Heavy support structure comprising a plurality of support surfaces and method for calculating the strength thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a strength calculation method for a heavy-duty support structure comprising multiple support surfaces. The support structure includes: a base plate; an arc-shaped cover plate located above the base plate; and two side wing plates, each connected to both ends of the base plate via a first connecting portion and to both ends of the arc-shaped cover plate via a second connecting portion. The lower surface of the base plate is the bottom plane, and the lower surface of the side wing plates is the side wing surface. Both the bottom plane and the two side wing surfaces can serve as support surfaces. The strength calculation method includes: S1, when the support structure uses bottom plane support, determining the critical section and performing stress analysis and strength calculation on the critical section; S2, when the support structure uses two side wing surface support, determining the critical section and performing stress analysis and strength calculation on the critical section. The support structure of this invention can use two side wing surface support, reducing dependence on vehicles, and provides a precise strength calculation method to ensure the safety and reliability of the support structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heavy machinery equipment technology, and in particular to a heavy support structure comprising multiple support surfaces and its calculation method. Background Technology

[0002] As my country's equipment manufacturing capabilities improve, equipment becomes increasingly heavier, placing higher demands on the load-bearing capacity of support structures such as saddles. This is especially true for ultra-heavy equipment, where the requirements for support structures are even more stringent. Furthermore, current domestic and international standards and specifications lack corresponding calculation methods and computer applications to verify their strength.

[0003] Specifically, while existing saddle support structures can solve some of the problems, they still have the following shortcomings: 1. Traditional saddles use a single web structure. Even if the base plate is widened, the stress is uneven, which will generate a large local load on the foundation.

[0004] 2. When calculating the bending moment generated by the friction between the saddle and the container, the friction force is usually multiplied by the lever arm H (the distance between the lowest surface of the cylinder and the surface of the foundation). Since the actual lever arm value is often greater than H, this calculation method will result in an underestimation of the bending moment value, which poses a safety hazard.

[0005] 3. Currently, publicly available information and domestic and international standards only address strength calculation methods when the saddle base is supported. When the two side flanges of the saddle serve as support surfaces, neither standards nor specifications provide relevant strength calculation methods. Without calculation methods, the safety and reliability of the support structure itself cannot be guaranteed.

[0006] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heavy-duty support structure comprising multiple support surfaces and its calculation method, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a strength calculation method for a heavy-duty support structure comprising multiple support surfaces. The support structure is used to support a cylindrical horizontal heavy-duty container. The support structure includes: a base plate; an arc-shaped cover plate located above the base plate; two side wing plates, respectively connected to both ends of the base plate via a first connecting portion and to both ends of the arc-shaped cover plate via a second connecting portion; and a web plate vertically disposed between the base plate and the arc-shaped cover plate. The lower surface of the base plate is the bottom plane, and the lower surfaces of the side wing plates are the side wing surfaces. Both the bottom plane and the two side wing surfaces can serve as support surfaces. The strength calculation method includes the following steps: S1. When the supporting structure adopts bottom plane support, perform stress analysis on it, determine the key sections, and perform stress analysis and strength calculation on the key sections; When the bottom plane is the supporting surface, under the total load Q of the heavy container, the supporting structure is subjected to a radial force q from the heavy container and a frictional force F along the axis of the heavy container. f It is simultaneously subjected to the supporting force T and the frictional force F from the foundation. g Where T and Q are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction, and F g With F f They are equal in size and opposite in direction; Sections AA and BB are identified as critical sections; section AA is the horizontal root section of the web, i.e., the cross section of the web immediately adjacent to the bottom plate; section BB is the vertical symmetry center section of the supporting structure. S2. When the supporting structure adopts two-sided wing support, perform stress analysis on it, determine the key section, and perform stress analysis and strength calculation on the key section; When the two wing surfaces are the supporting surfaces, under the action of the total load Q of the heavy container, the supporting structure is subjected to a radial force q from the heavy container, and at the same time, the two wing surfaces are subjected to a supporting reaction force of magnitude Q / 2, and the direction of the supporting reaction force is opposite to the direction of Q. The stress analysis of the two side wing surfaces is the same; the CC section and the BB section are the key sections; the CC section is the vertical section where the connection line between the side wing plate and the first connecting part is located.

[0009] Optionally, step S1 includes performing a stress analysis on section AA: Frictional force F of heavy container on supporting structure f Shear force and bending moment are generated at section AA; The total load Q is applied to section AA, generating compressive stress; Among them, frictional force F f The expression is: In the formula, f is the friction coefficient between the bottom contact surface of the heavy container and the bearing surface of the supporting structure; R is the cross-sectional radius of the heavy container; θ is the total contact angle between the supporting structure and the heavy container; β is the obtuse angle between the edge of the contact surface and the vertical center line of the cross-section of the heavy container, β=π-θ / 2; The obtuse angle between the radial line containing any point on the contact surface between the support structure and the heavy container and the perpendicular center line of the heavy container's cross-section; Friction force F f The magnitude of the shear force generated at section AA is related to the frictional force F.f They are the same size; Friction force F f The expression for the bending moment M1 generated at section AA is: In the formula, H is the first lever arm, which is the vertical distance from the lowest point of the bottom of the heavy container to section AA.

[0010] Optionally, step S1 includes strength verification of section AA: Bending stress generated by bending moment M1 on section AA The expression is: In the formula, W A-A It is the flexural modulus of section AA; The compressive stress generated by the total load Q on section AA The expression is: In the formula, A is the area of ​​section AA; Friction force F f Shear stress generated on section AA The expression is: The combined stress on section AA is: The criterion for strength verification of section AA is: the combined stress on section AA should not exceed the allowable compressive stress of the supporting structural material.

[0011] Optionally, step S1 includes performing a stress analysis on the BB section: The BB section is subjected to a horizontal thrust F, the expression for which is: In the formula, R is the cross-sectional radius of the heavy container; θ is the total contact angle between the supporting structure and the heavy container; β is the obtuse angle between the edge of the contact surface and the vertical center line of the heavy container cross-section, β=π-θ / 2; The obtuse angle between the radial line containing any point on the contact surface between the support structure and the heavy container and the perpendicular center line of the heavy container's cross-section; The horizontal thrust generates a bending moment M2 at section BB, and its expression is: .

[0012] Optionally, step S1 includes performing a strength check on the BB section: The tensile stress generated by the horizontal thrust F at section BB The expression is: In the formula, A B-B It is the local area within the BB section located within a vertical range of R / 3 below the lowest point of the bottom of the heavy container; Bending stress generated by bending moment M2 at section BB The expression is: In the formula W B-B It is the flexural modulus of section BB; The combined stress on section BB is: The criterion for strength verification of section B-B is: the combined stress on section BB should be less than the allowable stress of the supporting structural material.

[0013] Optionally, step S2 includes performing a stress analysis on the CC section: Section CC is subjected to shear force and bending moment generated by the support reaction force Q / 2; The magnitude of the shear force is Q / 2; The expression for bending moment M1' is: In the formula, L is the second lever arm, which is the vertical distance from the line of action of the resultant force of the supporting reaction force Q / 2 to the CC section.

[0014] Optionally, step S2 includes strength verification of the CC section: Bending stress generated by bending moment M1' at section CC The expression is: In the formula, W C-C It is the flexural modulus of the CC section; Shear stress generated by the support reaction force Q / 2 at section CC The expression is: In the formula A C-C The area of ​​the CC section; The combined compressive stress on section CC is: The criterion for strength verification of the CC section is: the combined stress on the CC section should not exceed the allowable compressive stress of the supporting structural material.

[0015] Optionally, step S2 includes performing a stress analysis on the BB section: First, calculate the horizontal thrust F' generated by the radial force q acting on section BB; The expression for the radial force q per unit length is as follows: Based on the above formula, the expression for the horizontal thrust F' generated by the horizontal component of q at section BB is derived as follows: Then calculate the bending moment borne by section BB due to the combined radial force q and the support force Q / 2. ; The vertical component of q at section BB has a bending moment M. 21 for: The bending moment M generated by the supporting force Q / 2 on section BB 22 for: In the formula, The third lever arm is the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the resultant force of the supporting reaction force Q / 2 to the section BB. Bending moment on section BB for: .

[0016] Optionally, step S2 includes strength verification of the BB section: The tensile stress generated by the horizontal thrust F' at section BB The expression is: In the formula, A B-B It is the local area within the BB section located within a vertical range of R / 3 below the lowest point of the bottom of the heavy container; Bending moment Bending stress generated at section BB The expression is: In the formula, W B-B It is the flexural modulus of section BB; The combined stress on section BB is: The criterion for strength verification of section B-B is: the combined stress on section BB should be less than the allowable stress of the supporting structural material.

[0017] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a heavy-duty support structure comprising multiple support surfaces for supporting a cylindrical horizontal heavy-duty container, comprising: A base plate; an arc-shaped cover plate located above the base plate; two side wing plates, each connected to both ends of the base plate via a first connecting part, and each connected to both ends of the arc-shaped cover plate via a second connecting part; a web plate, vertically disposed between the arc-shaped cover plate and the base plate; The lower surface of the base plate is the bottom plane, and the lower surface of the side wing plate is the side wing surface. When heavy containers need to be placed for a long time or undergo hydrostatic testing, bottom plane support should be used; When heavy containers need to be lifted or lowered, and the on-site crane lifting capacity is insufficient, side wing surfaces are used for support, and jacks or hydraulic cylinders are installed below the side wing surfaces to lift or lower the heavy containers. The strength of the supporting structure is verified by the strength calculation method described above.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. Regarding the bending moment generated at the bottom of the support structure by axial friction, this invention derives a more accurate expression for the bending moment for the first time.

[0019] 2. The support structure of the present invention adopts a three-layer web structure, which increases the structural width, makes the load on the bottom plate more uniform, reduces the unit load on the foundation, and also increases the support structure's ability to resist bending moments caused by friction.

[0020] 3. When the support structure of the present invention is supported on both sides of the wing surface, the support structure can be used to assist in lifting heavy containers and reduce dependence on the vehicle.

[0021] 4. The support structure of the present invention has operating holes at different positions on the outer web of the outer layer. The stiffeners and the outer web can be welded through the operating holes. At the same time, the operating holes are opened at different elevations, and the cross-sectional area along the height direction is approximately the same, thus avoiding the most dangerous cross-section. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the heavy-duty support structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the heavy-duty support structure of the present invention; Figure 3This is a frontal force analysis diagram of the heavy-duty support structure of the present invention when it is supported by a bottom plane. Figure 4 This is a side view force analysis diagram of the heavy-duty support structure of the present invention when it is supported by a bottom plane. Figure 5 This is a force analysis diagram of the heavy-duty support structure of the present invention when it is supported by two side wing surfaces. Figure 6 for Figure 5 Force analysis diagram of section CC; Figure 7 for Figure 5 Force analysis diagram of section BB. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the heavy-duty support structure comprising multiple support surfaces and its strength calculation method proposed in this invention. The advantages and features of this invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, used only to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of this invention. Please refer to the drawings to make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives achieved by this invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention.

[0024] This invention provides a heavy-duty support structure comprising multiple support surfaces for supporting a cylindrical horizontal heavy-duty container 1, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the support structure includes: a base plate 2; an arc-shaped cover plate 3 located above the base plate 2; two side wing plates 4, horizontally arranged, respectively connected to both ends of the base plate 2 through a first connecting part, and respectively connected to both ends of the arc-shaped cover plate 3 through a second connecting part; and a web plate 8, vertically arranged between the arc-shaped cover plate 3 and the base plate 2.

[0025] The lower surface of the base plate 2 is the bottom plane, and the lower surface of the side wing plate 4 is the side wing surface.

[0026] The first connecting part is a bottom cover plate 5; the second connecting part includes a top cover plate 6 and an end cover plate 7 connected thereto.

[0027] Specifically, the base plate 2 is horizontally positioned for contact with the foundation; the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped cover plate 3 is fitted to the lower part of the outer peripheral surface of the heavy container 1 for supporting the heavy container 1; the two side wing plates 4 are located on the same horizontal plane and are higher than the base plate 1, and the inner ends of the two side wing plates 4 are respectively connected to the two ends of the base plate 1 through the bottom cover plate 5; the two top cover plates 6 are located on the same horizontal plane and are higher than the side wing plates 4, and the inner ends of the two top cover plates 6 are respectively connected to the two ends of the arc-shaped cover plate 3, and the outer ends are respectively connected to the outer end of a corresponding side wing plate 4 through a vertically positioned end cover plate 7.

[0028] Furthermore, the web plate 8 is provided in multiple portions and is evenly spaced along the short side of the base plate 2; each web plate 8 is vertically arranged and its surface is parallel to the long side of the base plate 2, its top edge is connected to the lower surface of the arc-shaped cover plate 3 and the top cover plate 6, and its bottom edge is connected to the upper surface of the base plate 2, the bottom cover plate 5, and the side wing plate 4; the web plate 8 is used to transfer the load of the heavy container 1 downward to the foundation; The supporting structure further includes: multiple stiffening plates 9, the surface of which is perpendicular to the surface of the web plate 8 and is spaced apart along the long side of the web plate 8; the top edge of each stiffening plate 9 is connected to the lower surface of the arc-shaped cover plate 3 or the top cover plate 6, and the bottom edge is connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate 2 or the side wing plate 4, and the two sides of each stiffening plate 9 are connected to the two web plates 8 located in the outer layer, so as to improve the out-of-plane stability of the web plate 8 and the load-bearing capacity of the supporting structure.

[0029] Furthermore, multiple operating holes 10 are provided on the two outer web plates 8, through which the stiffening plate 9 is welded to the outer web plate 8. Simultaneously, the multiple operating holes 10 are staggered along the height direction of the web plates 8, ensuring that the effective cross-sectional areas corresponding to different cross-sections along the height direction of the web plates 8 are approximately equal. This avoids the weakest cross-section where stress concentration is most severe due to a sudden reduction in effective cross-sectional area caused by the opening of the operating holes 10. The effective cross-sectional area refers to the area of ​​the solid metal cross-section of the web plate 8 at the corresponding cross-section after deducting the area occupied by the operating holes 10 on that cross-section.

[0030] Compared to the single-web structure of saddles in existing technologies, the support structure of this invention employs multiple layers of evenly spaced webs 8. The load is transmitted downwards through multiple webs 8, resulting in a more uniform load distribution on the base plate 1, reducing local pressure on the foundation, and increasing the support structure's resistance to bending moments caused by friction. Preferably, the number of webs 8 is three.

[0031] Furthermore, both the bottom plane and the two side wing surfaces can serve as support surfaces: When heavy container 1 needs to be placed for a long time or undergo hydrostatic testing, bottom plane support is used to increase stability and reduce the load per unit area of ​​the foundation. When the heavy container 1 needs to be lifted or lowered, and the on-site crane lifting capacity is insufficient, the side wing surface can be used for support. Jacks or hydraulic cylinders can be installed under the side wing surface to lift or lower the heavy container 1, reducing the dependence on the crane.

[0032] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a method for calculating the strength of a heavy-duty support structure comprising multiple support surfaces, the method comprising the following steps: S1. When the heavy support structure adopts bottom plane support, perform stress analysis on it, determine the key section, and perform stress analysis and strength calculation on the key section.

[0033] When the bottom plane is the supporting surface, its force analysis is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown. Under the total load Q of the heavy container 1, the supporting structure is subjected to a radial force q from the heavy container 1, and simultaneously to a foundation support force T, which is opposite in direction and equal in magnitude to Q. The supporting structure is not welded to the heavy container 1. When the heavy container 1 is subjected to internal pressure or thermal expansion (such as during a hydrostatic test), there is a tendency for relative sliding between the supporting structure and the heavy container 1. Therefore, a frictional force F along the axis of the heavy container 1 is generated on the contact surface between the supporting structure and the heavy container 1. f The foundation also generates a frictional force F on the heavy support structure. g The two frictional forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction.

[0034] It is not difficult to see that, under this working condition, sections AA and BB are the critical sections. Section AA is the horizontal root section of the web 8, that is, the cross section of the web 8 immediately adjacent to the bottom plate 2; section BB is the vertical symmetry center section of the supporting structure, which passes through the center of the cross section of the heavy container 1 and divides the supporting structure into two symmetrical parts.

[0035] Friction force F f Shear force and bending moment M1 are generated at section AA. In addition, section AA is also subjected to compressive force caused by the total load Q.

[0036] The horizontal component of the radial force q generates a horizontal thrust F on section BB, and the horizontal thrust F generates a bending moment M2 on section BB.

[0037] Step S1 further includes the following steps: S1.1 Perform stress analysis and strength verification on section AA.

[0038] a) The forces acting on section AA include: Frictional force F between heavy container 1 and its supporting structure f The shear force and bending moment generated at section AA; The total load Q acts on section AA and generates compressive stress.

[0039] Among them, frictional force F f The expression is: (1) In the formula, f is the static friction coefficient between the bottom contact surface of the heavy container 1 and the bearing surface of the supporting structure (i.e., the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped cover plate 3). In a specific embodiment of the present invention, both the heavy container 1 and the supporting structure are steel parts, and f is the static friction coefficient between steel and steel; R is the cross-sectional radius of the heavy container 1. For variables Differential elements; such as Figure 3 As shown, θ is the total contact angle between the supporting structure and the heavy container 1; β is the obtuse angle between the edge of the contact surface and the vertical center line of the cross section of the heavy container 1, β=π-θ / 2; The obtuse angle is formed by the radial line of any point on the contact surface between the support structure and the heavy container 1 and the perpendicular center line of the cross section of the heavy container 1.

[0040] The frictional force F in equation (1) above f A shear force will be generated at section AA, and the magnitude of this shear force is related to the frictional force F. f They are the same size; Friction force F f A bending moment M1 is also generated at section AA. The expression for bending moment M1 is: (2) In the formula, H is the first lever arm, which is the vertical distance from the lowest point of the bottom of the heavy container 1 to section AA.

[0041] b) Strength check of section AA: Bending stress generated by bending moment M1 on section AA The expression is: In the formula, W A-A It is the flexural modulus of section AA, which is determined by the shape and size of section AA.

[0042] The compressive stress generated by the total load Q on section AA The expression is: In the formula, A is the area of ​​section AA.

[0043] Friction force F f Shear stress generated on section AA The expression is: Furthermore, according to the fourth strength theory, the combined stress on section AA is: To ensure the safety of the supporting structure, the criterion for the strength check of section AA is: the combined stress on section AA should not exceed the allowable compressive stress of the supporting structure material.

[0044] S1.2 Perform stress analysis and strength verification on section BB.

[0045] a) The forces acting on section BB include: The horizontal thrust F is expressed as follows: The bending moment M2 generated by the horizontal thrust at section BB is expressed as follows: b) Strength check of BB section: According to Zick's semi-empirical method, this horizontal thrust F is only borne by the composite surface of the web and other surfaces within a vertical range of R / 3 below the lowest point of the bottom of the cylindrical heavy container 1.

[0046] The tensile stress generated by the horizontal thrust F at section BB The expression is: In the formula, A B-B It is the effective area in section BB that actually participates in bearing the horizontal thrust F, specifically defined as the local area within section BB located within a vertical range of R / 3 below the lowest point of the bottom of the heavy container 1.

[0047] Bending stress generated by bending moment M2 at section BB The expression is: In the formula W B-B It is the flexural modulus of the BB section, which is determined by the shape and size of the BB section.

[0048] Furthermore, the combined stress on section BB is: The criterion for strength verification of section BB is: the combined stress on section BB should be less than the allowable stress of the supporting structural material.

[0049] S2. When the heavy support structure adopts two-sided wing support, perform stress analysis on it, determine the key section, and perform stress analysis and strength calculation on the key section.

[0050] When the two wing surfaces are the supporting surfaces, the force analysis is as follows: Figure 5 As shown. Under the total load Q of the heavy container 1, the supporting structure is subjected to a radial force q from the heavy container 1, while the two side flanges are respectively subjected to a supporting reaction force of magnitude Q / 2, the direction of which is opposite to the direction of Q.

[0051] Since the support structure of this invention is symmetrical, with symmetrically arranged side wings, the stress analysis of the two side wings is the same. It is easy to see that, under this condition, the CC and BB sections are critical sections. Specifically, the CC section is the vertical section where the connection line between the side wing plate and the bottom cover plate is located.

[0052] Section C-C bears the shear force and bending moment caused by the support reaction force Q / 2.

[0053] The horizontal component of the radial force q generates a horizontal thrust F on the BB section. In addition, the BB section will also be subjected to bending moment under the combined action of the radial force q and the support reaction force Q / 2.

[0054] Step S2 further includes the following steps: S2.1 Perform stress analysis and strength verification on the CC section.

[0055] a) such as Figure 6 As shown, section CC is subjected to shear force and bending moment generated by the support reaction force Q / 2; The magnitude of the shear force is Q / 2; The expression for bending moment M1' is: In the formula, L is the second lever arm, which is the vertical distance from the line of action of the resultant force of the supporting reaction force Q / 2 to the CC section.

[0056] b) Strength check of CC section: Bending stress generated by bending moment M1' at section CC The expression is: In the formula W C-C It is the flexural modulus of the CC section, which is determined by the shape and size of the CC section.

[0057] Shear stress generated by the support reaction force Q / 2 at section CC The expression is: In the formula, A C-C Refers to the area of ​​the CC cross section.

[0058] According to the fourth strength theory, the combined compressive stress on section CC is: The criterion for strength verification of the CC section is: the combined stress on the CC section should not exceed the allowable compressive stress of the supporting structural material.

[0059] S2.2 Perform stress analysis and strength verification on section BB.

[0060] a) such as Figure 7 As shown, the horizontal component of the radial force q generates a horizontal thrust F' at section BB. Furthermore, the combined effect of the support reaction Q / 2 and the radial force q produces the largest bending moment at and near section BB.

[0061] First, calculate the horizontal thrust F' generated by the radial force q acting on section BB.

[0062] According to Zick's semi-empirical method, the expression for the radial force q per unit length is as follows: According to equation (16), the expression for the horizontal thrust F' generated by the horizontal component of q at section BB can be derived as follows: Then calculate the bending moment borne by section BB by the combined radial force q and the support force Q / 2. .

[0063] According to equation (16), the bending moment M of the vertical component of q at section BB can be derived. 21 for: The bending moment M generated by the supporting force Q / 2 on section BB 22 for: In the formula, The third lever arm is the vertical distance from the line of action of the resultant force of the supporting reaction force Q / 2 to the section BB.

[0064] It should be noted that the horizontal component of the radial force q also generates a bending moment at section BB, but this bending moment is different from that of M. 22 Since they are in opposite directions, they will cancel each other out. However, for the sake of engineering conservatism and to increase the structural safety margin, the bending moment that cancels out in the opposite direction can be ignored in the calculation.

[0065] Therefore, the bending moment borne on section BB for: b) Strength check of BB section: According to Zick's semi-empirical method, this horizontal thrust F' is only borne by the combined surfaces such as the web within a vertical range of R / 3 below the lowest point of the bottom of the cylindrical heavy container 1.

[0066] The tensile stress generated by the horizontal thrust F' at section BB The expression is: In the formula, A B-B It is the effective area in section BB that actually participates in bearing the horizontal thrust F, specifically defined as the local area within section BB located within a vertical range of R / 3 below the lowest point of the bottom of the heavy container 1.

[0067] Bending moment Bending stress generated at section BB The expression is: In the formula, W B-B It is the flexural modulus of the BB section.

[0068] Furthermore, the combined stress on section BB is: The criterion for strength verification of section BB is: the combined stress on section BB should be less than the allowable stress of the supporting structural material.

[0069] S3. Strength verification of the remaining stiffening plates, cover plates, etc. in the supporting structure can be performed by referring to the relevant calculation formulas for saddles and lug supports in standard NB / T47065.

[0070] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0071] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "height," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0072] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0073] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0074] Although the present invention has been described in detail through the preferred embodiments above, it should be understood that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. Various modifications and substitutions to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the strength of a heavy-duty support structure comprising multiple support surfaces, the support structure being used to support a cylindrical horizontal heavy-duty container, characterized in that, The supporting structure includes: a base plate; an arc-shaped cover plate located above the base plate; two side wing plates, each connected to both ends of the base plate via a first connecting part and to both ends of the arc-shaped cover plate via a second connecting part; and a web plate vertically disposed between the base plate and the arc-shaped cover plate; wherein the lower surface of the base plate is the bottom plane, and the lower surface of the side wing plates is the side wing surface, and both the bottom plane and the two side wing surfaces can serve as supporting surfaces; The strength calculation method includes the following steps: S1. When the supporting structure adopts bottom plane support, perform stress analysis on it, determine the key sections, and perform stress analysis and strength calculation on the key sections; When the bottom plane is the supporting surface, under the total load Q of the heavy container, the supporting structure is subjected to a radial force q from the heavy container and a frictional force F along the axis of the heavy container. f It is simultaneously subjected to the supporting force T and the frictional force F from the foundation. g Where T and Q are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction, and F g With F f They are equal in size and opposite in direction; Sections AA and BB are identified as critical sections; section AA is the horizontal root section of the web, i.e., the cross section of the web immediately adjacent to the bottom plate; section BB is the vertical symmetry center section of the supporting structure. S2. When the supporting structure adopts two-sided wing support, perform stress analysis on it, determine the key section, and perform stress analysis and strength calculation on the key section; When the two wing surfaces are the supporting surfaces, under the action of the total load Q of the heavy container, the supporting structure is subjected to a radial force q from the heavy container, and at the same time, the two wing surfaces are subjected to a supporting reaction force of magnitude Q / 2, and the direction of the supporting reaction force is opposite to the direction of Q. The stress analysis of the two side wing surfaces is the same; the CC section and the BB section are the key sections; the CC section is the vertical section where the connection line between the side wing plate and the first connecting part is located.

2. The strength calculation method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: Force analysis of section AA: Frictional force F of heavy container on supporting structure f Shear force and bending moment are generated at section AA; The total load Q is applied to section AA, generating compressive stress; Among them, frictional force F f The expression is: In the formula, f is the friction coefficient between the bottom contact surface of the heavy container and the bearing surface of the supporting structure; R is the cross-sectional radius of the heavy container; θ is the total contact angle between the supporting structure and the heavy container; β is the obtuse angle between the edge of the contact surface and the vertical center line of the cross-section of the heavy container, β=π-θ / 2; The obtuse angle between the radial line containing any point on the contact surface between the support structure and the heavy container and the perpendicular center line of the heavy container's cross-section; Friction force F f The magnitude of the shear force generated at section AA is related to the frictional force F. f They are the same size; Friction force F f The expression for the bending moment M1 generated at section AA is: In the formula, H is the first lever arm, which is the vertical distance from the lowest point of the bottom of the heavy container to section AA.

3. The strength calculation method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: Strength check of section AA: Bending stress generated by bending moment M1 on section AA The expression is: In the formula, W A-A It is the flexural modulus of section AA; The compressive stress generated by the total load Q on section AA The expression is: In the formula, A is the area of ​​section AA; Friction force F f Shear stress generated on section AA The expression is: The combined stress on section AA is: The criterion for strength verification of section AA is: the combined stress on section AA should not exceed the allowable compressive stress of the supporting structural material.

4. The strength calculation method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: Force analysis of section BB: The BB section is subjected to a horizontal thrust F, the expression for which is: In the formula, R is the cross-sectional radius of the heavy container; θ is the total contact angle between the supporting structure and the heavy container; β is the obtuse angle between the edge of the contact surface and the vertical center line of the heavy container cross-section, β=π-θ / 2; The obtuse angle between the radial line containing any point on the contact surface between the support structure and the heavy container and the perpendicular center line of the heavy container's cross-section; The horizontal thrust generates a bending moment M2 at section BB, and its expression is: 。 5. The strength calculation method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: Strength check of section BB: The tensile stress generated by the horizontal thrust F at section BB The expression is: In the formula, A B-B It is the local area within the BB section located within a vertical range of R / 3 below the lowest point of the bottom of the heavy container; Bending stress generated by bending moment M2 at section BB The expression is: In the formula W B-B It is the flexural modulus of section BB; The combined stress on section BB is: The criterion for strength verification of section B is: the combined stress on section BB should be less than the allowable stress of the supporting structural material.

6. The strength calculation method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: Force analysis of section CC: Section CC is subjected to shear force and bending moment generated by the support reaction force Q / 2; The magnitude of the shear force is Q / 2; The expression for bending moment M1' is: In the formula, L is the second lever arm, which is the vertical distance from the line of action of the resultant force of the supporting reaction force Q / 2 to the CC section.

7. The strength calculation method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: Strength check of CC section: Bending stress generated by bending moment M1' at section CC The expression is: In the formula, W C-C It is the flexural modulus of the CC section; Shear stress generated by the support reaction force Q / 2 at section CC The expression is: In the formula A C-C The area of ​​the CC section; The combined compressive stress on section CC is: The criterion for strength verification of the CC section is: the combined stress on the CC section should not exceed the allowable compressive stress of the supporting structural material.

8. The strength calculation method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: Force analysis of section BB: First, calculate the horizontal thrust F' generated by the radial force q acting on section BB; The expression for the radial force q per unit length is as follows: Based on the above formula, the expression for the horizontal thrust F' generated by the horizontal component of q at section BB is derived as follows: Then calculate the bending moment borne by section BB due to the combined radial force q and the support force Q / 2. ; The vertical component of q at section BB has a bending moment M. 21 for: The bending moment M generated by the supporting force Q / 2 on section BB 22 for: In the formula, The third lever arm is the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the resultant force of the supporting reaction force Q / 2 to the section BB. Bending moment on section BB for: .

9. The strength calculation method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: Strength check of section BB: The tensile stress generated by the horizontal thrust F' at section BB The expression is: In the formula, A B-B It is the local area within the BB section located within a vertical range of R / 3 below the lowest point of the bottom of the heavy container; Bending moment Bending stress generated at section BB The expression is: In the formula, W B-B It is the flexural modulus of section BB; The combined stress on section BB is: The criterion for strength verification of section B is: the combined stress on section BB should be less than the allowable stress of the supporting structural material.

10. A heavy-duty support structure comprising multiple support surfaces for supporting a cylindrical horizontal heavy-duty container, characterized in that, include: Base plate; arc A cover plate is located above the base plate; two side wing plates are respectively connected to both ends of the base plate through a first connecting part, and are also respectively connected to both ends of the arc-shaped cover plate through a second connecting part; a web plate is vertically disposed between the arc-shaped cover plate and the base plate; The lower surface of the base plate is the bottom plane, and the lower surface of the side wing plate is the side wing surface. When heavy containers need to be placed for a long time or undergo hydrostatic testing, bottom plane support should be used; When heavy containers need to be lifted or lowered, and the on-site crane lifting capacity is insufficient, side wing surfaces are used for support, and jacks or hydraulic cylinders are installed below the side wing surfaces to lift or lower the heavy containers. The strength of the supporting structure is verified by the strength calculation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images