Overturn-preventing device for tanker transportation
By setting up a counterweight water tank and automatic adjustment system on the tanker and using seawater as counterweight, the problem of oil tanker's balance imbalance in wind and waves is solved, and the dual guarantee of anti-capsulation and transportation volume is achieved, avoiding the risk of increasing transportation load .
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420976195.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-07
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-08
AI Technical Summary
During transportation, oil tankers have imbalanced balance due to wind and waves caused by weather factors. The prior art such as airbag buoyancy, counterweights and cargo hold water cannot effectively prevent overturning, and it increases transportation load, affecting safety and transportation volume.
Design an anti-capsulse device for oil tanker transportation. By setting up a counterweight water tank on both sides of the hull, drainage holes are provided around the counterweight water tank. The reel and traction rope system are used to immerse the water tank under the water tank in the sea water when tilted, and use sea water as counterweight The tank position and seawater volume are automatically adjusted through the driving component and the tilt detection component to maintain the tank balance.
Effectively prevent oil tankers from capsizing, ensure transportation safety and transportation volume, avoid increasing transportation load, and adapt to balanced needs under different states by automatically adjusting the water tank capacity and load.
Smart Images
Figure CN222310883U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to an anti-overturning device for oil tanker transportation. Background Art
[0002] When a ship is sailing and there are wind and waves on the sea due to uncertain factors such as weather, the ship will shake due to imbalance, and in severe cases, it will even capsize, affecting the personal safety of the crew and the property safety of the cargo on board. In the prior art, some ships use airbag buoyancy to maintain the balance of the ship, some use counterweights to maintain the balance of the ship, and some use water in the cargo hold to maintain the balance of the ship. However, when the ship is a tanker with a very large load, the airbag buoyancy cannot resist the inertia force of the tanker load, the counterweight will increase the load of the tanker, and the water in the cargo hold will affect the transportation volume of the tanker. Therefore, the above three methods are not suitable for preventing capsizing in tanker transportation. Utility Model Content
[0003] The utility model aims to provide an anti-overturning device for oil tanker transportation, which directly uses seawater as a counterweight to keep the oil tanker balanced when the oil tanker is unbalanced and sways, thereby ensuring the anti-overturning effect of the oil tanker while ensuring the transportation volume of the oil tanker and avoiding increasing the load of the oil tanker.
[0004] The above technical objectives of the utility model are achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0005] An anti-capsize device for tanker transportation comprises a counterweight assembly arranged on both sides of a hull, each group of the counterweight assembly comprises a counterweight water tank which is arranged along the length direction of the hull and has an opening at the upper end, and a number of drainage holes are evenly arranged around and on the bottom wall of the counterweight water tank; lifting rings are arranged at both ends of the counterweight water tank, and a winding rack arranged on the hull is provided at the middle position of two counterweight water tanks located at the same end, and a winding shaft arranged along the length direction of the counterweight water tank is positioned and rotatably installed on the winding rack, and two traction ropes with opposite winding directions are wound around each of the winding shafts, and the traction ropes are respectively connected to the lifting rings on the counterweight water tanks close to them; each of the winding shafts is connected to a driving assembly for driving it to rotate, and the driving assembly is connected to a tilt detection assembly for controlling its operation.
[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, when the tanker is in normal transportation, under the action of the reel, traction rope and lifting ring, the two counterweight water tanks are symmetrically located on both sides of the hull to maintain balance. When the tilting group detection component detects the tanker's roll, the control drive component drives the reel to rotate and controls the reel to turn, tightens the traction rope on the tilted side to lift the corresponding counterweight water tank, and loosens the traction rope on the other side to lower the corresponding counterweight water tank below the water surface. Under the action of the drainage hole and the opening at the upper end of the counterweight water tank, seawater quickly enters the counterweight water tank, making the load of the counterweight water tank heavier, so that the tanker tilts to the counterweight side and resets, and according to the tanker's reset balance state, the reel reverses to adjust the depth of the counterweight water tank immersed in the seawater, and the excess seawater is discharged from the drainage hole above the liquid surface, so as to achieve the load adjustment of the counterweight water tank and meet the counterweight anti-overturning in different states. After completing the anti-overturning work, the reel rotates to reset the two counterweight water tanks. During the rising process of the counterweight water tank, seawater is discharged from the drainage hole to avoid increasing the load of the counterweight water tank in the non-working state. Among them, when the tanker is traveling for normal transportation, rainwater that enters the counterweight water tank on rainy days is also discharged through the drainage holes, avoiding increasing the load of the tanker during normal transportation.
[0007] The utility model utilizes two ballast water tanks that can be loosened and immersed in seawater. When the oil tanker loses balance and tilts, the ballast water tank far from the tilted side is immersed in seawater, and the seawater is directly used as a ballast to keep the oil tanker balanced. This not only ensures the anti-overturning effect of the oil tanker, but also does not need to occupy the oil tanker cabin, thereby ensuring the oil tanker's transportation capacity. At the same time, when the oil tanker is transporting normally, there is no load in the ballast water tank, thereby avoiding increasing the transportation load of the oil tanker.
[0008] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a forward motor and a reverse motor respectively located at both ends of the winding shaft and installed on the winding frame, and magnetic disks are respectively provided at both ends of the winding shaft, and electromagnetic suction cups cooperating with the magnetic disks are respectively provided at the ends of the output shafts of the forward motor and the reverse motor.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when the forward motor is working, the electromagnetic suction cup at the end of its output shaft is energized to adsorb the magnetic disk at the end of the reel close to it, and the forward motor drives the reel to rotate forward. During the rotation of the reel, one traction rope is wound and tightened, and the corresponding counterweight water tank rises, and the other traction rope is loosened, and the corresponding counterweight water tank falls under the action of gravity. On the contrary, when the reverse motor is working, the electromagnetic suction cup at the end of its output end is energized to adsorb the magnetic disk at the end of the reel close to it, and the reverse motor drives the reel to reverse, and the tightening and loosening of the two traction ropes are reversed with the forward rotation, and the rising and falling of the two counterweight water tanks are also reversed with the forward rotation. In this way, the forward motor and the reverse motor are used to control the reel to rotate forward or reverse according to the tilt of the tanker detected by the tilt detection component, so that the counterweight water tank on the tilted side rises and the counterweight water tank on the other side falls, which is easy to control and avoids the counterweight of both counterweight water tanks being immersed in seawater to affect the anti-overturning effect. Among them, both the forward motor and the reverse motor are connected to the winding shaft through the cooperation of the electromagnetic suction cup and the magnetic disk to avoid interference affecting the normal forward and reverse rotation of the winding shaft.
[0010] Furthermore, the inclination detection component includes a balancing guide groove arranged on the winding frame and horizontally arranged perpendicular to the winding shaft, two detection blocks sliding along the length direction of the balancing guide groove are arranged in the balancing guide groove, a fixed seat fixed in the middle of the balancing guide groove is arranged between the two detection blocks, and a tensioning spring arranged along the length direction of the balancing guide groove is connected between the two detection blocks and the fixed seat on the side close to each other; a forward switch and a reverse switch connected to the control of the forward motor and the reverse motor are respectively arranged at both ends of the balancing guide groove, and when the forward switch controls the forward motor to work, the counterweight water tank close to the side of the reverse switch is released and lowered.
[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the oil tanker is in a balanced state during normal transportation, the two detection blocks are away from the corresponding forward switch and reverse switch under the action of the tension spring, and the two counterweight water tanks are kept balanced when empty. When the oil tanker encounters wind and waves and tilts to one side, the detection block on the tilted side overcomes the tension of the tension spring under the action of gravity and moves along the balance guide groove away from the fixed seat, and touches the forward switch or reverse switch close to it, thereby starting the corresponding forward motor or reverse motor to drive the reel to rotate forward or reverse. When the detection block triggers the forward switch to control the forward motor to work, the reel is driven to rotate forward so that the counterweight water tank near the reverse switch side is loosened and lowered. Conversely, when the detection block triggers the reverse switch to control the reverse motor to work, the reel is driven to reverse so that the counterweight water tank near the forward switch side is loosened and lowered. In this way, the counterweight water tank on the other side can be directly controlled to descend and immersed in seawater according to the tilt direction of the oil tanker to prevent the counterweight from overturning. The structure is simple, easy to operate and effective.
[0012] Furthermore, a balancing ball is positioned and rotatably installed on one side of the two detection blocks away from the fixed seat. The balancing ball is rollingly installed in the balancing guide groove. Under normal circumstances, the balancing guide groove maintains a horizontal state. The two balancing balls are away from the corresponding forward switch and reverse switch under the action of the tension spring.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the balancing ball is rolled and installed in the balancing guide groove, and there is rolling friction between the balancing ball and the balancing guide groove. In this way, when the tanker tilts, the balancing ball on the tilted side can roll quickly to drive the detection block to move and trigger the corresponding forward switch or reverse switch, thereby improving the sensitivity of the tilt detection component and facilitating the rapid control of the counterweight water tank to adjust the tilt state of the tanker.
[0014] Furthermore, support plates are horizontally arranged along the length direction of the hull on both sides of the hull, and the support plate is rotatably installed on the hull on the side close to the hull, and its rotation axis is arranged along the length direction of the hull. In normal state, the lower end of the counterweight water tank is placed on the corresponding support plate; the rotation axis of the support plate is connected to a deflection motor that drives it to rotate, and deflection switches corresponding to the detection blocks are respectively provided at both ends of the balance guide groove, and the deflection switch is control-connected to the two deflection motors.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the tanker is transporting normally, the support plate remains horizontal, and the counterweight water tank is placed on the corresponding support plate to keep the balance of both sides of the tanker, so as to avoid the counterweight water tank increasing the load and driving resistance of the tanker in the seawater during normal transportation. When the tanker tilt detection block moves away from the fixed seat along the balance guide groove, the detection block triggers the deflection switch, and the deflection switch controls the deflection motor to drive the support plate to rotate downward around its rotation axis, releasing the support plate's support and limiting effect on the counterweight water tank, so that the counterweight water tanks on both sides can be immersed in the seawater for counterweight balance adjustment.
[0016] Furthermore, the counterweight water tank includes an outer box with openings at both ends and an inner box with an opening at the upper end. The inner box is vertically slidably installed in the outer box. A number of drainage holes are evenly arranged around the inner box and at the bottom, and around the outer box.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the ballast water tank is configured to include an outer box and an inner box, and the inner box can be driven to slide inside the outer box to adjust the internal capacity of the ballast water tank, thereby adjusting the load weight of the ballast water tank, improving the ballast capacity of the ballast water tank, meeting the balance adjustment requirements under different tilt states of the tanker, improving the scope of application, and reducing the volume of the ballast water tank under normal conditions to avoid affecting the normal transportation of the tanker.
[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of reset blocks extending inward are evenly arranged around the top of the outer box, a vertically arranged reset spring is connected between the upper end of the inner box and the corresponding reset blocks, and an elastic telescopic tube is arranged outside the reset spring.
[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, under the action of the reset spring, the vertical sliding between the inner box and the outer box can be automatically adjusted. During the lowering process of the counterweight water tank, the weight of the seawater in the inner box automatically overcomes the tension of the reset spring to make the inner box slide vertically downward, and the capacity of the counterweight water tank is adjusted. During the rising and resetting process of the counterweight water tank, the seawater is discharged through the drain hole, and the inner box slides upward and resets under the action of the reset spring without manual operation. Among them, the elastic telescopic tube protects the reset spring to prevent the reset spring from being exposed for a long time and easy to rust and corrode, thereby improving the service life and use effect of the reset spring.
[0020] Furthermore, a plurality of floating balls are arranged at the bottom of each counterweight water tank, the floating balls are arranged at intervals from the drainage holes, and a plurality of clearance holes corresponding to the floating balls are arranged on the upper surface of the support plate.
[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, a float is set at the bottom of the counterweight water tank. When the counterweight water tank is just immersed in the seawater, the float provides a certain buoyancy support for the counterweight water tank to prevent the counterweight water tank from falling into the seawater quickly and being impacted. On the one hand, the impact on the counterweight water tank is reduced, and on the other hand, the impact damage to the traction rope is reduced, thereby ensuring the service life of the entire device. Among them, the float and the drain hole are arranged at intervals to prevent the float from affecting the water intake and drainage of the counterweight water tank. In addition, the yield hole corresponding to the float is arranged on the support plate, which not only prevents the float from being squeezed when the counterweight water tank is placed on the support plate to affect the service life of the float, but also the float in the yield hole can also play a certain limiting role in the movement of the counterweight water tank, reduce the horizontal movement of the counterweight water tank in normal state, and ensure the stability of the counterweight water tank during normal transportation of the tanker.
[0022] In summary, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0023] 1. The utility model provides two counterweight water tanks, a reel, a traction rope, etc., and utilizes two counterweight water tanks that can be released into the seawater. When the oil tanker is unbalanced and tilted, the lower part of the counterweight water tank away from the tilted side is immersed in the seawater, and the seawater is directly used as a counterweight to maintain the balance of the oil tanker. This can not only ensure the anti-overturning effect of the oil tanker, but also ensure the transportation capacity of the oil tanker without occupying the oil tanker cabin. At the same time, when the oil tanker is transporting normally, there is no load in the counterweight water tank, thereby avoiding increasing the transportation load of the oil tanker;
[0024] 2. In the utility model, a driving assembly including a forward motor, a reverse motor, a magnetic disk, an electromagnetic chuck, etc. is provided, and a tilt detection assembly including a balance guide groove, a detection block, a fixing seat, a tension spring, etc. is provided. The tilt detection assembly is used to directly control the counterweight water tank on the other side to descend and immerse into the seawater according to the tilt direction of the oil tanker to prevent the counterweight from overturning, thereby improving the balance adjustment speed of the oil tanker;
[0025] 3. The counterweight water tank in the utility model includes an outer box, an inner box, a reset spring and other structures, which can automatically adjust the internal capacity of the counterweight water tank, thereby improving the counterweight capacity of the counterweight water tank, meeting the balance adjustment requirements under different tilt states of the tanker, improving the scope of application, and reducing the volume of the counterweight water tank under normal conditions to avoid affecting the normal transportation of the tanker. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an anti-overturning device for oil tanker transportation;
[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part A;
[0028] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of an anti-capsulation device for oil tanker transportation;
[0029] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Magnified view of part B.
[0030] In the figure, 1. counterweight assembly; 2. counterweight water tank; 21. outer box; 22. inner box; 23. drain hole; 24. lifting ring; 25. reset block; 26. reset spring; 27. elastic telescopic tube; 28. float; 3. winding rack; 31. winding shaft; 32. magnetic disk; 33. traction rope; 4. driving assembly; 41. forward motor; 42. reverse motor; 43. electromagnetic suction cup; 44. forward switch; 45. reverse switch; 5. tilt detection assembly; 51. balance guide groove; 52. fixing seat; 53. detection block; 54. balance ball; 55. tension spring; 6. support plate; 61. deflection motor; 62. deflection switch; 63. clearance hole; 7. hull. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.
[0032] An anti-capsize device for oil tanker transportation, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes counterweight assemblies 1 arranged on both sides of the hull 7, each set of counterweight assemblies 1 includes a counterweight water tank 2 arranged along the length direction of the hull 7 and opened at the upper end, and a plurality of drainage holes 23 are evenly arranged around the counterweight water tank 2 and on the bottom wall. Support plates 6 are arranged horizontally along the length direction of the hull 7 on both sides of the hull 7, and the support plates 6 are rotatably mounted on the hull 7 on the side close to the hull 7, and the rotation axis is arranged along the length direction of the hull. When the tanker is transporting normally, the lower end of the counterweight water tank 2 is placed on the corresponding support plate 6, and the width of the support plate 6 is smaller than the width of the counterweight water tank 2, so as to avoid affecting the drainage of the drainage holes 23 at the bottom of the counterweight water tank 2.
[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, each counterweight water tank 2 is provided with a lifting ring 24 at both ends, and two winding racks 3 are provided on the hull 7, which are respectively located in the middle of the two counterweight water tanks 2, and the two winding racks 3 are respectively located in the middle position of the two counterweight water tanks 2 at the same end. A winding shaft 31 arranged along the length direction of the counterweight water tank 2 is positioned and rotatably installed on the winding rack 3, and two traction ropes 33 are wound around each winding shaft 31, and the winding directions of the traction ropes 33 are opposite, that is, when the winding shaft 31 rotates, one traction rope 33 is tightened and the other traction rope 33 is loosened, and the ends of the traction ropes 33 away from the winding shaft 31 are respectively connected to the lifting rings 24 on the counterweight water tank 2 close to it. Among them, a related guide ring structure can be set on the hull 7 to ensure the smooth traction of the traction rope 33 to the counterweight water tank 2, and the drawings in this embodiment are only for simple illustration.
[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, each winding shaft 31 is connected to a driving assembly 4 for driving the winding shaft 31 to rotate. The driving assembly 4 includes a forward motor 41 and a reverse motor 42 respectively located at both ends of the winding shaft 31 and installed on the winding frame 3. A magnetic disk 32 is respectively provided at both ends of the winding shaft 31. The output shaft ends of the forward motor 41 and the reverse motor 42 are respectively provided with an electromagnetic suction cup 43 that cooperates with the magnetic disk 32. When the forward motor 41 is working, the electromagnetic suction cup 43 at the output shaft end of the forward motor 41 is energized to adsorb the magnetic disk 32 at the end of the winding shaft 31 close to it, and the forward motor 41 drives the winding shaft 31 to rotate forward. Conversely, when the reverse motor 42 is working, the electromagnetic suction cup 43 at the output end of the reverse motor 42 is energized to adsorb the magnetic disk 32 at the end of the winding shaft 31 close to it, and the reverse motor 42 drives the winding shaft 31 to reverse. The forward motor 41 and the reverse motor 42 can drive the winding shaft 31 to rotate forward or reverse, so as to realize the alternating lifting and lowering of the two counterweight water tanks 2.
[0035] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the driving assembly 4 is connected to a tilt detection assembly 5 for controlling its operation. The tilt detection assembly 5 includes a balance guide groove 51 which is arranged on the winding frame 3 and is arranged horizontally perpendicular to the winding shaft 31. A fixed seat 52 corresponding to the end of the winding shaft 31 is fixed in the balance guide groove 51. Detection blocks 53 which are slidably installed in the balance guide groove 51 along the length direction of the balance guide groove 51 are provided on both sides of the fixed seat 52. A tension spring 55 which is arranged along the length direction of the balance guide groove 51 is connected between the two detection blocks 53 and the side of the fixed seat 52 which are close to each other. A balancing ball 54 is positioned and rotatably installed on the side of the two detection blocks 53 away from the fixed seat 52. The balancing ball 54 is rollingly installed in the balance guide groove 51. As shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, at both ends of the balance guide groove 51, there are respectively provided a forward motor 41 and a reverse motor 42 (marked at Figure 1 and Figure 3 The forward switch 44 and the reverse switch 45 are controlled by the balance guide groove 51. Under normal circumstances, the balance guide groove 51 maintains a horizontal state, and the two balance balls 54 are away from the corresponding forward switch 44 and the reverse switch 45 under the action of the tension spring 55.
[0036] In addition, if Figure 1 As shown, the rotation axis of the support plate 6 is connected to a deflection motor 61 for driving the support plate 6 to rotate. Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, deflection switches 62 corresponding to the detection blocks 53 are respectively provided at both ends of the balance guide slot 51, and the deflection switches 62 are controlled and connected with two deflection motors 61. A protective cover can be provided outside the deflection motor 61 to protect the deflection motor 61 and improve the service life of the deflection motor 61.
[0037] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, when the tanker is in normal transportation, under the pulling force of the traction rope 33 and the supporting effect of the support plate 6, the two counterweight water tanks 2 are symmetrically located on both sides of the hull 7 to maintain balance. If rain falls into the counterweight water tank 2 on rainy days, the rain will also be discharged from the drainage hole 23 to avoid increasing the load on the tanker. When the tanker encounters wind and waves and tilts to one side, the balancing ball 54 and the detection block 53 on the tilted side overcome the pulling force of the tension spring 55 under the action of gravity and move along the balance guide groove 51 away from the fixed seat 52, and touch the deflection switch 62 and the forward switch 44 or the reverse switch 45 close to it, thereby starting the deflection motor 61 to drive the support plate 6 to rotate downward, releasing the supporting effect of the support plate 6 on the counterweight water tank 2, and starting the corresponding forward motor 41 or reverse motor 42 to drive the reel 31 to rotate forward or reverse.
[0038] In this embodiment, if Figures 1 to 4 As shown, when the tanker tilts to the left, the balancing ball 54 on the left triggers the forward switch 44, and the forward switch 44 drives the forward motor 41 to drive the reel 31 to rotate forward, so that the side close to the reverse switch 45, that is, the right counterweight water tank 2, is released and descends, and the left counterweight water tank 2 rises. The right counterweight water tank 2 falls into the seawater, and under the action of the drainage hole 23 and the upper end opening of the right counterweight water tank 2, the seawater quickly enters the right counterweight water tank 2, so that the load of the right counterweight water tank 2 is increased, so that the tanker tilts to the right and resets, and according to the reset balance state of the tanker, the reel 31 reverses to adjust the depth of the right counterweight water tank 2 immersed in the seawater, and the excess seawater is discharged from the drainage hole 23 above the liquid surface, so as to realize the load adjustment of the right counterweight water tank 2 and meet the counterweight anti-overturning in different states. When the tanker tilts to the right, the situation is opposite, and the reverse motor 42 drives the reel 31 to reverse, and the left counterweight water tank 2 falls into the seawater for counterweight anti-overturning, and the working principle is the same.
[0039] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the counterweight water tank 2 includes an outer box 21 with openings at both ends and an inner box 22 with an opening at the upper end. The inner box 22 is vertically slidably installed in the outer box 21. A plurality of drainage holes 23 are evenly arranged around the inner box 22 and the bottom, and around the outer box 21. A plurality of inwardly extending reset blocks 25 are evenly arranged around the top of the outer box 21. A vertically arranged reset spring 26 is connected between the upper end of the inner box 22 and the corresponding reset block 25. An elastic telescopic tube 27 is arranged outside the reset spring 26.
[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, during the lowering process of the counterweight water tank 2, the weight of the seawater in the inner box 22 automatically overcomes the pulling force of the reset spring 26, causing the inner box 22 to slide vertically downward, adjusting the capacity of the counterweight water tank 2, thereby adjusting the load weight of the counterweight water tank 2, improving the counterweight capacity of the counterweight water tank 2, and meeting the balance adjustment requirements of the tanker under different tilt states. During the rising and resetting process of the counterweight water tank 2, the seawater is discharged through the drain hole 23, and the inner box 22 slides upward and resets under the action of the reset spring 26, reducing the volume of the counterweight water tank 2 under normal conditions, and avoiding affecting the normal transportation of the tanker. Among them, the elastic telescopic spring protects the reset spring 26, preventing the reset spring 26 from being easily rusted and corroded due to long-term exposure, and improving the service life and use effect of the reset spring 26.
[0041] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of floating balls 28 are provided at the bottom of each counterweight water tank 2. When the counterweight water tank 2 is just immersed in the seawater, the floating balls 28 provide a certain buoyancy support for the counterweight water tank 2, so as to prevent the counterweight water tank 2 from falling into the seawater quickly and being impacted, reduce the impact damage to the counterweight water tank 2 and the traction rope 33, and ensure the service life of the entire device. Among them, the floating balls 28 and the drainage holes 23 are arranged at intervals to prevent the floating balls 28 from affecting the water intake and drainage of the counterweight water tank 2. In addition, a plurality of clearance holes 63 corresponding to the floating balls 28 are provided on the upper end surface of the support plate 6. When the counterweight water tank 2 is placed on the support plate 6, the floating balls 28 are located in the clearance holes 63, which not only prevents the floating balls 28 from being squeezed and affecting the service life, but also the floating balls 28 and the clearance holes 63 cooperate to play a certain limiting role, reduce the horizontal movement of the counterweight water tank 2 in normal state, and ensure the stability of the counterweight water tank 2 during the normal transportation of the tanker.
[0042] Working principle and usage of the utility model:
[0043] When the tanker is in normal transportation, the two counterweight water tanks 2 are placed on the corresponding support plates 6 and symmetrically located on both sides of the hull 7 to maintain balance. If rainwater falls into the counterweight water tanks 2 on rainy days, the rainwater will also be discharged from the drainage holes 23 to avoid increasing the load on the tanker.
[0044] When the oil tanker encounters wind and waves and tilts to the left, the left balancing ball 54 and the detection block 53 move away from the fixed seat 52 under the action of gravity, and touch the deflection switch 62 and the forward switch 44 close to them, thereby starting the deflection motor 61 to drive the support plate 6 to rotate downward, releasing the support effect of the support plate 6 on the counterweight water tank 2, and starting the corresponding forward motor 41 to drive the reel 31 to rotate forward, so that the right counterweight water tank 2 is released and lowered, and the left counterweight water tank 2 rises. The right counterweight water tank 2 falls into the seawater, and under the action of the drainage hole 23 and the upper end opening of the right counterweight water tank 2, the seawater quickly enters the right counterweight water tank 2, making the load of the right counterweight water tank 2 heavier, so that the oil tanker tilts to the right and resets.
[0045] During the balancing adjustment process, according to the tanker's reset balance state, the reel 31 is reversed to adjust the depth of the right counterweight water tank 2 immersed in seawater, and the excess seawater is discharged from the drainage hole 23 above the liquid surface to achieve load adjustment of the right counterweight water tank 2 and meet the counterweight anti-overturning requirements under different states.
[0046] When the tanker tilts to the right, the situation is the opposite. The right balancing ball 54 moves to the right and touches the reversing switch 45, starting the reversing motor 42 to drive the reel 31 to reverse, and the left counterweight water tank 2 falls into the sea water for counterweighting to prevent overturning. The working principle of the balance adjustment of the left counterweight water tank 2 is the same as the working principle of the balance adjustment of the right counterweight water tank 2 described above.
[0047] The utility model utilizes two ballast water tanks 2 that can be loosened and immersed in seawater. When the oil tanker loses balance and tilts, the ballast water tank 2 away from the tilted side is immersed in seawater, and the seawater is directly used as a ballast to keep the oil tanker balanced. This not only ensures the anti-overturning effect of the oil tanker, but also does not need to occupy the oil tanker cabin, thereby ensuring the oil tanker's transportation capacity. At the same time, when the oil tanker is transporting normally, there is no load in the ballast water tank 2, thereby avoiding increasing the transportation load of the oil tanker.
[0048] The above description shows and describes the preferred embodiments of the utility model. As mentioned above, it should be understood that the utility model is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the utility model concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and should be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the utility model.
Claims
1. An anti-overturning device for oil tanker transportation, characterized in that: The invention comprises a counterweight assembly (1) arranged on both sides of a hull (7), each group of the counterweight assembly (1) comprising a counterweight water tank (2) arranged along the length direction of the hull (7) and having an open upper end, and a plurality of drainage holes (23) are evenly arranged around and on the bottom wall of the counterweight water tank (2); two ends of the counterweight water tank (2) are provided with lifting rings (24); a winding rack (3) arranged on the hull (7) is provided at the middle position of the two counterweight water tanks (2) located at the same end; a winding shaft (31) arranged along the length direction of the counterweight water tank (2) is positioned and rotatably installed on the winding rack (3); two traction ropes (33) with opposite winding directions are wound around each of the winding shafts (31), and the traction ropes (33) are respectively connected to the lifting rings (24) on the counterweight water tank (2) that are close to it; each of the winding shafts (31) is connected to a driving assembly (4) for driving the rotation thereof, and the driving assembly (4) is connected to an inclination detection assembly (5) for controlling its operation.
2. The anti-overturning device for oil tanker transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (4) comprises a forward motor (41) and a reverse motor (42) respectively located at two ends of a winding shaft (31) and mounted on a winding frame (3); magnetic disks (32) are respectively provided at two ends of the winding shaft (31); and electromagnetic suction cups (43) cooperating with the magnetic disks (32) are respectively provided at the ends of the output shafts of the forward motor (41) and the reverse motor (42).
3. The anti-overturning device for oil tanker transportation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tilt detection assembly (5) comprises a balancing guide groove (51) arranged on the winding frame (3) and arranged horizontally perpendicular to the winding shaft (31); two detection blocks (53) sliding along the length direction of the balancing guide groove (51) are arranged in the balancing guide groove (51); a fixing seat (52) fixed in the middle of the balancing guide groove (51) is arranged between the two detection blocks (53); a tensioning spring (55) arranged along the length direction of the balancing guide groove (51) is connected between the two detection blocks (53) and the fixing seat (52) on the side close to each other; a forward switch (44) and a reverse switch (45) connected to the forward motor (41) and the reverse motor (42) are respectively arranged at both ends of the balancing guide groove (51); when the forward switch (44) controls the forward motor (41) to work, the counterweight water tank (2) close to the reverse switch (45) is released and lowered.
4. The anti-overturning device for oil tanker transportation according to claim 3, characterized in that: A balancing ball (54) is positioned and rotatably mounted on one side of the two detection blocks (53) away from the fixed seat (52). The balancing ball (54) is rollingly mounted in the balancing guide groove (51). In normal state, the balancing guide groove (51) maintains a horizontal state. The two balancing balls (54) are away from the corresponding forward switch (44) and reverse switch (45) under the action of a tension spring (55).
5. The anti-overturning device for oil tanker transportation according to claim 3, characterized in that: Support plates (6) are arranged horizontally along the length direction of the hull (7) on both sides. The support plates (6) are rotatably mounted on the hull (7) on the side close to the hull (7), and the rotation axis is arranged along the length direction of the hull. In normal state, the lower end of the counterweight water tank (2) is placed on the corresponding support plate (6); the rotation axis of the support plate (6) is connected to a deflection motor (61) for driving the support plate (6) to rotate, and deflection switches (62) corresponding to the detection block (53) are respectively arranged at both ends of the balance guide groove (51), and the deflection switches (62) are controllably connected to the two deflection motors (61).
6. An anti-overturning device for oil tanker transportation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The counterweight water tank (2) comprises an outer box (21) with openings at both ends and an inner box (22) with an opening at the upper end. The inner box (22) is vertically slidably installed in the outer box (21). A plurality of drainage holes (23) are evenly arranged around the periphery and bottom of the inner box (22) and around the periphery of the outer box (21).
7. The anti-overturning device for oil tanker transportation according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of inwardly extending reset blocks (25) are evenly arranged around the top of the outer box (21); a vertically arranged reset spring (26) is connected between the upper end of the inner box (22) and the corresponding reset blocks (25); and an elastic telescopic tube (27) is arranged outside the reset spring (26).
8. The anti-overturning device for oil tanker transportation according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of floating balls (28) are arranged at the bottom of each counterweight water tank (2), and the floating balls (28) are arranged at intervals from the drainage holes (23). The upper end surface of the support plate (6) is provided with a plurality of clearance holes (63) corresponding to the floating balls (28) one by one.