Disc centrifuge capable of automatically discharging slag

Abstract

An automatic deslagging disc type centrifugal machine comprises a shell, a rotary drum mandrel, a rotary drum, a driving mechanism, a disc and a brake mechanism. The rotary drum mandrel is rotationally connected with the shell, the rotary drum is coaxially installed on the outer side of the rotary drum mandrel, a separation space is reserved between the rotary drum mandrel and the rotary drum, the disc is located in the separation space, and the separation space is connected with a valve opening; the driving mechanism is used for driving the rotary drum mandrel to rotate, and the rotary drum is in threaded connection with the rotary drum mandrel, so that the rotary drum slides along the axis when the rotary drum and the rotary drum mandrel rotate relatively, and the valve opening is opened or closed; the brake mechanism corresponds to the rotary drum and is used for preventing the rotary drum from rotating. The brake mechanism is matched with the positive and negative rotation of the rotary drum mandrel, so that the rotary drum can move up and down, the valve opening is further controlled to be opened and closed, the cost is low, the control is simple and convenient, and the brake device can be used in a small-sized disc centrifugal machine and belongs to the technical field of solid-liquid separation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of solid-liquid separation, in particular to an automatic slag-discharging disc centrifuge. Background Art

[0002] Disc centrifuge is also called disc centrifuge or disc separator. It is a kind of vertical centrifuge. There are many types and specifications of disc centrifuge, but in terms of the essence of its separation process, it can basically be divided into two processes: centrifugal clarification and centrifugal separation. Centrifugal clarification is simply the sharing of solids and liquids, and centrifugal separation is the separation of liquid-liquid-solid three-phases. Disc centrifuge is mainly suitable for the separation and clarification of materials with solid content less than 5% and solid phase particle diameter greater than 0.5 microns.

[0003] The disc centrifuge can quickly and continuously separate solid-liquid and liquid-liquid. The drum core shaft is installed at the upper end of the vertical shaft and is driven by an electric motor through a transmission device to rotate at high speed. There is a group of disc-shaped parts that overlap each other in the drum core shaft, namely discs. There is a small gap between the discs. The material enters the drum core shaft through the feed pipe located at the center of the drum core shaft. When the material flows through the gap between the discs, the solid particles settle on the discs under the action of the centrifuge to form sediment. The sediment slides along the surface of the disc and detaches from the disc and accumulates at the part with the largest diameter in the drum core shaft. The separated liquid is discharged from the drum core shaft from the liquid outlet. The role of the disc is to shorten the sedimentation distance of the solid particles and expand the sedimentation area of ​​the drum core shaft. The role of the disc greatly improves the efficiency of the separator. The solids accumulated in the drum core shaft are manually removed by disassembling the drum core shaft after the separator is stopped, or discharged from the drum core shaft without stopping the machine through the slag discharge mechanism.

[0004] There are three common ways to discharge slag from a disc centrifuge: manual discharge, nozzle discharge, and valve discharge. Manual discharge requires stopping the centrifuge, disassembling the centrifuge in whole or in part, and cleaning the internal components. The nozzle of a nozzle discharge disc centrifuge is always open, with a small opening, so it will continuously spray out residues, and at the same time, more liquid will be discharged, and the liquid content of the sediment is higher. The valve of a valve discharge centrifuge is usually closed, but can be opened automatically under certain conditions. The hydraulic system usually senses the internal pressure of the centrifuge to open and close the valve, but due to its complex structure and control, it is costly and is generally only used in large centrifuges. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a disc centrifuge with automatic slag discharge, which can conveniently open or close a valve to discharge slag and has low cost.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: an automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge, including a shell, a drum core shaft, a drum, a driving mechanism, a disc and a brake mechanism; the drum core shaft is rotatably connected to the shell, the drum is coaxially installed on the outside of the drum core shaft, a separation space is left between the drum core shaft and the drum, the disc is located in the separation space, and the separation space is connected to a valve door; the driving mechanism is used to drive the drum core shaft to rotate, and the drum is threadedly connected to the drum core shaft, so that when the drum and the drum core shaft rotate relative to each other, the drum slides along the axis to open or close the valve door; the brake mechanism is arranged corresponding to the drum and is used to prevent the drum from rotating.

[0007] After adopting this structure, the driving mechanism drives the drum mandrel to rotate, and the brake mechanism can lock or release the drum. When the brake mechanism releases the drum, the drum rotates synchronously with the drum mandrel. Under the action of centrifugal force, the separation of materials in the separation space can be achieved. When the brake mechanism locks the drum, the drum does not rotate with the drum mandrel. Since the drum is threadedly connected to the drum mandrel and the drum can move up and down, the relative rotation between the two can be converted into relative linear sliding. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the drum mandrel, the up and down movement of the drum can be achieved, and then the opening and closing of the valve door can be controlled. It is low in cost and easy to control, and can be used in small disc centrifuges.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the brake mechanism is slidably connected to the shell and the sliding direction is parallel to the axis of the drum. The brake mechanism includes a brake pad assembly and an electromagnet. The electromagnet is used to control the brake pad assembly to lock or release the drum.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the brake pad assembly includes an elastic open ring, which surrounds the outer side of the drum, and the two ends of the open ring are respectively connected to a static brake pad and an armature, the static brake pad and the armature are arranged opposite to each other, and the electromagnet is located on the side of the static brake pad away from the armature.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, a retaining ring is fixedly provided on the outer side of the drum core shaft, and the retaining ring is used to limit the sliding distance of the drum.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, it further comprises a return spring, which is arranged between the retaining ring and the drum.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the axis of the drum core shaft is vertical, the valve door is a notch opened on the outside of the drum core shaft, the notch is located below the separation space and connected to the separation space, the bottom end of the drum blocks the outside of the notch, and when the drum slides upward, the notch is exposed.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the lower surface of the drum core shaft is fixedly connected to a rubber ring fixing disk, the outer diameter of the rubber ring fixing disk is larger than the outer diameter of the lower end of the drum core shaft, the upper surface of the rubber ring fixing disk is provided with a circular mounting groove, a sealing rubber ring is installed in the mounting groove, and the lower end of the drum is against the sealing rubber ring.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a motor bracket, a suspension rod and a motor that can rotate forward and reverse. The bottom end of the shell is connected to the base, the motor is mounted on the motor bracket and located in the base, the motor bracket is connected to the base through the suspension rod, and a shock-absorbing spring is mounted on the suspension rod.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the shell is sleeved on the outside of the drum, a feed port is provided at the top of the shell, a feed channel and a branch channel are provided in the core shaft of the drum, and the feed port is connected to the separation space through the feed channel and the branch channel;

[0016] An inner clear liquid outlet is arranged at the upper part of the drum, and an outer clear liquid outlet and a slag discharge outlet are arranged at the shell. The position of the outer clear liquid outlet corresponds to that of the inner clear liquid outlet, and the position of the slag discharge outlet corresponds to that of the valve door.

[0017] A control method for an automatic slag-discharging disc centrifuge, comprising a separation process, a valve opening process and a slag-discharging process;

[0018] Separation process: the material to be separated enters the separation space, and the driving mechanism drives the drum core shaft and the drum to rotate synchronously in the positive direction. When the material flows through the gap between the discs, the solid particles settle on the discs under the action of centrifugal force to form sediment. The sediment slides along the surface of the disc, separates from the disc and accumulates in the lower part of the separation space in the drum core shaft, and the clarified liquid is discharged from the upper part;

[0019] Valve opening process: After the separation process lasts for a period of time, the driving mechanism stops, and then drives the drum mandrel to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, the brake mechanism stops the drum from rotating, causing the drum to slide upward, so that the valve door opens;

[0020] Slag discharge process: After the valve door is opened, the brake mechanism is released, and the driving mechanism drives the drum core shaft to rotate in the opposite direction for centrifugal slag discharge. After the slag discharge is completed, the driving mechanism stops, and then drives the drum core shaft to rotate forward. At the same time, the brake mechanism prevents the drum from rotating, so that the drum moves down to close the valve door.

[0021] In general, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0022] (1) On the small disc centrifuge, a threaded switch valve door slag discharge method is designed, which can realize automatic intermittent slag discharge, low cost and easy control, and can be used for automatic slag discharge of small disc centrifuge.

[0023] (2) The brake mechanism is controlled by an electromagnet, which cooperates with the forward and reverse rotation of the main motor to realize the opening and closing of the valve. It is simple, reliable and durable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of an automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge.

[0025] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge.

[0026] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the slag discharge principle of an automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge.

[0027] Figure 4 This is the working principle diagram of the brake mechanism.

[0028] Figure 5 A perspective view of a brake pad assembly.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the drum mandrel.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the rotating drum.

[0031] Among them, 1 is a base, 2 is a motor, 3 is a motor bracket, 4 is a slag discharge port, 5 is a disc, 6 is a disc cover, 7 is a shell, 8 is an external clear liquid outlet, 9 is a connecting plate, 10 is a water inlet plate, 11 is a feed port, 12 is a retaining ring, 13 is a reset spring, 14 is a threaded through hole, 15 is a brake pad assembly, 16 is an electromagnet, 17 is a sealing retaining ring, 18 is a disc clamping nut, 19 is an internal clear liquid outlet, 20 is a rotating drum, 21 is a diverter channel, 22 is a valve door, 23 is a valve guide cylinder, 24 is a sealing rubber ring, 25 is a rubber ring fixing plate, 26 is a suspension rod, 27 is a shock-absorbing spring, 28 is a suspension rod nut, 29 is a sediment accumulation area, 30 is a rotating drum core shaft, and 31 is an armature. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0033] like Figure 1 to Figure 7 As shown, an automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge includes a shell, a drum core shaft, a drum, a driving mechanism, a disc and a brake mechanism; the drum core shaft is rotatably connected to the shell, the drum is coaxially installed on the outside of the drum core shaft, a separation space is reserved between the drum core shaft and the drum, the disc is located in the separation space, and the separation space is connected to a valve door; the driving mechanism is used to drive the drum core shaft to rotate, and the drum is threadedly connected to the drum core shaft, so that when the drum and the drum core shaft rotate relative to each other, the drum slides along the axis to open or close the valve door; the brake mechanism is arranged corresponding to the drum and is used to prevent the drum from rotating.

[0034] The drum core shaft can only rotate and cannot slide relative to the shell, while the drum can rotate and slide relative to the shell. Since the drum is threadedly connected to the drum core shaft, when the driving mechanism drives the drum core shaft to rotate and the brake mechanism prevents the drum from rotating, relative rotation occurs between the drum and the drum core shaft, causing the drum to slide up and down, thereby controlling the valve door to open or close.

[0035] In some embodiments, there are multiple discs stacked in the separation space, a disc cover is provided above the multiple discs, and a disc clamping nut is fixedly sleeved on the core shaft of the drum.

[0036] In some embodiments, the brake mechanism is slidably connected to the housing and the sliding direction is parallel to the axis of the drum, the brake mechanism includes a brake pad assembly and an electromagnet, and the electromagnet is used to control the brake pad assembly to lock or release the drum. The slidable distance of the brake mechanism is greater than the height of the valve door.

[0037] In some embodiments, the brake pad assembly includes an elastic open ring that surrounds the outside of the drum. The two ends of the open ring are respectively connected to a static brake pad and an armature. The static brake pad and the armature are arranged opposite to each other, and the electromagnet is located on the side of the static brake pad away from the armature.

[0038] The electromagnet is close to the side of the static brake pad away from the armature. When power is turned on, the armature is attracted to the static brake pad through the magnetic field, so that the open ring contracts and locks the drum, preventing the drum from rotating and achieving braking.

[0039] In some embodiments, a retaining ring is fixedly provided on the outer side of the drum core shaft, and the retaining ring is used to limit the sliding distance of the drum. The retaining ring is located in the upper area of ​​the drum, so that when the drum slides upward for a certain distance to fully open the valve door, the drum is blocked by the retaining ring and cannot continue to move upward.

[0040] In some embodiments, a return spring is further included, and the return spring is arranged between the retaining ring and the drum. The return spring generates a downward elastic force on the drum, so that when the drum needs to move downward to close the valve, the return spring can help the drum to move downward and return to its original position better.

[0041] A threaded through hole is opened at the upper end of the drum, and the drum core shaft is threadedly connected to the drum through the threaded through hole, and the upper end of the drum core shaft extends out of the threaded through hole; a retaining ring is fixedly installed on the upper end of the drum core shaft, and the retaining ring is used to prevent the spiral spring from moving upward, and at the same time limit the position of the drum to prevent the drum from separating from the drum core shaft when moving upward; the return spring is a spiral spring, and washers are provided on the upper and lower parts to reduce the friction force of the return spring relative to the circumferential movement when the drum moves upward; the upper end of the return spring contacts the retaining ring, and the lower end contacts the upper end surface of the drum.

[0042] When the drum moves upward, the return spring mainly produces a certain elastic deformation in the axial direction, and also produces a certain relative sliding in the circumferential direction. The gaskets at both ends of the return spring can reduce the resistance of relative sliding in the circumferential direction. This can ensure the smoothness of the relative movement between the drum core shaft and the drum.

[0043] In some embodiments, the axis of the drum core shaft is vertical, the valve door is a notch opened on the outside of the drum core shaft, the notch is located below the separation space and connected to the separation space, the bottom end of the drum blocks the outside of the notch, and when the drum slides upward, the notch is exposed.

[0044] The bottom end of the drum mandrel is a disc-shaped structure, and the outer side of the disc-shaped structure is a valve guide cylinder, which cooperates with the inner side of the bottom end of the drum. A notch is opened on the outer side of the disc-shaped structure, the notch faces outward and upward, and the number of notches is multiple and evenly arranged in a ring shape.

[0045] In some embodiments, a rubber ring fixing disk is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the drum mandrel, the outer diameter of the rubber ring fixing disk is larger than the outer diameter of the lower end of the drum mandrel, and a circular mounting groove is provided on the upper surface of the rubber ring fixing disk, a sealing rubber ring is installed in the mounting groove, and the lower end of the drum abuts against the sealing rubber ring. The rubber ring fixing disk is fixedly connected to the disc-shaped structure by bolts. During the solid-liquid separation process, the lower end of the drum always abuts against the sealing ring, so that the lower part of the separation space is closed, and the sediment accumulates in the sediment accumulation area with a larger diameter at the lower part. At regular intervals, when the sediment accumulates more, the valve door is opened to discharge the sediment.

[0046] In some embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a motor bracket, a suspension rod, and a motor that can rotate forward and reverse, the bottom end of the housing is connected to a base, the motor is mounted on the motor bracket and located in the base, the motor bracket is connected to the base through a suspension rod, a shock absorbing spring is sleeved on the suspension rod, and the suspension rod is locked in the base through a suspension rod nut.

[0047] In some embodiments, the shell is sleeved on the outside of the drum, a feed port is provided at the top of the shell, a feed channel and a branch channel are provided in the core shaft of the drum, and the feed port is connected to the separation space through the feed channel and the branch channel; an inner clear liquid outlet is provided on the upper part of the drum, and an outer clear liquid outlet and a slag discharge port are provided on the shell, the position of the outer clear liquid outlet corresponds to the position of the inner clear liquid outlet, and the position of the slag discharge port corresponds to the position of the valve door.

[0048] The height of the outer clear liquid outlet is slightly lower than that of the inner clear liquid outlet, and the height of the slag discharge port is slightly lower than that of the valve port. A connecting plate is provided at the upper end of the shell, and a water inlet plate is provided at the upper end of the connecting plate. The feed port is opened on the water inlet plate. A sealing retaining ring is provided on the outer sleeve of the drum mandrel. The outer clear liquid outlet and the inner clear liquid outlet are connected through a clear liquid channel, and the sealing retaining ring is located above the clear liquid channel.

[0049] The embodiment of the utility model also provides a control method for an automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge, including a separation process, a valve opening process and a slag discharge process;

[0050] Separation process: the material to be separated enters the separation space, and the driving mechanism drives the drum core shaft and the drum to rotate synchronously in the positive direction. When the material flows through the gap between the discs, the solid particles settle on the discs under the action of centrifugal force to form sediment. The sediment slides along the surface of the disc, separates from the disc and accumulates in the lower part of the separation space in the drum core shaft, and the clarified liquid is discharged from the upper part;

[0051] Valve opening process: After the separation process lasts for a period of time, the driving mechanism stops, and then drives the drum mandrel to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, the brake mechanism stops the drum from rotating, causing the drum to slide upward, so that the valve door opens;

[0052] Slag discharge process: After the valve door is opened, the brake mechanism is released, and the driving mechanism drives the drum core shaft to rotate in the opposite direction for centrifugal slag discharge. After the slag discharge is completed, the driving mechanism stops, and then drives the drum core shaft to rotate forward. At the same time, the brake mechanism prevents the drum from rotating, so that the drum moves down and closes the valve door.

[0053] The above-mentioned automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge and its control method can be used for solid-liquid separation of wire cutting working fluid. The working fluid is a suspension, a solid-liquid mixture, with solid particles as a dispersed phase and liquid as a continuous phase. The particle size range of the solid particles is between 0.1μm and 3mm (there are flocculent components with larger sizes), and the solid phase concentration is less than 1%. It can also be used for the separation of other materials as needed.

[0054] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the utility model, but the implementation modes of the utility model are not limited by the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principle of the utility model should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge, characterized in that: It includes a housing, a drum spindle, a drum, a driving mechanism, a disc and a brake mechanism; The drum core shaft is rotatably connected to the housing, the drum is coaxially installed on the outer side of the drum core shaft, a separation space is reserved between the drum core shaft and the drum, the disc is located in the separation space, and the separation space is connected to a valve door; The driving mechanism is used to drive the drum mandrel to rotate. The drum is threadedly connected to the drum mandrel, so that when the drum and the drum mandrel rotate relative to each other, the drum slides along the axis to open or close the valve door. The brake mechanism is arranged corresponding to the rotating drum and is used for preventing the rotating drum from rotating.

2. An automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake mechanism is slidably connected to the housing and the sliding direction is parallel to the axis of the drum. The brake mechanism comprises a brake pad assembly and an electromagnet. The electromagnet is used to control the brake pad assembly to lock or release the drum.

3. An automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The brake pad assembly includes an elastic open ring, which surrounds the outer side of the drum. The two ends of the open ring are respectively connected to a static brake pad and an armature. The static brake pad and the armature are arranged opposite to each other, and the electromagnet is located on the side of the static brake pad away from the armature.

4. The automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: A retaining ring is fixedly provided on the outer side of the drum core shaft, and the retaining ring is used to limit the sliding distance of the drum.

5. An automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge according to claim 4, characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a return spring, which is arranged between the retaining ring and the rotating drum.

6. The automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the drum core shaft is vertical, and the valve door is a notch opened on the outside of the drum core shaft. The notch is located below the separation space and connected to the separation space. The bottom end of the drum blocks the outside of the notch. When the drum slides upward, the notch is exposed to open the valve door.

7. An automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower surface of the drum core shaft is fixedly connected with a rubber ring fixing disk, the outer diameter of the rubber ring fixing disk is larger than the lower end outer diameter of the drum core shaft, the upper surface of the rubber ring fixing disk is provided with a circular mounting groove, a sealing rubber ring is installed in the mounting groove, and the lower end of the drum is against the sealing rubber ring.

8. The automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a motor bracket, a suspension rod and a motor that can rotate forward and reverse. The bottom end of the shell is connected to a base. The motor is installed on the motor bracket and located in the base. The motor bracket is connected to the base through a suspension rod, and a shock-absorbing spring is mounted on the suspension rod.

9. The automatic slag discharge disc centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is sleeved on the outside of the drum, a feed port is arranged on the top of the shell, a feed channel and a branch channel are arranged in the core shaft of the drum, and the feed port is connected to the separation space through the feed channel and the branch channel; An inner clear liquid outlet is arranged at the upper part of the drum, and an outer clear liquid outlet and a slag discharge outlet are arranged at the shell. The position of the outer clear liquid outlet corresponds to that of the inner clear liquid outlet, and the position of the slag discharge outlet corresponds to that of the valve door.

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