Atmosphere protection powder feeding type metal 3D printer

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of atmosphere protection powder feeding type additive manufacturing, in particular to an atmosphere protection powder feeding type metal 3D printer which comprises a cabin, a printing table is arranged in an inner cavity of the cabin, an X-axis assembly is installed on the printing table, a right-angle plate is installed on the X-axis assembly, the right-angle plate is connected with a Y-axis assembly, and a Z-axis assembly is installed on the Y-axis assembly. A laser head assembly is installed on the side portion of the Z-axis assembly, a working table plate is arranged below the laser head assembly, and the working table plate is installed above the BC-axis cradle assembly. A powder feeder is fixedly installed on the outer side of the cabin, an air inlet and an air outlet which are communicated with an inner cavity of the cabin are formed in the lower portion of the powder feeder, and an ultrasonic generator is placed in a containing groove in the outer side of the bottom of the cabin. Atmosphere protection can be formed on the periphery of the printing table during 3D printing, local deflagration is avoided, potential risks in the 3D printing process are reduced, the safety degree of 3D printing is improved, and production accidents are completely eradicated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of atmosphere protection powder feeding type additive manufacturing, and specifically discloses an atmosphere protection powder feeding type metal 3D printer. Background Art

[0002] In laser additive manufacturing or laser metal 3D printing, the core technology is the synchronous control of the laser energy spot and material delivery. The material delivery device can continuously, accurately and evenly deliver the cladding material to the processing position, and at the same time, the laser energy spot can be accurately applied to the position, so that the cladding material is instantly melted to form a molten pool. The control system can coordinate the overall equipment so that the laser print head and the delivery mechanism work synchronously to complete the predetermined 3D printing work.

[0003] The utility model patent with authorization announcement number: CN220144768U discloses a laser metal 3D printer, including a frame and a molding groove arranged on the frame, a liftable workbench is arranged in the molding groove, a fixing device for fixing the molding base is arranged on the workbench, the fixing device includes a gear ring and several groups of gears, a locking rod, and a rotating arm, the gear ring is circumferentially rotatably connected to the workbench, a plurality of arc-shaped locking grooves are circumferentially opened on the outer ring of the molding base, the gear is pivotally connected to the workbench and meshed with the gear ring, the shaft of the gear is connected to the locking rod through a rotating arm, and the rotation of the rotating arm can drive the locking rod to rotate into the arc-shaped locking groove, and a motor for driving the gear to rotate is provided at the bottom of the workbench.

[0004] In the disclosed patent technology, the lifting assembly can adjust the vertical height of the workbench in the molding groove, and the locking rod can be unlocked and locked by setting the matching mechanism of the gear ring and the locking rod, so as to facilitate 3D printing of metal. At present, the metals commonly used in 3D printers are active metals such as titanium alloys and aluminum alloys, and this metal often uses micron-level metal powder. During the 3D printing process, under the influence of high temperature, if it encounters water, an exothermic reaction will occur to produce hydrogen, which can easily cause local deflagration and cause metal dust to spontaneously combust and burst. At the least, it will cause shutdown and production, affecting the production progress, and at the worst, it will cause production accidents, causing unpredictable dangers. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the problem of high risk in current 3D printers, the utility model provides an atmosphere-protected powder-feeding metal 3D printer.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An atmosphere-protected powder-feeding metal 3D printer comprises a cabin, a printing table is arranged in the inner cavity of the cabin, an X-axis assembly is mounted on the printing table, a right-angle plate is slidably mounted on the X-axis assembly, a Y-axis assembly is fixedly connected to the right-angle plate, a Z-axis assembly is slidably mounted on the Y-axis assembly, a laser head assembly is fixedly mounted on the side of the Z-axis assembly, a workbench is arranged below the laser head assembly, and the workbench is mounted above a BC-axis cradle assembly; a powder feeder connected to the laser head assembly is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the cabin, an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged below the powder feeder, and the air inlet and the air outlet are both connected to the inner cavity of the cabin; a receiving groove is arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the cabin, and an ultrasonic generator is placed in the receiving groove.

[0008] Preferably, a rotatable door is installed on the cabin, the door is arranged on the outside of the printing table, an operation panel is provided on the side of the door, and a ventilation window is installed on the top of the side of the cabin.

[0009] Preferably, the X-axis assembly includes a first mounting frame fastened to the printing table, an X-axis guide rail is fixedly installed in the first mounting frame, an X-axis lead screw is arranged on the inner side of the X-axis guide rail, an end of the X-axis lead screw is transmission-connected to an X-axis servo motor, and a first receiving block connected to a right-angle plate is installed on the X-axis guide rail and the X-axis lead screw.

[0010] Preferably, the Y-axis assembly includes a second mounting frame fastened to the right-angle plate, a Y-axis guide rail is fixedly installed in the second mounting frame, a Y-axis lead screw is arranged on the inner side of the Y-axis guide rail, the end of the Y-axis lead screw is transmission-connected to the Y-axis servo motor, and a second receiving block connected to the Z-axis assembly is installed on the Y-axis guide rail and the Y-axis lead screw.

[0011] Preferably, the Z-axis assembly includes a third mounting frame fastened to the second supporting block, a Z-axis guide rail is fixedly installed in the third mounting frame, a Z-axis lead screw is arranged on the inner side of the Z-axis guide rail, the end of the Z-axis lead screw is transmission-connected to the Z-axis servo motor, a third supporting block is installed on both the Z-axis guide rail and the Z-axis lead screw, and the third supporting block is fixedly connected to a supporting plate fastened to the laser head assembly.

[0012] Preferably, the BC-axis cradle assembly includes a B-axis servo motor arranged inside the printing table, the B-axis servo motor is transmission-connected to a turntable support, a C-axis servo motor is installed at the bottom of the turntable support, and the C-axis servo motor is transmission-connected to the worktable.

[0013] Preferably, a fixture is installed on the upper surface of the workbench.

[0014] Preferably, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are fixedly installed on the outside of the cabin, a water cooling pipeline for connection is provided between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, and the water cooling pipeline is arranged in the inner cavity of the cabin.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The X-axis assembly, Y-axis assembly, and Z-axis assembly in the utility model can perform three-axis adjustment on the laser head assembly, and the BC-axis cradle assembly can perform two-axis adjustment on the worktable, thereby realizing five-axis linkage and further improving the printing quality of 3D printed products; and by setting an air inlet and an air outlet, an inert gas can be input into the inner cavity of the cabin, which can not only discharge the oxygen and water inside, but also form an atmosphere protection on the periphery of the printing table to avoid local explosion and reduce the potential danger of active metal powders, such as aluminum alloy and titanium alloy powders, in the 3D printing process, thereby improving the safety of 3D printing and preventing the occurrence of production accidents. In addition to effectively reducing safety risks, it also reduces the process of metal oxidation in the 3D printing process, further improving the production quality of formed workpieces, and therefore has a very broad application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the back side of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the printing table of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the X-axis component structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the Y-axis component structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the Z-axis component structure of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the BC axis cradle assembly of the utility model;

[0026] In the figure: 1. Cabin, 2. Printing table, 3. X-axis assembly, 301. First mounting frame, 302. X-axis guide rail, 303. X-axis lead screw, 304. X-axis servo motor, 305. First receiving block, 4. Right angle plate, 401. Second mounting frame, 402. Y-axis guide rail, 403. Y-axis lead screw, 404. Y-axis servo motor, 405. Second receiving block, 5. Y-axis assembly, 6. Z-axis assembly, 601. Third mounting frame, 602. Z-axis guide rail, 603. Z-axis lead screw, 604. Z-axis servo motor, 605. receiving plate, 7. laser head assembly, 8. work table, 9. BC-axis cradle assembly, 901. B-axis servo motor, 902. turntable support, 903. C-axis servo motor, 10. powder feeder, 11. air inlet, 12. air outlet, 13. receiving tank, 14. ultrasonic generator, 15. hatch, 16. operation panel, 17. ventilation window, 18. fixture, 19. water inlet pipe, 20. water outlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the technical scheme of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the specific embodiment. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0028] This specific embodiment provides an atmosphere-protected powder-feeding metal 3D printer, such as Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown; an atmosphere-protected powder-feeding metal 3D printer includes a cabin 1, which is a protective shell of the device, and an internal cavity is arranged inside the cabin 1, and the internal cavity is isolated from the outside. A printing table 2 is arranged in the inner cavity of the cabin 1, and a cabin door 15 is arranged on the outer side of the printing table 2. The cabin door 15 is rotatably mounted on the cabin 1. By setting the cabin door 15, it is convenient for operators to take out printed products, and a window for observation is arranged on the cabin door 15, which is convenient for operators to observe the printing process; an operation panel 16 is arranged on the side of the cabin door 15, and the operation panel 16 is a human-computer interaction page, which is convenient for operators to perform real-time operations; a ventilation partition window 17 is installed on the top of the side of the cabin 1, and the ventilation partition window 17 is conducive to heat dissipation and exhaust.

[0029] An X-axis assembly 3 is installed on the printing table 2, and the X-axis assembly 3 is arranged along the X-axis direction. The X-axis assembly 3 includes a first mounting frame 301 that is fastened to the printing table 2, and the first mounting frame 301 is arranged along the X-axis direction. An inner groove is provided in the first mounting frame 301, and an X-axis guide rail 302 is fixedly installed in the inner groove of the first mounting frame 301. The X-axis guide rails 302 are provided with two and are symmetrically arranged. An X-axis lead screw 303 is arranged between the two X-axis guide rails 302, and an X-axis servo motor 304 is connected to the end of the X-axis lead screw 303, and the X-axis servo motor 304 can be used to drive the X-axis lead screw 303 to rotate; the X-axis guide rails 302 and the X-axis lead screw 303 are both installed with a first receiving block 305, and each first receiving block 305 is commonly connected to a right angle plate 4, and the outer surface of the right angle plate 4 in the X-axis direction is fastened to each first receiving block 305.

[0030] The Y-axis assembly 5 is fixedly connected to the outer plane of the right-angle plate 4 in the Y-axis direction. The Y-axis assembly 5 includes a second mounting frame 401 that is fastened to the right-angle plate 4, the second mounting frame 401 is arranged along the Y-axis direction, a Y-axis guide rail 402 is fixedly installed in the inner groove of the second mounting frame 401, two Y-axis guide rails 402 are provided and are symmetrically arranged, a Y-axis lead screw 403 is arranged between the two Y-axis guide rails 402, a Y-axis servo motor 404 is drivingly connected to the end of the Y-axis lead screw 403, and a second receiving block 405 is installed on the Y-axis guide rail 402 and the Y-axis lead screw 403, and each second receiving block 405 is connected to the Z-axis assembly 6. The Z-axis assembly 6 includes a third mounting frame 601 which is fastened to the second supporting block 405, the third mounting frame 601 is arranged along the Z-axis direction, a Z-axis guide rail 602 is fixedly installed in the inner groove of the third mounting frame 601, a Z-axis lead screw 603 is arranged on the inner side of the Z-axis guide rail 602, and a Z-axis servo motor 604 is transmission-connected to the end of the Z-axis lead screw 603, a third supporting block is installed on the Z-axis guide rail 602 and the Z-axis lead screw 603, each third supporting block is fixedly connected to a supporting plate 605, and a laser head assembly 7 is fixedly installed on the side of the supporting plate 605.

[0031] The laser head assembly 7 includes a powder feed pipeline, a housing, and a laser head; the powder feed pipeline is connected to a powder feeder 10, and two powder feeders 10 are provided and fixedly installed on the outside of the cabin 1. The powder feeder 10 can transport alloy powder to the laser head assembly 7, and 3D printing is performed through the laser head. The laser head of the laser head assembly 7 is arranged vertically downward along the Z axis; a workbench 8 is arranged below the laser head assembly 7, and the workbench 8 is fixedly installed above the BC axis cradle assembly 9. The BC-axis cradle assembly 9 includes a B-axis servo motor 901. A groove is provided inside the printing table 2. The B-axis servo motor 901 is arranged in the groove. The output end of the B-axis servo motor 901 faces the outside of the printing table 2. The output end of the B-axis servo motor 901 is transmission-connected to a turntable support 902. The B-axis servo motor 901 can drive the turntable support 902 to rotate along the B-axis direction. A C-axis servo motor 903 is installed at the bottom of the turntable support 902. The shell of the C-axis servo motor 903 is fastened to the bottom surface of the turntable support 902. The output end of the C-axis servo motor 903 is transmission-connected to the worktable plate 8. The C-axis servo motor 903 can drive the worktable plate 8 to rotate along the C-axis.

[0032] The upper surface of the workbench 8 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, on which a fixture 18 is mounted. When the laser head assembly 7 performs 3D printing, the fixture 18 can stably clamp the 3D product, thereby ensuring its stability.

[0033] An air inlet 11 and an air outlet 12 are provided below the powder feeder 10. The air inlet 11 and the air outlet 12 are connected to the inner cavity of the cabin 1. The air inlet 11 can be connected to an external inert gas supply device. The inert gas supply device can input inert gas into the inner cavity of the cabin 1 through the air inlet 11, so that the water and oxygen in the cabin 1 are discharged from the air outlet 12, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the interior of the cabin 1. A receiving groove 13 is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the cabin 1, and an ultrasonic generator 14 is placed in the receiving groove 13. The ultrasonic generator 14 can effectively improve the microstructure of the printed product, enhance the density of the printed product, and reduce internal defects when the laser head assembly 7 performs 3D printing.

[0034] In addition, a water inlet pipe 19 and a water outlet pipe 20 are fixedly installed on the outside of the cabin 1, and a water cooling pipeline for connection is provided between the water inlet pipe 19 and the water outlet pipe 20, and the water cooling pipeline is arranged in the inner cavity of the cabin 1. By providing a water cooling pipeline connected to the water inlet pipe 19 and the water outlet pipe 20, the temperature inside the cabin 1 can be effectively reduced, which is convenient for dissipating the heat in the cabin 1 during 3D printing.

[0035] The working principle of the utility model is:

[0036] Before the utility model performs 3D printing, an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen is introduced into the inner cavity of the cabin 1 through the air inlet 11, so that the oxygen and water inside it are discharged from the air outlet 12, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the interior of the cabin 1 and forming an atmosphere protection in the inner cavity of the cabin 1; the laser head assembly 7 can receive the alloy powder transmitted by the powder feeder 10, and perform 3D printing under the action of the laser head, and the 3D product printed by the laser head assembly 7 can be placed on the workbench 8, and the laser head assembly 7 can be adjusted in three axes through the X-axis component 3, the Y-axis component 5, and the Z-axis component 6, and the workbench 8 can be adjusted in two axes through the BC-axis cradle component 9, thereby realizing five-axis linkage.

[0037] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An atmosphere-protected powder-feeding metal 3D printer, comprising a cabin (1), characterized in that: A printing table (2) is arranged in the inner cavity of the cabin (1), an X-axis assembly (3) is installed on the printing table (2), a right-angle plate (4) is slidably installed on the X-axis assembly (3), a Y-axis assembly (5) is fixedly connected to the right-angle plate (4), a Z-axis assembly (6) is slidably installed on the Y-axis assembly (5), a laser head assembly (7) is fixedly installed on the side of the Z-axis assembly (6), a workbench (8) is arranged below the laser head assembly (7), and the workbench (8) 8) is installed above the BC axis cradle assembly (9); a powder feeder (10) connected to the laser head assembly (7) is fixedly installed on the outside of the cabin (1), and an air inlet (11) and an air outlet (12) are arranged below the powder feeder (10), and the air inlet (11) and the air outlet (12) are both connected to the inner cavity of the cabin (1); a receiving groove (13) is arranged on the outside of the bottom of the cabin (1), and an ultrasonic generator (14) is placed in the receiving groove (13).

2. The atmosphere-protected powder-feeding metal 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cabin (1) is provided with a rotatable cabin door (15), the cabin door (15) is arranged on the outside of the printing table (2), an operation panel (16) is provided on the side of the cabin door (15), and a ventilation partition window (17) is installed on the top of the side of the cabin (1).

3. The atmosphere-protected powder-feeding metal 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis assembly (3) comprises a first mounting frame (301) which is fixedly connected to the printing table (2); an X-axis guide rail (302) is fixedly installed in the first mounting frame (301); an X-axis lead screw (303) is arranged on the inner side of the X-axis guide rail (302); an X-axis servo motor (304) is connected to the end of the X-axis lead screw (303); and a first receiving block (305) connected to the right-angle plate (4) is installed on both the X-axis guide rail (302) and the X-axis lead screw (303).

4. The atmosphere-protected powder-feeding metal 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis assembly (5) comprises a second mounting frame (401) which is fixedly connected to the right-angle plate (4); a Y-axis guide rail (402) is fixedly installed in the second mounting frame (401); a Y-axis lead screw (403) is arranged on the inner side of the Y-axis guide rail (402); a Y-axis servo motor (404) is connected to the end of the Y-axis lead screw (403); and a second receiving block (405) connected to the Z-axis assembly (6) is installed on both the Y-axis guide rail (402) and the Y-axis lead screw (403).

5. The atmosphere-protected powder-feeding metal 3D printer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The Z-axis assembly (6) comprises a third mounting frame (601) which is rigidly connected to the second receiving block (405); a Z-axis guide rail (602) is fixedly mounted in the third mounting frame (601); a Z-axis lead screw (603) is arranged on the inner side of the Z-axis guide rail (602); the end of the Z-axis lead screw (603) is transmission-connected to a Z-axis servo motor (604); a third receiving block is mounted on both the Z-axis guide rail (602) and the Z-axis lead screw (603); and the third receiving block is fixedly connected to a receiving plate (605) which is rigidly connected to the laser head assembly (7).

6. The atmosphere-protected powder-feeding metal 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The BC-axis cradle assembly (9) comprises a B-axis servo motor (901) arranged inside the printing table (2); the B-axis servo motor (901) is drivingly connected to a turntable support (902); a C-axis servo motor (903) is installed at the bottom of the turntable support (902); and the C-axis servo motor (903) is drivingly connected to a worktable plate (8).

7. The atmosphere-protected powder-feeding metal 3D printer according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fixture (18) is installed on the upper surface of the workbench (8).

8. The atmosphere-protected powder-feeding metal 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water inlet pipe (19) and a water outlet pipe (20) are fixedly installed on the outside of the cabin (1), a water cooling pipeline for connection is provided between the water inlet pipe (19) and the water outlet pipe (20), and the water cooling pipeline is arranged in the inner cavity of the cabin (1).

Images