode for addressing random, transient, and scientifically valuable astronomical events in the universe. Targets of opportunity refer to sudden, unpredictable astronomical events of significant scientific value that cannot be incorporated into regular satellite observation plans. These events require real-time triggering, rapid response, and dynamic adjustment of mission planning.

[0003] Common types of ToO (Too-Op) events include: high-energy burst phenomena, such as gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and X-ray bursts, which reveal the late stages of stellar evolution (formation of black holes / neutron stars) and the early structure of the universe. The response time of these opportunistic targets is generally on the order of milliseconds to hours (e.g., the rapid decay of GRB afterglow); multi-messenger events, such as gravitational wave electromagnetic counterparts and neutron star mergers, which verify general relativity and explore extreme physical conditions, with a response time on the order of minutes to hours (the electromagnetic counterpart needs to be located quickly after a gravitational wave event); transient and variable sources, such as supernova explosions and tidal disruption events (TDEs), which are used to study stellar death mechanisms and the activity of black holes at the center of galaxies, with a response time on the order of hours to days (the peak brightness of a supernova lasts for several days); and special celestial activities, such as comet impacts and close flybys of asteroids, which are used to study solar system dynamics and planetary defense early warning, with a response time on the order of days (some events can be warned several days in advance).

[0004] The core contradiction in ToO observation is the conflict between "event randomness" and "limitations of satellite-to-ground uplink resources".

[0005] Conventional ToO observation commands are transmitted via Telemetry, Tracking and Telecommunications (TT&C) systems or Relay Satellite Systems (TDRS). TT&C systems are limited by ground station deployment, resulting in response times often exceeding several hours. Relay Satellite Systems rely on deploying geostationary relay satellites, which is extremely costly. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and propose an automatic uplink system for astronomical satellite opportunistic target observation based on the BeiDou short message service. This system achieves automated response for astronomical opportunistic target observation based on my country's BeiDou Short Message Service (RSMC) system. Leveraging the all-weather support capability of the BeiDou short message service improves the timeliness of astronomical opportunistic target observation while significantly reducing satellite-to-ground communication costs.

[0007] In view of this, the present invention proposes an automatic uplink system for astronomical satellite opportunistic target observation based on BeiDou short message service, comprising: The Opportunity Target Observation Application Reception and Automated Scientific Plan Formulation Module is used to receive opportunity target observation applications, generate scientific observation plans after passing format checks, and perform observation constraint checks. The message-triggered payload work plan formulation module is used to generate a payload control plan based on the scientific observation plan. After the plan is verified by the satellite usage constraint rules, the uplink business process is initiated, and the BeiDou uplink status is automatically determined. If the link is available, the BeiDou uplink identifier is added to the information to be formulated. The opportunity target observation instruction processing module is used to acquire and process the payload control plan, generate opportunity target observation instructions, and verify the legality of the plan and parameters. Upon successful verification, it generates the payload control instructions. The BeiDou short message opportunity target observation command transmission and control module is used to accurately send opportunity target observation commands in the form of BeiDou short messages through interactive interpretation strategy and three-level retransmission strategy.

[0008] As an improvement to the above system, the Opportunity Target Observation Application Reception and Automated Scientific Planning Module supports submitting opportunity target observation applications through both software pages and APIs. The generation of the scientific observation plan and the verification of observational constraints specifically include: Calculate the target visibility based on the observation time and target location in the opportunity target observation application, and further calculate the visible period based on on-orbit operation constraints; Based on the observation duration of the opportunity target observation, determine the start and end times of the observation, calculate the satellite observation attitude, and generate a scientific observation plan; The constraints for on-orbit operation include at least the following: solar avoidance angle constraints, lunar avoidance angle constraints, sunsun mirror reflection constraints, South Atlantic anomaly constraints, and the angle between the payload's field of view and the bright Earth.

[0009] As an improvement to the above system, the satellite usage constraint rule verification performed by the message-triggered payload work plan formulation module specifically includes: action time interval verification, payload control command volume verification, command conflict verification, and payload usage constraint verification.

[0010] As an improvement to the above system, the processing procedure of the opportunity target observation instruction processing module specifically includes: Upon receiving notification that the payload control plan has been completed, the payload control plan is automatically processed, a payload action sequence is generated, the legality of the payload actions is verified, and payload instruction data is generated based on the predefined mapping definition between payload actions and instruction templates for the verified payload action sequence. For astronomical satellite opportunity target observation processing, platform commands that drive the satellite platform to point at the target and payload commands that configure payload parameters are generated; based on the BeiDou uplink identifier in the payload control plan, control commands in the form of BeiDou short messages are generated, which are multi-batch uplink command short messages conforming to the BeiDou system data format.

[0011] As an improvement to the above system, the BeiDou short message opportunity target observation command control module extracts a batch of BeiDou short messages, determines the corresponding terminal of the BeiDou interactive system by judging the communication identifier of the command, and prioritizes the selection of a pre-configured communication link for uplink transmission. If the current path is unavailable or the transmission failure reaches the configuration limit, another link is switched for uplink transmission; if neither is available, an error log is recorded and a voice alarm is issued.

[0012] As an improvement to the above system, the interactive interpretation strategy includes: Handshake response with the BeiDou interactive system, batch upload confirmation, and final uplink status judgment; among which, The interactive interpretation strategy for the handshake response is as follows: The BeiDou short message opportunity target observation command transmission and control module first sends a handshake message. After receiving feedback from the BeiDou interactive system, the BeiDou short messages of batch i are divided into N messages. The messages are sent one by one. After receiving feedback confirmation information for each message, the next message is sent. After receiving N feedback confirmation information, the short message end message of batch i is sent. The interaction is completed after the BeiDou short message opportunity target observation command transmission and control module receives the end message feedback confirmation information. The interactive interpretation strategy for batch uplink confirmation is as follows: After the BeiDou interactive system receives the complete BeiDou short message for batch i, it performs the operation of sending the uplink short message for batch i to the satellite. After successful transmission, the BeiDou interactive system feeds back the information that batch i was successfully sent, thus realizing the small loop confirmation. After the BeiDou short message opportunity target observation command control module receives the information that batch i was successfully sent, it starts the configured guarding duration according to the large loop ratio. The interactive interpretation strategy for determining the final uplink status is as follows: within the protection period of the large ring comparison configuration, if the Beidou short message opportunity target observation command transmission and control module receives complete large ring feedback information of batch i sent by the satellite system via the satellite interaction system, then batch i Beidou short message transmission is successful; otherwise, retransmission is performed according to the three-retransmission strategy.

[0013] As an improvement to the above system, the three-level resend strategy includes: The first-level retransmission strategy is for data frames, which only involves the ground link. When a single short message is sent by the Beidou short message opportunity target observation command transmission and control module and no feedback is received within a set time, the message is immediately retransmitted. The second level is the small loop comparison, which only involves the ground link. After the Beidou short message opportunity target observation command control module sends out batch i uplink short messages, if no small loop confirmation feedback is received, the batch of Beidou short messages will be resent. The third level is the large-scale comparison, which involves the satellite-to-ground communication path. When the target observation command sending and control module based on Beidou short message fails to receive feedback information or the received feedback information is incomplete within the large-scale comparison configuration protection period.

[0014] As an improvement to the above system, the three-level resending strategy also includes: setting a configuration limit for each level of resending; when the configuration limit is exceeded, the Beidou short message opportunity target observation command transmission and control module will switch to another link; if neither is available, an error log will be recorded and a voice alarm will be issued.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: 1. The timeliness of rapid response to astronomical satellite opportunistic target observations has been greatly improved. This invention utilizes the general functionality of BeiDou short message service to meet the need for rapid response in astronomical satellite target observation, significantly improving response time compared to the traditional method of using uplink commands from the telemetry and control system.

[0016] The uplink command for astronomical satellite opportunity target observation via the telemetry and control system is typically delayed by 12 hours due to factors such as the location of ground stations. However, through the application of this invention in the already launched Sino-French Astronomical Satellite (SVOM) and Einstein Probe (EP) missions, the uplink delay is reduced to less than 1 hour, and can be as fast as less than 5 minutes.

[0017] 2. The uplink efficiency of astronomical satellite opportunistic target observation has been greatly improved. Command uploading using telemetry and control systems or relay satellites requires being carried out within the specified telemetry and control plan time period. However, this invention can achieve 24 / 7 / 24 command uploading for opportunistic target observation.

[0018] 3. Can be extended to emergency telemetry and control processing for near-Earth satellites. This invention is mainly aimed at the emergency response needs of astronomical satellite opportunistic target observation. Its emergency response capability can also be applied to the emergency telemetry and control of conventional satellites. Therefore, this invention can serve as a reference for near-Earth satellite emergency telemetry and control systems based on BeiDou short messages. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1This is a functional diagram of the automatic uplink system for astronomical satellite opportunity target observation based on BeiDou short message service; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the automatic uplink process for observing astronomical satellite opportunity targets based on BeiDou short message service; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the fully automated processing from application to upload of astronomical satellite opportunity target observations; Figure 4 It is the design of an interactive interpretation strategy for the short message uploading process; Figure 5 It is a three-level short message resending strategy design. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The Automated Uplink System for Astronomical Satellite Opportunity Observation Targets Based on BeiDou Short Message Service utilizes the BeiDou short message communication function of my country's BeiDou Navigation Satellite System to achieve all-weather uplink of astronomical satellite opportunity target observation commands. The system design incorporates fully automated processing throughout the entire process. Addressing the need for rapid response from space astronomical satellites to various randomly occurring astronomical opportunity target observations, a fully automated and highly reliable system was designed based on the BeiDou short message communication network, encompassing the entire chain from application confirmation and processing verification to launch control and satellite deployment.

[0021] The main requirements of the system include: Automated reception of ToO observation requests In astronomical satellite engineering, opportunistic target observation requests are submitted by the scientific team to the satellite operation and control center for processing and uplink. To achieve rapid uplink of observation requests, automated support for obtaining and verifying these requests is needed.

[0022] Unmanned mission planning and command processing For an astronomical satellite observation application to be successfully uploaded to a satellite, its feasibility must first be determined, and the execution time and duration must be determined based on various constraints, generating a ToO (To-O) scientific observation plan, i.e., the mission planning process. Mission planning needs to consider the influence of various factors, including the satellite's flight position, satellite attitude, the position of the observed celestial body, solar avoidance angle constraints, lunar avoidance angle constraints, and the time period during which the satellite passes through the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA).

[0023] Based on the format definition of satellite command data, the ToO scientific observation plan is processed to generate satellite command codes, which is the command processing process.

[0024] To automate the uplink of ToO observation requests, the task planning and command processing need to be automated without human intervention, while ensuring the correctness of the commands.

[0025] Automated access to the BeiDou short message system In order to provide uplink of all-weather ToO observation commands, this invention needs to focus on the interface with the BeiDou short message system and design an automated access method.

[0026] Reliable command uplink control The reliability of command uplink is the foundation for ensuring that observation requests are executed correctly and is also a guarantee for the safety of satellites in orbit. The operation and control center needs to design and verify the reliability of command uplink via Beidou short message.

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] Example Based on the above requirements, embodiments of the present invention propose an automatic uplink system for astronomical satellite opportunity target observation based on BeiDou short message service, which is described in detail below.

[0029] 1) Functional Components of the Automatic Uplink System for Astronomical Satellite Opportunity Target Observation Based on BeiDou Short Message Service like Figure 1 As shown, the main functional modules of the automatic uplink system for astronomical satellite opportunity target observation based on BeiDou short message include: opportunity target observation application reception and automated scientific plan formulation module, message-triggered payload work plan formulation module, opportunity target observation command processing module, and opportunity target observation command issuance and control module based on BeiDou short message.

[0030] (1) The Opportunity Target Observation Application Reception and Automated Scientific Planning Module is responsible for receiving opportunity target observation applications submitted by scientific teams, performing format checks on the observation applications, and generating scientific observation plans. At the same time as generating the scientific observation plans, observation constraint checks are performed. Scientific observation plans that pass the checks are sent to the payload work plan development module. For those that fail the checks, the information is fed back to the scientific team. The entire process is automated and requires no human intervention.

[0031] Specifically, this includes: in terms of automated processing, providing support for submitting astronomical satellite ToO observation applications through both software pages and APIs; performing format checks on submitted ToO observation applications, and automatically approving ToO observation applications that conform to the interface agreement, without requiring human intervention; In terms of scientific planning and observation constraint verification, scientific observation plans are generated according to the requirements of the ToO (To-O) planning and the satellite's on-orbit operational constraints. The process includes: calculating target visibility based on the observation time and target location in the ToO observation request; further calculating the visible period based on the on-orbit operational constraints; determining the start and end times of the observation based on the requested observation duration; calculating the satellite's observation attitude; and generating the scientific plan. On-orbit operational constraints include: solar avoidance angle constraints, lunar avoidance angle constraints, sunsun mirror reflection constraints, South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) constraints, and the angle constraint between the payload's field of view and the bright Earth, etc.

[0032] (2) Message-triggered payload work plan formulation module Upon receiving the scientific plan message, a satellite payload control plan is generated based on the satellite scientific observation plan. The plan's correctness and feasibility are verified using satellite usage constraint rules. After passing the verification, the payload control plan is stored in the database, and the uplink business process is initiated to drive subsequent business operations. In automatic mode, the BeiDou uplink status is automatically determined. If the BeiDou uplink is available, a BeiDou uplink identifier is added to the information to be compiled.

[0033] Specifically, in terms of automated processing, upon receiving a ToO scientific plan message, the scientific observation plan is parsed and stored in a database for subsequent processing. Simultaneously, the availability of the BeiDou short message link is checked. If the BeiDou short message link is available, the scientific observation plan is automatically processed to generate a payload control plan. The payload control plan undergoes satellite usage constraint rule verification, including verification of action time intervals, payload control command volume, command conflicts, and payload usage constraints. The constraint-verified payload control plan is then stored in the database.

[0034] (3) Opportunity Target Observation Instruction Processing Module Receive the payload control plan completion notification, acquire and process the satellite payload control plan, generate the command action sequence and verify the legality of the plan and parameters. After the verification is passed, generate the satellite payload control command and save the result into the database.

[0035] Specifically, this includes: upon receiving notification of the completion of the payload control plan, automatically processing the payload control plan, generating a payload action sequence, verifying the legality of the payload actions, and generating payload command data based on the predefined mapping between payload actions and command templates after verification. For ToO observation, it generates platform commands to drive the satellite platform to the target and payload commands to configure payload parameters. Based on the BeiDou uplink identifier in the payload control plan, it processes and generates control commands in the form of BeiDou short messages, which are multi-batch uplink command short messages conforming to the BeiDou system data format.

[0036] (4) Target observation command control module based on Beidou short message This module consists of BeiDou short message transmission packet generation, BeiDou short message transmission control, and BeiDou short message transmission control record management. The BeiDou short message transmission packet generation module adds packet control information to uplink command short messages to form short message transmission packets, which are used for transmission with the BeiDou interactive system. Through the BeiDou interactive system and the BeiDou navigation system, satellite and payload commands are sent to in-orbit space astronomical satellites in the form of short messages. The BeiDou transmission control record management module is responsible for recording, querying, and displaying information such as the transmission time, transmission channel, and short message content of BeiDou short messages.

[0037] 2) Flowchart of the Automatic Uplink System for Astronomical Satellite Opportunity Target Observation Based on BeiDou Short Message Service like Figure 2 As shown, the automatic uplink process for astronomical satellite opportunity target observation based on BeiDou short message service mainly includes three parts: processing, verification, and BeiDou short message transmission and control.

[0038] The processing flow processes the input opportunity target observation application to generate the final uplink command. The processing includes generating a scientific observation plan based on the opportunity target observation application, generating a payload control plan based on the scientific observation plan as input, and generating the opportunity target observation command based on the payload control plan as input.

[0039] The verification process includes verifying the application for observation of opportunistic targets, verifying the constraints of the scientific observation plan, verifying the constraints of the payload work plan, verifying the format of the observation instructions for opportunistic targets, and also determining the availability of the BeiDou uplink channel.

[0040] The BeiDou short message transmission and control process establishes a reliable business layer transmission mechanism with the BeiDou interactive system to ensure that commands are correctly transmitted to satellites via the BeiDou interactive system.

[0041] The entire system design embodies the following core invention points: 1) The entire process from ToO observation request to uploading is designed to be fully automated, ensuring the timeliness of observation request implementation. After receiving a ToO (Objective-to-Op) observation request, the system automatically initiates the planning process, performs safety constraint checks such as observation direction, and, upon successful checks, compiles a control plan. Then, based on the control plan, it generates instructions to inject data, packages the data according to the BeiDou communication protocol, and automatically uploads it to the satellite via the BeiDou interactive system. Once the satellite receives the complete ToO observation instructions, it begins executing the opportunistic target observation mission. The ToO application and upload process is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0042] During the automatic uplink BeiDou short message transmission control, the program automatically extracts a batch of short messages, determines the communication identifier of the command (BeiDou Interactive System Terminal A, BeiDou Interactive System Terminal B), and prioritizes the communication link pre-configured by the algorithm for uplink transmission. If the current channel is unavailable or the transmission failure reaches the configuration limit, it switches to another link for uplink transmission. If neither is available, an error log is recorded and a voice alarm is issued to remind the on-duty personnel to carry out manual handling operations and use other channels for uplink transmission.

[0043] 2) Design of inter-system interaction interpretation strategies to ensure business accuracy. The inter-system interaction interpretation strategy is designed in three layers, and the interaction interpretation process is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the specific descriptions of the interaction and interpretation strategies at each layer are as follows: Command issuance and control and BeiDou interaction system handshake and response design: The interaction strategy is that for each short message sent to the BeiDou interaction system, a response confirmation message will be received. In terms of business operations, a pre-send handshake, batch sending, and send / receive confirmation ensure the sending end completes the process. 1) Before business data interaction, a pre-send handshake message is sent. After receiving feedback from the BeiDou interaction system, the sending of short message information begins; 2) N short messages of batch i are sent in batches. Each short message needs to receive a receive confirmation message from the BeiDou interaction system; 3) After the batch sending is completed, a BeiDou short message sending end message is sent. After receiving feedback from the BeiDou interaction system, the interaction is complete.

[0044] Command issuance and control and BeiDou system batch uploading confirmation design: After the BeiDou interactive system receives the complete batch i short message information, it starts to execute the operation of sending batch i uplink short messages to the satellite. After successful transmission, it sends back short message batch i transmission success information (small loop confirmation). After receiving the batch i transmission success information, the command issuance and control starts to wait for the short message batch i large loop information according to the large loop comparison configuration guard duration. The design for determining the final status of the uplink command control is as follows: Within the configured time limit for the large-loop comparison feedback, the command waits to receive and process the large-loop feedback information of batch i from the satellite feedback relayed by the satellite BeiDou interactive system. If the large-loop information is received and complete, the uplink BeiDou short message for batch i is successfully sent. If the large-loop feedback information is not received or is incomplete, the retransmission strategy is followed.

[0045] 3) Short message resending strategy to ensure timely and complete business operations. Because the uplink path involves uncertainties in satellite-to-ground communication, the business logic design is based on the assumption of unreliable uplink protocols to ensure service integrity and timeliness. Different levels of data judgment and retransmission strategies are designed to address uplink path anomalies, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0046] The first-level retransmission strategy mainly targets data frames and only involves ground links. It is mainly for situations where the data interaction of a single short message is abnormal. If no feedback is received within a set time (default configuration time limit of 0.5 seconds), the message will be retransmitted immediately.

[0047] The second level is the small-loop comparison, which only involves the ground link. The judgment condition is receiving the batch i small-loop acknowledgment of the short message successfully sent by the BeiDou interactive system. If it is not received, it is resent according to the batch. The third level is the large-loop comparison, which involves the satellite-to-ground communication path. The judgment condition is whether the short message batch i short message large-loop receipt information and its completeness have been received from the satellite.

[0048] If no feedback is received from the satellite after sending a BeiDou short message, a mechanism of retransmitting all short messages will be adopted to ensure that the satellite receives complete command data. For short messages that have been sent and received a satellite feedback receipt, but whose processing and parsing feedback indicates an incomplete status, batch i is used to resend the missing short message information.

[0049] Whether the transmission via channel A or channel B is successful, the uplink short message of this ToO observation command is successful. If both channel A and channel B fail to transmit, the uplink short message of this ToO observation command fails, and the BeiDou command transmission and control software will issue a reminder for manual handling.

[0050] It is worth noting that in the embodiments of the above system, the modules included are divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above division, as long as the corresponding functions can be achieved; in addition, the specific names of each functional module are only for easy distinction between each other and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A short message based on the opportunity of astronomical satellite target observation automatic uplink system, characterized in that, include: The Opportunity Target Observation Application Reception and Automated Scientific Plan Formulation Module is used to receive opportunity target observation applications, generate scientific observation plans after passing format checks, and perform observation constraint checks. The message-triggered payload work plan formulation module is used to generate a payload control plan based on the scientific observation plan. After the plan is verified by the satellite usage constraint rules, the uplink business process is initiated, and the BeiDou uplink status is automatically determined. If the link is available, the BeiDou uplink identifier is added to the information to be formulated. The opportunity target observation instruction processing module is used to acquire and process the payload control plan, generate opportunity target observation instructions, and perform legality verification of the plan and parameters. After verification, the payload control instructions are generated. and The BeiDou short message opportunity target observation command transmission and control module is used to accurately send opportunity target observation commands in the form of BeiDou short messages through interactive interpretation strategy and three-level retransmission strategy. 2.The automatic uplink system for observing the opportunity target of celestial satellite based on the short message of Beidou, according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Opportunity Target Observation Application Reception and Automated Scientific Planning Module supports submitting opportunity target observation applications via both software pages and APIs. The generation of the scientific observation plan and the verification of observational constraints specifically include: Calculate the target visibility based on the observation time and target location in the opportunity target observation application, and further calculate the visible period based on on-orbit operation constraints; Based on the observable duration of the opportunity target observation, determine the start and end times of the observation, calculate the satellite observation attitude, and generate a scientific observation plan; Conduct on-orbit operation constraint verification, including at least: solar avoidance angle constraint, lunar avoidance angle constraint, sunsun mirror reflection constraint, South Atlantic anomaly constraint, and payload field of view and bright Earth angle constraint. 3.The automatic uplink system for observing the opportunity target of celestial satellite based on the short message of Beidou, according to claim 1, characterized in that, The satellite usage constraint rule verification performed by the message-triggered payload work plan formulation module specifically includes: action time interval verification, payload control command volume verification, command conflict verification, and payload usage constraint verification.

4. The automatic uplink system for observing the opportunity target of celestial satellite based on the short message of Beidou, according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing procedure of the opportunity target observation instruction processing module specifically includes: Upon receiving notification that the payload control plan has been completed, the payload control plan is automatically processed, a payload action sequence is generated, the legality of the payload actions is verified, and payload instruction data is generated based on the predefined mapping definition between payload actions and instruction templates for the verified payload action sequence. For astronomical satellite opportunity target observation processing, platform commands that drive the satellite platform to point at the target and payload commands that configure payload parameters are generated; based on the BeiDou uplink identifier in the payload control plan, control commands in the form of BeiDou short messages are generated, which are multi-batch uplink command short messages conforming to the BeiDou system data format.

5. The automatic uplink system for observing the opportunity target of celestial satellite based on the short message of Beidou, according to claim 1, characterized in that, The BeiDou short message target observation command control module extracts a batch of BeiDou short messages, determines the corresponding terminal of the BeiDou interactive system by judging the communication identifier of the command, and prioritizes the selection of the pre-configured communication link for uplink transmission. If the current channel is unavailable or the transmission failure reaches the configuration limit, it switches to another link for uplink transmission; if neither is available, it records an error log and issues a voice alarm.

6. The automatic uplink system for astronomical satellite opportunity target observation based on BeiDou short message service as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The interactive interpretation strategy includes: Handshake response with the BeiDou interactive system, batch upload confirmation, and final uplink status judgment; among which, The interactive interpretation strategy for the handshake response is as follows: The BeiDou short message opportunity target observation command transmission and control module first sends a handshake message. After receiving feedback from the BeiDou interactive system, the BeiDou short messages of batch i are divided into N messages. The messages are sent one by one. After receiving feedback confirmation information for each message, the next message is sent. After receiving N feedback confirmation information, the short message end message of batch i is sent. The interaction is completed after the BeiDou short message opportunity target observation command transmission and control module receives the end message feedback confirmation information. The interactive interpretation strategy for batch uplink confirmation is as follows: After the BeiDou interactive system receives the complete BeiDou short message for batch i, it performs the operation of sending the uplink short message for batch i to the satellite. After successful transmission, the BeiDou interactive system feeds back the information that batch i was successfully sent, thus realizing the small loop confirmation. After the BeiDou short message opportunity target observation command control module receives the information that batch i was successfully sent, it starts the configured guarding duration according to the large loop ratio. The interactive interpretation strategy for determining the final uplink status is as follows: within the protection period of the large ring comparison configuration, if the target observation command sending and control module based on the Beidou short message receives the large ring feedback information of batch i sent by the satellite system via the Beidou interactive system and it is complete, then the Beidou short message of batch i is successfully sent; otherwise, it is resent according to the three-resent strategy.

7. The automatic uplink system for astronomical satellite opportunity target observation based on BeiDou short message service as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The three-level reissue strategy includes: The first-level retransmission strategy is for data frames, which only involves the ground link. When a single short message is sent by the Beidou short message opportunity target observation command transmission and control module and no feedback is received within a set time, the message is immediately retransmitted. The second level is the small loop comparison, which only involves the ground link. After the Beidou short message opportunity target observation command control module sends out batch i uplink short messages, if no small loop confirmation feedback is received, the batch of Beidou short messages will be resent. The third level is the large-scale comparison, which involves the satellite-to-ground communication path. When the target observation command sending and control module based on Beidou short message fails to receive the large-scale comparison within the configured protection time, the feedback information or the received information is incomplete. 8.The automatic uplink system for observing the opportunity target of celestial satellite based on the short message of Beidou, according to claim 7, characterized in that, The three-level resending strategy also includes: setting a configuration limit for each level of resending; when the configuration limit is exceeded, the Beidou short message opportunity target observation command transmission and control module will switch to another link; if neither is available, an error log will be recorded and a voice alarm will be issued.

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