Air module for fuel cell system, fuel cell system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air module of a fuel cell system, a fuel cell system and a vehicle, which are used for purging a battery stack shell, and relate to the field of fuel cell systems. The air module of the fuel cell system comprises: an air compressor, an intercooler, a purge air intake pipeline, and a return pipeline. The air compressor is connected to the intercooler, and the air compressor has an air intake pipeline. The purge air intake pipeline is connected between the intercooler and the battery stack shell, and the return pipeline is connected between the battery stack shell and the air compressor. The cross-sectional area of ​​the return pipeline is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the air intake pipeline. According to the air module of the embodiment of the present application, by setting the return pipeline, the air compressor can convey air to the battery stack shell while also extracting part of the gas in the battery stack shell, thereby increasing the flow rate of the gas in the battery stack shell, increasing the rate at which air enters the battery stack shell, increasing the amount of air entering the battery stack shell, and quickly reducing the hydrogen concentration in the battery stack shell, thereby increasing the startup speed of the fuel cell system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of fuel cell systems, in particular to an air module of a fuel cell system, a fuel cell system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, due to the leakage of the fuel cell stack or other environmental factors, the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell will increase after the fuel cell system is shut down and left idle for a period of time. When the fuel cell system is started, it is detected that the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell exceeds the preset value, and the fuel cell system enters the purge mode. When the existing fuel cell system is in the purge mode, the gas in the stack shell flows slowly, and the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell decreases slowly, which increases the startup time of the fuel cell system. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one purpose of the utility model is to provide an air module for a fuel cell system, which can quickly reduce the hydrogen concentration in the stack housing and improve the startup speed of the fuel cell system.

[0004] The utility model further proposes a fuel cell system using the air module.

[0005] The utility model further proposes a vehicle using the fuel cell system.

[0006] According to the air module of the fuel cell system of the first aspect embodiment of the utility model, it is used to purge the stack shell, and the air module includes: an air compressor, an intercooler, a purge air intake pipe and a return pipe. The air compressor is connected to the intercooler, and the air compressor has an air intake pipe. The purge air intake pipe is suitable for being connected between the intercooler and the stack shell, and the return pipe is connected between the stack shell and the air compressor. The cross-sectional area of ​​the return pipe is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the intake pipe.

[0007] According to the air module of the fuel cell system of the embodiment of the present application, when the fuel cell system detects that the hydrogen concentration in the battery stack shell exceeds the preset value, the fuel cell system enters the purge mode, the air compressor works, and the gas in the battery stack shell can enter the air compressor through the return line, thereby reducing the pressure of the gas in the battery stack shell, increasing the flow rate of the gas in the battery stack shell, increasing the amount of air entering the battery stack shell, and quickly reducing the hydrogen concentration in the battery stack shell. By setting the return line, the air compressor can deliver air to the battery stack shell while also extracting part of the gas in the battery stack shell, increasing the flow rate of the gas in the battery stack shell, increasing the rate at which air enters the battery stack shell, increasing the amount of air entering the battery stack shell, and quickly reducing the hydrogen concentration in the battery stack shell, thereby increasing the startup speed of the fuel cell system.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sections of the return pipeline and the intake pipeline are both circular, and the diameter of the return pipeline is R1, and the diameter of the intake pipeline is R2, satisfying the relationship: R2 / 100≤R1≤R2 / 5.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the air module further includes: a first control valve, which is arranged in the return pipeline.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the air module further includes: a purge air outlet pipeline, and the purge air outlet pipeline is connected between the fuel cell stack shell and the tail exhaust port.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the air module further includes: a one-way valve, which is arranged in the purge air outlet pipeline, and the one-way valve is constructed to conduct unidirectionally from the fuel cell stack housing to the tail exhaust port.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the air module further includes: an air filter, and the air filter is connected to the air intake pipeline.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the air module also includes: a humidifier, a first pipeline and a second control valve, the fuel cell stack is suitable for being arranged in the stack housing, the humidifier is suitable for being connected between the intercooler and the air inlet of the fuel cell stack, the first pipeline is suitable for being connected between the air outlet and the tail exhaust port of the fuel cell stack, and the second control valve is arranged in the first pipeline; and / or, the air module also includes: a bypass pipeline, the bypass pipeline is connected between the intercooler and the tail exhaust port, and the bypass pipeline is provided with a fifth control valve.

[0014] The fuel cell system according to the second embodiment of the utility model includes: the air module of the fuel cell system described in the above embodiment.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the fuel cell system also includes: a hydrogen supply device, which is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack through a second pipeline, the second pipeline is provided with a third control valve, and the hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack is connected to the tail exhaust port through a third pipeline, and the third pipeline is provided with a fourth control valve.

[0016] The vehicle according to the embodiment of the third aspect of the utility model includes: the fuel cell system described in the above embodiment.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the architecture of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Reference numerals:

[0021] Air module 1, air compressor 11, intercooler 12, purge air intake pipe 13,

[0022] The stack housing 14, the fuel cell stack 141,

[0023] Return pipeline 15, first control valve 151, purge air pipeline 16, check valve 161, tail outlet 17, air filter 18, humidifier 19,

[0024] The first pipeline 21 , the second control valve 211 , the hydrogen supply device 22 , the second pipeline 23 , the third control valve 231 , the third pipeline 24 , the fourth control valve 241 , the bypass pipeline 25 , the fifth control valve 251 , and the intake pipeline 26 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0026] Reference below Figure 1 A fuel cell system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described. The fuel cell system 1 may be applied to a vehicle.

[0027] According to the air module 1 of the fuel cell system of the first embodiment of the utility model, Figure 1 As shown, the air module 1 is used to purge the stack shell 14, and includes: an air compressor 11, an intercooler 12, a purge air intake pipe 13 and a return pipe 15. The air compressor 11 is connected to the intercooler 12, and the air compressor 11 has an air intake pipe 26. The purge air intake pipe 13 is suitable for being connected between the intercooler 12 and the stack shell 14, and the return pipe 15 is connected between the stack shell 14 and the air compressor 11. The cross-sectional area of ​​the return pipe 15 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the air intake pipe 26.

[0028] It should be noted that in the related art, due to the influence of leakage of the fuel cell stack or other environmental factors, the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell will increase after the fuel cell system is shut down and left to stand for a period of time. When the fuel cell system is started, it is detected that the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell exceeds the preset value, and the fuel cell system enters the purge mode. When the existing fuel cell system is in the purge mode, the gas in the stack shell flows slowly, and the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell decreases slowly, which increases the startup time of the fuel cell system.

[0029] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application proposes an air module 1 of a fuel cell system, the air module 1 can purge the stack shell 14, so as to reduce the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 14, the air module 1 may include: an air compressor 11, an intercooler 12, a purge air intake line 13 and a return line 15, the air compressor 11 can compress air to increase the intake volume, the air compressor 11 is connected to the intercooler 12, and the air compressor 11 has an intake line 26, the air can enter the air compressor 11 through the intake line 26, the air temperature rises after being compressed, and the heated compressed air can be cooled in the intercooler 12, so that the air entering the stack shell 14 and the fuel cell stack 141 is maintained within a suitable temperature range. The purge air intake line 13 can be connected between the intercooler 12 and the stack shell 14, the stack shell 14 defines an installation space, and the fuel cell stack 141 is arranged in the installation space.

[0030] After the fuel cell system is shut down and left idle for a period of time, the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 14 may exceed a preset value. The fuel cell system has a purge mode. When the fuel cell system detects that the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 14 exceeds the preset value, the fuel cell system runs the purge mode. The fuel cell system in the purge mode can reduce the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 14 by purging the gas in the stack shell 14. Air can enter the stack shell 14 through the purge intake line 13. Air can enter the stack shell 14 for purging, thereby reducing the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 14.

[0031] A return line 15 is also provided between the stack shell 14 and the air compressor 11. A first control valve 151 may be provided on the return line 15. The first control valve 151 may control the connection and disconnection of the return line 15. When the fuel cell system detects that the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 14 exceeds a preset value, the first control valve 151 opens, the return line 15 is connected, the fuel cell system enters the purge mode, and the air compressor 11 works. The air compressor 11 extracts gas from the outside and the stack shell 14. The gas in the stack shell 14 can enter the air compressor 11 through the return line 15, thereby reducing the pressure of the gas in the stack shell 14, increasing the flow rate of the gas in the stack shell 14, increasing the amount of air entering the stack shell 14, and quickly reducing the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 14.

[0032] When the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 14 is lower than the preset value, the first control valve 151 is closed, the return line 15 is disconnected, the purge mode of the fuel cell system is closed, and the fuel cell system operates normally. By setting the return line 15, the air compressor 11 can deliver air to the stack shell 14 while also extracting part of the gas in the stack shell 14, thereby increasing the flow rate of the gas in the stack shell 14, increasing the rate at which air enters the stack shell 14, and increasing the amount of air entering the stack shell 14, which is conducive to quickly reducing the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 14, thereby facilitating the start-up speed of the fuel cell system.

[0033] In addition, the cross-sectional area of ​​the return pipe 15 is smaller than that of the intake pipe 26. The gas in the return pipe 15 and the air in the intake pipe 26 can be introduced into the stack shell 14 through the air compressor 11. This arrangement can make the gas flow rate in the return pipe 15 lower than the air flow rate in the intake pipe 26, thereby diluting the hydrogen concentration in the air introduced into the stack shell 14 through the air compressor 11, thereby ensuring the working efficiency of the purge mode of the fuel cell system.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sections of the return line 15 and the intake line 26 are both circular, and the diameter of the return line 15 is R1, and the diameter of the intake line 26 is R2, satisfying the relationship: R2 / 100≤R1≤R2 / 5.

[0035] The cross-sections of the return line 15 and the intake line 26 are both circular, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the return line 15 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the intake line 26 of the air compressor 11. The diameter of the return line 15 is R1, and the diameter of the intake line 26 is R2. For example, the diameter of the return line 15 can be R2 / 100, R2 / 50, R2 / 10, or R2 / 5. The diameter R1 of the return line 15 can be in the range of R2 / 100-R2 / 5. Any value including the endpoint value is the diameter value of the return line 15 that can be selected in the utility model. If the diameter R1 of the return line 15 is less than R2 / 100, it affects the flow rate of the gas in the return line 15, affects the speed at which the air compressor 11 extracts the gas in the stack housing 14, further affects the amount of air added to the stack housing 14, and affects the efficiency of the fuel cell system in reducing the hydrogen concentration in the stack housing 14 (i.e., affects the purge efficiency). If the diameter R1 of the return line 15 is greater than R2 / 5, the gas flow in the return line 15 is too large, too much gas enters the air compressor 11 through the return line 15, and too much hydrogen enters the stack housing 14 again, affecting the purge effect of the fuel cell system and the rate of decrease of the hydrogen concentration in the stack housing 14. Therefore, when the diameter R1 of the return line 15 is within the range of R2 / 100 to R2 / 5, the amount of hydrogen entering the stack housing 14 again can be reduced while ensuring the gas flow rate in the return line 15, so as to increase the rate of decreasing the hydrogen concentration in the stack housing 14 by extracting the gas in the stack housing 14.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the air module 1 may further include: a first control valve 151 , and the first control valve 151 is disposed in the return pipeline 15 .

[0037] The first control valve 151 is provided in the return line 15. The first control valve 151 can control the connection and disconnection of the return line 15. When the fuel cell system detects that the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 14 exceeds the preset value, the first control valve 151 is opened, the return line 15 is connected, the fuel cell system enters the purge mode, the air compressor 11 works, and the air compressor 11 extracts the gas in the stack shell 14. The gas in the stack shell 14 can enter the air compressor 11 through the return line 15, thereby reducing the pressure of the gas in the stack shell 14, increasing the flow rate of the gas in the stack shell 14, and increasing the amount of air entering the stack shell 14, which is conducive to quickly reducing the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 14. When the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 14 is lower than the preset value, the first control valve 151 is closed, the return line 15 is disconnected, the purge mode of the fuel cell system is closed, and the fuel cell system operates normally. By setting the first control valve 151 to achieve the connection and disconnection of the return line 15, the return line 15 can be controlled to connect the stack shell 14 and the air compressor 11 when the fuel cell system is in the purge mode, and the stack shell 14 and the air compressor 11 can be controlled to be disconnected when the fuel cell system is in the non-purge mode, thereby avoiding the setting of the return line 15 affecting the other working modes of the fuel cell system.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the air module 1 may further include: a purge air outlet pipeline 16 , and the purge air outlet pipeline 16 is connected between the stack housing 14 and the tail exhaust port 17 .

[0039] The air module 1 may also include a purge outlet pipeline 16. When the fuel cell system is in the purge mode, the air is compressed in the air compressor 11, cooled by the intercooler 12, and finally enters the stack shell 14 through the purge inlet pipeline 13. The air is purged in the stack shell 14. A part of the gas in the stack shell 14 returns to the air inlet end of the air compressor 11 through the reflux pipeline 15, and the other part is discharged from the fuel cell system through the purge outlet pipeline 16. The purge outlet pipeline 16 is connected between the stack shell 14 and the tail exhaust port 17. The gas in the stack shell 14 enters the purge outlet pipeline 16 and is discharged from the fuel cell system through the tail exhaust port 17, thereby realizing the discharge of the gas in the stack shell 14.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the air module 1 may further include: a one-way valve 161 , which is disposed in the purge air outlet pipeline 16 , and is constructed to conduct unidirectionally from the stack housing 14 to the tail exhaust port 17 .

[0041] The air module 1 may further include a one-way valve 161, which is disposed on the purge outlet pipeline 16. The purge outlet pipeline 16 is connected between the stack housing 14 and the tail outlet 17. The gas in the stack housing 14 can be discharged from the fuel cell system through the purge outlet pipeline 16 and the tail outlet 17. The one-way valve 161 is constructed to be unidirectional from the stack housing 14 to the tail outlet 17, so that the gas cannot enter the stack housing 14 or the air compressor 11 from the tail outlet 17 and the purge outlet pipeline 16, thereby reducing the probability of gas reflux in the purge outlet pipeline 16 when the air compressor 11 extracts gas from the stack housing 14, thereby improving the safety of the fuel cell system.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the air module 1 also includes: an air filter 18, and the air filter 18 is connected to the air intake pipe 26. The air filter 18 can filter the air, and the filtered air enters the air compressor 11 through the air intake pipe 26, and enters the stack housing 14 or the fuel cell stack 141. By providing the air filter 18, the air entering the air compressor 11 can be filtered, so that the air entering the stack housing 14 or the fuel cell stack 141 meets the use requirements, and the service life of the fuel cell system can be extended.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the air module 1 may further include: a humidifier 19, a first pipeline 21 and a second control valve 211, the fuel cell stack 141 is suitable for being arranged in the stack housing 14, the humidifier 19 is suitable for being connected between the intercooler 12 and the air inlet of the fuel cell stack 141, the first pipeline 21 is suitable for being connected between the air outlet of the fuel cell stack 141 and the tail exhaust port 17, and the second control valve 211 is arranged on the first pipeline 21; and / or, the air module 1 may further include: a bypass pipeline 25, the bypass pipeline 25 is connected between the intercooler 12 and the tail exhaust port 17, and the bypass pipeline 25 is provided with a fifth control valve 251.

[0044] The air module 1 may also include a humidifier 19, a first pipeline 21, and a second control valve 211. The fuel cell stack 141 is disposed in the stack housing 14. The stack housing 14 forms an installation space, and the fuel cell stack 141 is disposed in the installation space. The humidifier 19 may be connected between the intercooler 12 and the air inlet of the fuel cell stack 141. When the fuel cell system operates normally, the air compressed by the air compressor 11 enters the fuel cell stack 141 through the intercooler 12 and the humidifier 19 in sequence. The humidifier 19 can adjust the humidity of the air passing through it to meet the working requirements of the fuel cell stack 141. The air undergoes an electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell stack 141. The water vapor generated in the fuel cell stack 141 and the unreacted air can be discharged through the air outlet of the fuel cell stack 141. The air outlet of the fuel cell stack 141 is connected to the tail outlet 17 through the first pipeline 21. The water vapor generated in the fuel cell stack 141 and the unreacted air can enter the atmosphere from the tail outlet 17 through the first pipeline 21. The first pipeline 21 is provided with a second control valve 211, and the second control valve 211 can be constructed as a back pressure valve. The back pressure difference of the fuel cell system can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the second control valve 211. By adjusting the back pressure, the stability and operating performance of the fuel cell system can be improved, and the fuel cell stack 141 can be protected from excessively high or low gas pressure. Appropriate back pressure control helps to ensure the safety of the fuel cell system and prevent gas leakage or other potential dangers.

[0045] Alternatively, the air module 1 may further include a bypass line 25, or the air module 1 may include a humidifier 19, a first line 21, a second control valve 211, and a bypass line 25. The embodiment of the present application is described by taking the air module 1 including the humidifier 19, the first line 21, the second control valve 211, and the bypass line 25 as an example. The bypass line 25 is connected between the intercooler 12 and the tail outlet 17, and the bypass line 25 is connected in parallel with the fuel cell stack 141. The bypass line 25 allows a portion of the gas to bypass the fuel cell stack 141 and flow directly from the intercooler 12 of the fuel cell system to the tail outlet 17 of the fuel cell system. The bypass line 25 is provided with a fifth control valve 251. By adjusting the opening of the fifth control valve 251, the flow rate of air in the bypass line 25 can be adjusted, and whether the bypass line 25 is conductive can be controlled. By adjusting the opening of the bypass line 25, the gas flow rate and pressure entering the fuel cell stack 141 can be controlled, and the pressure balance inside the fuel cell system can be adjusted to prevent the fuel cell stack 141 from being damaged by excessively high or low pressure. As an example, in order to quickly reduce the pressure inside the fuel cell stack 141, the fifth control valve 251 can be fully opened so that a large amount of gas is quickly discharged through the bypass line 25, thereby protecting the fuel cell stack 141 and the entire fuel cell system from being damaged by high pressure. In other cases, the fifth control valve 251 can be set to be only partially opened to control the speed of pressure release to prevent other problems caused by excessive pressure drop.

[0046] As another example, in some cases, it is necessary to first introduce hydrogen into the fuel cell stack 141 for a preset time (for example but not limited to 3s) before introducing air into the fuel cell stack 141. In this case, the fifth control valve 251 can be controlled to be fully open so that all the air compressed by the air compressor 11 flows to the tail exhaust port 17 through the bypass line 25.

[0047] The fuel cell system according to the second embodiment of the utility model includes: the air module 1 of the fuel cell system in the above embodiment.

[0048] According to the fuel cell system of the embodiment of the present application, including the air module 1 of the above embodiment, the stack shell 14 can be purged to quickly reduce the hydrogen concentration in the stack shell 14.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell system may include: a hydrogen supply device 22, which is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack 141 through a second pipeline 23, and the second pipeline 23 is provided with a third control valve 231. The hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack 141 is connected to the tail exhaust port 17 through a third pipeline 24, and the third pipeline 24 is provided with a fourth control valve 241.

[0050] The fuel cell system may further include a hydrogen supply device 22. The fuel cell stack 141 in the fuel cell system requires hydrogen for electrochemical reaction. The fuel cell system needs to input hydrogen into the fuel cell system during normal operation. The hydrogen supply device 22 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack 141 through the second pipeline 23. The hydrogen supply device 22 supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell system. The hydrogen enters the fuel cell stack 141 through the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack 141. The hydrogen reacts electrochemically with the air in the fuel cell stack 141. The second pipeline 23 is provided with a third control valve 231. The third control valve 231 can be constructed as a hydrogen proportional valve. By adjusting the opening of the third control valve 231, the amount of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack 141 can be adjusted, so that the mixing ratio of hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack 141 can be adjusted. Different proportions of hydrogen can be input according to different working conditions. Adjusting the hydrogen ratio can improve the responsiveness of the fuel cell system and quickly adapt to load changes.

[0051] The hydrogen in the fuel cell stack 141 that has not undergone an electrochemical reaction is discharged from the hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack 141. The hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack 141 is connected to the tail exhaust port 17 through the third pipeline 24. The hydrogen in which no electrochemical reaction has occurred is discharged into the atmosphere from the tail exhaust port 17 through the third pipeline 24. The third pipeline 24 is provided with a fourth control valve 241. The fourth control valve 241 can be constructed as a hydrogen exhaust valve. The amount of hydrogen discharged from the fuel cell system can be controlled by adjusting the opening of the fourth control valve 241. By controlling the amount of hydrogen discharged, the utilization rate of hydrogen can be improved, waste can be reduced, and the energy utilization rate of the entire fuel cell system can be improved.

[0052] A vehicle according to an embodiment of the third aspect of the utility model includes: the fuel cell system in the above embodiment.

[0053] The vehicle according to the embodiment of the present application includes the fuel cell system of the above embodiment, which can achieve rapid startup of the fuel cell system and improve the working efficiency of the vehicle.

[0054] The air module 1 of the fuel cell system according to the embodiment of the utility model, other structures and operations of the fuel cell system and the vehicle are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0055] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0056] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An air module (1) for a fuel cell system, characterized in that: Used to purge a fuel cell stack casing (14), the air module (1) comprises: An air compressor (11) and an intercooler (12), wherein the air compressor (11) is connected to the intercooler (12), and the air compressor (11) has an air intake pipeline (26); A purge air intake pipeline (13), wherein the purge air intake pipeline (13) is suitable for being connected between the intercooler (12) and the stack housing (14); A return pipeline (15), the return pipeline (15) being connected between the fuel cell stack housing (14) and the air compressor (11), the cross-sectional area of ​​the return pipeline (15) being smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the intake pipeline (26).

2. The air module (1) of the fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the return pipeline (15) and the intake pipeline (26) are both circular, the diameter of the return pipeline (15) is R1, and the diameter of the intake pipeline (26) is R2, satisfying the relationship: R2 / 100≤R1≤R2 / 5.

3. The air module (1) of the fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A first control valve (151), wherein the first control valve (151) is arranged in the return pipeline (15).

4. The air module (1) of the fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A purge gas outlet pipeline (16) is connected between the stack casing (14) and a tail exhaust port (17).

5. The air module (1) of the fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: A one-way valve (161), the one-way valve (161) being arranged on the purge outlet pipeline (16), and the one-way valve (161) being constructed to conduct one-way from the stack housing (14) to the tail outlet (17).

6. The air module (1) of the fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An air filter (18), wherein the air filter (18) is connected to the air intake pipeline (26).

7. The air module (1) of the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Also includes: A humidifier (19), a first pipeline (21) and a second control valve (211), wherein the fuel cell stack (141) is adapted to be arranged in the stack housing (14), the humidifier (19) is adapted to be connected between the intercooler (12) and the air inlet of the fuel cell stack (141), the first pipeline (21) is adapted to be connected between the air outlet of the fuel cell stack (141) and the tail exhaust port (17), and the second control valve (211) is arranged in the first pipeline (21); And / or, it also includes: a bypass pipeline (25), the bypass pipeline (25) is connected between the intercooler (12) and the tail exhaust port (17), and the bypass pipeline (25) is provided with a fifth control valve (251).

8. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: An air module (1) comprising a fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The fuel cell system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: A hydrogen supply device (22), the hydrogen supply device (22) being connected to a hydrogen inlet of a fuel cell stack (141) via a second pipeline (23), the second pipeline (23) being provided with a third control valve (231), the hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack (141) being connected to a tail outlet (17) via a third pipeline (24), the third pipeline (24) being provided with a fourth control valve (241).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The fuel cell system according to claim 8 or 9 is applied to the vehicle.

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