A tool for inertia friction welding simulation test ring

Abstract

The present application provides a tooling for an inertia friction welding simulation test ring, which configures a cone sleeve of corresponding size for each size of the test ring, installs the test ring on the base through a pin key, and then fixes the test ring in the test ring installation cavity through the cone sleeve. The test ring installation process is simple, which improves the assembly efficiency; there is no need to replace the base for each size of the test ring, only the cone sleeve of corresponding size needs to be adjusted according to the size of the test ring, which not only reduces the overall experimental cost. When the outer diameter of the test ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the test ring installation cavity, an outer cone sleeve is used, and when the outer diameter of the test ring installation cavity is equal to the test ring installation cavity, an inner cone sleeve is used. For test rings of the same outer diameter, inner cone sleeves of different sizes are replaced according to different inner diameters to ensure that the technical solution of the present application can be flexibly applied to test rings of different sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of inertia friction welding equipment, in particular to a tooling for an inertia friction welding simulation test ring. Background Art

[0002] Inertia friction welding is a solid-state connection method. Inertia friction welding, the two workpieces to be welded are usually loaded into the rotating end and the sliding end respectively. The rotating end is realized based on the inertia flywheel. The flywheel stores energy and accelerates the workpiece to the welding angular velocity. When the rotating end speed reaches the set value, the spindle drive motor is separated from the rotating end; the sliding end is generally driven by a hydraulic servo and moves along the axis of the spindle toward the rotating end. After the workpiece contacts, friction begins; the flywheel drive motor power supply is cut off during friction; when the rotating end speed drops to a certain value, the workpiece to be welded begins to be forged, and after a certain period of time, the sliding end withdraws and the welding process ends. In practical applications, the drum rotor and other components of the compressor of aircraft engines have basically adopted the inertia friction welding connection method instead of bolt connection. Because inertia friction welding connection can save a large number of fasteners between components, reduce the overall weight, and reduce the complexity of the structure.

[0003] The inertia friction welding process for aviation needs to undergo rigorous review and test verification. It must pass a series of tests, verifications and reviews before it can be applied to products. Therefore, when processing the compressor drum by inertia friction welding, a welding test needs to be carried out first. For example, the patent with application number CN202223079303.6 is a compressor drum high-temperature alloy inertia friction welding test ring that our company is using. In order to save the cost of experimental materials, it uses a warm alloy inertia friction welding test ring to simulate the workpiece that needs to be tested experimentally. The warm alloy inertia friction welding test ring includes a high-temperature alloy test section and a non-test section. The welding end is set in the high-temperature alloy test section. The two are interlocked and the torque is transmitted through a pin key. After the test ring is installed on the inertia friction welding fixture, it can simulate the various processes of the compressor drum high-temperature alloy inertia friction welding normally. Such a structure only requires that the material of the high-temperature alloy test section is a high-temperature alloy.

[0004] However, in actual use, it is found that in order to improve the test efficiency, test rings of different sizes (diameter or thickness) need to be tested under the same test environment. However, the inertia friction welding fixtures in the prior art correspond one-to-one to the test rings, and each test ring of different sizes needs to be independently customized with a corresponding inertia friction welding fixture, and the assembly of the welding fixture also requires more steps, which also leads to an increase in the experimental cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem in the prior art that each inertia friction welding simulation test ring of different sizes needs to have a corresponding inertia friction welding tooling independently customized therefor, which leads to reduced experimental efficiency and increased costs, the utility model provides a tooling for an inertia friction welding simulation test ring, which can be adapted to inertia friction welding simulation test rings of various sizes based on a set of tooling, thereby improving assembly efficiency and reducing overall costs.

[0006] The structure of the utility model is as follows: a tooling for an inertia friction welding simulation test ring, characterized in that it comprises: a base and a cone sleeve;

[0007] The base comprises: a base body, and two ends of the base body are respectively a test ring mounting end and a drive structure mounting end;

[0008] The test ring installation end is provided with a test ring installation cavity;

[0009] The test ring is placed in the test ring installation cavity, and the welding surface of the test ring protrudes from the seat body of the base when placed;

[0010] The cone sleeve comprises: an inner ring and an outer ring, the outer wall of the inner ring is in the shape of a truncated cone with one end narrow and the other end wide; the inner cavity of the outer ring is in the shape of a truncated cone with one end narrow and the other end wide, and the inner cavity size of the outer ring is adapted to the outer wall of the inner ring, and the two are interference fit; the outer wall of the outer ring is in the shape of a cylindrical cone; the inner cavity of the inner ring is in the shape of a cylindrical cone;

[0011] A locking screw hole is arranged on the ring body of the inner ring parallel to the rotation axis direction of the test ring;

[0012] The inner ring is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer ring, and the outer ring is placed in the inner cavity of the test ring. When installed, the narrower end of the inner ring faces the bottom of the test ring installation cavity where it is located;

[0013] The cone sleeve is installed in the test ring installation cavity through the cooperation of the locking screw hole and the bolt.

[0014] It is further characterized by:

[0015] It also includes a pin key, the size of which is adapted to the size of the pin key slot at the bottom of the test ring;

[0016] The test ring installation cavity includes: a pin key fixing groove and a bolt hole, and the size of the pin key fixing groove is adapted to the size of the pin key on the test ring;

[0017] The bolt holes are evenly distributed in the pin key fixing groove and the test ring installation cavity;

[0018] The base comprises: a rotating end base and a fixed end base, the rotating end of the test ring is installed in the test ring installation cavity of the rotating end base, and the welding surface of the rotating end protrudes from the rotating end base during installation; the sliding end of the test ring is installed in the test ring installation cavity of the fixed end base, and the welding surface of the sliding end protrudes from the fixed end base during installation;

[0019] The types of the cone sleeve include inner cone sleeve and outer cone sleeve;

[0020] The outer circumference diameter of the outer ring in the inner cone sleeve is adapted to the inner cavity diameter of the test ring;

[0021] The inner diameter of the inner ring in the external cone sleeve is adapted to the outer diameter of the test ring, and the size of the outer ring is adapted to the inner diameter of the test ring installation cavity;

[0022] The cone sleeve comprises: a rotating end cone sleeve and a fixed end cone sleeve, the size of the rotating end cone sleeve is adapted to the rotating end of the test ring, and the size of the fixed end cone sleeve is adapted to the sliding end of the test ring;

[0023] The cone sleeve further comprises a cone sleeve contraction seam, one end of which is open, and the cone sleeve contraction seam passes through the cone sleeve in the thickness direction, and the length of the cone sleeve contraction seam is less than the width of the half ring where the cone sleeve is located;

[0024] The cone sleeve contraction seams are evenly arranged on the outer ring and the inner ring along the radial direction; among the cone sleeve contraction seams on the same device, the opening ends of two adjacent cone sleeve contraction seams are in different directions.

[0025] The present application provides a tooling for an inertia friction welding simulation test ring, which configures a cone sleeve of corresponding size for each size of the test ring, installs the test ring on the base through a pin key, and then fixes the test ring in the test ring installation cavity through the cone sleeve. The test ring installation process is simple, which improves the assembly efficiency; there is no need to replace the base for each size of the test ring, only the cone sleeve of corresponding size needs to be adjusted according to the size of the test ring, which not only reduces the overall experimental cost. When the outer diameter of the test ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the test ring installation cavity, an outer cone sleeve is used, and when the outer diameter of the test ring installation cavity is equal to the test ring installation cavity, an inner cone sleeve is used. For test rings of the same outer diameter, inner cone sleeves of different sizes are replaced according to different inner diameters to ensure that the technical solution of the present application can be flexibly applied to test rings of different sizes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the tooling for the inertia friction welding simulation test ring in this application

[0027] Figure 2 3D schematic diagram of the rotating end base;

[0028] Figure 33D schematic diagram of the fixed end base;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the elastic cone sleeve structure;

[0030] Figure 5 3D schematic diagram of pin key;

[0031] Figure 6 3D schematic diagram of the simulation test loop;

[0032] Figure 7 Example of external cone assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] like Figure 1 to Figure 6 As shown, the utility model includes a tooling for an inertia friction welding simulation test ring, which includes: a base, a cone sleeve and a pin key.

[0034] The base includes a base body, and the two ends of the base body are respectively a test ring mounting end and a drive structure mounting end. The test ring mounting end is provided with a test ring mounting cavity. The test ring is placed in the test ring mounting cavity, and the test ring welding surface protrudes from the base body, ensuring that during the experiment, the welding surface of the precious metal can smoothly complete the welding process.

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in , the base includes: a rotating end base 1 and a fixed end base 2. One end of the rotating end base 1 is a rotating end test ring installation cavity 11, and the other end is a rotating drive structure installation end 12; one end of the fixed end base 2 is a sliding end test ring installation cavity 21, and the other end is a translation drive structure installation end 22. The rotating end 51 of the test ring is installed in the rotating end test ring installation cavity 11 of the rotating end base 1, and the welding surface of the rotating end 51 protrudes from the rotating end base 2 during installation; the sliding end 52 of the test ring is installed in the sliding end test ring installation cavity 21 of the fixed end base 2, and the welding surface of the sliding end 52 protrudes from the fixed end base during installation, ensuring that after the test ring is fixed, the welding surfaces of the rotating end 51 and the sliding end 52 can be welded smoothly in the experiment.

[0036] Structurally, the cone sleeve includes: an inner ring and an outer ring. The outer wall of the inner ring is a truncated cone with one end narrow and the other end wide; the inner cavity of the outer ring is a truncated cone with one end narrow and the other end wide, and the inner cavity size of the outer ring is adapted to the outer wall of the inner ring, and the two are interference fit; the outer wall of the outer ring is a cylindrical cone; the inner cavity of the inner ring is a cylindrical cone. The inner ring is set in the inner cavity of the outer ring, and the outer ring is placed in the inner cavity of the test ring. When installing, the narrower end of the inner ring faces the bottom of the test ring installation cavity where it is located. The cone sleeve is installed in the test ring installation cavity through the combination of the locking screw hole and the bolt.

[0037] Because the size of the test ring installation cavity on the base is fixed, in order to be more flexible to test rings of various sizes, the types of cone sleeves in the present application include inner cone sleeves and outer cone sleeves. The outer circumference diameter of the outer ring in the inner cone sleeve is adapted to the inner cavity diameter of the test ring; the inner cavity diameter of the inner ring in the outer cone sleeve is adapted to the outer circumference diameter of the test ring, and the size of the outer ring is adapted to the inner diameter of the test ring installation cavity. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the rotating end cone sleeve 3 and the fixed end cone sleeve 4 used are both inner cone sleeves. Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the rotating end cone sleeve 3 and the fixed end cone sleeve 4 used are both external cone sleeves.

[0038] A locking screw hole is set on the ring body of the inner ring parallel to the rotation axis direction of the test ring. When installing the tapered sleeve, insert the narrower end of the inner ring into the inner cavity of the outer ring, and then gradually press the inner ring into the inner cavity of the outer ring based on the locking bolt passing through the locking screw hole and the bolt holes distributed in the test ring installation cavity, and finally fix it in the test ring installation cavity. In the process of screwing in the locking bolt, the outer wall of the inner ring based on the frustum shape gradually enters the inner cavity of the outer ring. Because the two are interference fit, the outer diameter of the outer ring will be gradually expanded, and the inner diameter of the inner ring will be gradually compressed. If it is an internal tapered sleeve, the test ring placed in its inner ring will be clamped by the inner ring; if it is an external tapered sleeve, the test ring installed on the outer wall of the outer ring will be tightened and fixed by the outer ring from the inner cavity.

[0039] During the experiment, a cone sleeve needs to be set for each test ring, specifically including: a rotating end cone sleeve 3 and a fixed end cone sleeve 4. The size of the rotating end cone sleeve 3 is adapted to the rotating end 51 of the test ring, and the size of the fixed end cone sleeve 4 is adapted to the sliding end 52 of the test ring.

[0040] like Figure 3 The cone sleeve shown is a structural example of the rotating end elastic cone sleeve 3, which includes: an outer ring 31, an inner ring 32, and locking screw holes 33 are evenly arranged on the inner ring 32. The fitting surface between the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32 is an inclined surface 34. When the inner ring 32 is gradually pressed into the inner cavity of the outer ring 31, the two are pressed against each other based on the interference fit of the inclined surface 34.

[0041] Figure 1In the embodiment shown, the outer diameter of the rotating end 51 of the test ring is adapted to the inner diameter of the rotating end test ring installation cavity 11, and the outer diameter of the sliding end 52 of the test ring is adapted to the outer diameter of the sliding end test ring installation cavity 21. After the rotating end 51 and the sliding end 52 of the test ring are installed respectively, the rotating end cone sleeve 3 is installed in the inner cavity of the rotating end 51 of the test ring, and the fixed end cone sleeve 4 is installed in the inner cavity of the sliding end 52 of the test ring. Taking the rotating end cone sleeve 3 as an example, when the inner ring 32 is gradually pressed into the inner cavity of the outer ring 31, the inner ring 32 opens the outer ring 31 from the inside to the outside, and then the outer ring 31 tightens and fixes the rotating end 51 of the test ring from the inside to the outside. In this embodiment, the radial constraint of the test ring by the tooling is designed to be based on rigid constraint on the outer side of the test ring and on elastic constraint on the inner side, so as to ensure that the test ring is clamped; at the same time, the difficulty of rigid assembly is reduced, and the constraint effect can be ensured by tightening the elastic cone sleeve with bolts, and the elastic cone sleeve can be loosened after welding to facilitate the removal of the test ring.

[0042] The cone sleeve further comprises a cone sleeve contraction slit 35 , one end of which is open. The cone sleeve contraction slit 35 penetrates the cone sleeve in the thickness direction, and its length is smaller than the width of the annular structure where it is located.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, the cone sleeve shrinkage slits 35 are evenly arranged on the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32 along the radial direction; whether on the outer ring 31 or the inner ring 32, the opening ends of the two adjacent cone sleeve shrinkage slits 35 distributed on the same device are in different directions. When the outer ring and the inner ring undergo elastic deformation during installation, the setting of the cone sleeve shrinkage slits allows the annular structure to maintain elastic margin.

[0044] The test ring installation cavity includes: a pin key fixing groove and a bolt hole. The size of the pin key fixing groove is adapted to the size of the pin key on the test ring. The test ring installation cavity is an annular groove-shaped cavity opened on the base. The bolt holes on the base are evenly distributed in the pin key fixing groove and the test ring installation cavity to ensure that the base can be used for test rings of various sizes. At the same time, the size of the pin key is adapted to the size of the pin key groove at the bottom of the test ring.

[0045] like Figure 5 The figure shows a structural example of the pin key 6, on which a bolt hole is arranged. Figure 6 As an example of the rotating end 51 of the test ring, a keyway 511 is provided on the rotating end 51 of the test ring. Figure 2 In the rotating end base 1 shown in the figure, a cross-shaped pin key fixing groove 14 is provided in the rotating end test ring installation cavity 11, and bolt holes 13 are distributed in the pin key fixing groove 14 and the cavity bottom of the rotating end test ring installation cavity 11. Figure 3 As shown, a cross-shaped pin key fixing groove 24 is provided in the sliding end test ring installation cavity 21 of the fixed end base 2, and bolt holes 23 are distributed in the pin key fixing groove 24 and the cavity bottom of the sliding end test ring installation cavity 21.

[0046] Take the rotating end base 1 as an example for explanation. When installing, first place the pin key 6 in the pin key fixing groove 14, and then fix the two by passing the bolt 7 through the bolt hole on the pin key 6 and the bolt hole 13 in the pin key fixing groove 14 in sequence. Then, the pin key groove 511 at the bottom of the rotating end 51 of the test ring is installed in coordination with the pin key 6 to ensure that the torque is transmitted through the pin key 6 in the experiment.

[0047] In specific application, the process steps are as follows.

[0048] Step 1. Choose #45 steel as the base, 42CrMo as the elastic cone sleeve, and use NM400 to make the pin key;

[0049] Re-inspection of the blank dimensions of 42CrMo, #45, and NM400; Measure the blank dimensions to ensure that margins are left on each processing surface, and check that the blank surface quality is defect-free; When processing the fixed end and rotating end base, use #45 steel forging blanks, and perform fine processing according to the drawing after stress relief, and the dimensional tolerance meets the assembly requirements; When processing the elastic taper sleeve, use 42CrMo low-alloy forging blanks, perform rough processing, perform stress relief after completion, and then perform fine processing according to the drawing, and the dimensional tolerance meets the assembly requirements;

[0050] The sleeve is made of 42CrMo low-alloy steel and is surface nitrided with a nitriding depth of 0.5mm. The hardness reaches HB350, and the deformation of the parts is within the tolerance range. NM400 wear-resistant alloy material is used as the pin key, which has good torsional resistance. The pin key thickness is designed to be 20mm, 10mm is sunk into the base, and 10mm protrudes to cooperate with the keyway on the test ring to produce an anti-torsion effect.

[0051] Step 2: Install the pin key: Perform pre-welding assembly and install the pin key at the corresponding keyway position of the rotating end and the fixed end according to the size of the simulated test ring. Install the simulated test ring into the fixed end and the rotating end base respectively to check the keyway fit.

[0052] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure, four pin keys 6 are installed on the fixed end base 2 and the rotating end base 1 using bolts.

[0053] Step 3, test ring 5 installation: Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the 4 keyways of the test ring match the 4 pin keys at the rotating end and the fixed end, and the test ring is installed to ensure that the test ring is in complete contact with the end face of the base.

[0054] Step 5: Install the rotating end cone sleeve 3:

[0055] The installation design of the elastic cone sleeve at the rotating end of the tooling in this application is to support the tightening of the reverse side of the tooling. After the welding is completed, the test ring is connected as one piece, and the elastic cone sleeve can be loosened from the reverse side of the rotating end tooling to achieve the purpose of disassembling the tooling after welding;

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, install the outer cone sleeve 3 of the rotating end into Figure 2 Rotate the base 1 at the rotating end, and then use bolts to tighten the inner cone sleeve at the rotating end from the back of the base 1 (the end away from the test ring, i.e. the rotating drive structure installation end 12), tighten the bolts to move the inner cone sleeve downward and press the external test ring.

[0057] Step 6: Install the fixed end cone sleeve 4: Similarly, install the fixed end outer cone sleeve 4 into Figure 3 Fix the end base 2, and then use bolts to tighten the inner cone sleeve from the front side of the base 2 (the end where the test ring is located), tighten the bolts to move the inner cone sleeve downward and press the external test ring.

[0058] Step 7: Install the two test rings 51 and 52 and their corresponding tooling as a whole into the inertia friction welding machine equipment, check the assembly accuracy, ensure that the test ring diameter jump and end jump accuracy meet the requirements, and then perform welding.

[0059] Step 8: After welding is completed, remove the tooling;

[0060] Because the two test rings have been welded together when the experiment is completed, loosen the bolts that fasten the rotating end cone sleeve from the back of the rotating end base 1 away from the test ring, remove the clamping force of the elastic cone sleeve on the test ring, and remove the rotating end tooling; then loosen the bolts that fasten the fixed end cone sleeve from the front of the fixed end base 2 (the end where the test ring is located), remove the clamping force of the elastic cone sleeve on the test ring, remove the fixed end tooling, and complete the entire welding step.

[0061] After the inertia friction welding is completed, the test ring is easy to disassemble, the pin key is not deformed, the contact surface between the cone sleeve and the test ring is free of scratches, the tooling size accuracy is consistent with that before welding, and can be reused.

[0062] This application designs a tooling for inertia friction welding simulation test rings, which can cover simulation test rings of various specifications. The base and the test ring are connected by wear-resistant alloy pins to achieve torsion resistance. While ensuring high welding accuracy, the welding upsetting force and torque are transmitted, ultimately achieving the goal of effectively utilizing alloy materials and obtaining welding test data. The test ring is easy to assemble and disassemble, which effectively improves work efficiency.

Claims

1. A tooling for an inertia friction welding simulation test ring, characterized in that: It includes: Base and cone sleeve; The base comprises: a base body, and two ends of the base body are respectively a test ring mounting end and a drive structure mounting end; The test ring installation end is provided with a test ring installation cavity; The test ring is placed in the test ring installation cavity, and the welding surface of the test ring protrudes from the seat body of the base when placed; The cone sleeve comprises: an inner ring and an outer ring, the outer wall of the inner ring is in the shape of a truncated cone with one end narrow and the other end wide; the inner cavity of the outer ring is in the shape of a truncated cone with one end narrow and the other end wide, and the inner cavity size of the outer ring is adapted to the outer wall of the inner ring, and the two are interference fit; the outer wall of the outer ring is in the shape of a cylindrical cone; the inner cavity of the inner ring is in the shape of a cylindrical cone; A locking screw hole is arranged on the ring body of the inner ring parallel to the rotation axis direction of the test ring; The inner ring is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer ring, and the outer ring is placed in the inner cavity of the test ring. When installed, the narrower end of the inner ring faces the bottom of the test ring installation cavity where it is located; The cone sleeve is installed in the test ring installation cavity through the cooperation of the locking screw hole and the bolt.

2. According to claim 1, a tool for inertia friction welding simulation test ring, characterized in that: It also includes a pin key, the size of which is adapted to the size of the pin key slot at the bottom of the test ring.

3. According to claim 2, a tool for inertia friction welding simulation test ring, characterized in that: The test ring installation cavity includes: a pin key fixing groove and a bolt hole, and the size of the pin key fixing groove is adapted to the size of the pin key on the test ring; The bolt holes are evenly distributed in the pin key fixing groove and the test ring installation cavity.

4. The tooling for inertia friction welding simulation test ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base includes: a rotating end base and a fixed end base, the rotating end of the test ring is installed in the test ring installation cavity of the rotating end base, and the welding surface of the rotating end protrudes from the rotating end base during installation; the sliding end of the test ring is installed in the test ring installation cavity of the fixed end base, and the welding surface of the sliding end protrudes from the fixed end base during installation.

5. The tooling for inertia friction welding simulation test ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The types of the cone sleeve include inner cone sleeve and outer cone sleeve; The outer circumference diameter of the outer ring in the inner cone sleeve is adapted to the inner cavity diameter of the test ring; The inner cavity diameter of the inner ring in the external cone sleeve is adapted to the outer circumference diameter of the test ring, and the size of the outer ring is adapted to the inner diameter of the test ring installation cavity.

6. The tooling for inertia friction welding simulation test ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cone sleeve comprises: a rotating end cone sleeve and a fixed end cone sleeve. The size of the rotating end cone sleeve is adapted to the rotating end of the test ring, and the size of the fixed end cone sleeve is adapted to the sliding end of the test ring.

7. The tooling for inertia friction welding simulation test ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cone sleeve further comprises a cone sleeve contraction seam, one end of which is open, and the cone sleeve contraction seam passes through the cone sleeve in the thickness direction, and the length of the cone sleeve contraction seam is less than the width of the half ring where the cone sleeve is located; The cone sleeve contraction seams are evenly arranged on the outer ring and the inner ring along the radial direction; among the cone sleeve contraction seams on the same device, the opening ends of two adjacent cone sleeve contraction seams are in different directions.

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