Pulse corona plasma dust, sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device

Abstract

A pulse corona plasma dust, sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device comprises a reactor, an anode system, a cathode system and a spraying system, the top of the cathode system is externally connected with a high-voltage pulse power supply group, the bottom of the cathode system is externally connected with a terminal resistance box group, and the cathode system and the anode system jointly form an electric pulse loop; the anode system is formed by welding M anode tubes which are arranged in parallel, is welded on the reactor shell through an anode partition plate and forms a grounding electrode together with the reactor shell; the anode system and the cathode system in the reactor are creatively designed, so that characteristic impedance matching among a power supply, the reactor, a high-voltage coaxial cable and a terminal resistance box is realized, and the characteristics of reducing energy consumption and improving efficiency are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to the technical field of flue gas treatment, and specifically to a pulse corona plasma dust, sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the most commonly used flue gas treatment processes at the tail of the kiln, desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal equipment are all separate. Dust removal mostly uses electrostatic precipitators, denitrification mostly uses SCR or SNCR technology, and desulfurization mostly uses absorption method. There are many equipments used for flue gas treatment, the system is more complicated, and the one-time investment is large.

[0003] The plasma integrated removal technology uses nanosecond high-voltage pulse corona discharge to activate, ionize or crack H2O, O2 and other molecules in the flue gas, generating strong oxidizing free radicals. These active particles can react with SO2 and NO x The catalytic oxidation is carried out to form high-valent oxides, and in the presence of additives such as ammonia, the corresponding salts are generated and then collected. For example, patent document CN215388720U discloses an industrial flue gas pulse corona plasma desulfurization and denitrification reactor, which ionizes the flue gas by applying a high-voltage pulse with a nano-pulse width between the cathode and anode electrodes, thereby generating a low-temperature plasma, which excites neutral molecules into free radicals, thereby strengthening SO2 and NO x At the same time, by setting up a fan-shaped nozzle to form a continuous water film, the pulse plasma generated by pulse discharge is used to remove the smoke, SO2 and NO in the flue gas. x After the pollutants are removed, the smoke particles are washed down by water flow and collected in an external drainage box. This technology is simple in equipment and occupies a small space, and has gradually begun to be applied in experiments. However, two core technical problems hinder its industrial promotion. One is the development process of high-power, long-life nanosecond high-voltage pulse power supply, and the other is that the energy consumption of the reactor is too high and the energy efficiency is low, which affects the removal rate. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model proposes an integrated removal device with impedance matching between a power supply and a reactor. The electric pulse has no reflection from the input end to the terminal loop, and all the energy can be absorbed by the reactor, which effectively improves the energy utilization efficiency, solves the problem of excessive energy consumption of the reactor, and improves the removal rate of pollutants, which is conducive to the industrial promotion of pulse corona plasma pollutant removal technology.

[0005] The technical solutions of the utility model are as follows:

[0006] A pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device, comprising a reactor, an anode system, a cathode system and a spray system, wherein the cathode system is externally connected to a high-voltage pulse power supply group at the top and to a terminal resistor box group at the bottom, and together with the anode system, forms an electric pulse loop; the characteristic is that the anode system is formed by M anode tubes arranged in parallel and welded, and is welded to the reactor shell through an anode separator, and together with the reactor shell, forms a grounding electrode;

[0007] The cathode system includes M cathode wires, a cathode frame and a cathode hanging large porcelain bottle; the cathode wire is located in the anode tube, and is composed of a barbed wire and a plurality of potting inductors connected in series on the barbed wire; the cathode frame is composed of an upper connecting steel belt, a lower connecting steel plate, a frame square tube, a frame round tube and a fork-shaped connecting frame; the top of the cathode wire is screwed to the upper connecting steel belt, and the bottom is screwed to the lower connecting steel plate, the upper connecting steel belt is sleeved on the frame round tube and can move along the axial direction of the frame round tube, the frame round tube is supported on the frame square tube, and the frame round tube can move in the radial direction, so as to ensure that the cathode wire is located at the exact center of the anode tube; the two ends of the frame square tube are respectively fixed on the fork-shaped connecting frame, and the cathode hanging large porcelain bottle is placed in an incubator and fixed to the top of the reactor through the fork-shaped connecting frame; the characteristic impedance of each anode tube and cathode wire meets the following conditions:

[0008] Z2=Z1 / M,

[0009] Where Z1 is the characteristic impedance of the transmission line composed of a single cathode wire and an anode tube; Z2 is the characteristic impedance of the transmission line composed of M cathode wires and an anode tube, that is, the characteristic impedance of the reactor; L and C are the inductance per unit length and the capacitance per unit length of the transmission line composed of a single cathode wire and an anode tube; D1 is the diameter of the cathode wire, D2 is the diameter of the anode tube, and ε r is the relative dielectric constant of the medium between the cathode wire and the anode tube, ε0 is the dielectric constant in a vacuum, μ0 is the magnetic permeability in a vacuum, n is the number of potting inductors in series in a single barb wire, L′ is the single inductance value of the potting inductors in series, and l is the length of a single anode tube;

[0010] The characteristic impedance of the reactor is changed by adjusting the above parameter values ​​of D1, D2, n, L′, l;

[0011] The spray system is located above the cathode frame and is supplied with industrial ammonia water from the outside to absorb acidic substances generated by the collision reaction between nitrogen sulfide and high-energy particles emitted by the pulse corona, and then react to generate salt substances, which are mixed with dust substances and washed together, and then discharged along the anode tube through the bottom drain port of the reactor;

[0012] The conditioned flue gas enters the reactor cavity through the reactor's air inlet duct, flows into the anode tube of the anode system through the guide and equalizing plate, undergoes a chemical reaction under the discharge of the cathode system, and then undergoes further reaction and absorption by industrial ammonia water in the spray system. After the reactor is sprayed and cleaned, the treated flue gas is dust-free, desulfurized, and denitrified, and is discharged into the atmosphere through the reactor's air outlet duct.

[0013] Furthermore, a spray system including a spray pipe and a spray joint is arranged at the upper end of the cathode frame. Industrial ammonia water is supplied from the outside to absorb acidic substances generated by the collision reaction of nitrogen sulfides and high-energy particles emitted by the pulse corona, and then react to generate salt substances, which are mixed with dust substances and flushed together and enter the sewage outlet along the anode tube.

[0014] The wiring of the high-voltage pulse power supply group is in the insulation box, and is connected to the fork-shaped connecting frame mounted on the cathode hanging large porcelain bottle through the first wiring insulator and the power supply high-voltage coaxial cable; the wiring of the lower end of the cathode system and the terminal resistance box group is in the reactor cavity, and is connected to the cathode line lower end connecting steel plate through the second wiring insulator and the resistance high-voltage coaxial cable.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1) The utility model provides a pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device. Through the creative design of the anode system and the cathode system in the reactor, the characteristic impedance between the power supply, the reactor, the high-voltage coaxial cable and the terminal resistance box is matched, so as to achieve the characteristics of reducing energy consumption and improving efficiency.

[0017] 2) The utility model can improve energy utilization efficiency, reduce the attenuation and power loss of pulse current during transmission, thereby effectively improving the removal rate of pollutants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is the front axonometric view of the utility model pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device

[0019] Figure 2 This is the rear axonometric view of the utility model pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device

[0020] Figure 3 This is the front axonometric view of the main body of the utility model pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the main body of the utility model pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device

[0022] Figure 5This is the front axonometric view of the cathode system, anode system and spray system of the utility model pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device

[0023] Figure 6 This is the front view of the cathode system, anode system and spray system of the utility model pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device

[0024] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-voltage pulse power supply group of the pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device of the utility model

[0025] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the terminal resistance box group of the pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device of the utility model

[0026] Fig. 9 This is an axonometric view of the series inductive cathode line of the pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device of the utility model.

[0027] Description of the serial numbers in the figure:

[0028] (1) Reactor: (11) Inlet flue; (12) Outlet flue; (13) Reactor cavity; (14) Flow guide plate; (15) Drainage outlet;

[0029] (2) Anode system: (21) Anode tube; (22) Anode separator;

[0030] (3) Cathode system:

[0031] (31) cathode wire: (311) barb wire; (312) potting inductor; (313) inductor wiring screw; (314) potting epoxy glue;

[0032] (32) cathode frame: (321) upper end connecting steel strip; (322) lower end connecting steel plate; (323) frame square tube; (324) frame round tube; (325) fork-shaped connecting frame;

[0033] (33) Cathode hanging large porcelain bottle;

[0034] (4) Spray system: (41) Spray pipe; (42) Spray joint;

[0035] (5) High-voltage pulse power supply group: (51) nanosecond pulse power supply; (52) high-voltage coaxial cable; (53) first connection insulator

[0036] (6) Terminal resistance box group: (61) Terminal resistance box resistor; (62) High voltage coaxial cable; (63) Second connection insulator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and priority of the utility model clearer, a clear description will be made below in combination with the specific embodiments of the utility model and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the examples described are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of the utility model. The terms used in the specification of the utility model are only for the purpose of describing specific implementation methods and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0038] The present embodiment provides a device for integrated removal of dust, sulfur and nitrate by pulse corona plasma, comprising a reactor 1, wherein the reactor 1 comprises an air inlet flue 11, an air outlet flue 12, a reactor inner cavity 13, a flow guide and equalizing plate 14 and a drain port 15 arranged relatively to each other; the reactor also comprises an anode system 2, a cathode system 3 and a spray system 4. In the reactor 1, the flue gas passes through the anode system 2 and the cathode system 3, an electrochemical reaction occurs, and then industrial ammonia water is sprayed into the spray system 4 to further react with the intermediate product, thereby completing the removal of dust, sulfur and nitrate.

[0039] In addition, the pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device also includes a high-voltage pulse power supply group 5 and a terminal resistance box group 6. The high-voltage pulse power supply group 5 provides nanosecond high-voltage pulses in the reactor 1, and the terminal resistance box 6 completes the energy absorption of the cathode system 3.

[0040] The following is a detailed description of each component of the pulse corona plasma dust, sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device provided by the utility model.

[0041] Reactor 1 is for dust containing different particle diameters, SO2 and NO x The flue gas containing pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and sulfur dioxide is provided with a reaction treatment place, including an inlet flue 11, an outlet flue 12, a reactor cavity 13, a guide and equalizing plate 14 and a drain 15. The quenched flue gas is introduced into the inlet flue 11 by the induced draft fan, flows through the guide and equalizing plate 14, thereby slowing down the flow rate and evenly flowing into the anode tube in the anode system 2, and chemically reacts under the discharge action of the cathode system 3, and then further reacts and absorbs the industrial ammonia water in the spray system 4, sprays and cleans the reactor, and the generated by-products are discharged through the drain 15; and the treated flue gas completes the steps of dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification, and is discharged into the atmosphere through the outlet flue 12.

[0042] The anode system 2, cathode system 3, high-voltage pulse power supply group 5 and terminal resistance box group 6 are connected to form an electric pulse discharge. The anode system 2 includes an anode tube 21 and an anode separator 22, which are welded together with the reactor shell to form a grounding electrode; the cathode system 3 includes a cathode line 31, a cathode frame 32, and a cathode hanging large porcelain bottle 33; the cathode frame 32 includes a cathode line upper end connecting steel strip 321, a cathode line lower end connecting steel plate 322, a frame square tube 323, a frame round tube 324, and a cathode fork-shaped connecting frame 325; the high-voltage pulse power supply group 5 includes a nanosecond pulse power supply 51, a power supply high-voltage coaxial cable 52 and a wiring insulator 53; the terminal resistance box group 6 includes a terminal resistance box 61, a resistance high-voltage coaxial cable 62 and a wiring insulator 63.

[0043] In the plasma flue gas treatment system using a pulse power supply as the discharge excitation source, the reactor consumes a lot of energy and the power supply efficiency is low, resulting in a low escape rate, which is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Under nanosecond pulse electrical transmission, the length of the transmission line is on the order of magnitude of the signal wavelength, and the influence of the transmission line needs to be considered. In the utility model, it is necessary to consider the characteristic impedance matching between the power supply and the reactor, otherwise the waveform is prone to reflection and distortion, which will lead to increased energy consumption and energy utilization. The utility model completes the matching performance of the discharge system from power input to output and reduces energy consumption by studying and creating the anode system 2 and the cathode system 3.

[0044] In the anode system 2 and the cathode system 3 , each anode tube 21 is equipped with a cathode wire 31 , and the cathode wire 31 includes a barb wire 311 , a plurality of potting inductors 312 , inductor wiring screws 313 , and potting epoxy glue 314 .

[0045] The inductor is a ferrite core embedded in the frame, and the stainless steel wire is wound in a multi-layer coil form to increase the inductance of a single inductor. The end of the barb wire is threaded and can be screwed into the inductor frame. The wires at both ends of the inductor are then screwed into the threaded holes on the side of the barb wire. This part, including the inductor and the threaded connection, is then potted to improve corrosion resistance, insulation and heat dissipation.

[0046] The size of the potted inductor 312 accounts for a small proportion of the entire cathode line, and the discharge effect caused by the lack of thorns here can be ignored. However, the series inductor has a greater impact on the distributed inductance value of the cathode transmission line of the anode line, which can increase the characteristic impedance of a single anode tube and cathode line group. Each group of cathode lines is connected in parallel, and the impedance can be evenly divided again. Through design calculation, the characteristic impedance of the final reactor can be met to be the same as the impedance of the power supply, cable, and terminal resistance, thereby completing the matching.

[0047] The anode tube 21 and cathode line 31 can be regarded as uniform transmission lines, and the characteristic impedance is calculated according to the transmission line principle:

[0048] The characteristic impedance of a single anode tube and a single cathode line is

[0049] Z2=Z1 / M,where: Wherein, Z1 is the characteristic impedance of the transmission line composed of a single cathode wire and an anode tube; Z2 is the characteristic impedance of the transmission line composed of M cathode wires and anode tubes, i.e., the characteristic impedance of the reactor; M is the number of anode tubes or cathode wires in the reactor; L and C are the inductance per unit length and the capacitance per unit length of the transmission line composed of a single cathode wire and an anode tube; D1 is the diameter of the cathode wire, D2 is the diameter of the anode tube, ε r is the relative dielectric constant of the medium between the cathode wire and the anode tube, ε0 is the dielectric constant in vacuum, μ0 is the magnetic permeability in vacuum, n is the number of inductors in series in a single pole wire, L ′ is the single inductance value of the series inductor, and l is the length of a single anode tube.

[0050] The power supply high voltage coaxial cable 52 and the resistor high voltage coaxial cable 62 are the same type of cables, and the characteristic impedance of the conventional type is 90Ω; the resistance value in the terminal resistor box 61 can be selected to be 90Ω. Due to the serious heating of the resistor, a non-inductive ceramic resistor or other form of resistor can be selected to be connected in series and parallel, placed in the transformer oil tank, and then led out.

[0051] Take the data of the anode tube length of 5 meters, the cathode line of 6 meters, the inner diameter of the anode tube of 300 mm, the outer diameter of the cathode line of 12 mm, the number of reactor anode tubes of 38, the characteristic impedance Z3 of the high-voltage coaxial cable of 90Ω, and the terminal resistance box resistance value Z4 of 90Ω as an example. To achieve impedance matching, it is required that Z2=Z1 / M=Z3=Z4. It is calculated that Z1 needs to be 3420Ω. In a single tube pole line, C is 17.275pF / m, so L is required to be 2H / m. If n is 10, each series inductor needs 1H. Through calculation and actual winding inductance measurement again, the size of the series inductor is roughly 50 mm in outer diameter and 100 mm in length. Distribute 10 inductors evenly on the cathode line to form a whole. At this time, the characteristic impedance matching of the discharge circuit is completed.

[0052] After the impedance of the power supply is matched with that of the reactor, all the energy of the power supply can be transferred to the reactor without any refraction or reflection, thus achieving energy utilization with maximum efficiency. This improves the discharge intensity and range in the reactor, increases the number of active particles produced, and plays a positive role in desulfurization and denitrification.

[0053] The connection between the cathode wire 31 and the cathode frame 32 omits the insulating porcelain bottle because the structural form of the cathode wire 31 is changed, and there is no need to connect the poles in series, and there is no need to consider the insulation between the poles and the cathode frame 32, thus eliminating the cumbersome installation steps. At the same time, the position of the cathode wire is adjusted by adjusting the connecting steel belt 321 and the frame round tube 324 at the upper end of the cathode wire to compensate for the errors caused by manufacturing and assembly, so as to ensure the relative position of the pole wire and the pole tube in the middle.

[0054] The spray system 4 is composed of a spray pipe 41 and a spray joint 42, and pipelines are arranged horizontally to ensure that spray cleaning can be performed without dead corners in the reactor. The external pipeline of the spray system is connected to the industrial ammonia pipeline, and the industrial ammonia can react and absorb the nitrides and sulfides that have been oxidized by the active particles to form by-products. At the same time, due to the effect of the pulsed electric field, the ash in the flue gas is concentrated on the anode tube wall and the cathode line, and the industrial ammonia also plays a cleaning role, thus completing the last step of dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification.

Claims

1. A pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device, comprising a reactor (1), an anode system (2), a cathode system (3) and a spray system (4), wherein: The cathode system (3) is externally connected to a high-voltage pulse power supply group (5) at the top and to a terminal resistance box group (6) at the bottom, and together with the anode system (2) forms an electric pulse circuit; it is characterized in that the anode system (2) is formed by M anode tubes (21) arranged in parallel and welded, and is welded to the reactor shell through an anode separator (22), and together with the reactor shell forms a grounding electrode; The cathode system (3) comprises M cathode wires (31), a cathode frame (32) and a cathode hanging large porcelain bottle (33); the cathode wire (31) is located in the anode tube (21) and is composed of a barbed wire (311) and a plurality of potting inductors (312) connected in series to the barbed wire (311); the cathode frame (32) is composed of an upper connecting steel strip (321), a lower connecting steel plate (322), a frame square tube (323), a frame round tube (324) and a fork-shaped connecting frame (325); the top of the cathode wire (31) is screwed to the upper connecting steel strip (321), and the bottom is screwed to the lower connecting steel plate (322). 22) screws are tightened, the upper end connecting steel belt (321) is sleeved on the frame round tube (324) and can move along the axial direction of the frame round tube (324), the frame round tube (324) is supported on the frame square tube (323), and the frame round tube (324) can move in the radial direction, so as to ensure that the cathode line (31) is located at the center of the anode tube (21); the two ends of the frame square tube (323) are respectively fixed on the fork-shaped connecting frame (325), the cathode hanging large porcelain bottle (33) is placed in an insulation box, and is fixed to the top of the reactor (1) through the fork-shaped connecting frame (325); The characteristic impedance of each anode tube (21) and cathode line (31) satisfies the following conditions: Where Z1 is the characteristic impedance of the transmission line composed of a single cathode wire and an anode tube; Z2 is the characteristic impedance of the transmission line composed of M cathode wires and an anode tube, that is, the characteristic impedance of the reactor; L and C are the inductance per unit length and the capacitance per unit length of the transmission line composed of a single cathode wire and an anode tube; D1 is the diameter of the cathode wire, D2 is the diameter of the anode tube, and ε r is the relative dielectric constant of the medium between the cathode wire and the anode tube, ε0 is the dielectric constant in vacuum, μ0 is the magnetic permeability in vacuum, n is the number of potting inductors in series in a single barb wire, L ′ is the single inductance value of the potted inductor in series, l is the length of a single anode tube; By adjusting the above D1,D2,n,L ′ ,l parameter value to change the characteristic impedance of the reactor; The spray system (4) is located above the cathode frame (32) and is supplied with industrial ammonia water from the outside to absorb acidic substances generated by the collision reaction between nitrogen sulfide and high-energy particles emitted by the pulse corona, and then react to generate salt substances, which are mixed with dust substances and washed together, and then discharged along the anode tube (21) through the bottom drain port (15) of the reactor (1); The conditioned flue gas enters the reactor cavity (13) through the inlet flue (11) of the reactor (1), flows into the anode tube (21) of the anode system (2) through the guide and equalizing plate (14), undergoes a chemical reaction under the discharge action of the cathode system (3), and then undergoes further reaction and absorption by industrial ammonia water in the spray system (4). After the reactor (1) is sprayed and cleaned, the treated flue gas is dust-free, desulfurized, and denitrified, and is discharged into the atmosphere through the outlet flue (12) of the reactor (1).

2. The pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The high-voltage pulse power supply group (5) provides nanosecond-level high-voltage pulses in the reactor (1); the terminal resistance box group (6) completes the energy absorption of the cathode system (3); the high-voltage pulse power supply group (5) includes a nanosecond pulse power supply (51), a power supply high-voltage coaxial cable (52) and a first wiring insulator (53); the terminal resistance box group (6) includes a terminal resistance box (61), a resistance high-voltage coaxial cable (62) and a second wiring insulator (63); the resistance value of the terminal resistance box (61) is Z3.

3. The pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The power supply high-voltage coaxial cable (52) and the resistance high-voltage coaxial cable (62) are cables of the same type, and their characteristic impedance value is Z4.

4. The pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The characteristic impedance Z2 of the reactor, the resistance value Z3 of the terminal resistance box (61) and the characteristic impedance Z4 of the high-voltage coaxial cable satisfy Z2=Z3=Z4.

5. The pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wiring of the high-voltage pulse power supply group (5) is in the heat preservation box, and is connected to the fork-shaped connecting frame (325) suspended on the cathode hanging large porcelain bottle (33) through the first wiring insulator (53) and the power supply high-voltage coaxial cable (52); the wiring of the lower end of the cathode system (3) and the terminal resistance box group (6) is in the reactor cavity (13), and is connected to the cathode line lower end connecting steel plate (322) through the second wiring insulator (63) and the resistance high-voltage coaxial cable (62).

6. The pulse corona plasma dust sulfur and nitrate integrated removal device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spray system (4) is composed of a spray pipe (41) and a spray joint (42), and pipelines are arranged in the transverse direction.

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