Metal gasket with high temperature protection mechanism and method of processing the same

Abstract

This invention discloses a metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism and its processing method, relating to the field of sealing technology. It comprises a gasket body and cover plates covering the top and bottom of the gasket body. Interlocking protection components are arranged at equal angles along the circumference of the gasket body. Each interlocking protection component includes: a displacement drive element made of a unidirectional shape memory alloy; a guide slider, one end of which abuts against the displacement drive element, and the other end extending to the vicinity of the sealing surface of the gasket body; and a breakable protective plate, which is fixedly covered on the outer end face of the guide slider and flush with the overall sealing surface of the gasket. This metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism and its processing method actively generate sealing protrusions under abnormal high-temperature conditions, dynamically compensating for sealing defects, effectively solving the problems of gasket creep relaxation and irreversible seal deterioration under high temperatures, and significantly improving sealing reliability under high-temperature conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sealing technology, specifically to a metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism and its processing method. Background Technology

[0002] Metal gaskets are used for sealing connections between flat surfaces of pipes, machine parts, etc. During use, if metal gaskets are worn or corroded, the sealing surface of the gasket will not be tight, resulting in fluid leakage. This will affect the use and safe operation of the machine. Especially when the operating environment of the sealing surface of the machine is harsh, such as high temperature environment or corrosive environment, ordinary sealing gaskets are prone to deformation, wear and corrosion in these harsh environments, thus failing to provide an effective seal.

[0003] To address the aforementioned deficiencies, existing technology (Chinese patent CN218177911U, published on 2022-12-30) provides a metal gasket with high-temperature protection. This gasket achieves heat insulation through heat-insulating filling layers on both the upper and lower sides, reducing the impact of heat on the middle gasket layer. Simultaneously, a wear-resistant elastic layer reduces damage to the gasket from compression. Furthermore, metal edge strips protect the heat-insulating filling layer and the wear-resistant elastic layer, improving overall structural strength and enhancing the protective effect, thus ensuring the gasket's service life. Additionally, the special structure of the anti-slip pad layer increases the friction between the gasket and the connector, preventing the gasket from wobbling or shifting, reducing wear, and improving practicality. The prior art (Chinese patent announcement number CN218670620U, announcement date 2023-03-21) is a high-temperature and corrosion-resistant metal-coated sealing gasket. The sealing gasket is made of ordinary carbon steel material coated with nickel-based alloy material. It has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and high strength of the overcurrent sealing interface. Moreover, the manufacturing process is simple, the cost is low, the sealing performance is good, and the service life is long.

[0004] The above solutions all enhance the gasket's passive high-temperature resistance by improving its materials or structure, focusing on making the gasket more heat-resistant and durable. The sealing enhancement function relies entirely on the overall elastic recoil of the gasket and the pre-tightening force of the flange bolts. Under high-temperature conditions, as the material creeps and relaxes, the sealing effect continuously deteriorates, and its sealing function can only passively decrease. Once the gasket body undergoes oxidation, ablation, or plastic deformation, the sealing performance begins to deteriorate irreversibly, and there is no way to remedy the situation under abnormal high-temperature conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism and its processing method, in order to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the existing metal gaskets with high-temperature protection mechanisms all enhance the gasket's passive high-temperature resistance performance by improving the material or structure, focusing on making the gasket more resistant to high temperatures and more durable. The sealing enhancement function relies entirely on the elastic recoil of the gasket as a whole and the preload of the flange bolts. Under high-temperature conditions, as the material creeps and relaxes, the sealing effect continuously deteriorates, and its sealing function can only passively decay. Once the gasket body undergoes oxidation, ablation, or plastic deformation, the sealing performance begins to deteriorate irreversibly, and there is no remedial means under abnormal high-temperature conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism, comprising a gasket body and cover plates of the same material covering the top and bottom of the gasket body; Interlocking protection components are provided at equal angles along the circumference of the upper and lower surfaces of the gasket body. Each interlocking protection component includes: The displacement driving component is embedded at equal angles on the top and bottom of the gasket body. The displacement driving component is made of unidirectional shape memory alloy. Its initial form is a compressed flat state. It undergoes a phase change at high temperature. The displacement driving component expands along the thickness direction of the gasket body and restores to the preset memory shape, generating an expansion displacement in the thickness direction. The top of the guide slider is disposed in a guide hole that is opened at an equal angle on the cover plate, and one end of the guide slider abuts against the displacement driving member, while the other end extends to the vicinity of the sealing surface of the gasket as a whole. A breakable protective plate is fixedly covered on the outer end face of the guide slider and flush with the sealing surface of the gasket as a whole. The breakable protective plate is made of a brittle heat-resistant material and its breakage threshold pressure is matched with the expansion thrust generated by the displacement drive component. When the displacement drive expands, it pushes the guide slider to move outward. The guide slider breaks through the breakable protective plate and protrudes from the overall sealing surface of the gasket, forming a local sealing protrusion.

[0007] Furthermore, the displacement driving component is an annular corrugated shape memory alloy washer, with its crests and troughs alternating along the axial direction, and its thickness in the compressed flat state is less than its wave height in the high-temperature phase transformation recovery state. The top and bottom of the washer body are provided with mounting grooves at equal angles, and each mounting groove corresponds to the installation of a displacement driving component.

[0008] Furthermore, the guide slider has a conical top end near the breakable protective plate, and the bottom of the breakable protective plate is directly opposite the top of the conical top end.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the guide slider is integrally provided with a limiting shoulder, and the limiting shoulder is correspondingly provided with an annular shoulder groove, and the annular shoulder groove is opened at the bottom of the inner side of the guide hole, and the diameter of the annular shoulder groove is larger than the diameter of the guide hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the breakable protective plate is made of high-temperature resistant brittle engineering plastic with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.8 mm and a designed breaking strength of 20 to 60 MPa.

[0011] Furthermore, the breakable protective plate is installed in the settling tank, and the settling tank is opened on the top outer side of the guide hole, and the diameter of the settling tank is larger than the diameter of the guide hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the breakable protective plate is temporarily fixed to the settling tank by a brittle connecting rib.

[0013] Furthermore, the mounting groove and guide hole correspond one-to-one and are coaxially arranged. The gasket body is a metal-clad gasket with a titanium alloy as its base material. The mating surfaces of the gasket body and the cover plate are interlocked and connected by structural adhesive that cures at room temperature.

[0014] A method for processing a metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism includes the following steps: S1: Prepare the substrate for the gasket body and the cover plate, and machine the mounting groove, guide hole, annular shoulder groove and settling groove on the gasket body and the cover plate respectively; S2: Fabrication of unidirectional shape memory alloy displacement actuator; S3: Prepare the guide slider; S4: Prepare a breakable protective sheet; S5: Install the displacement drive into the mounting groove, install the guide slider into the guide hole, fix the breakable protective plate to cover the settling groove at the outer end of the guide hole and make it flush with the sealing surface of the gasket as a whole, inject glue into the gasket body and cover and close it, and cure at room temperature. S6: Overall packaging and inspection.

[0015] Furthermore, the S2 process for fabricating a unidirectional shape memory alloy displacement actuator includes the following sub-steps: S21: Obtain NiTi-based alloy ingots by vacuum melting according to the designed atomic ratio; S22: Hot-rolled into slabs after homogenization heat treatment; S23: Cold rolled to the designed thickness; S24: Stamped into a corrugated ring washer; S25: Shape memory shaping process, which enables the displacement drive component to remember the wavy shape after expansion; S26: Compressed to a flat state at room temperature; S27: Low-temperature quenching and locking compression mode.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The metal gasket with high-temperature protection mechanism and its processing method maintain a normal sealing state under normal temperature conditions. Under abnormal high-temperature conditions, the thermal phase change characteristics of the unidirectional shape memory alloy displacement drive component are used to link the guide slider to break the breakable protective plate, forming a local sealing protrusion on the gasket sealing surface. This actively compensates for the sealing failure caused by high temperature and achieves dynamic sealing reinforcement under high temperature conditions.

[0017] 1. Furthermore, a unidirectional shape memory alloy displacement drive component is adopted, which can undergo thermal phase change and generate stable expansion thrust under high temperature conditions. Combined with the guide slider and the breakable protective plate, it forms a local sealing protrusion, realizing active compensation of the sealing gap under high temperature, effectively suppressing the sealing attenuation caused by high temperature creep and relaxation, and significantly improving the sealing reliability and long-term performance under extreme temperature environments.

[0018] 2. Furthermore, through the precise matching design of the brittle, heat-resistant, and breakable protective plate and the conical top, the sealing surface remains flat at normal temperature and does not interfere with the conventional sealing function. At high temperature, it can reliably break and release the guide slider stroke under a set threshold, realizing the adaptive switching between normal sealing and high-temperature reinforcement, taking into account both the sealing stability under normal working conditions and the emergency sealing capability under abnormal working conditions.

[0019] 3. Furthermore, relying on the limiting structure of the limiting shoulder and the annular shoulder groove, the outward movement of the guide slider is precisely constrained to prevent the slider from falling out or excessive displacement leading to structural failure. At the same time, it ensures that the expansion thrust of the displacement driving component is stably transmitted along the guiding direction, improves the consistency, controllability and structural stability of the linkage protection component, and extends the overall service life of the gasket.

[0020] 4. Furthermore, based on the metal gasket body and the cover plate of the same material, and combined with the thermal response characteristics of shape memory alloy, we break through the passive protection limitation of traditional metal gaskets that rely solely on the material's high temperature resistance and bolt preload. We construct an active high-temperature sealing reinforcement mechanism, which can effectively compensate for the irreversible deterioration of the seal caused by high-temperature oxidation, ablation, and plastic deformation, significantly reduce the risk of fluid leakage under high-temperature conditions, and ensure the safe operation of equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gasket body and the cover plate in the separated state of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover, guide slider, conical top, limiting shoulder, and breakable protective plate of the present invention in a separated state; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 7 This is a top view of the gasket body of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the gasket body of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Gasket body; 2. Cover plate; 3. Mounting groove; 4. Displacement drive component; 5. Guide hole; 6. Guide slider; 7. Conical top; 8. Limiting shoulder; 9. Annular shoulder groove; 10. Settling groove; 11. Breakable protective plate. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 6 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism, comprising a gasket body 1 and cover plates 2 of the same material covering the top and bottom of the gasket body 1, wherein linkage protection components are arranged at equal angles along the circumferential direction of the upper and lower surfaces of the gasket body 1, each linkage protection component including: a displacement driving component 4, the displacement driving component 4 being embedded at equal angles in the top and bottom of the gasket body 1, and the displacement driving component 4 being made of a unidirectional shape memory alloy, its initial form being a compressed flat state, undergoing a phase change at high temperature, the displacement driving component 4 expanding along the thickness direction of the gasket body 1 to restore to the preset memory shape, generating an expansion displacement in the thickness direction; guide The top of the guide slider 6 is located in the guide hole 5 that is opened at an equal angle on the cover plate 2, and one end of the guide slider 6 abuts against the displacement drive 4, while the other end extends to the vicinity of the sealing surface of the gasket. The breakable protective plate 11 is fixedly covered on the outer end face of the guide slider 6 and is flush with the sealing surface of the gasket. The breakable protective plate 11 is made of brittle heat-resistant material, and its breaking threshold pressure matches the expansion thrust generated by the displacement drive 4. When the displacement drive 4 expands, it pushes the guide slider 6 to move outward, and the guide slider 6 breaks through the breakable protective plate 11 and protrudes from the sealing surface of the gasket, forming a local sealing protrusion.

[0025] The overall solution is as follows: Under normal temperature and conventional high temperature conditions, the gasket, like ordinary metal-clad gaskets, relies on its own elasticity and flange preload to achieve sealing; when the medium temperature unexpectedly rises to a set threshold, the displacement drive 4 actively expands, pushing the guide slider 6 to break through the breakable protective plate 11 and protrude from the sealing surface, forming a local high-pressure sealing protrusion, thereby actively compensating for the sealing gap and enhancing the sealing effect; at the same time, the breakage state of the breakable protective plate 11 is an irreversible mechanical indicator, which makes it easy for maintenance personnel to determine whether the gasket has experienced abnormal high-temperature conditions.

[0026] Specifically, the displacement drive component 4 is an annular corrugated shape memory alloy gasket, with its crests and troughs alternating along the axial direction, and its thickness in the compressed flat state is less than its wave height in the high-temperature phase transformation recovery state. The top and bottom of the gasket body 1 are provided with mounting grooves 3 at equal angles, and each mounting groove 3 corresponds to the installation of a displacement drive component 4.

[0027] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the displacement drive component 4 serves as the power source for the entire protection mechanism. Utilizing the temperature response characteristics of unidirectional shape memory alloy, it actively expands when the threshold is reached, converting thermal energy into mechanical displacement and thrust. The mounting groove 3 provides installation space for the displacement drive component 4.

[0028] Specifically, the guide slider 6 has a conical top 7 at one end near the breakable guard plate 11, with the bottom of the breakable guard plate 11 facing the top of the conical top 7.

[0029] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, by setting the conical top 7, the thrust can be concentrated, reducing the force required to break the crushable guard plate 11, making the triggering action more clear and reliable.

[0030] Specifically, the bottom of the guide slider 6 is integrally provided with a limiting shoulder 8, and the limiting shoulder 8 is correspondingly provided with an annular shoulder groove 9. The annular shoulder groove 9 is opened at the bottom of the inner side of the guide hole 5, and the diameter of the annular shoulder groove 9 is larger than the diameter of the guide hole 5.

[0031] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the mechanical limiting fit is formed by the setting of the limiting shoulder 8 and the annular shoulder groove 9, which limits the maximum extension of the guide slider 6 and prevents excessive ejection. The guide hole 5 provides precise sliding guidance for the guide slider 6, ensuring that the action direction of each set of linkage protection components is perpendicular to the sealing surface.

[0032] Specifically, the breakable protective plate 11 is made of high-temperature brittle engineering plastic with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.8 mm and a crushing strength designed to be 20 to 60 MPa. The breakable protective plate 11 is temporarily fixed to the settling tank 10 by a breakable connecting rib.

[0033] refer to Figure 6 As shown, the above design ensures that the breakable protective plate 11 maintains the integrity of the sealing surface under normal conditions, and acts as a sacrificial structure when it is punctured in the triggered state, forming a sealed protrusion outlet. At the same time, its broken state provides an irreversible visual indication.

[0034] Specifically, the breakable protective plate 11 is installed in the settling tank 10, and the settling tank 10 is opened on the top of the outer side of the guide hole 5, and the diameter of the settling tank 10 is larger than the diameter of the guide hole 5.

[0035] refer to Figure 6 As shown, the above design enables the settling tank 10 to support the breakable protective plate 11, making its outer surface flush with the sealing surface, while providing peripheral support to facilitate brittle fracture.

[0036] Specifically, the mounting groove 3 and the guide hole 5 correspond one-to-one and are coaxially arranged. The gasket body 1 is a metal-clad gasket with a titanium alloy as its base material. The mating surfaces of the gasket body 1 and the cover plate 2 are fitted together and connected by structural adhesive that is cured at room temperature.

[0037] refer to Figure 5 - Figure 6 As shown, through the above design, the gasket body 1 and the cover plate 2 are connected by structural adhesive at room temperature to form a complete gasket skeleton, providing a space for accommodating and limiting structures such as mounting groove 3, guide hole 5, annular shoulder groove 9, and settling groove 10. The mounting groove 3 provides a space for accommodating the displacement drive 4 and limits its position in the compressed and flattened state. The guide slider 6 receives the thrust of the displacement drive 4 and slides along the guide hole 5 to transfer the displacement and thrust from the inside of the gasket to the sealing surface.

[0038] Example 2, based on Example 1, provides a detailed description of the overall operation of the above scheme. Initial state under normal temperature and conventional high temperature conditions: Under normal temperature and conventional high temperature conditions, below the trigger temperature, the displacement drive component 4 remains in a compressed and flat state, with its overall thickness less than the depth of the mounting groove 3. The displacement drive component 4 is made of unidirectional shape memory alloy, and after low-temperature quenching, its martensitic structure is stable and does not have the conditions to transform into austenite, so it will not produce spontaneous expansion. At this time, the guide slider 6 is assembled in the guide hole 5, with one end abutting against the upper or lower surface of the displacement drive component 4, and the other end extending to the vicinity of the sealing surface. The limiting shoulder 8 at the bottom of the guide slider 6 forms a fit with the annular shoulder groove 9 at the bottom of the inner side of the guide hole 5. In the non-triggered state, the limiting shoulder 8 keeps in contact with the bottom surface of the annular shoulder groove 9, ensuring that the guide slider 6 is in the lowest position. The conical top 7 is integrally set at the end of the guide slider 6 at the position closest to the inside of the gasket. Its top end maintains a slight gap or slight contact with the bottom surface of the breakable guard plate 11, but not enough to generate a crushing force. The breakable guard plate 11 is installed in the settling tank 10, which is opened at the top outside of the guide hole 5. Its diameter is larger than that of the guide hole 5, so that the periphery of the breakable guard plate 11 is stably supported. The breakable guard plate 11 and the settling tank 10 are temporarily fixed by a breakable connecting rib. After grinding, the outer surface of the breakable guard plate 11 is completely flush with the sealing surface of the cover plate 2. In the initial state, the breakable guard plate 11 is intact and undamaged, and the sealing surface is continuous and flat, which does not affect the normal fit and sealing of the gasket and the flange.

[0039] The triggering process under abnormal high-temperature conditions is as follows: When the temperature of the medium in the pipeline or equipment unexpectedly rises to the set phase transformation trigger temperature of the displacement actuator 4, the unidirectional shape memory alloy in the displacement actuator 4 undergoes a reverse phase transformation from martensite to austenite. Since the displacement actuator 4 has been given an expansion memory shape through shape memory shaping during manufacturing, its crystal structure changes from a low-temperature martensite phase to a high-temperature austenite phase after heating, resulting in a significant increase in volume. For the annular corrugated structure, the originally flattened corrugated structure begins to recover to its original wave height, thus increasing along the gasket thickness. The expansion displacement is generated in the direction; the expansion action of the displacement drive 4 directly acts on the end face of the guide slider 6 that abuts against it, applying a radially outward thrust to the guide slider 6. This thrust is transmitted through the guide slider 6 to the conical top 7 at the end. The tip of the conical top 7 concentrates the thrust on the central area of ​​the bottom surface of the breakable guard plate 11. Since the breakable guard plate 11 is made of brittle and heat-resistant material, such as high-temperature brittle engineering plastic, and its thickness is only 0.2 to 0.8 mm, and its crushing strength is designed to be 20 to 60 MPa, the conical top 7... When the concentrated thrust applied by the mandrel 7 exceeds its fracture threshold, the breakable guard plate 11 undergoes brittle fracture, and the easily broken connecting rib between the breakable guard plate 11 and the settling tank 10 also breaks. The breakable guard plate 11 loses its structural integrity and forms a breach. After the breakable guard plate 11 is breached, the guide slider 6 continues to move outward. The conical mandrel 7 at its end protrudes a certain height from the sealing surface of the cover plate 2, usually 0.2 to 0.8 mm. The outward movement of the guide slider 6 is limited by the cooperation of the limiting shoulder 8 and the annular shoulder groove 9. When the upper end face of the limiting shoulder 8 contacts the top surface of the annular shoulder groove 9, the guide slider 6 cannot continue to move outward, thus preventing the guide slider 6 from over-extending and falling off or being damaged; after a set of linkage protection components completes the above triggering action, other linkage protection components arranged at equal angles along the circumference will also be triggered synchronously or successively, thereby forming multiple evenly distributed local sealing protrusions on the entire circumference of the gasket. These sealing protrusions form local high-pressure contact points with the flange sealing surface, together forming an auxiliary sealing band, the function of which is manifested in two aspects: First, it actively compensates for the radial sealing gap caused by the flange's thermal expansion rate being higher than that of the gasket. Under high-temperature conditions, the thermal expansion coefficient of the metal flange is usually higher than that of the filling material inside the gasket. After the inner diameter of the flange expands, a small gap is generated between it and the gasket. This gap is the main channel for high-temperature leakage. In this invention, the protruding conical head 7 directly fills this gap and blocks the leakage path.

[0040] Secondly, a dynamic compression seal is superimposed on the original compression seal of the gasket body 1. When the gasket body 1 undergoes creep relaxation due to high temperature and the sealing pressure decreases, the protruding sealing protrusion provides additional local compression force, so that the overall sealing effect does not decrease but increases, realizing the transformation from passive attenuation to active enhancement.

[0041] Cooling and subsequent holding phase: When the system temperature drops below the trigger temperature, since the displacement drive component 4 is made of a unidirectional shape memory alloy, which has irreversible shape memory characteristics, that is, it can expand from the compressed flat state to the memory shape when heated, but will not automatically shrink back to the compressed flat state after cooling. Therefore, the displacement drive component 4 maintains the thickness state after expansion, the guide slider 6 remains in the ejected state, and the breakable protective plate 11 remains in the broken state.

[0042] This irreversible characteristic brings two significant advantages: First, the high-temperature protection function is lockable. Even if the system temperature fluctuates and rises and falls repeatedly, the protection mechanism will not be repeatedly switched on and off, avoiding instability in the sealing state caused by temperature fluctuations. Once triggered, the gasket will permanently maintain an enhanced sealing state until the next shutdown for maintenance.

[0043] Secondly, it provides visual mechanical indications. When the equipment is shut down for maintenance and the operator removes the flange to inspect the gasket, if the breakable protective plate 11 is found to be intact and the guide slider 6 is not protruding, it means that the gasket has never experienced abnormal high-temperature conditions and can continue to be used or replaced according to the normal cycle. If the breakable protective plate 11 is found to be broken and the guide slider 6 is found to be protruding, it can be intuitively judged that the gasket has experienced abnormal high-temperature conditions. Even if there was no obvious leakage at that time, the gasket body 1 or the internal filling material may have undergone a certain degree of performance degradation and should be replaced in time. This physical indication method, which does not rely on any electronic components or manual records, has extremely high reliability and convenience in industrial sites.

[0044] A method for processing a metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism includes the following steps: S1: Prepare the substrates for the gasket body 1 and the cover plate 2, and machine the mounting groove 3, guide hole 5, annular shoulder groove 9 and settling groove 10 on the gasket body 1 and the cover plate 2 respectively; S2: Fabrication of unidirectional shape memory alloy displacement drive component 4; S3: Prepare guide slider 6; S4: Prepare a breakable protective sheet 11; S5: Install the displacement drive 4 into the mounting groove 3, install the guide slider 6 into the guide hole 5, fix the breakable protective plate 11 to cover the settling groove 10 at the outer end of the guide hole 5 and flush with the sealing surface of the gasket as a whole, inject glue into the gasket body 1 and the cover plate 2 and close it, and cure at room temperature. S6: Overall packaging and inspection.

[0045] When S2 prepares the unidirectional shape memory alloy displacement actuator 4, the following sub-steps are included: S21: Obtain NiTi-based alloy ingots by vacuum melting according to the designed atomic ratio; S22: Hot-rolled into slabs after homogenization heat treatment; S23: Cold rolled to the designed thickness; S24: Stamped into a corrugated ring washer; S25: Shape memory shaping process, which makes the displacement drive component 4 remember the wavy shape after expansion; S26: Compressed to a flat state at room temperature; S27: Low-temperature quenching and locking compression mode.

[0046] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0047] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism, comprising a gasket body (1) and cover plates (2) of the same material covering the top and bottom of the gasket body (1), characterized in that: Interlocking protection components are provided at equal angles along the circumferential direction of the upper and lower surfaces of the gasket body (1). Each interlocking protection component includes: The displacement drive component (4) is embedded at equal angles on the top and bottom of the gasket body (1). The displacement drive component (4) is made of unidirectional shape memory alloy. Its initial form is a compressed flat state. It undergoes a phase change at high temperature. The displacement drive component (4) expands along the thickness direction of the gasket body (1) and recovers to the preset memory form, generating an expansion displacement in the thickness direction. The top of the guide slider (6) is set in the guide hole (5) that is opened at equal angles on the cover plate (2), and one end of the guide slider (6) abuts against the displacement drive (4), and the other end extends to the vicinity of the sealing surface of the gasket. A breakable protective plate (11) is fixedly covered on the outer end face of the guide slider (6) and flush with the sealing surface of the gasket as a whole. The breakable protective plate (11) is made of brittle heat-resistant material and its breakage threshold pressure is matched with the expansion thrust generated by the displacement drive (4). When the displacement drive (4) expands, it pushes the guide slider (6) to move outward. The guide slider (6) breaks through the breakable protective plate (11) and protrudes from the sealing surface of the entire gasket, forming a local sealing protrusion.

2. A metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement drive component (4) is an annular corrugated shape memory alloy gasket with its crests and troughs alternating along the axial direction. Its thickness in the compressed flat state is less than its wave height in the high temperature phase transition recovery state. The top and bottom of the gasket body (1) are provided with mounting grooves (3) at equal angles, and each mounting groove (3) corresponds to the installation of a displacement drive component (4).

3. A metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide slider (6) has a conical top (7) at one end near the breakable guard plate (11), and the bottom of the breakable guard plate (11) is directly opposite the top of the conical top (7).

4. A metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the guide slider (6) is integrally provided with a limiting shoulder (8), and the limiting shoulder (8) is correspondingly provided with an annular shoulder groove (9). The annular shoulder groove (9) is opened at the bottom of the inner side of the guide hole (5), and the diameter of the annular shoulder groove (9) is larger than the diameter of the guide hole (5).

5. A metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breakable protective plate (11) is made of high-temperature brittle engineering plastic with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.8 mm and a crushing strength designed to be 20 to 60 MPa.

6. A metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The breakable protective plate (11) is installed in the settling tank (10), and the settling tank (10) is opened on the top of the outer side of the guide hole (5), and the diameter of the settling tank (10) is larger than the diameter of the guide hole (5).

7. A metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The breakable protective plate (11) is temporarily fixed to the settling tank (10) by a brittle connecting bar.

8. A metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting groove (3) and the guide hole (5) correspond one to one and are coaxially arranged. The gasket body (1) is a metal-clad gasket with a titanium alloy as its base material. The mating surfaces of the gasket body (1) and the cover plate (2) are fitted together and connected by structural adhesive that is cured at room temperature.

9. A method for processing a metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism, applied to the metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Prepare the substrate of the gasket body (1) and the cover plate (2), and process the mounting groove (3), guide hole (5), annular shoulder groove (9) and settling groove (10) on the gasket body (1) and the cover plate (2) respectively. S2: Fabrication of a unidirectional shape memory alloy displacement drive (4); S3: Prepare the guide slider (6); S4: Prepare a breakable protective sheet (11); S5: Install the displacement drive (4) into the mounting groove (3), install the guide slider (6) into the guide hole (5), fix the breakable protective plate (11) in the settling groove (10) at the outer end of the guide hole (5) and flush with the sealing surface of the gasket as a whole, inject glue into the gasket body (1) and cover plate (2) and close them, and cure at room temperature. S6: Overall packaging and inspection.

10. A method for processing a metal gasket with a high-temperature protection mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that: When preparing the unidirectional shape memory alloy displacement drive (4) in S2, the following sub-steps are included: S21: Obtain NiTi-based alloy ingots by vacuum melting according to the designed atomic ratio; S22: Hot-rolled into slabs after homogenization heat treatment; S23: Cold rolled to the designed thickness; S24: Stamped into a corrugated ring washer; S25: Shape memory shaping process, so that the displacement driving component (4) remembers the wavy shape after expansion; S26: Compressed to a flat state at room temperature; S27: Low-temperature quenching and locking compression mode.

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