Dual-polarized antenna and communication-in-motion phased array system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dual polarized antenna and communication-in-motion phased array system, which comprises a coupling feed layer, a main radiation patch layer and a parasitic radiation patch layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the coupling feed layer is provided with a horizontal slot feed and a vertical slot feed, the horizontal slot feed comprises a horizontal band-shaped feed line and a horizontal slot, and the vertical slot feed comprises a vertical band-shaped feed line and a vertical band-shaped feed line. The vertical slot feeder comprises a vertical band-shaped feeder line and a vertical slot, the horizontal band-shaped feeder line and the vertical band-shaped feeder line are orthogonally distributed at intervals, and the horizontal slot and the vertical slot are orthogonally distributed at intervals. According to the dual-polarized antenna, the coupled feed layer, the main radiation patch layer and the parasitic radiation patch layer are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and the coupled feed layer realizes a strip line coupled feed mode through the horizontal strip feeder line and the vertical strip feeder line, so that the bandwidth is widened while the profile height of the dual-polarized antenna is not increased; and double patches are realized through the main radiation patch and the parasitic radiation patch, so that the gain of the dual-polarized antenna is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of radar antennas, in particular to a dual-polarization antenna and a communication-in-motion phased array system. Background Art

[0002] As an important component of the moving phased array, the antenna is responsible for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic wave signals. In order to realize the automatic alignment of satellite beams in the moving phased array in a mobile environment, and to realize the reception of arbitrary linear polarization signals and automatic polarization tracking, dual-polarization antennas are usually used. Dual-polarization antennas are often implemented using orthogonal dual-fed microstrip patch antennas. Microstrip antennas have the characteristics of low profile and easy integration, but their impedance bandwidth is very narrow, generally only 1% ∽ 3%. At present, in order to expand the bandwidth, the aperture coupling feeding method is usually used, but in the dual-polarization antenna unit with orthogonal dual feed, the mutual coupling between the two feed lines leads to a serious deterioration of the antenna indicators. It is necessary to place the two polarization feed lines on different layers to increase the profile height of the antenna. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to overcome the shortcoming of high cross-section height of the dual-polarized antenna in the prior art and provide a dual-polarized antenna and a communication-in-motion phased array system.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model provides a dual-polarized antenna, comprising a coupling feed layer, a main radiation patch layer and a parasitic radiation patch layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top, wherein the coupling feed layer is provided with a horizontal slot feed and a vertical slot feed,

[0005] The horizontal slot feed includes a horizontal strip feed line and a horizontal slot, the vertical slot feed includes a vertical strip feed line and a vertical slot, the horizontal strip feed line and the vertical strip feed line are orthogonally distributed, and the horizontal slot and the vertical slot are orthogonally distributed.

[0006] In one of the optional technical solutions, the coupling feed layer includes a lower grounding plate and an upper grounding plate arranged in sequence from bottom to top, the lower grounding plate is provided with the horizontal strip feed line and the vertical strip feed line, and the upper grounding plate is provided with the horizontal gap and the vertical gap.

[0007] In one of the optional technical solutions, the coupling feed layer further includes a plurality of shielding vias isolating the horizontal strip feed line and the vertical strip feed line, one end of the shielding via is connected to the lower ground plane, and the other end of the shielding via is connected to the upper ground plane.

[0008] In one of the optional technical solutions, the horizontal strip feeder and the vertical strip feeder both include a strip feeder main body and a strip feeder branch connected to a signal port, the strip feeder main body is orthogonally distributed with respect to the horizontal gap and the vertical gap, and the strip feeder branch is connected to the strip feeder main body.

[0009] In one of the optional technical solutions, the strip feeder body includes a first connecting portion, a first bending portion, and a second connecting portion, one end of the first connecting portion is connected to the strip feeder branch, the other end of the first connecting portion is connected to one end of the first bending portion, and the other end of the first bending portion is connected to the second connecting portion.

[0010] In one of the optional technical solutions, the horizontal gap and the vertical gap are hourglass-shaped gaps.

[0011] In one of the optional technical solutions, the main radiation patch layer includes a first dielectric plate and a main radiation patch, and the main radiation patch is arranged on the first dielectric plate.

[0012] In one of the optional technical solutions, the parasitic radiation patch layer includes a second dielectric plate and a parasitic radiation patch, and the parasitic radiation patch is arranged on the second dielectric plate.

[0013] In one of the optional technical solutions, it further includes a substrate and a metal enclosure, the coupling feed layer, the main radiation patch layer and the parasitic radiation patch layer are arranged on the substrate, and the metal enclosure is arranged around the substrate.

[0014] The technical solution of the utility model also provides a communication-in-motion phased array system, comprising the dual-polarization antenna as described above.

[0015] After adopting the above technical solution, the following beneficial effects are achieved: by arranging the coupled feed layer, the main radiation patch layer and the parasitic radiation patch layer in sequence from bottom to top, the coupled feed layer realizes the stripline coupled feeding mode through the horizontal strip feed line and the vertical strip feed line, thereby widening the bandwidth without increasing the cross-sectional height of the dual-polarized antenna, and realizing dual patches through the main radiation patch and the parasitic radiation patch, thereby improving the gain of the dual-polarized antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The disclosure of the present invention will become easier to understand with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-polarized antenna provided in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a dual-polarized antenna;

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the main radiation patch and the parasitic radiation patch;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coupling feed layer;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-polarized antenna and a solder-free connector;

[0022] Figure 6 is the return loss of the two polarizations of the dual-polarization antenna;

[0023] Figure 7 is the isolation between the two polarizations of the dual-polarization antenna;

[0024] Figure 8 is the horizontal polarization E-plane pattern;

[0025] Fig. 9 is the horizontal polarization H-plane pattern;

[0026] Fig.10 is the vertical polarization E-plane pattern;

[0027] Fig.11 is the vertically polarized H-plane radiation pattern.

[0028] Reference table of reference numerals:

[0029] 10-coupling feed layer; 11-horizontal slot feed; 111-horizontal strip feed line; 1111-strip feed line body; 1112-strip feed line branch; 112-horizontal slot; 12-vertical slot feed; 121-vertical strip feed line; 1211-strip feed line body; 1212-strip feed line branch; 122-vertical slot; 1211-strip feed line body; 1212-strip feed line branch; 13-lower grounding plate; 14-upper grounding plate; 15-shielded via; 20-main radiation patch layer; 21-first dielectric board; 22-main radiation patch; 30-parasitic radiation patch layer; 31-second dielectric board; 32-parasitic radiation patch; 40-substrate; 41-metal fence; 42-solder-free RF connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The specific implementation of the utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] It is easy to understand that according to the technical solution of the utility model, without changing the essential spirit of the utility model, a variety of structural modes and implementation modes can be replaced by those skilled in the art. Therefore, the following specific implementation methods and drawings are only exemplary descriptions of the technical solution of the utility model, and should not be regarded as the entirety of the utility model or as a limitation or restriction on the technical solution of the utility model.

[0032] The directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, front, back, top, bottom, etc. mentioned or may be mentioned in this specification are defined relative to the structures shown in the drawings. They are relative concepts and may change accordingly according to different positions and different usage conditions. Therefore, these or other directional terms should not be interpreted as restrictive terms.

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a dual-polarized antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model comprises a coupling feed layer 10, a main radiation patch layer 20 and a parasitic radiation patch layer 30 arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and a horizontal slot feed 11 and a vertical slot feed 12 are provided on the coupling feed layer 10.

[0034] The horizontal slot feed 11 includes a horizontal strip feed line 111 and a horizontal slot 112, and the vertical slot feed 12 includes a vertical strip feed line 121 and a vertical slot 122. The horizontal strip feed line 111 and the vertical strip feed line 121 are orthogonally spaced, and the horizontal slot 112 and the vertical slot 122 are orthogonally spaced.

[0035] The dual-polarized antenna provided in this embodiment mainly includes a coupling feed layer 10 , a main radiation patch layer 20 and a parasitic radiation patch layer 30 .

[0036] The coupling feed layer 10 is used to excite the main radiation patch layer 20. The coupling feed layer 10 includes a horizontal slot feed 11 and a vertical slot feed 12. The horizontal slot feed 11 includes a horizontal strip feed line 111 and a horizontal slot 112. The horizontal strip feed line 111 is located below the horizontal slot 112. The horizontal strip feed line 111 couples the signal to the horizontal slot 112. The horizontal slot 112 serves as a coupling aperture to excite the main radiation patch layer 20 and the parasitic radiation patch layer 30. The vertical slot feed 12 includes a vertical strip feed line 121 and a vertical slot 122. The vertical strip feed line 121 is located below the vertical slot. The vertical strip feed line 121 couples the signal to the vertical slot 122. The vertical slot 122 serves as a coupling aperture to excite the main radiation patch layer 20 and the parasitic radiation patch layer 30. The horizontal strip feed lines 111 and the vertical strip feed lines 121 are arranged orthogonally, and the horizontal slots 112 and the vertical slots 122 are arranged orthogonally, so as to realize horizontal polarization and vertical polarization.

[0037] It should be noted that the horizontal slot feed 11 can be in a direction parallel to the horizontal direction or in a direction forming a certain angle with the horizontal direction; similarly, the vertical slot feed 12 can be in a direction parallel to the vertical direction or in a direction forming a certain angle with the vertical direction, but it is necessary to ensure that the horizontal slot feed 11 and the vertical slot feed 12 are orthogonally distributed.

[0038] The coupling feed layer 10, the main radiation patch layer 20 and the parasitic radiation patch layer 30 are stacked together from bottom to top, and the main radiation patch layer 20 and the parasitic radiation patch layer 30 are used to radiate the signal transmitted from the coupling feed layer 10 into the air.

[0039] In this embodiment, a coupled feed layer, a main radiation patch layer and a parasitic radiation patch layer are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and the coupled feed layer realizes a stripline coupled feeding mode through a horizontal strip feed line and a vertical strip feed line, thereby widening the bandwidth without increasing the cross-sectional height of the dual-polarized antenna, and realizing dual patches through the main radiation patch and the parasitic radiation patch, thereby improving the gain of the dual-polarized antenna.

[0040] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the coupling feed layer 10 includes a lower ground plane 13 and an upper ground plane 14 arranged in sequence from bottom to top, the lower ground plane 13 is provided with a horizontal strip feed line 111 and a vertical strip feed line 121, and the upper ground plane 14 is provided with a horizontal slot 112 and a vertical slot 122.

[0041] The coupling feed layer 10 includes a lower ground plane 13 and an upper ground plane 14. The lower ground plane 13 is provided with a horizontal strip feed line 111 and a vertical strip feed line 121, and the horizontal strip feed line 111 and the vertical strip feed line 121 are orthogonally distributed. The upper ground plane 14 is provided with a horizontal slot 112 and a vertical slot 122, and the horizontal slot 112 and the vertical slot 122 are orthogonally distributed, so that the horizontal strip feed line 111 and the vertical strip feed line 121 are arranged between the lower ground plane 13 and the upper ground plane 14. The lower ground plane 13 effectively reduces the backward radiation caused by the feed line. The upper ground plane 14 can isolate the main radiation patch layer 20 from the coupling feed layer 10, avoid the radiation interference of the feed network, and optimize the antenna function and the feed network respectively.

[0042] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the coupling feed layer 10 further includes a plurality of shielding vias 15 for isolating the horizontal strip feed lines 111 and the vertical strip feed lines 121 , one end of the shielding via 15 is connected to the lower ground plane 13 , and the other end of the shielding via 15 is connected to the upper ground plane 14 .

[0043] The coupling feed layer 10 also includes a plurality of shielding vias 15, which can be arranged between the lower ground plane 13 and the upper ground plane 14 by means of metallized vias. The plurality of shielding vias 15 are used to isolate the horizontal strip feed line 111 and the vertical strip feed line 121, thereby cutting off the transmission path between the horizontal strip feed line 111 and the vertical strip feed line 121, thereby improving the isolation between the two polarizations.

[0044] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the horizontal strip feeder 111 includes a strip feeder main body 1111 and a strip feeder branch 1112 connected to the signal port. The strip feeder main body 1111 and the horizontal slot 112 are orthogonally spaced and distributed, and the strip feeder branch 1112 is connected to the strip feeder main body 1111 to achieve horizontal polarization.

[0045] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the vertical strip feeder 121 includes a strip feeder main body 1211 and a strip feeder branch 1212 connected to the signal port. The strip feeder main body 1211 and the vertical slot 122 are orthogonally spaced and distributed, and the strip feeder branch 1212 is connected to the strip feeder main body 1211 to achieve vertical polarization.

[0046] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the strip feeder main body includes a first connection portion, a first bending portion, and a second connection portion. One end of the first connection portion is connected to the strip feeder branch, the other end of the first connection portion is connected to one end of the first bending portion, and the other end of the first bending portion is connected to the second connection portion. The longitudinal length of the strip feeder main body is reduced through the first bending portion, so that the dual-polarization layout requirements of the antenna are met in a compact size.

[0047] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the horizontal slot 112 and the vertical slot 122 are hourglass-shaped slots, and the centers of the horizontal slot 112 and the vertical slot 122 deviate from the center of the antenna in opposite directions along the Y axis, satisfying the configuration of orthogonal dual-polarization feeding.

[0048] In one embodiment, if Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the main radiation patch layer 20 includes a first dielectric plate 21 and a main radiation patch 22. The main radiation patch 22 is arranged on the first dielectric plate 21. The main radiation patch 22 is supported by the first dielectric plate 21, and no additional support is required, thereby reducing assembly steps.

[0049] In one embodiment, if Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, the parasitic radiation patch layer 30 includes a second dielectric plate 31 and a parasitic radiation patch 32. The parasitic radiation patch 32 is disposed on the second dielectric plate 21. The parasitic radiation patch 32 is supported by the second dielectric plate 31 without additional support, thereby further reducing assembly steps.

[0050] Preferably, the lower grounding plate 13, the upper grounding plate 14, the first dielectric plate 21 and the second dielectric plate 31 are integrally formed by using PCB mixed pressing technology, without the need for additional support, thereby further reducing assembly steps.

[0051] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a substrate 40 and a metal enclosure 41 . The coupling feed layer 10 , the main radiation patch layer 20 and the parasitic radiation patch layer 30 are arranged on the substrate 40 , and the metal enclosure 41 is arranged around the substrate 40 .

[0052] The substrate 40 is used to support the coupled feed layer 10, the main radiation patch layer 20 and the parasitic radiation patch layer 30. The substrate 40 is rectangular in shape. Metal walls 41 are respectively provided around the substrate 40. The metal walls 41 block the radiation paths between the antenna units, thereby improving the isolation between the antenna units when the array is deployed. The metal walls 41 are equivalent to introducing a parasitic radiation conductor, which produces a directional pattern superposition effect with the original radiation, thereby improving the half-power beam width and low elevation angle gain of the dual-polarized antenna, which is beneficial to the wide-angle scanning of the phased array and further improves the cross-polarization ratio of the antenna.

[0053] In one embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, a soldering-free RF connector 42 is provided at the bottom of the substrate 40. The soldering-free RF connector can be realized by a vertical connection method of a combination of glass beads and wool buttons. The soldering-free connector 42 realizes a solder-free and detachable RF contact connection between the dual-polarized antenna and the transceiver module, simplifies the assembly process, and does not require reserved operation holes for welding, thereby realizing a compact and simple design of the dual-polarized antenna, which is conducive to large-scale array formation.

[0054] The simulation software was used to simulate the standing wave isolation and far-field radiation pattern of the above example. The results are as follows: Figure 6-Figure 11 As shown:

[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, the -13dB return loss bandwidth of the dual-polarized antenna of the present application covers 3.6-4.2GHz, the relative bandwidth is 15.38%, and the -10dB relative bandwidth can reach 25.64% (3.43-4.44).

[0056] like Figure 7As shown, the isolation between the two polarizations of the dual-polarization antenna of the present application is greater than 50 dB in the entire working frequency band (3.6-4.2 GHz).

[0057] like Figure 8-Figure 11 As shown, Figure 7 and Figure 8 For the implementation of the horizontal polarization feeding, the E-plane radiation pattern and H-plane radiation pattern in the vertical polarization matching state are shown. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The E-plane radiation pattern and H-plane radiation pattern of the implementation case with vertical polarization feeding and horizontal polarization in matching state. The maximum radiation direction in the implementation case is always along the +Z axis, with a maximum gain of 6.6dBi, a half-power beamwidth of about 90°, and a cross-polarization ratio of about 27dB.

[0058] The above simulation results show that the dual-polarized antenna of the present application has a wider operating bandwidth, higher port isolation, higher gain, wider half-power beamwidth and lower cross-polarization ratio, and is simple to assemble and easy to form an array on a large scale, and is suitable for a wide-angle scanning in-motion phased array system.

[0059] An embodiment of the utility model further provides a communication-in-motion phased array system, comprising the dual-polarization antenna as described above.

[0060] In this embodiment, a coupled feed layer, a main radiation patch layer and a parasitic radiation patch layer are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and the coupled feed layer realizes a stripline coupled feeding mode through a horizontal strip feed line and a vertical strip feed line, thereby widening the bandwidth without increasing the cross-sectional height of the dual-polarized antenna, and realizing dual patches through the main radiation patch and the parasitic radiation patch, thereby improving the gain of the dual-polarized antenna.

[0061] The above description is only the principle and preferred embodiment of the utility model. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, on the basis of the principle of the utility model, several other variations can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A dual-polarized antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a coupling feed layer, a main radiation patch layer and a parasitic radiation patch layer which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top, wherein the coupling feed layer is provided with a horizontal slot feed and a vertical slot feed, The horizontal slot feed includes a horizontal strip feed line and a horizontal slot, the vertical slot feed includes a vertical strip feed line and a vertical slot, the horizontal strip feed line and the vertical strip feed line are orthogonally distributed, and the horizontal slot and the vertical slot are orthogonally distributed.

2. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The coupling feed layer comprises a lower grounding plate and an upper grounding plate which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top, the lower grounding plate is provided with the horizontal strip feeding line and the vertical strip feeding line, and the upper grounding plate is provided with the horizontal slot and the vertical slot.

3. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coupling feed layer further includes a plurality of shielding vias for isolating the horizontal strip feed line and the vertical strip feed line, one end of the shielding via is connected to the lower ground plate, and the other end of the shielding via is connected to the upper ground plate.

4. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The horizontal strip feeder and the vertical strip feeder both include a strip feeder body and a strip feeder branch connected to a signal port. The strip feeder body is orthogonally distributed with respect to the horizontal slot and the vertical slot, and the strip feeder branch is connected to the strip feeder body.

5. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The strip feeder body includes a first connection portion, a first bending portion, and a second connection portion, wherein one end of the first connection portion is connected to the strip feeder branch, the other end of the first connection portion is connected to one end of the first bending portion, and the other end of the first bending portion is connected to the second connection portion.

6. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal gap and the vertical gap are hourglass-shaped gaps.

7. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The main radiation patch layer includes a first dielectric plate and a main radiation patch, and the main radiation patch is arranged on the first dielectric plate.

8. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The parasitic radiation patch layer includes a second dielectric plate and a parasitic radiation patch, and the parasitic radiation patch is arranged on the second dielectric plate.

9. The dual-polarized antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It also includes a substrate and a metal enclosure. The coupling feed layer, the main radiation patch layer and the parasitic radiation patch layer are arranged on the substrate, and the metal enclosure is arranged around the substrate.

10. A moving communication phased array system, characterized in that: Comprising the dual-polarized antenna as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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