Improved carrot harvester

Abstract

The utility model discloses an improved carrot harvester which comprises a horizontal support, side plates and a connecting frame, a rotating shaft is rotationally installed between the bottoms of the two side plates, a plough shovel assembly is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, and the plough shovel assembly comprises a sleeve arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft in a sleeving mode and plough shovel sets distributed along the axis of the sleeve. Each plough shovel group comprises a plurality of plough shovels which are uniformly distributed around the circumferential surface of the sleeve in the circumferential direction; a roller is rotationally mounted on the outer side of each side plate; one end part of the rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft of one roller through a gear pair; vibration transmission assemblies are fixedly installed at the shaft diameter positions of the two ends of the rotating shaft correspondingly, and the power output ends of the vibration transmission assemblies are movably connected with vibration separation assemblies rotationally installed between the ends of the two side plates. According to the carrot harvester, the mode that soil and carrots are actively excavated and thrown towards the rear side is adopted, carrot harvesting and soil crushing can be synchronously achieved, the working efficiency of carrot harvesting is greatly improved, and cost input is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an improved carrot harvester. Background Art

[0002] my country's carrot planting area is close to 40% of the world's total carrot planting area, and its total output accounts for about 1 / 3 of the world's total output. It is the world's largest carrot producer, but the degree of mechanization and automation of harvesting is low, and it is still mainly based on traditional manual harvesting, which requires a lot of manpower, is time-consuming, material-consuming, and labor-consuming. The low harvesting efficiency has become a bottleneck restricting the improvement of the planting efficiency of the carrot industry. Although there are integrated harvesters introduced from abroad that can realize digging, transportation, and root and leaf separation, due to my country's vast geographical location, complex terrain, and non-standard domestic agronomic requirements, large-scale carrot harvesting machinery introduced from abroad cannot meet domestic needs well; and the carrot harvesters independently developed in China, although they have vibration, transportation, and stem and leaf cutting functions, can improve production efficiency to a certain extent, but they have the disadvantages of complex design and unstable harvesting, and it is difficult to avoid contact and friction between the machine and the fleshy roots of carrots, causing damage to the epidermis of the fleshy roots, and cannot be used for long-term refrigerated storage.

[0003] In the technical solution previously designed by the author's team (Chinese utility model patent: CN214385116U, a carrot harvester with soil loosening function), a plurality of plowshares arranged side by side are fixedly arranged on the bottom beam. The plowshares are arrow-shaped, with a pointed front end and a small thickness, and a straight rear end and a large thickness. The plowshares are obliquely fixed on the bottom beam through a positioning sleeve; when in use, the plowshares are inserted into the soil, and when the tractor drags the harvester forward as a whole, the plowshares continuously lift the soil. Under the resistance of the soil in front, the lifted soil slides backward along the surface of the plowshare, and then passes over the top of the bottom beam and falls on the vibration separation component at the rear, thereby achieving soil crushing and separation of carrots from the soil. However, the author found in actual use that the technical effect of this technical solution still has some shortcomings: since the soil is forced to be pushed to the rear side, the bottom soil is often relatively moist and has strong adhesion, so it is easy for the soil to accumulate on the plow shovel and then be directly discharged from both sides, and cannot smoothly reach the vibration separation component at the rear side; furthermore, since the soil is forced to be pushed to the rear side and naturally slides onto the vibration separation component, the vertical drop of the soil is small, the impact and crushing effect is poor, and the separation effect of the vibration separation component cannot be fully demonstrated. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and proposes an improved carrot harvester with a simple structure. The utility model adopts a method of actively digging soil and carrots and throwing them to the rear side to facilitate subsequent soil impact crushing and separation of carrots from the soil, and can effectively crush larger soil clods without damaging the fleshy roots of carrots.

[0005] In order to achieve the above effects, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0006] An improved carrot harvester comprises a horizontal support, side plates fixedly connected to the bottoms of both sides of the horizontal support, and a connecting frame fixedly connected to the top of the horizontal support, a rotating shaft is rotatably installed between the bottoms of the two side plates, a plowshare assembly is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, the plowshare assembly comprises a sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft, and plowshare groups arranged and distributed along the axis of the sleeve, and each plowshare group comprises a plurality of plowshares uniformly distributed circumferentially around the circumferential surface of the sleeve;

[0007] A roller is rotatably mounted on the outer side of each side plate, and one end of the rotating shaft is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft of one of the rollers through a gear pair;

[0008] Vibration transmission components are fixedly installed at the shaft diameters at both ends of the rotating shaft, and the power output end of the vibration transmission component is movably connected to a vibration separation component rotatably installed between the ends of the two side plates.

[0009] Furthermore, the plow blade includes an arc-shaped connecting plate matching the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve and a blade fixedly arranged in the middle of the outer surface of the arc-shaped connecting plate. The thickness and width of the blade gradually decrease in the direction away from the arc-shaped connecting plate, and the upper surface of the blade is a concave arc surface.

[0010] Furthermore, at least one strip-shaped through groove is provided inside the scraper.

[0011] Furthermore, the vibration transmission assembly includes a cam fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, and a push rod movably connected to the inner wall of the side plate, and the inner side of the end of the push rod is rotatably connected to a roller movably embedded in the side surface of the cam.

[0012] Furthermore, cam-shaped driving grooves are symmetrically provided on both side surfaces of the cam, the roller is located in the driving groove, and the outer circumferential surface of the roller is in rolling contact with the groove wall of the driving groove.

[0013] Furthermore, a guide plate is fixedly provided on one side of the push rod, a guide groove is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the side plate, and the guide plate is slidably inserted in the guide groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the vibration separation assembly includes a rocker arm rotatably connected to the inner wall of the side plate, and a swing beam fixed between the two ends of the rocker arm. One end of the rocker arm away from the swing beam is slidably connected to the power output end of the vibration transmission assembly, and a plurality of separation rods are fixedly connected to the top of the swing beam.

[0015] Furthermore, the separation rods are evenly distributed and tilted on the swing beam, and the higher end of the separation rods is close to the sleeve and located below the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve.

[0016] Furthermore, the plowshare and the separation rods are alternately distributed in the axial direction of the sleeve, and the plowshare can pass through the gap area between two adjacent separation rods during the rotation process.

[0017] Furthermore, bearing seats are sleeved on the outer sides of the shaft ends at both ends of the rotating shaft, and the top of the bearing seat is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the horizontal bracket through a suspension rod.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0019] 1. The utility model adopts an arc-shaped plow shovel assembly that rotates continuously and advances in sequence, and adopts a method of digging from the root of the carrot together with the soil as a whole, actively lifting the soil and the carrot inside in sections and continuously and actively throwing them to the rear side, which helps the soil to fall and hit on the separation assembly, so that the soil can be fully broken, so that the carrot is separated from the soil, and the root soil of the carrot is loosened without direct contact between the fleshy roots of the carrot and the machine; the amount of mud on the surface of the carrot is small, the damage rate of the carrot skin is low, and the harvested carrots can be sold immediately or stored in a cold storage;

[0020] 2. The utility model arranges a vibration separation component at the rear of the plow shovel component, and realizes transmission through the vibration transmission component of the cam transmission structure and drives the vibration separation component to swing back and forth, so that the large pieces of soil falling on it can be actively crushed, so that the soil crushing rate is greatly improved; at the same time, in the process of soil crushing, the carrots and the soil can also be separated. The separated carrots can roll backward along the vibration separation component and spread on the surface of the soil, which is convenient for picking up the carrots;

[0021] 3. The utility model has a simple structure and is easy to use. It can simultaneously harvest carrots and crush the soil, which greatly improves the work efficiency of carrot harvesting and reduces cost investment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotating shaft and roller transmission arrangement;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the plow group;

[0028] Figure 7 The three-dimensional structural intention of the plow shovel;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the plow shovel assembly on the rotating shaft;

[0030] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vibration transmission assembly;

[0031] Fig.10 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the vibration transmission assembly;

[0032] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vibration separation component;

[0033] Fig.12 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A in the middle.

[0034] Among them: 1 horizontal bracket, 101 connecting frame, 2 side plate, 201 guide groove, 3 plowshare assembly, 301 sleeve, 302 plowshare, 3021 arc connecting plate, 3022 blade, 3023 strip through groove, 4 rotating shaft, 5 roller, 6 vibration transmission assembly, 601 cam, 6011 driving groove, 602 push rod, 6021 guide plate, 603 roller, 7 vibration separation assembly, 701 rocker arm, 702 swing beam, 703 separation rod, 8 bearing seat, 9 suspension rod, 10 driving gear, 11 driven gear, 12 rolling bearing, 13 bearing end cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 12An improved carrot harvester comprises a horizontal support 1, side plates 2 fixedly connected to the bottom of both sides of the horizontal support 1, and a connecting frame 101 fixedly connected to the top of the horizontal support 1. The horizontal support 1 is a square frame welded with square pipes; the side plates 2 are vertically arranged and fixed to the ends of both sides of the horizontal support 1 by bolt connection or welding. The connecting frame 101 is composed of a V-shaped frame plate and an auxiliary rod. The two ends of the bottom of the V-shaped frame plate and the bottom end of the auxiliary rod are respectively connected to the connecting ear seat at the top of the horizontal support 1 through a pin shaft, and the top of the V-shaped frame plate is connected to the top of the auxiliary rod through a pin shaft, thereby forming a triangular connecting frame; a hanging ring is provided at the top of the connecting frame 101 for matching and hanging with a tractor, thereby driving the entire harvester to work.

[0037] A rotating shaft 4 is rotatably mounted between the bottoms of the two side panels 2, and both ends of the rotating shaft 4 are rotatably mounted in the two side panels 2 via rolling bearings 12, so that the rotating shaft 4 can be rotatably arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the travel direction of the harvester. A roller 5 is rotatably mounted on the outer side of each side panel 2, and one end of the rotating shaft 4 is connected to the rotating shaft of one of the rollers 5 via a gear pair. Preferably, a gear structure or a tire structure is used on the circumferential surface of the roller 5 to enhance the bite force between the roller 5 and the soil surface, so that the roller 5 can keep rolling continuously during the travel process. Figure 5 As shown, the inner end face center of the roller 5 is fixedly connected with a wheel axle (not shown in the figure), and the shaft end of the wheel axle is rotatably mounted on the bottom front end of the side plate 2 through a rolling bearing. The outer side of the rolling bearing is provided with a bearing end cover 13 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the side plate 2 by bolts to prevent the soil raised by the harvester during operation from entering the rolling bearing and affecting the normal use and service life of the rolling bearing. Figure 1 A driving gear 10 is fixedly sleeved on the axle of the left side of the tractor, and a driven gear 11 meshing with the driving gear 10 is fixedly sleeved on the end of the corresponding same side end of the rotating shaft 4. When the hydraulic system on the tractor presses down the harvester and drags the harvester forward, the roller 5 presses on the ground surface. Figure 1 The driving gear 10 and the roller 5 rotate synchronously, thereby driving the driven gear 11 to rotate synchronously clockwise, and then the driven gear 11 drives the rotating shaft 4 to rotate synchronously. The number of teeth of the driving gear 10 is greater than that of the driven gear 11, thus forming a speed-increasing transmission, so that the rotating shaft 4 can rotate at a faster speed.

[0038] A plowshare assembly 3 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 4. Figure 6As shown, the plowshare assembly 3 includes a sleeve 301 sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 4, and plowshare groups arranged and distributed along the axis of the sleeve 301, and each plowshare group includes a plurality of plowshares 302 uniformly distributed around the circumferential surface of the sleeve 301. The sleeve 301 is a hollow cylindrical structure, which is sleeved on the outside of the middle section of the rotating shaft 4 as a whole and fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft 4 by bolts. Figure 7 As shown, the plow blade 302 includes an arc-shaped connecting plate 3021 matching the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 301 and a blade 3022 fixedly arranged in the middle of the outer surface of the arc-shaped connecting plate 3021. Bolt connection holes are correspondingly opened on both sides of the arc-shaped connecting plate 3021 and the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 301. The arc-shaped connecting plate 3021 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 301 by bolts. Figure 6 4) plowshares 302 are evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the sleeve 301 to form a plowshare group. Figures 1 to 4 10) plowshare groups shown in the figure are arranged in sequence to form a plowshare assembly. Bolt connection is adopted to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the blade 3022. The thickness and width of the blade 3022 gradually decrease in the direction away from the arc-shaped connecting plate 3021, and the upper surface of the blade 3022 is a concave arc surface. In this way, during the operation of the harvester, since the radius of the blade 3022 is greater than the radius of the roller 5, the end of the blade 3022 can be inserted into the soil to a certain depth (selected according to the maximum root depth of the carrot eating the soil). When the plowshare assembly is driven by the rotating shaft 4 and continuously rotates at a high speed, the blades 3022 in the same row lift the soil and the carrots inside forward from the rear and lower part of the soil, and the blades 3022 in the next row progressively perform the same shoveling process; when the blades 3022 successively rotate over the top of the rotating shaft 4, the lifted soil and the carrots inside are thrown to the side or slide backward and downward along the surface of the blade.

[0039] Preferably, at least one strip-shaped through groove 3023 is provided inside the blade 3022 to reduce the weight of the blade 3022 itself, and at the same time reduce the contact area between the soil and the blade surface, reduce the amount of soil adhering to the blade 3022 surface, and facilitate the discharge of some broken soil from the strip-shaped channel 3023 during the process of the blade 3022 lifting the soil. Furthermore, the outer sides of the shaft ends of the rotating shaft 4 are sleeved with bearing seats 8, and the top of the bearing seats 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the horizontal bracket 1 through the suspension rod 9, so that the stability of the rotating shaft 4 during operation can be further enhanced.

[0040] Vibration transmission components 6 are fixedly installed at both ends of the shaft 4. Fig. 9 and Fig.10As shown, the vibration transmission assembly 6 includes a cam 601 fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 4, a push rod 602 movably connected to the inner wall of the side plate 2, and a roller 603 movably embedded in the side of the cam is rotatably connected to the inner side of the end of the push rod 602. The two cams 601 are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the rotating shaft 4 through bolt connection. The end of the push rod 602 is a Y-shaped structure and is nested outside the edge of the cam 601. The roller 603 is loosely sleeved on the bare rod part of the bolt and is positioned by a nut. The bolt is threadedly connected to the side wall of the push rod 602 and the end is fastened to the outer wall of the push rod 602 through a locking nut.

[0041] Specifically, cam-shaped driving grooves 6011 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the cam 601, and the roller 603 is located in the driving groove 6011. The outer circumferential surface of the roller 603 rolls in contact with the groove wall of the driving groove 6011, so that the cam 601 and the push rod 602 form a cam transmission mechanism. Fig.11 As shown, a guide plate 6021 is fixedly provided on one side of the push rod 602, and a guide groove 201 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the side plate 2. The guide plate 6021 is slidably inserted into the guide groove 201, so that the push rod 602 can be driven to reciprocate horizontally along the guide groove 201 during the continuous rotation of the cam 601.

[0042] The power output end of the vibration transmission assembly 6 is movably connected to a vibration separation assembly 7 rotatably mounted between the ends of the two side plates 2. Figure 2 and Fig.12 As shown. The vibration separation assembly 7 includes a swing rod 701 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the side plate 2 and a swing beam 702 fixed between the ends of the two swing rods 701. The middle part of the swing rod 701 is installed on the inner wall of the side plate 2 through a pin shaft, so that the swing rod 701 can rotate freely around the pin shaft. A waist-shaped notch is provided at one end of the swing rod 701 away from the swing beam 702, and a pin shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the top rod 602, and the pin shaft is located in the waist-shaped notch, so that the swing rod 701 is slidably connected to the power output end of the vibration transmission assembly 6, and the swing rod 701 is driven to swing back and forth during the horizontal reciprocating motion of the top rod 602.

[0043] A plurality of separation rods 703 are fixedly connected to the top of the swing beam 702. The separation rods 703 are evenly distributed on the swing beam 702, and the higher end of the separation rods 703 is close to the sleeve 301 and located below the top surface of the bottom beam 3, so that the carrots and the soil at their roots continuously lifted by the plow shovel 302 are thrown over the sleeve 301 or slide along the surface of the plow shovel 302 and fall on the plurality of separation rods 703, and the soil is crushed during the falling and collision process. Since the soil itself has a large impulse after being thrown, the soil can be initially crushed well when it hits the surface of the separation rods 703. In the process of the separation rods 703 swinging back and forth with the swing beam 702, the crushing effect of the soil can be effectively enhanced, and the carrots can also be separated from the soil and stay on the top of the separation rods 703, and then fall along the bottom of the top of the separation rods 703 to the rear of the harvester, and finally fall on the surface of the soil that has been scattered back to the ground, so as to facilitate the picking of the carrots. Preferably, the outer sleeve of the separation rod 703 is provided with a rubber sleeve (not shown in the figure) to reduce the mechanical damage caused by the collision of the separation rod 703 when the carrot falls on the separation rod 703.

[0044] Preferably, the plowshare 302 and the separation rod 703 are alternately distributed in the axial direction of the sleeve 301, and the plowshare 302 can pass through the gap area between two adjacent separation rods 703 during rotation, and the end of the separation rod 703 is spaced relatively close to the surface of the sleeve 301. In this way, the lifted carrots and soil can fall onto the separation rod 703 as much as possible, and the soil can be broken as much as possible after vibration separation, which is convenient for subsequent plowing operations, and the soil on the surface of the carrots can also fall off as much as possible, reducing the amount of subsequent cleaning operations.

[0045] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An improved carrot harvester, comprising a horizontal support (1), side plates (2) fixedly connected to the bottom of both sides of the horizontal support (1), and a connecting frame (101) fixedly connected to the top of the horizontal support (1), characterized in that: A rotating shaft (4) is rotatably mounted between the bottoms of the two side plates (2), a plowshare assembly (3) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (4), the plowshare assembly (3) comprising a sleeve (301) sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (4), and plowshare groups arranged and distributed along the axis of the sleeve (301), each plowshare group comprising a plurality of plowshares (302) uniformly distributed circumferentially around the circumferential surface of the sleeve (301); A roller (5) is rotatably mounted on the outer side of each side plate (2), and one end of the rotating shaft (4) is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft of one of the rollers (5) via a gear pair; A vibration transmission assembly (6) is fixedly mounted at both ends of the shaft diameter of the rotating shaft (4), and a power output end of the vibration transmission assembly (6) is movably connected to a vibration separation assembly (7) rotatably mounted between the ends of the two side plates (2).

2. An improved carrot harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plowshare (302) comprises an arc-shaped connecting plate (3021) matching the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve (301) and a scraper (3022) fixedly arranged in the middle of the outer surface of the arc-shaped connecting plate (3021), the thickness and width of the scraper (3022) gradually decrease in the direction away from the arc-shaped connecting plate (3021), and the upper surface of the scraper (3022) is a concave arc surface.

3. An improved carrot harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one strip-shaped through groove (3023) is formed inside the scraper (3022).

4. The improved carrot harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration transmission assembly (6) comprises a cam (601) fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (4), and a push rod (602) movably connected to the inner wall of the side plate (2); the inner side of the end of the push rod (602) is rotatably connected to a roller (603) movably embedded in the side surface of the cam.

5. An improved carrot harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: Cam-shaped driving grooves (6011) are symmetrically provided on both side surfaces of the cam (601), the roller (603) is located in the driving groove (6011), and the outer cylindrical surface of the roller (603) is in rolling contact with the groove wall of the driving groove (6011).

6. The improved carrot harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide plate (6021) is fixedly provided on one side of the top rod (602), a guide groove (201) is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the side plate (2), and the guide plate (6021) is slidably inserted into the guide groove (201).

7. An improved carrot harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The vibration separation assembly (7) comprises a swing rod (701) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the side plate (2), and a swing beam (702) fixed between the ends of the two swing rods (701); one end of the swing rod (701) away from the swing beam (702) is slidably connected to the power output end of the vibration transmission assembly (6); and a plurality of separation rods (703) are fixedly connected to the top of the swing beam (702).

8. An improved carrot harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: The separation rod (703) is evenly distributed and tilted on the swing beam (702), and the higher end of the separation rod (703) is close to the sleeve (301) and is located below the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve (301).

9. An improved carrot harvester according to claim 8, characterized in that: The plowshare (302) and the separation rod (703) are alternately distributed in the axial direction of the sleeve (301), and the plowshare (302) can pass through the gap area between two adjacent separation rods (703) during the rotation process.

10. The improved carrot harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sides of the two ends of the rotating shaft (4) are sleeved with bearing seats (8), and the top of the bearing seat (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the horizontal support (1) through a suspension rod (9).

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