Circuit board and inverter

Abstract

The utility model discloses a circuit board and an inverter. The circuit board comprises a first circuit layer, a second circuit layer, a third circuit layer and a fourth circuit layer. And the fourth circuit layer, the first circuit layer, the second circuit layer and the third circuit layer are arranged in sequence. On the first circuit layer, the positive electrode of the first connecting end of the direct-current power supply is connected with the first end of the first switch unit. On the second circuit layer, the second end of the first switch unit is connected with the first pole of the first switch tube, and the first pole of the second switch tube is connected with the first end of the third switch unit. On the third circuit layer, the second end of the third switch unit is connected with the negative electrode of the connecting end of the direct-current power supply. And on the fourth circuit layer, the second pole of the first switching tube is connected with the second pole of the second switching tube. The fourth circuit layer is provided with a driving wire, the driving wire can provide driving voltage, the circuit board can be suitable for a high-power laminated busbar, additional driving terminals are saved, and the manufacturing cost of the circuit board is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of circuit boards, and more specifically, to a circuit board and an inverter. Background Art

[0002] The circuit board layout of a photovoltaic inverter refers to the process of placing the electronic components in the photovoltaic inverter on the circuit board. A reasonable circuit board layout can be designed according to the circuit topology of the inverter, which is conducive to improving the working performance of the electronic components in the inverter.

[0003] The photovoltaic inverter can adopt the circuit topology of H4 bridge in off-grid mode. In off-grid mode, the H4 bridge forms a short commutation loop, and in grid-connected mode, the Heric bridge forms a long commutation loop.

[0004] In the related art, the circuit board layout of the photovoltaic inverter only considers the circuit topology of the short commutation loop. The electronic devices on the long commutation loop need to be additionally set up, which makes the circuit board manufacturing process complicated and the manufacturing cost high. In addition, the driver board provides the driving voltage to the switching devices on the circuit board through the laminated busbar, which makes the circuit board manufacturing process more complicated and the manufacturing cost further increased. Utility Model Content

[0005] The embodiment of the utility model provides a circuit board and an inverter.

[0006] The circuit board provided in the embodiment of the utility model comprises a first circuit layer, a second circuit layer, a third circuit layer and a fourth circuit layer in sequence. The fourth circuit layer, the first circuit layer, the second circuit layer and the third circuit layer are arranged in sequence.

[0007] The circuit board also includes a positive first connection terminal of a DC power supply, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a third switch unit and a negative connection terminal of the DC power supply, wherein the first switch unit and the third switch unit are used to form a pair of bridge arms of a full-bridge circuit. The second switch unit includes a first switch tube and a second switch tube, and the first switch unit is connected to the third switch unit through the first switch tube and the second switch tube. On the first circuit layer, the positive first connection terminal is connected to the first end of the first switch unit, on the second circuit layer, the second end of the first switch unit is connected to the first pole of the first switch tube, the first pole of the second switch tube is connected to the first end of the third switch unit, and on the third circuit layer, the second end of the third switch unit is connected to the negative connection terminal. A driving trace is provided on the fourth circuit layer, and the driving trace is used to provide a driving voltage to the switch devices on the first circuit layer, the second circuit layer and the third circuit layer, and on the fourth circuit layer, the second pole of the first switch tube is connected to the second pole of the second switch tube.

[0008] In the circuit topology of Heric, when the first switch unit and the third switch unit are switched from closed to open to on, the first switch unit, the second switch unit and the third switch unit can form a corresponding long commutation loop. The circuit board can be compatible with the circuit topology of the long commutation loop, which is conducive to reducing the production cost of the circuit board.

[0009] In addition, the fourth circuit layer can realize the routing between the first pole of the first switch tube and the first pole of the second switch tube, which can reduce the area occupied by the routing on the second circuit layer. The driving routing on the fourth circuit layer can provide driving voltage, and the circuit board can be suitable for high-power laminated busbars, saving additional driving terminals, which can further reduce the production cost of the circuit board.

[0010] In some embodiments, on the first circuit layer, the positive electrode of the first connection terminal is connected to the first end of the first switch unit along the first direction, on the second circuit layer, the second end of the first switch unit is connected to the first electrode of the first switch tube along the second direction, the first electrode of the second switch tube is connected to the first end of the third switch unit along the third direction, and on the third circuit layer, the second end of the third switch unit is connected to the negative electrode of the connection terminal along the fourth direction. The first direction is opposite to the second direction, the second direction is substantially consistent with the third direction, and the third direction is opposite to the fourth direction.

[0011] In some embodiments, the circuit board further includes a positive electrode of a second connection terminal of a DC power supply, a fourth switch unit, and a fifth switch unit, wherein the fourth switch unit and the fifth switch unit are used to form another pair of bridge arms of the full-bridge circuit. On the first circuit layer, the positive electrode of the second connection terminal is connected to the first end of the fourth switch unit along the fifth direction, on the second circuit layer, the second end of the fourth switch unit is connected to the first pole of the first switch tube along the sixth direction, the first pole of the second switch tube is connected to the first end of the fifth switch unit along the seventh direction, and on the third circuit layer, the second end of the fifth switch unit is connected to the negative electrode of the connection terminal along the eighth direction. The fifth direction is opposite to the sixth direction, the sixth direction is substantially consistent with the seventh direction, and the seventh direction is opposite to the eighth direction.

[0012] The current directions of another long commutation loop on two adjacent circuit layers are also opposite, and the circuit board can reduce the stray inductance of multiple long commutation loops formed when the full-bridge circuit is working.

[0013] In some embodiments, on the first circuit layer, the anode of the second connection terminal is connected to the first end of the first switch unit along a ninth direction. On the second circuit layer, the second end of the first switch unit is connected to the first end of the fifth switch unit along a tenth direction, the ninth direction is opposite to the tenth direction, and the tenth direction is opposite to the eighth direction.

[0014] The current directions of the short commutation loop on the two adjacent circuit layers are opposite, that is, the directions of the electromagnetic fields formed by the two adjacent layers of the circuit board are opposite, which reduces the stray inductance of the short commutation loop and reduces the peak voltage borne by the electronic devices on the short commutation loop. In this way, the layout structure of the circuit board can also reduce the peak voltage borne by the electronic devices on the short commutation loop. The circuit board is compatible with both the short commutation loop and the long commutation loop, and the circuit board is also compatible with the circuit topology of Heric and the circuit topology of the H4 bridge.

[0015] In some embodiments, on the first circuit layer, the positive electrode of the first connection terminal is connected to the first end of the fourth switch unit along an eleventh direction. On the second circuit layer, the second end of the fourth switch unit is connected to the first end of the third switch unit through a twelfth direction, the eleventh direction is opposite to the twelfth direction, and the twelfth direction is opposite to the fourth direction.

[0016] The current directions of another short commutation loop on two adjacent circuit layers are also opposite. The circuit board can be compatible with multiple Heric short commutation loops and multiple H4 bridge long commutation loops at the same time.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second circuit layer includes a first sub-circuit board and a second sub-circuit board. On the first sub-circuit board, the second end of the first switch unit is connected to the first pole of the first switch tube along the second direction, and the first pole of the second switch tube is connected to the first end of the fifth switch unit along the seventh direction. On the second sub-circuit board, the second end of the second switch unit is connected to the first end of the third switch unit along the third direction, and the second end of the fourth switch unit is connected to the first end of the second switch unit along the sixth direction.

[0018] The first switch unit and the third switch unit can be connected to the same driving voltage, and the first switch unit and the third switch unit can be arranged on the same sub-circuit board. The fourth switch unit and the fifth switch unit can be connected to the same driving voltage, and the fourth switch unit and the fifth switch unit can be arranged on the same sub-circuit board, which can reduce the area occupied by the driving line in the circuit board layout.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first switch unit, the fourth switch unit, the third switch unit, and the fifth switch unit are sequentially arranged on the left side or the right side of the second circuit layer.

[0020] The first switch unit, the third switch unit, the fourth switch unit and the fifth switch unit are arranged on the left and right sides of the second circuit layer, which can avoid the electronic components being arranged too concentratedly and is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the circuit board.

[0021] Furthermore, the first switch unit and the third switch unit form a bridge arm, and the fourth switch unit and the fifth switch unit form a bridge arm. When the circuit board is working, the on or off states of two adjacent switch units are opposite, which can avoid the positions of the on switch units being too concentrated, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the circuit board.

[0022] The first switch unit and the third switch unit form a bridge arm, and the fourth switch unit and the fifth switch unit form a bridge arm. When the circuit board is working, the on or off states of two adjacent switch units are opposite, which can avoid the positions of the on switch units being too concentrated, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the circuit board.

[0023] In some embodiments, the circuit board further includes a DC capacitor, and the positive electrode of the first connection terminal is connected to the negative electrode of the connection terminal through the DC capacitor.

[0024] The voltage provided by the DC power supply can be the voltage provided by the DC capacitor. The DC capacitor can reduce the interference of the power supply capacitor and the circuit board trace inductance and provide a more stable DC voltage.

[0025] In some embodiments, the second switch unit further includes a first diode and a second diode, wherein the first diode is forward connected between the first pole and the second pole of the first switch tube, and the second diode is reverse connected between the first pole and the second pole of the second switch tube.

[0026] The first diode and the second diode can be used as freewheeling diodes to prevent loop current from passing through the full bridge, thereby improving the current conversion efficiency of the inverter.

[0027] The inverter provided in the embodiment of the utility model includes the circuit board of any one of the above embodiments.

[0028] The utility model provides a circuit board and an inverter. The circuit board includes a first circuit layer, a second circuit layer, a third circuit layer and a fourth circuit layer in sequence. The fourth circuit layer, the first circuit layer, the second circuit layer and the third circuit layer are arranged in sequence. Among them, the fourth circuit layer, the first circuit layer, the second circuit layer and the third circuit layer can be arranged in a stacked layer from top to bottom to form a circuit board, and the fourth circuit layer, the first circuit layer, the second circuit layer and the third circuit layer can also be arranged in a stacked layer from bottom to top to form a circuit board.

[0029] The circuit board also includes a positive first connection terminal of a DC power supply, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a third switch unit and a negative connection terminal of the DC power supply, and the first switch unit and the third switch unit are used to form a pair of bridge arms of a full-bridge circuit. The second switch unit includes a first switch tube and a second switch tube, and the first switch unit is connected to the third switch unit through the first switch tube and the second switch tube. On the first circuit layer, the positive first connection terminal is connected to the first end of the first switch unit, on the second circuit layer, the second end of the first switch unit is connected to the first pole of the first switch tube, the first pole of the second switch tube is connected to the first end of the third switch unit, and on the third circuit layer, the second end of the third switch unit is connected to the negative connection terminal. A drive line is provided on the fourth circuit layer, and the drive line is used to provide a drive voltage to the switch devices on the first circuit layer, the second circuit layer and the third circuit layer. On the fourth circuit layer, the second pole of the first switch tube is connected to the second pole of the second switch tube.

[0030] In Heric's circuit topology, when the first switch unit and the third switch unit are switched from closed to open to on, the first switch unit, the second switch unit and the third switch unit can form a corresponding long commutation loop. The circuit board can be compatible with the circuit topology of the long commutation loop, which is conducive to reducing the production cost of the circuit board. In addition, the fourth circuit layer can realize the routing between the first pole of the first switch tube and the first pole of the second switch tube, which can reduce the area occupied by the routing on the second circuit layer. The driving routing on the fourth circuit layer can provide a driving voltage, and the circuit board can be suitable for high-power laminated busbars, saving additional driving terminals, which can further reduce the production cost of the circuit board.

[0031] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the circuit board of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the long commutation loop structure of the first embodiment of the circuit board of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a topological diagram of a long commutation loop and a short commutation loop applied to the circuit board of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the long commutation loop structure of the second embodiment of the circuit board of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the short commutation loop structure of the first embodiment of the circuit board of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the short commutation loop structure of the second embodiment of the circuit board of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second circuit layer of the utility model;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the inverter of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0042] The circuit board layout of a photovoltaic inverter refers to the process of placing the electronic components in the photovoltaic inverter on the circuit board. A reasonable circuit board layout can be designed according to the circuit topology of the inverter, which is conducive to improving the working performance of the electronic components in the inverter.

[0043] The photovoltaic inverter can adopt the circuit topology of H4 bridge in off-grid mode. In off-grid mode, the H4 bridge forms a short commutation loop, and in grid-connected mode, the Heric bridge forms a long commutation loop.

[0044] In the related art, the circuit board layout of the photovoltaic inverter only considers the circuit topology of the short commutation loop. The electronic devices on the long commutation loop need to be additionally set up, which makes the circuit board manufacturing process complicated and the manufacturing cost high. In addition, the driver board provides the driving voltage to the switching devices on the circuit board through the laminated busbar, which makes the circuit board manufacturing process more complicated and the manufacturing cost further increased.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 The present invention provides a circuit board 1000. The circuit board 1000 includes a first circuit layer 110, a second circuit layer 120, a third circuit layer 130 and a fourth circuit layer 140. The fourth circuit layer 140, the first circuit layer 110, the second circuit layer 120 and the third circuit layer 130 are arranged in sequence.

[0046] Among them, the fourth circuit layer 140, the first circuit layer 110, the second circuit layer 120 and the third circuit layer 130 can be arranged in a stacked order from top to bottom to form the circuit board 1000, and the fourth circuit layer 140, the first circuit layer 110, the second circuit layer 120 and the third circuit layer 130 can also be arranged in a stacked order from bottom to top to form the circuit board 1000.

[0047] The circuit board 1000 further includes a first positive connection terminal 211 of a DC power supply, a first switch unit 310, a second switch unit 320, a third switch unit 330, and a negative connection terminal 220 of the DC power supply. The first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 can form a pair of bridge arms of a full-bridge circuit. On the first circuit layer 110, the first positive connection terminal 211 is connected to the first end of the first switch unit 310, on the second circuit layer 120, the second end of the first switch unit 310 is connected to the first pole of the first switch tube 321, the first pole of the second switch tube 322 is connected to the first end of the third switch unit 330, and on the third circuit layer 130, the second end of the third switch unit 330 is connected to the negative connection terminal 220.

[0048] On the fourth circuit layer, the second electrode of the first switch tube 321 is connected to the second electrode of the second switch tube 322. The fourth circuit layer 140 is provided with a driving line for providing a driving voltage to the switch devices on the first circuit layer 110, the second circuit layer 120 and the third circuit layer 130.

[0049] The first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 can form a pair of bridge arms of the full-bridge circuit, and the first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 work in pairs. In the first half of the working cycle of the full-bridge circuit, the first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 can be in the on state at the same time, and in the second half of the cycle of the full-bridge circuit, the first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 can be in the off state at the same time.

[0050] In Heric's circuit topology, when the first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 are switched from closed to open to on, the first switch unit 310, the second switch unit 320 and the third switch unit 330 can form a corresponding long commutation loop.

[0051] The fourth circuit layer 140 can realize the routing between the first electrode of the first switch tube 321 and the first electrode of the second switch tube 322, and can reduce the area occupied by the routing on the second circuit layer 120. Specifically, the first switch tube 321 and the second switch tube 322 can be triodes. On the fourth circuit layer 140, the collector of the first switch tube 321 is connected to the collector of the second switch tube 322.

[0052] The driving traces on the fourth circuit layer 140 can also provide driving voltages. The fourth circuit layer 140 is disposed above the first circuit layer 110. The fourth circuit layer 140 is provided with driving traces, which are used to provide driving voltages to the switching devices on the first circuit layer 110, the second circuit layer 120, and the third circuit layer 130. The circuit board 1000 can be applied to high-power laminated busbars, saving additional driving terminals, and further reducing the manufacturing cost of the circuit board 1000.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments, on the first circuit layer 110, the first connection terminal positive electrode 211 of the DC power supply is connected to the first end of the first switch unit 310 along the first direction 401. On the second circuit layer 120, the second end of the first switch unit 310 is connected to the first electrode of the first switch tube 321 along the second direction 402, and the second electrode of the second switch tube 322 is connected to the first end of the third switch unit 330 along the third direction 403. On the third circuit layer 130, the second end of the third switch unit 330 is connected to the connection terminal negative electrode 220 of the DC power supply along the fourth direction 404. The first direction 401 is opposite to the second direction 402, the second direction 402 is substantially consistent with the third direction 403, and the third direction 403 is opposite to the fourth direction 404.

[0054] The current directions of the long commutation loop on the two adjacent circuit layers are opposite, that is, the directions of the electromagnetic fields formed by the two adjacent layers of the circuit board 1000 are opposite, which reduces the stray inductance of the long commutation loop and reduces the peak voltage borne by the electronic devices on the long commutation loop. In this way, the peak voltage borne by the electronic devices on the long commutation loop can be reduced through the layout structure of the circuit board 1000, without the need to use an additional corresponding protection circuit for voltage clamping, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the circuit board 1000.

[0055] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 , the switch unit Q1, the switch unit Q2, the switch unit Q5 and the switch unit Q6 can form a full bridge circuit of H4. Among them, the switch unit Q1 and the switch unit Q6 can form a pair of bridge arms of the full bridge circuit. In the circuit topology of Heric, the switch unit Q1 can be connected through the switch unit Q3 and the switch unit Q4 and the switch unit Q6.

[0056] The first switch unit 310 may be a switch unit Q1, the third switch unit 330 may be a switch unit Q6, and the switch unit Q3 and the switch unit Q4 may form a switch unit Q2. The node N1 may be a positive connection terminal of a DC power supply, wherein the first positive connection terminal 211 and the second positive connection terminal 212 may be two different connection terminals of the positive terminal of the DC power supply, and the first positive connection terminal 211 and the second positive connection terminal 212 are both connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply through the node N1. The node N2 may be a negative connection terminal 220 of the DC power supply.

[0057] The switch tube Q3 may be the first switch tube 321, and the switch tube Q4 may be the second switch tube 322. The first electrode of the first switch tube 321 may be the emitter of the switch tube Q3, and the second electrode of the first switch tube 321 may be the collector of the switch tube Q3. The first electrode of the second switch tube 322 may be the emitter of the switch tube Q4, and the second electrode of the second switch tube 322 may be the collector of the switch tube Q4.

[0058] When the switch unit Q1 and the switch unit Q6 are switched from closed to open to on, the switch unit Q1 , the switch unit Q3 , the switch unit Q4 , and the switch unit Q6 can form a corresponding long commutation loop.

[0059] When the switch unit Q1, the switch unit Q3, the switch unit Q4 and the switch unit Q6 can form a corresponding long commutation loop, the current direction of the long commutation loop is node N1→switch unit Q1→switch unit Q3→switch unit Q4→switch unit Q6→node N2, that is, the positive electrode 211 of the first connection terminal→the first switch unit 310→the second switch unit 320→the third switch unit 330→the negative electrode 220 of the connection terminal.

[0060] Reference Figure 2 On the first circuit layer 110, the current direction is the direction from the first connection terminal positive electrode 211 to the first switch unit 310, that is, the first direction 401. On the second circuit layer 120, the current direction is the direction from the first switch unit 310 to the second switch unit 320 and the direction from the second switch unit 320 to the third switch unit 330, that is, the second direction 402 and the third direction 403. On the third circuit layer 130, the current direction is the direction from the third switch unit 330 to the connection terminal negative electrode 220, that is, the fourth direction 404.

[0061] The first direction 401 is opposite to the second direction 402, the second direction 402 is substantially consistent with the third direction 403, and the third direction 403 is opposite to the fourth direction 404. For example, the first direction 401 may be upward, the second direction 402 and the third direction 403 may be downward, and the fourth direction 404 may be upward. The current directions of the long commutation loop on the two adjacent layers of the circuit board 1000 are opposite, that is, the directions of the electromagnetic fields formed by the two adjacent layers of the circuit board 1000 are opposite, and the electromagnetic fields in opposite directions can cancel each other, thereby reducing the stray inductance of the long commutation loop, and also reducing the peak voltage borne by the electronic devices (switch unit Q1, switch unit Q3, switch unit Q4 and switch unit Q6) on the long commutation loop.

[0062] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments, the circuit board 1000 further includes a second positive connection terminal 212 of the DC power supply, a fourth switch unit 340 and a fifth switch unit 350, and the fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 are used to form another pair of bridge arms of the full-bridge circuit.

[0063] On the first circuit layer 110, the second connection terminal positive electrode 212 is connected to the first end of the fourth switch unit 340 along the fifth direction 405. On the second circuit layer 120, the second end of the fourth switch unit 340 is connected to the first electrode of the first switch tube 321 along the sixth direction 406, and the first electrode of the second switch tube 322 is connected to the first end of the fifth switch unit 350 along the seventh direction 407. On the third circuit layer 130, the second end of the fifth switch unit 350 is connected to the connection terminal negative electrode 220 along the eighth direction 408. The fifth direction 405 is opposite to the sixth direction 406, the sixth direction 406 and the seventh direction 407 are substantially consistent, and the seventh direction 407 and the eighth direction 408 are opposite.

[0064] The fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 can form another pair of bridge arms of the full bridge circuit, and the fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 work in pairs. When the fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 are switched from closed to open, the third switch unit 330, the fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 can form another long commutation loop.

[0065] The current directions of another long commutation loop on two adjacent circuit layers are also opposite. The circuit board 1000 can reduce the stray inductance of multiple long commutation loops formed when the full-bridge circuit is working.

[0066] Specifically, refer to Figure 3The first switch tube and the second switch tube may be triodes, the first switch tube may be triode Q3, and the first diode may be diode D3. The second switch tube may be triode Q4, and the second diode may be diode D4. When the triode Q3 switches from on to off, the diode D3 may be used as a freewheeling diode to prevent current from passing through the full bridge. When the triode Q4 switches from on to off, the diode D4 may be used as a freewheeling diode to prevent current from passing through the full bridge.

[0067] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 , the switch unit Q2 and the switch unit Q5 can form another pair of bridge arms of the full bridge circuit. In the circuit topology of Heric, the switch unit Q2 can be connected through the switch unit Q3 and the switch unit Q4 and the switch unit Q5.

[0068] The fourth switch unit 340 may be the switch unit Q2, and the fifth switch unit 350 may be the switch unit Q5. When the switch units Q2 and Q5 are switched from open to closed, the switch units Q2, Q3, Q4, and Q5 may form a corresponding long commutation loop.

[0069] When the switch unit Q2, the switch unit Q3, the switch unit Q4 and the switch unit Q5 can form a corresponding long commutation loop, the current direction of the long commutation loop is node N1→switch unit Q2→switch unit Q3→switch unit Q4→switch unit Q5→node N2, that is, the positive electrode 211 of the first connection terminal→the fourth switch unit 340→the second switch unit 320→the fifth switch unit 350→the negative electrode 220 of the connection terminal.

[0070] Reference Figure 4 On the first circuit layer 110, the current direction is from the first connection terminal positive electrode 211 to the fourth switch unit 340, that is, the fifth direction 405. On the second circuit layer 120, the current direction is from the fourth switch unit 340 to the second switch unit 320 and from the second switch unit 320 to the fifth switch unit 350, that is, the sixth direction 406 and the seventh direction 407. On the third circuit layer 130, the current direction is from the fifth switch unit 350 to the connection terminal negative electrode 220, that is, the eighth direction 408.

[0071] The fifth direction 405 is opposite to the sixth direction 406, the sixth direction 406 and the seventh direction 407 are substantially consistent, and the seventh direction 407 and the eighth direction 408 are opposite. For example, the fifth direction 405 may be downward, the sixth direction 406 and the seventh direction 407 may be upward, and the eighth direction 408 may be downward. The current directions of another long commutation loop on two adjacent circuit layers are also opposite, which reduces the peak voltage borne by the electronic devices (switch unit Q2, switch unit Q3, switch unit Q4 and switch unit Q5) on the long commutation loop.

[0072] Reference Figure 5 In some embodiments, on the first circuit layer 110, the second connection terminal positive electrode 212 is connected to the first end of the first switch unit 310 along the ninth direction 409. On the second circuit layer 120, the second end of the first switch unit 310 is connected to the first end of the fifth switch unit 350 along the tenth direction 410, and the ninth direction 409 is opposite to the tenth direction 410, and the tenth direction is opposite to the eighth direction 408.

[0073] In the circuit topology of the H4 bridge, when the first switch unit 310 switches from open to closed, the first switch unit 310 and the fifth switch unit 350 form a corresponding short commutation loop.

[0074] The current directions of the short commutation loop on the two adjacent circuit layers are opposite, that is, the directions of the electromagnetic fields formed by the two adjacent layers of the circuit board 1000 are opposite, which reduces the stray inductance of the short commutation loop and reduces the peak voltage borne by the electronic devices on the long commutation loop. In this way, the layout structure of the circuit board 1000 can also reduce the peak voltage borne by the electronic devices on the short commutation loop. The circuit board 1000 can be compatible with both the short commutation loop and the long commutation loop, and the circuit board 1000 can also be compatible with the circuit topology of Heric and the circuit topology of the H4 bridge.

[0075] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 , the switch unit Q1, the switch unit Q2, the switch unit Q5 and the switch unit Q6 can form a full bridge circuit of H4. Among them, the switch unit Q1 and the switch unit Q6 can form a pair of bridge arms of the full bridge circuit.

[0076] When the switch unit Q1 switches from closed to open to on, the switch unit Q1 and the switch unit Q5 can form a corresponding short commutation loop. The current direction of the short commutation loop is node N1→switch unit Q1→switch unit Q5→node N2, that is, the second connection terminal positive electrode 212→the first switch unit 310→the fifth switch unit 350→the connection terminal negative electrode 220.

[0077] Reference Figure 5, on the first circuit layer 110, the current direction of the short commutation loop is the ninth direction 409. On the second circuit layer 120, the current direction of the short commutation loop is the tenth direction 410. On the third circuit layer 130, the current direction of the short commutation loop is the eighth direction 408.

[0078] The ninth direction 409 is opposite to the tenth direction 410, and the tenth direction 410 is opposite to the eighth direction 408. For example, the ninth direction 409 may be downward, the tenth direction 410 may be upward, and the eighth direction 408 may be downward. The current directions of the short commutation loop on two adjacent circuit layers are also opposite, which reduces the peak voltage borne by the electronic devices (switch unit Q1 and switch unit Q5) on the short commutation loop.

[0079] Reference Figure 6 In some embodiments, on the first circuit layer 110, the first connection terminal positive electrode 211 is connected to the first end of the fourth switch unit 340 along the eleventh direction 411. On the second circuit layer 120, the second end of the fourth switch unit 340 is connected to the first end of the third switch unit 330 through the twelfth direction 412, the eleventh direction 411 is opposite to the twelfth direction 412, and the twelfth direction 412 is opposite to the fourth direction 404.

[0080] In the circuit topology of the H4 bridge, when the fourth switch unit 340 switches from open to closed, the third switch unit 330 and the fourth switch unit 340 form another short commutation loop. The circuit board 1000 can be compatible with multiple Heric short commutation loops and multiple H4 bridge long commutation loops.

[0081] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 When the switch unit Q2 switches from closed to open to on, the switch unit Q2 and the switch unit Q6 can form a corresponding short commutation loop. The current direction of the short commutation loop is node N1→switch unit Q2→switch unit Q6→node N2, that is, the second connection terminal positive electrode 212→the fourth switch unit 340→the third switch unit 330→the connection terminal negative electrode 220.

[0082] Reference Figure 6 , on the first circuit layer 110 , the current direction of the short commutation loop is the eleventh direction 411 . On the second circuit layer 120 , the current direction of the short commutation loop is the twelfth direction 412 . On the third circuit layer 130 , the current direction of the short commutation loop is the fourth direction 404 .

[0083] The eleventh direction 411 is opposite to the twelfth direction 412, and the twelfth direction 412 is opposite to the fourth direction 404. For example, the eleventh direction 411 may be upward, the twelfth direction 412 may be downward, and the fourth direction 404 may be upward. The current directions of the short commutation loop on two adjacent circuit layers are also opposite, which reduces the peak voltage borne by the electronic devices (switch unit Q2 and switch unit Q6) on the short commutation loop.

[0084] Reference Figure 7 In some embodiments, the second circuit layer 120 includes a first sub-circuit board 1000 and a second sub-circuit board 1000. On the first sub-circuit board 1000, the second end of the first switch unit 310 is connected to the first pole of the first switch tube 321 along the second direction 402, and the first pole of the second switch tube 322 is connected to the first end of the fifth switch unit 350 along the seventh direction 407. On the second sub-circuit board 1000, the second end of the second switch unit 320 is connected to the first end of the third switch unit 330 along the third direction 403, and the second end of the fourth switch unit 340 is connected to the first end of the second switch unit 320 along the sixth direction 406.

[0085] The first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 can be connected to the same driving voltage, and the first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 can be arranged on the same sub-circuit board 1000. The fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 can be connected to the same driving voltage, and the fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 can be arranged on the same sub-circuit board 1000, which can reduce the area occupied by the driving line in the layout of the circuit board 1000.

[0086] Specifically, the first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 can form a pair of bridge arms of a full-bridge circuit, and the on and off states of the first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 are basically the same, so the first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 can be connected to the same driving voltage, and the first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 can be set on the first sub-circuit board 1000.

[0087] The fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 can form another pair of bridge arms of the full-bridge circuit. The on and off states of the fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 are basically the same, so the fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 can be connected to the same driving voltage. The fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 can be set on the second sub-circuit board 1000.

[0088] Reference Figure 7In some embodiments, the number of the first switch unit 310, the third switch unit 330, the fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 are the same.

[0089] In the circuit topology of the H4 bridge or the circuit topology of Heric, the number of the first switch unit 310, the third switch unit 330, the fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 are the same, which is beneficial for the circuit board 1000 to be compatible with both the circuit topology of Heric and the circuit topology of the H4 bridge.

[0090] Specifically, the number of the first switch unit 310 , the third switch unit 330 , the fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 may be one or more.

[0091] In the case where there are multiple first switch units 310, third switch units 330, fourth switch units 340 and fifth switch units 350, the second end of each first switch unit 310 is connected to the first end of the second switch unit 320 along the second direction 402, and the second end of the second switch unit 320 is connected to the first end of each third switch unit 330 along the third direction 403.

[0092] The second end of each fourth switch unit 340 is connected to the first end of the second switch unit 320 along the sixth direction 406, and the second end of the second switch unit 320 is connected to the first end of each fifth switch unit 350 along the seventh direction 407.

[0093] In some embodiments, the first switch unit 310 , the third switch unit 330 , the fourth switch unit 340 , and the fifth switch unit 350 are disposed on the left side or the right side of the second circuit layer 120 .

[0094] The first switch unit 310, the third switch unit 330, the fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 are arranged on the left and right sides of the second circuit layer 120, which can avoid the electronic components being arranged too concentratedly and is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the circuit board.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first switch unit 310 , the fourth switch unit 340 , the third switch unit 330 , and the fifth switch unit 350 are sequentially disposed on the left side or the right side of the second circuit layer 120 .

[0096] The first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 form a bridge arm, and the fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 form a bridge arm. When the circuit board is working, the on or off states of two adjacent switch units are opposite, which can avoid the positions of the on switch units being too concentrated, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the circuit board.

[0097] The first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 form a bridge arm, and the fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 form a bridge arm. When the circuit board is working, the on or off states of two adjacent switch units are opposite, which can avoid the positions of the on switch units being too concentrated, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the circuit board.

[0098] Specifically, when the first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 are turned on, the fourth switch unit 340 and the fifth switch unit 350 are turned off, the states of each switch unit are turned on-off-on-off, and the temperatures of each switch unit are hot-cold-hot-cold.

[0099] Reference Figure 8 The embodiment of the utility model further provides an inverter 10000. The inverter 10000 provided by the embodiment of the utility model includes the circuit board 1000 of any of the above embodiments.

[0100] The implementation of the circuit board 1000 may refer to the above-mentioned implementation. The beneficial effects of the inverter 10000 include all the beneficial effects of the circuit board 1000, which are not described in detail here.

[0101] In some embodiments, the circuit board 1000 further includes a DC capacitor, and the first connection terminal positive electrode 211 is connected to the connection terminal negative electrode 220 via the DC capacitor.

[0102] The voltage provided by the DC power supply can be the voltage provided by the DC capacitor. The DC capacitor can reduce the interference of the power supply capacitor and the circuit board trace inductance and provide a more stable DC voltage.

[0103] Reference Figure 3 Specifically, the DC capacitor may include a positive half bus capacitor BUS+ and a negative half bus capacitor BUS-. Node N1 is connected to a first electrode of the positive half bus capacitor BUS+, a second electrode of the positive half bus capacitor BUS+ and a first electrode of the negative half bus capacitor BUS- are connected to a node N3, and a second electrode of the negative half bus capacitor BUS- is connected to a node N3.

[0104] The photovoltaic inverter 10000 may adopt a circuit topology of an H4 bridge in an off-grid mode, and the DC side of the inverter 10000 may be connected to the node N1 and the node N3 so that the inverter 10000 provides an AC voltage of 110V.

[0105] In some embodiments, the second switch unit 320 further includes a first diode and a second diode, wherein the first diode is forward connected between the first pole and the second pole of the first switch tube, and the second diode is reversely connected between the first pole and the second pole of the second switch tube.

[0106] The first diode and the second diode can be used as freewheeling diodes to prevent loop current from passing through the full bridge, thereby improving the current conversion efficiency of the inverter 10000.

[0107] The embodiment of the utility model provides a circuit board 1000 and an inverter 10000. The circuit board 1000 includes a first circuit layer 110, a second circuit layer 120 and a third circuit layer 130. The fourth circuit layer 140, the first circuit layer 110, the second circuit layer 120 and the third circuit layer 130 are arranged in sequence. The circuit board 1000 also includes a first positive connection terminal 211 of a DC power supply, a first switch unit 310, a second switch unit 320, a third switch unit 330 and a negative connection terminal 220 of the DC power supply, the second switch unit 320 includes a first switch tube 321 and a second switch tube 322, and the first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 are used to form a pair of bridge arms of a full-bridge circuit. On the first circuit layer 110, the first positive connection terminal 211 of the DC power supply is connected to the first end of the first switch unit 310. On the second circuit layer 120, the second end of the first switch unit 310 is connected to the first pole of the first switch tube 321, and the first pole of the second switch tube 322 is connected to the first end of the third switch unit 330. On the third circuit layer 130, the second end of the third switch unit 330 is connected to the negative connection terminal 220 of the DC power supply along the fourth direction 404. On the fourth circuit layer, the second pole of the first switch tube 321 is connected to the second pole of the second switch tube 322. The fourth circuit layer 140 is provided with a driving line, which is used to provide a driving voltage to the switch devices on the first circuit layer 110, the second circuit layer 120 and the third circuit layer 130.

[0108] The first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 can form a pair of bridge arms of a full-bridge circuit, and the first switch unit 310 and the third switch unit 330 work in pairs. In Heric's circuit topology, the first switch unit 310, the second switch unit 320 and the third switch unit 330 can form a corresponding long commutation loop. The circuit board 1000 can be compatible with the circuit topology of the long commutation loop, which is conducive to reducing the production cost of the circuit board. The fourth circuit layer 140 can realize the routing between the first pole of the first switch tube 321 and the first pole of the second switch tube 322, which can reduce the area occupied by the routing on the second circuit layer 120. The drive routing on the fourth circuit layer can provide a driving voltage, and the circuit board can be suitable for high-power laminated busbars, saving additional drive terminals, which can further reduce the production cost of the circuit board.

[0109] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0110] In addition, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can include fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; it can include direct connection, indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and internal communication between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0111] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0112] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, fragment or portion of code that includes one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present invention belong.

[0113] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit board, characterized in that: The circuit board includes a first circuit layer, a second circuit layer, a third circuit layer and a fourth circuit layer, wherein the fourth circuit layer, the first circuit layer, the second circuit layer and the third circuit layer are arranged in sequence, and the circuit board also includes a first positive connection terminal of a DC power supply, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a third switch unit and a negative connection terminal of the DC power supply, wherein the first switch unit and the third switch unit are used to form a pair of bridge arms of a full-bridge circuit, the second switch unit includes a first switch tube and a second switch tube, and the first switch unit is connected to the third switch unit through the first switch tube and the second switch tube; On the first circuit layer, the positive electrode of the first connection terminal is connected to the first end of the first switch unit, on the second circuit layer, the second end of the first switch unit is connected to the first electrode of the first switch tube, the first electrode of the second switch tube is connected to the first end of the third switch unit, and on the third circuit layer, the second end of the third switch unit is connected to the negative electrode of the connection terminal; The fourth circuit layer is provided with a driving line, which is used to provide a driving voltage to the switching devices on the first circuit layer, the second circuit layer and the third circuit layer. On the fourth circuit layer, the second electrode of the first switching tube is connected to the second electrode of the second switching tube.

2. The circuit board according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the first circuit layer, the positive electrode of the first connection terminal is connected to the first end of the first switch unit along a first direction, on the second circuit layer, the second end of the first switch unit is connected to the first electrode of the first switch tube along a second direction, the first electrode of the second switch tube is connected to the first end of the third switch unit along a third direction, and on the third circuit layer, the second end of the third switch unit is connected to the negative electrode of the connection terminal along a fourth direction; The first direction is opposite to the second direction, the second direction is substantially consistent with the third direction, and the third direction is opposite to the fourth direction.

3. The circuit board according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circuit board also includes a second positive connection terminal of the DC power supply, a fourth switch unit and a fifth switch unit, wherein the fourth switch unit and the fifth switch unit are used to form another pair of bridge arms of the full-bridge circuit; On the first circuit layer, the positive electrode of the second connection terminal is connected to the first end of the fourth switch unit along the fifth direction, on the second circuit layer, the second end of the fourth switch unit is connected to the first electrode of the first switch tube along the sixth direction, the first electrode of the second switch tube is connected to the first end of the fifth switch unit along the seventh direction, and on the third circuit layer, the second end of the fifth switch unit is connected to the negative electrode of the connection terminal along the eighth direction; The fifth direction is opposite to the sixth direction, the sixth direction is substantially consistent with the seventh direction, and the seventh direction is opposite to the eighth direction.

4. The circuit board according to claim 3, characterized in that: On the first circuit layer, the positive electrode of the second connection terminal is connected to the first end of the first switch unit along a ninth direction, and on the second circuit layer, the second end of the first switch unit is connected to the first end of the fifth switch unit along a tenth direction, and the ninth direction is opposite to the tenth direction, and the tenth direction is opposite to the eighth direction.

5. The circuit board according to claim 3, characterized in that: On the first circuit layer, the positive electrode of the first connection terminal is connected to the first end of the fourth switch unit along an eleventh direction, and on the second circuit layer, the second end of the fourth switch unit is connected to the first end of the third switch unit through a twelfth direction, the eleventh direction is opposite to the twelfth direction, and the twelfth direction is opposite to the fourth direction.

6. The circuit board according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second circuit layer includes a first sub-circuit board and a second sub-circuit board; On the first sub-circuit board, the second end of the first switch unit is connected to the first pole of the first switch tube along the second direction, and the first pole of the second switch tube is connected to the first end of the fifth switch unit along the seventh direction; On the second sub-circuit board, the second end of the second switch unit is connected to the first end of the third switch unit along the third direction, and the second end of the fourth switch unit is connected to the first end of the second switch unit along the sixth direction.

7. The circuit board according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first switch unit, the fourth switch unit, the third switch unit and the fifth switch unit are sequentially arranged on the left side or the right side of the second circuit layer.

8. The circuit board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit board also includes a DC capacitor, and the positive electrode of the first connection terminal is connected to the negative electrode of the connection terminal through the DC capacitor.

9. The circuit board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second switch unit further includes a first diode and a second diode, wherein the first diode is forwardly connected between the first pole and the second pole of the first switch tube, and the second diode is reversely connected between the first pole and the second pole of the second switch tube.

10. An inverter, characterized in that: The inverter comprises the circuit board according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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