Femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy device
The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy directly positions the femoral mechanical axis and limits the sliding of the osteotomy guide plate, which solves the problems of error and injury risk in the femoral intramedullary positioning osteotomy method in the existing technology, and achieves higher osteotomy accuracy and Security.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420992335.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing intramarrow positioning osteotomy in femoral marrow has a risk of error in total knee arthroplasty, increasing the risk of femoral injury, bleeding, and deep venous thrombosis.
A femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy is designed, which directly locates the femoral mechanical axis through the positioner, and combines with the extension of the osteotomy guide plate to limit the sliding of the osteotomy guide plate, determine the osteotomy position, and avoid traumatic drilling and opening of the distal femur.
It reduces the risk of femoral injury, fat embolism and deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs, reduces positioning errors and trauma, improves the accuracy of osteotomy, is easy to operate, and facilitates clinical application in primary hospitals.
Smart Images
Figure CN222367749U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of medical technology, in particular to a femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy device. Background Art
[0002] Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective method for the treatment of severe or advanced knee joint diseases in the medical field. Through precise and effective osteotomy, TKA can restore the normal force line of the lower limb. The restoration of normal force line is the prerequisite for the reconstruction of knee joint function and the key to prolonging the service life of the prosthesis. At present, the more mature osteotomy scheme in clinical practice is to use the femoral intramedullary positioning osteotomy method at the distal end of the femur, referred to as intramedullary positioning. The anatomical axis of the femur is found by inserting a medullary rod into the medullary cavity. With this anatomical axis as a reference, the osteotomy plane is determined according to degrees such as 5°, 6° or 7° (this degree is obtained by measuring the angle between the anatomical axis and the mechanical axis through preoperative X-rays), so as to achieve mechanical axis alignment. This scheme may have errors in actual application. The errors may occur in the determination of the valgus osteotomy angle of the distal femur or the deviation of the insertion position of the intramedullary positioning rod. Or there are some special conditions of the patient himself, such as malformation of the femoral shaft after fracture on the affected side or a longer femoral stem during hip replacement on the affected side. In addition, intramedullary positioning increases the risk of femoral injury, the potential for increased bleeding, and an increased risk of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome for total knee replacement surgery, comprising:
[0004] A positioner, configured to position a femoral mechanical axis, comprising:
[0005] a locating ring configured to locate the center of the femoral head; and
[0006] a positioning rod extending from the positioning ring away from the positioning ring, the free end of the positioning rod being configured to locate the midpoint of the medial and lateral condyles of the distal femur; and
[0007] The osteotomy guide is configured to locate the osteotomy position based on the femoral mechanical axis located by the locator, comprising an osteotomy guide body and an extension extending from the osteotomy guide body away from the osteotomy guide body, wherein the extension is configured to limit the sliding of the osteotomy guide along the femoral mechanical axis to determine the osteotomy position.
[0008] In some embodiments, the positioning rod has two or more positioning holes arranged along the extending direction of the positioning rod, and the positioning holes are configured to insert positioning pins.
[0009] The extension portion includes a first extension portion and a second extension portion which are arranged in parallel, and a gap is defined between the first extension portion and the second extension portion. The gap is configured to accommodate the positioning pin so that the osteotomy guide plate is positioned in a direction perpendicular to the femoral mechanical axis in a coronal plane.
[0010] In some embodiments, the positioning pin is configured to be inserted into the positioning hole in the sagittal plane perpendicular to the distal anatomical axis of the femur, and a marking line is provided on the side wall away from the other of at least one of the first extension portion and the second extension portion, and the marking line is perpendicular to the extension direction of the extension portion.
[0011] In some embodiments, the osteotomy guide comprises an osteotome configured to locate the osteotomy position.
[0012] The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome also includes:
[0013] An osteotomy baffle, configured to cooperate with the osteotomy chisel of the osteotomy guide plate so that the osteotomy guide plate is positioned in the direction of the femoral mechanical axis in the coronal plane, comprising:
[0014] A first plug plate and a second plug plate are arranged in parallel, the first plug plate is configured to abut against the distal end of the femur, and the second plug plate is configured to be inserted into the osteotome; and
[0015] A connecting portion, connecting the first plug board and the second plug board,
[0016] The length of the first plugboard is greater than that of the second plugboard, and the second plugboard includes a first sub-plugboard and a second sub-plugboard that are spaced apart.
[0017] In some embodiments, the distance between the first plug plate and the second plug plate is 9 mm.
[0018] In some embodiments, the osteotome passes through the osteotomy guide, and the osteotome includes a first osteotome and a second osteotome that are sequentially away from the edge of the osteotomy guide, the edge of the osteotomy guide is arranged opposite to the extension portion, the first osteotome and the second osteotome are arranged in parallel, and both are perpendicular to the extension direction of the extension portion.
[0019] In some embodiments, the width of the first osteotome and the second osteotome are both 1.5 mm, the first osteotome and the second osteotome are spaced 1 mm apart, and the distance between the first osteotome and the edge of the osteotomy guide is 2 mm.
[0020] In some embodiments, a fixing hole is formed on the osteotomy guide plate, configured to insert a fixing pin to fix the osteotomy guide plate on the femur, and the fixing hole is disposed between the osteotome and the extension portion.
[0021] In some embodiments, the fixing holes include a first fixing hole, a second fixing hole, and a third fixing hole that are sequentially away from the osteotome.
[0022] The first fixing hole comprises a first fixing sub-hole and a second fixing sub-hole, a line connecting the centers of the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole is perpendicular to an extending direction of the extending portion, and the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole are respectively located on both sides of the extending direction of the extending portion;
[0023] The second fixing hole includes a third fixing sub-hole and a fourth fixing sub-hole, a line connecting the centers of the third fixing hole and the fourth fixing hole is perpendicular to an extension direction of the extension portion, and the third fixing sub-hole and the fourth fixing hole are respectively located on both sides of the extension direction of the extension portion;
[0024] The third fixing hole includes a fifth fixing sub-hole and a sixth fixing sub-hole, a line connecting the centers of the fifth fixing sub-hole and the sixth fixing sub-hole is perpendicular to the extending direction of the extending portion, and the fifth fixing sub-hole and the sixth fixing hole are respectively located on both sides of the extending direction of the extending portion.
[0025] In some embodiments, the line connecting the centers of the first fixer hole, the third fixer hole and the fifth fixer hole is a triangle, the centers of the first fixer hole, the third fixer hole and the fifth fixer hole are successively away from the osteotome in the extension direction of the extension portion, and the centers of the first fixer hole, the third fixer hole and the fifth fixer hole are successively spaced 2 mm apart in the extension direction of the extension portion;
[0026] A line connecting the centers of the second, fourth and sixth fixer holes is a triangle, the centers of the second, fourth and sixth fixer holes are successively away from the osteotome in the extension direction of the extension portion, and the centers of the second, fourth and sixth fixer holes are successively spaced 2 mm apart in the extension direction of the extension portion.
[0027] The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome provided by the present invention includes a positioner and an osteotomy guide plate matched with the positioner. The femoral force line axis (i.e., the femoral mechanical axis) can be directly positioned by the positioner. The osteotomy guide plate is matched with the positioner. The extension of the osteotomy guide plate limits the sliding of the osteotomy guide plate along the femoral mechanical axis to determine the osteotomy position. There is no need to perform traumatic femoral distal drilling and medullary opening, which reduces the risk of femoral injury, fat embolism, and deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs, and directly positions the femoral mechanical axis to reduce positioning errors. The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome provided by the present invention is easy to operate, easy to master, and conducive to promotion. It avoids medullary expansion operation, reduces trauma and bleeding, reduces the incidence of fat embolism and deep vein thrombosis, improves the accuracy of distal femoral osteotomy, and is convenient for clinical development in primary hospitals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:
[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a positioner in a femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy device provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the use of a locator provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an osteotomy guide plate in a femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy device provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0032] Figure 4 A perspective view of a sagittal plane localization needle insertion into a femur provided for some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Top view of the middle osteotomy guide;
[0034] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Lateral view of the median osteotomy guide;
[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an osteotomy baffle provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0036] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cooperation between an osteotomy baffle and an osteotomy guide plate provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the present disclosure will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
[0038] The terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings, and "multiple" generally includes at least two.
[0039] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
[0040] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used to describe in the present disclosure, these should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first may also be referred to as the second, and similarly, the second may also be referred to as the first.
[0041] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a product or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such product or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a" do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product or device including the elements.
[0042] The present disclosure provides a femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome for use in total knee replacement surgery, comprising: a positioner configured to position the mechanical axis of the femur, including: a positioning ring configured to position the center of the femoral head; and a positioning rod extending from the positioning ring away from the positioning ring, the free end of the positioning rod being configured to position the midpoint of the medial and lateral condyles of the distal femur; and an osteotomy guide plate configured to position the osteotomy position based on the femoral mechanical axis positioned by the positioner, comprising an osteotomy guide plate body and an extension portion extending from the osteotomy guide plate body away from the osteotomy guide plate body, the extension portion being configured to limit the sliding of the osteotomy guide plate along the femoral mechanical axis to determine the osteotomy position.
[0043] The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome provided by the present invention includes a positioner and an osteotomy guide plate matched with the positioner. The femoral force line axis (i.e., the femoral mechanical axis) can be directly positioned by the positioner. The osteotomy guide plate is matched with the positioner. The extension of the osteotomy guide plate limits the sliding of the osteotomy guide plate along the femoral mechanical axis to determine the osteotomy position. There is no need to perform traumatic femoral distal drilling and medullary opening, which reduces the risk of femoral injury, fat embolism, and deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs, and directly positions the femoral mechanical axis to reduce positioning errors. The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome provided by the present invention is easy to operate, easy to master, and conducive to promotion. It avoids medullary expansion operation, reduces trauma and bleeding, reduces the incidence of fat embolism and deep vein thrombosis, improves the accuracy of distal femoral osteotomy, and is convenient for clinical development in primary hospitals.
[0044] The optional embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a positioner in a femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy device provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the use of a locator provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an osteotomy guide plate in a femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy device provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0046] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome for total knee replacement surgery, the femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome comprising a positioner 10 and an osteotomy guide 20. The positioner 10 is configured to position the femoral mechanical axis, i.e., the femoral force line axis, and the osteotomy guide 20 is configured to position the osteotomy position based on the femoral mechanical axis positioned by the positioner.
[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the locator 10 includes a locating ring 11 and a locating rod 12. The locating ring 11 is configured to locate the center of the femoral head. The locating rod 12 extends away from the locating ring 11, and the free end of the locating rod 12 is configured to locate the midpoint of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur at the distal end of the femur.
[0048] Specifically, in total knee replacement surgery, the femoral mechanical axis can be located using the positioner 10 through a perspective of the human coronal plane, such as a C-arm perspective. The operator can find the femoral head through the perspective view, and align the positioning ring 11 of the positioner 10 with the femoral head, for example, aligning the center of the outer ring 11 with the center of the femoral head. The free end of the positioning rod 12 is aligned with the midpoint of the inner and outer condyles of the femur at the distal end of the femur. At this time, the midline of the positioning rod 12 is basically coincident with the femoral mechanical axis, thereby directly locating the femoral mechanical axis AX1.
[0049] In some embodiments, the positioning ring 11 further includes a cross-shaped component 111 , the center of which substantially coincides with the center of the positioning ring 11 , and the positioning ring 11 provided with the cross-shaped component 111 can be better aligned with the femoral head.
[0050] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the positioning ring 11 is, for example, 52 mm, the inner diameter is, for example, 50 mm, and the width of the cross-shaped component 111 is, for example, 1 mm. The inner diameter of the positioning ring 11 is approximately close to the diameter of an adult femoral head, and the center of the cross-shaped component 111 can be used to calibrate the center of the positioning ring 11.
[0051] In some embodiments, the length of the positioning rod 12 is, for example, 400 mm, and the width is, for example, 15 mm. The length of the positioning rod 12 can match the length of the femur of an average adult.
[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the osteotomy guide plate 20 includes an osteotomy guide plate body 21 and an extension portion 22 extending from the osteotomy guide plate body 21 away from the osteotomy guide plate body, and the extension portion 22 is configured to limit the osteotomy guide plate 20 from sliding along the femoral mechanical axis AX1 to determine the osteotomy position. Specifically, the extension direction of the extension portion 22 is overlapped with the femoral mechanical axis AX1 to limit the osteotomy guide plate 20 from sliding along the femoral mechanical axis AX1.
[0053] In some embodiments, Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the positioning rod 12 has positioning holes 121, the number of the positioning holes 121 is two or more, arranged along the extension direction of the positioning rod 12, and the positioning holes 121 are configured to insert positioning pins 40. The centers of the plurality of positioning holes 121 are collinear, for example, located on the midline of the positioning rod 12, and also located on the midline of the positioning device 10. When the positioning device 10 locates the femoral mechanical axis, at least two positioning pins 40 can be fixed into the femur near the distal end of the femur, so that the at least two positioning pins 40 determine the femoral mechanical axis.
[0054] In some embodiments, the diameter of the positioning hole 121 is, for example, 3 mm, and the distance between the centers of adjacent positioning holes 121 is, for example, 10 mm. The diameter of the positioning pin 40 is, for example, slightly smaller than 3 mm, and matches the positioning hole 121 .
[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, the extension portion 22 includes a first extension portion 221 and a second extension portion 222 arranged in parallel, and a gap 223 is provided between the first extension portion 221 and the second extension portion 222, and the gap 223 is configured to accommodate the positioning pin 40 so that the osteotomy guide plate 20 is positioned in the coronal plane in a direction perpendicular to the femoral mechanical axis.
[0056] In some embodiments, the width of the gap 223 is 3 mm, corresponding to the diameter of the positioning pin 40. The gap 223 accommodates at least two positioning pins 40 for determining the mechanical axis of the femur, so that the osteotomy guide 20 is positioned in the direction perpendicular to the femoral mechanical axis in the coronal plane, that is, the osteotomy guide 20 can slide in the direction parallel to the femoral mechanical axis in the coronal plane, while the position remains unchanged in the direction perpendicular to the femoral mechanical axis.
[0057] In some embodiments, the positioning pin 40 is configured to be inserted into the positioning hole 121 in the sagittal plane perpendicular to the distal anatomical axis of the femur, and a marking line 224 is provided on the side wall away from the other of at least one of the first extension portion 221 and the second extension portion 222, and the marking line 224 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the extension portion 22.
[0058] Figure 4 A perspective view of the insertion of a positioning needle into a femur in the sagittal plane is provided for some embodiments of the present disclosure, i.e., a lateral perspective view of the femur. Figure 4 As shown, the positioning pin 40 is configured to be perpendicular to the anatomical axis AX2 of the distal femur in the sagittal plane, that is, a line connecting 5 mm in front of the Blumensaat line of the distal femur to the midpoint of the medullary cavity at 20 cm of the distal femur.
[0059] With such an arrangement, at least two positioning pins 40 for determining the mechanical axis of the femur can be perpendicular to the anatomical axis of the distal femur in the sagittal plane. By adjusting the osteotomy guide 20, the marking line 224 can be parallel to the positioning pins 40 for determining the mechanical axis of the femur. The marking line 224 is parallel to the positioning pins 40, which is also perpendicular to the anatomical axis of the distal femur in the sagittal plane. In this way, the osteotomy guide 20 determines the osteotomy direction in the coronal and sagittal planes, which is beneficial to the osteotomy operation and ensures the accuracy of the osteotomy direction.
[0060] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Top view of the middle osteotomy guide. Figure 6 for Figure 3 Side view of the osteotomy guide. Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the osteotomy guide 20 includes an osteotomy chisel 23, which is configured to locate the osteotomy position. The osteotomy chisel 23 is disposed on the osteotomy guide body 21 and is in the form of a long slot, which passes through the osteotomy guide body 21. After the osteotomy guide 20 is positioned, an osteotomy saw blade can be inserted into the osteotomy chisel 23 to perform an osteotomy operation on the distal end of the femur.
[0061] In some embodiments, the length of the osteotomy guide body 21 is, for example, 70 mm, the width is, for example, 25 mm, the length of the extension portion 22 is, for example, 40 mm, and the length of the osteotome 23 is, for example, 65 mm.
[0062] In some embodiments, Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the osteotomy guide body 21, for example, includes a first part 211 and a second part 212 adjacent to the extension part 22 in sequence, the width of the first part 211 in the extension direction of the extension part is 10 mm, the osteotomy chisel 23 passes through the first part 211, and the second part has an arc surface, and the width in the extension direction of the extension part is, for example, 15 mm.
[0063] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an osteotomy baffle provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cooperation between an osteotomy baffle and an osteotomy guide plate provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0064] In some embodiments, the femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome further includes an osteotomy baffle 30, which is configured to cooperate with the osteotomy chisel 23 of the osteotomy guide plate 20 to position the osteotomy guide plate 20 in the direction of the femoral mechanical axis AX1 in the coronal plane.
[0065] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the osteotomy baffle 30 includes a first plug plate 31 and a second plug plate 32 arranged in parallel, wherein the first plug plate 31 is configured to abut against the distal end of the femur, and the second plug plate 32 is configured to be inserted into the osteotomy chisel 23. The osteotomy baffle 30 also includes a connecting portion 33, which connects the first plug plate 31 and the second plug plate 32.
[0066] The distance between the first plug plate 31 and the second plug plate 32 is fixed. In some embodiments, the distance between the first plug plate 31 and the second plug plate 32 is 9 mm, which basically matches the distance between the distal end of the femur and the osteotomy position in total knee replacement, that is, the osteotomy thickness. When the first plug plate abuts against the distal end of the femur, the osteotomy chisel 23 inserted by the second plug plate 32 locates the osteotomy position. At this time, the position of the osteotomy guide plate 20 can be fixed to determine the osteotomy position. In specific operations, the osteotomy chisel 23 can be inserted into the second plug plate 32, and the first plug plate can be abutted against the distal end of the femur, and then the osteotomy guide extension part marking line 224 is placed parallel to the positioning pin 40 to determine the position of the osteotomy guide plate 20.
[0067] In some embodiments, Figure 7 As shown, the length of the first plug plate 31 is greater than that of the second plug plate 32, and the second plug plate 32 includes a first sub-plug plate 321 and a second sub-plug plate 322 arranged at intervals. Such a design ensures that after the second plug plate 32 is inserted into the osteotomy chisel 23, there is still a gap in the osteotomy groove 23 for inserting the test sickle.
[0068] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first plug board 31, the second plug board 32 and the connecting portion 23 are, for example, 1.4 mm. The width (the length of the side adjacent to the connecting plate 33) of the first plug board 31 is, for example, 60 mm, and the length is, for example, 50 mm. The length of the first sub-plug board 321 and the second sub-plug board 322 is, for example, 20 mm, and the width (the length of the side adjacent to the connecting plate 33) is, for example, 15 mm. The distance between the outer surface of the first plug board 31 and the outer surface of the second plug board 32 is, for example, 11.8 mm.
[0069] In some embodiments, Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the osteotomy chisel 23 passes through the osteotomy guide 20, and the osteotomy chisel 23 includes a first osteotomy chisel 231 and a second osteotomy chisel 232 which are sequentially away from the edge 24 of the osteotomy guide, and the edge 24 of the osteotomy guide is arranged opposite to the extension portion 22, and the first osteotomy chisel 231 and the second osteotomy chisel 232 are arranged in parallel and are both perpendicular to the extension direction of the extension portion 22.
[0070] In some embodiments, the width of the first osteotome 231 and the second osteotome 232 are both 1.5 mm, the first osteotome 231 and the second osteotome 232 are spaced 1 mm apart, and the distance between the first osteotome 231 and the edge 24 of the osteotome guide plate is 2 mm. This arrangement allows the center spacing of the first osteotome 231 and the second osteotome 232 to be 2.5 mm. Once the osteotome guide plate 20 is positioned, if the osteotomy position needs to be adjusted, for example, the osteotomy thickness is increased by 2.5 mm, the position of the osteotome guide plate 20 may not be changed, and the second osteotome 232 may be used to perform the osteotomy operation directly.
[0071] In some embodiments, a fixing hole 25 is formed on the osteotomy guide plate 20 , and is configured to be inserted with a fixing pin to fix the osteotomy guide plate 20 on the femur. The fixing hole 25 is disposed between the osteotomy chisel 23 and the extension portion 22 .
[0072] In some embodiments, Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the fixing hole 25 includes a first fixing hole 251 , a second fixing hole 252 and a third fixing hole 253 which are sequentially away from the osteotome 23 .
[0073] The first fixing hole 251 includes a first fixing sub-hole 2511 and a second fixing sub-hole 2512, and a line connecting the centers of the first fixing sub-hole 2511 and the second fixing sub-hole 2512 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the extension portion 22, that is, parallel to the extension direction of the osteotomy chisel 23, and the first fixing sub-hole 2511 and the second fixing sub-hole 2512 are respectively located on both sides of the extension direction of the extension portion 22.
[0074] The second fixing hole 252 includes a third fixing sub-hole 2523 and a fourth fixing sub-hole 2524, and a line connecting the centers of the third fixing sub-hole 2523 and the fourth fixing sub-hole 2524 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the extension portion 22, that is, parallel to the extension direction of the osteotomy chisel 23, and the third fixing sub-hole 2523 and the fourth fixing sub-hole 2524 are respectively located on both sides of the extension direction of the extension portion 22.
[0075] The third fixing hole 253 includes a fifth fixing sub-hole 2535 and a sixth fixing sub-hole 2536, and the line connecting the centers of the fifth fixing sub-hole 2535 and the sixth fixing sub-hole 2536 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the extension portion 22, that is, parallel to the extension direction of the osteotomy chisel 23, and the fifth fixing sub-hole 2535 and the sixth fixing sub-hole 2536 are respectively located on both sides of the extension direction of the extension portion 22.
[0076] When the osteotomy baffle 30 cooperates with the osteotomy guide plate 20 and the osteotomy guide plate is positioned along the mechanical axis of the femur, a fixing pin can be passed through one of the first fixing hole 251, the second fixing hole 252 and the third fixing hole 253, that is, two fixing pins are passed through a pair of fixing sub-holes to fix the osteotomy guide plate 20 on the femur. For example, two fixing pins are used to pass through the third fixing sub-hole 2523 and the fourth fixing sub-hole 2524 respectively to fix the osteotomy guide plate 20 on the femur.
[0077] In some embodiments, Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the line connecting the centers of the first stator hole 2511, the third stator hole 2523 and the fifth stator hole 2535 is a triangle, the centers of the first stator hole 2511, the third stator hole 2523 and the fifth stator hole 2535 are successively away from the osteotomy chisel 23 in the extension direction of the extension portion 22, the centers of the first stator hole 2511, the third stator hole 2523 and the fifth stator hole 2535 are successively spaced 2 mm apart in the extension direction of the extension portion, and the center of the third stator hole 2523 is located 4 mm to one side of the line connecting the centers of the first stator hole 2511 and the fifth stator hole 2535.
[0078] The line connecting the centers of the second stator hole 2512, the fourth stator hole 2524 and the sixth stator hole 2536 is a triangle, the centers of the second stator hole 2512, the fourth stator hole 2524 and the sixth stator hole 2536 are successively away from the osteotomy chisel 22 in the extension direction of the extension portion 22, the centers of the second stator hole 2512, the fourth stator hole 2524 and the sixth stator hole 2536 are successively 2 mm apart in the extension direction of the extension portion 22, and the center of the fourth stator hole 2524 is located 4 mm to one side of the line connecting the centers of the second stator hole 2512 and the sixth stator hole 2536. In some embodiments, the diameter of the fixing hole 25 is, for example, 3 mm, which matches the diameter of the fixing needle, and the diameter of the fixing needle is, for example, slightly less than 3 mm. The distance between the first stator hole 2511 and the second stator hole 2512 , the distance between the third stator hole 2523 and the fourth stator hole 2524 , and the distance between the fifth stator hole 2535 and the sixth stator hole 2536 are equal.
[0079] In some embodiments, when the osteotomy baffle 30 cooperates with the osteotomy guide plate 20 to determine the position of the osteotomy guide plate along the mechanical axis of the femur, two fixing pins are used to pass through the third fixing sub-hole 2523 and the fourth fixing sub-hole 2524 to fix the osteotomy guide plate 20 on the femur. If the osteotomy thickness needs to be increased, for example, by 2 mm, the fixing pin fixed on the femur can be changed to pass through the first fixing sub-hole 2511 and the second fixing sub-hole 2512. If the osteotomy thickness needs to be reduced, for example, by 2 mm, the fixing pin fixed on the femur can be changed to pass through the fifth fixing sub-hole 2535 and the sixth fixing sub-hole 2536.
[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. For the system or device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part description.
[0081] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, rather than to limit them. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Claims
1. A femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy device for total knee replacement surgery, characterized in that: include: A positioner, configured to position a femoral mechanical axis, comprising: a locating ring configured to locate the center of the femoral head; as well as a positioning rod extending from the positioning ring away from the positioning ring, the free end of the positioning rod being configured to locate the midpoint of the medial and lateral condyles of the distal femur; and The osteotomy guide is configured to locate the osteotomy position based on the femoral mechanical axis located by the locator, comprising an osteotomy guide body and an extension extending from the osteotomy guide body away from the osteotomy guide body, wherein the extension is configured to limit the sliding of the osteotomy guide along the femoral mechanical axis to determine the osteotomy position.
2. The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy device according to claim 1, wherein: The positioning rod has two or more positioning holes arranged along the extending direction of the positioning rod, and the positioning holes are configured to insert positioning pins. The extension portion includes a first extension portion and a second extension portion which are arranged in parallel, and a gap is defined between the first extension portion and the second extension portion. The gap is configured to accommodate the positioning pin so that the osteotomy guide plate is positioned in a direction perpendicular to the femoral mechanical axis in a coronal plane.
3. The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy device according to claim 2, wherein: The positioning needle is configured to be inserted into the positioning hole in the sagittal plane perpendicular to the distal anatomical axis of the femur, and a marking line is provided on the side wall away from the other of at least one of the first extension part and the second extension part, and the marking line is perpendicular to the extension direction of the extension part.
4. The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The osteotomy guide plate includes an osteotome configured to locate the osteotomy position. The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome also includes: An osteotomy baffle, configured to cooperate with the osteotomy chisel of the osteotomy guide plate so that the osteotomy guide plate is positioned in the direction of the femoral mechanical axis in the coronal plane, comprising: A first plug plate and a second plug plate are arranged in parallel, the first plug plate is configured to abut against the distal end of the femur, and the second plug plate is configured to be inserted into the osteotome; and A connecting portion, connecting the first plug board and the second plug board, The length of the first plugboard is greater than that of the second plugboard, and the second plugboard includes a first sub-plugboard and a second sub-plugboard that are spaced apart.
5. The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome according to claim 4, wherein: The distance between the first plug board and the second plug board is 9 mm.
6. The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome according to claim 4, wherein: The osteotome passes through the osteotomy guide, and includes a first osteotome and a second osteotome which are sequentially away from the edge of the osteotomy guide. The edge of the osteotomy guide is arranged opposite to the extension portion. The first osteotome and the second osteotome are arranged in parallel and are both perpendicular to the extension direction of the extension portion.
7. The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome according to claim 6, wherein: The width of the first osteotome and the second osteotome are both 1.5 mm, the first osteotome and the second osteotome are spaced 1 mm apart, and the distance between the first osteotome and the edge of the osteotomy guide is 2 mm.
8. The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome according to claim 4, wherein: The osteotomy guide plate is provided with a fixing hole configured to be inserted with a fixing pin to fix the osteotomy guide plate on the femur, and the fixing hole is arranged between the osteotomy chisel and the extension portion.
9. The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome according to claim 8, wherein: The fixing holes include a first fixing hole, a second fixing hole and a third fixing hole which are sequentially away from the osteotome, The first fixing hole comprises a first fixing sub-hole and a second fixing sub-hole, a line connecting the centers of the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole is perpendicular to an extending direction of the extending portion, and the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole are respectively located on both sides of the extending direction of the extending portion; The second fixing hole includes a third fixing sub-hole and a fourth fixing sub-hole, a line connecting the centers of the third fixing hole and the fourth fixing hole is perpendicular to an extension direction of the extension portion, and the third fixing sub-hole and the fourth fixing hole are respectively located on both sides of the extension direction of the extension portion; The third fixing hole includes a fifth fixing sub-hole and a sixth fixing sub-hole, a line connecting the centers of the fifth fixing sub-hole and the sixth fixing sub-hole is perpendicular to the extending direction of the extending portion, and the fifth fixing sub-hole and the sixth fixing hole are respectively located on both sides of the extending direction of the extending portion.
10. The femoral extramedullary positioning osteotome according to claim 9, wherein: A line connecting the centers of the first, third and fifth fixer holes is a triangle, the centers of the first, third and fifth fixer holes are successively away from the osteotome in the extension direction of the extension portion, and the centers of the first, third and fifth fixer holes are successively spaced 2 mm apart in the extension direction of the extension portion; A line connecting the centers of the second, fourth and sixth fixer holes is a triangle, the centers of the second, fourth and sixth fixer holes are successively away from the osteotome in the extension direction of the extension portion, and the centers of the second, fourth and sixth fixer holes are successively spaced 2 mm apart in the extension direction of the extension portion.