Medicinal material excavator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a medicinal material excavator which comprises a hydraulic system, a main machine frame, a stretching and conveying frame hinged to the main machine frame and a fork hinged to the stretching and conveying frame, and the hydraulic system comprises two lifting oil cylinders, a stretching and conveying oil cylinder and a digging oil cylinder. The main machine frame comprises a bottom plate frame, an upper supporting arm, a lower supporting arm, a lifting frame and two lifting oil cylinders. The stretching frame comprises a left frame plate and a right frame plate, the upper end between the left frame plate and the right frame plate is connected with a frame plate upper sleeve, the lower end between the left frame plate and the right frame plate is connected with a frame plate lower sleeve, and the fork comprises a fork arm and fork teeth. The device is reasonable in structure, low in failure rate, convenient to operate and high in working efficiency, and medicinal materials are not damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a medicinal material excavator. Background Art

[0002] In order to improve work efficiency and reduce labor intensity, many rhizome medicinal material digging machines are disclosed in the prior art, most of which are rear-hung or rear-traction medicinal material digging machines. my country's patent CN209002348U discloses a "medicinal material digging machine with soil dumping function", which has the following main disadvantages: 1) The fork teeth cannot enter the ground vertically, and the resistance of the fork teeth entering the soil is large. The fork teeth are easy to shift the tillage layer during the process of entering the soil, which is easy to damage the medicinal material root system; after the medicinal material root system is excavated, it is necessary to send the soil backward and shake the soil. The shaking action is to break the soil and initially separate the soil and the medicinal material root system. This patent is driven by the digging cylinder to drive the fork longitudinal arm to drive the fork teeth. The digging cylinder for the shaking action has a long stroke, the shaking action is not flexible, and the separation effect of the soil and the medicinal material root system is not good; 3) The overall structure is unreasonable and the failure frequency is high. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a medicinal material excavator which has a reasonable structure, a low failure rate, does not damage the medicinal materials, is easy to operate and has high working efficiency.

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is achieved as follows: a medicinal material excavator, which includes a hydraulic system, a main frame, a stretching frame and a fork, wherein the hydraulic system includes two lifting cylinders, a stretching cylinder and a digging cylinder; the main frame includes a bottom plate frame, an upper arm, a lower arm and a lifting frame, the bottom plate frame includes a bottom plate, a left hinge plate and a right hinge plate are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom plate, a left front hinge seat of the lifting cylinder is arranged on the bottom plate of the upper left part of the left hinge plate, and a right upper right hinge seat of the right hinge plate is arranged on the bottom plate of the upper left part of the left hinge plate. The bottom plate of the upper part is provided with a right front hinge seat of the lifting cylinder; the upper arm includes a left upper arm and a right upper arm, the front ends of the left upper arm and the right upper arm are connected to the front sleeve of the upper arm, the rear end of the left upper arm is connected to the rear left sleeve of the upper arm, and the rear end of the right upper arm is connected to the rear right sleeve of the upper arm; the lower arm includes a left lower arm and a right lower arm, the front ends of the left lower arm and the right lower arm are connected to the front sleeve of the lower arm, the rear ends of the left lower arm and the right lower arm are connected to the rear sleeve of the lower arm, and the lower parts of the rear ends of the left lower arm and the right lower arm are connected to the pressure floor; the lifting frame includes from left to right The left arm plate, left triangle plate, right triangle plate and right arm plate are arranged in sequence; the upper end between the left arm plate and the right arm plate is connected to the arm plate crossbeam, the middle and lower parts between the left arm plate and the right arm plate are connected to the arm plate sleeve, the left arm plate left rear arm plate sleeve corresponding position is provided with a lifting cylinder left rear articulated seat, the right arm plate right rear arm plate sleeve corresponding position is provided with a lifting cylinder right rear articulated seat, the upper corners of the left triangle plate and the right triangle plate are connected to the arm plate crossbeam, the lower corners of the left triangle plate and the right triangle plate are connected to the arm plate sleeve; the left triangle plate The front hinge shaft of the extension oil cylinder is connected between the front corner of the right triangle plate, the front sleeve of the upper arm is connected to the upper end between the left hinge plate and the right hinge plate through a pin shaft, the rear left sleeve of the upper arm is connected to the middle part between the left arm plate and the left triangle plate through a pin shaft, the rear right sleeve of the upper arm is connected to the middle part between the right arm plate and the right triangle plate through a pin shaft, the front sleeve of the lower arm is connected to the lower end between the left hinge plate and the right hinge plate through a pin shaft, and the rear sleeve of the lower arm is connected to the lower end between the left arm plate and the right arm plate through a pin shaft;

[0005] The extending frame comprises a left frame plate and a right frame plate, the upper end between the left frame plate and the right frame plate is connected to the frame plate sleeve, the middle of the frame plate sleeve is provided with a front hinge seat of the earth-moving oil cylinder, the lower end between the left frame plate and the right frame plate is connected to the frame plate lower sleeve, the middle of the frame plate lower sleeve is provided with a extending oil cylinder rear hinge seat, and the frame plate sleeve is connected to the upper end between the left arm plate and the right arm plate through a pin shaft;

[0006] The fork comprises a fork arm and fork teeth, the upper side of the fork arm is provided with two extension frame hinge seats, the rear side of the fork arm is provided with a digging arm, the rear end of the digging arm is provided with a digging oil cylinder rear hinge shaft, and the lower casing of the frame plate is connected between the two extension frame hinge seats through a pin shaft;

[0007] A lifting cylinder is connected between the left front articulated seat of the lifting cylinder and the left rear articulated seat of the lifting cylinder, a lifting cylinder is connected between the right front articulated seat of the lifting cylinder and the right rear articulated seat of the lifting cylinder, the extending cylinder is connected between the front articulated shaft of the extending cylinder and the rear articulated seat of the extending cylinder, and the digging cylinder is connected between the front articulated seat of the digging cylinder and the rear articulated shaft of the digging cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the utility model also includes an anti-backward mechanism, which includes an anti-backward ratchet installed on the inner sides of the two rear wheel hubs of the tractor, a pawl shaft is installed on the tractor chassis in a transversely rotatable manner, both ends of the pawl shaft are fixedly connected and locked to engage with pawls on the anti-backward ratchet, the pawl is connected to a spring for tightening the engagement, and it also includes a hooking claw for hooking an operating rod when the anti-backward ratchet and the pawl are in a disengaged state.

[0009] Preferably, the utility model also includes an operating system for excavating medicinal materials, which includes equipping a hydraulic steering machine on the basis of the original mechanical steering mechanism of the tractor, the tractor seat is arranged as a rotatable seat, a recirculating ball steering wheel matching the hydraulic steering machine is arranged on the side of the seat, and a second accelerator pedal and a second brake pedal are arranged on the rear side of the seat.

[0010] Preferably, a hydraulic system operating frame is arranged at the rear side of the seat, and a hydraulic pilot valve for operating a lifting cylinder, a stretching cylinder and an earth-moving cylinder is arranged on the hydraulic system operating frame.

[0011] Preferably, a wide auxiliary fork and a narrow auxiliary fork are detachably connected to both ends of the fork arm.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0013] 1) The fork of the utility model comprises a fork arm and fork teeth, the upper side of the fork arm is provided with two extending frame articulated seats, the rear side of the fork arm is provided with an earth-moving arm, the rear end of the earth-moving arm is provided with an earth-moving cylinder rear articulated shaft, and the lower casing of the frame plate is connected between the two extending frame articulated seats through a pin shaft; when the earth-moving cylinder performs excavation and soil shaking actions, the fork teeth are swung with the extending frame articulated seat on the fork arm as the axis, which is more labor-saving and more flexible than the prior art.

[0014] 2) The main frame of the utility model is a main frame of a four-link structure driven by two lifting cylinders, which ensures that the lifting frame can be lifted and lowered in a longitudinal straight line, thereby ensuring that the fork tines enter the ground in a longitudinal straight line. The fork tines will not damage the roots of the medicinal materials during the process of entering the ground. The horizontal squeezing and displacement effect of the fork tines on the soil during the process of entering the ground is small, and no horizontal shear damage will be caused to the roots of the medicinal materials, and no fracture damage will be caused to the lower roots and capillary roots of the medicinal materials.

[0015] 3) The utility model is provided with an anti-backward mechanism. Anti-backward ratchet wheels are arranged on the inner sides of the two rear wheel hubs of the tractor. A locking mating pawl is arranged on each anti-backward ratchet wheel. It can ensure that the tractor can only move forward, effectively avoiding accidental reverse operation and harming personnel picking up medicinal materials, and has the advantages of safety and reliability.

[0016] 4) The utility model is equipped with a medicinal material excavation operating system based on the original tractor operating system. The system includes a hydraulic steering machine, a rotatable tractor seat, a recirculating ball steering wheel matching the hydraulic steering machine is arranged on the side of the seat, and a second accelerator pedal and a second brake pedal are arranged on the rear side of the seat. When excavating medicinal materials, the seat can be rotated 180 degrees, and the driver drives the tractor and the medicinal material excavator facing the rear, which is convenient to operate.

[0017] 5) The utility model is provided with a hydraulic system operating frame at the rear side of the seat, and a hydraulic pilot valve for operating the lifting cylinder, the extension cylinder and the digging cylinder is provided on the hydraulic system operating frame. The lifting cylinder, the extension cylinder and the digging cylinder are operated by the hydraulic pilot valve, and the movement range is small, which saves effort, and multiple cylinders can be operated at the same time, which is flexible and convenient to operate.

[0018] 6) The utility model has a reasonable overall structure, is sturdy and durable, has a low failure rate, and is suitable for promotion and application in areas where medicinal materials are grown. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the medicinal material excavator and the tractor of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the anti-backup mechanism of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the medicinal material excavator of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bottom plate frame of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the lower support arm of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the upper support arm of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the lifting frame of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the extension and delivery frame of the utility model;

[0027] Fig. 9It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the medicinal material excavator of the utility model in a state of preparing for excavation;

[0028] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the medicinal material excavator of the utility model in the state where the fork is buried in the soil;

[0029] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the medicinal material excavator of the utility model in the fork digging state;

[0030] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the medicinal material excavator of the utility model in which the fork is extended and raised;

[0031] Fig.13 It is a side structural schematic diagram of a medicinal material excavator for shaking off soil and medicinal materials of the utility model.

[0032] In the figure: 1 lifting cylinder, 2 extending cylinder, 3 digging cylinder, 4 bottom plate, 5 left hinged plate, 6 right hinged plate, 7 left front hinged seat of lifting cylinder, 8 right front hinged seat of lifting cylinder, 9 left upper arm, 10 right upper arm, 11 upper arm front sleeve, 12 upper arm rear left sleeve, 13 upper arm rear right sleeve, 14 left lower arm, 15 right lower arm, 16 lower arm front sleeve, 17 lower arm rear sleeve, 18 pressing floor, 19 left arm plate, 20 left triangle plate, 21 right triangle plate, 22 right arm plate, 23 arm plate crossbeam, 24 arm plate sleeve, 25 lifting cylinder left rear hinged seat, 26 lifting cylinder right rear hinged seat, 27 Front articulated shaft of the extending cylinder, 28 left frame plate, 29 right frame plate, 30 frame plate upper casing, 31 front articulated seat of the digging cylinder, 32 frame plate lower casing, 33 rear articulated seat of the extending cylinder, 34 fork arm, 35 fork tooth, 36 articulated seat of the extending frame, 37 digging arm, 38 rear articulated shaft of the digging cylinder, 39 anti-backward ratchet, 40 pawl shaft, 41 pawl, 42 spring, 43 operating lever, 44 hooking claw, 45 seat, 46 recirculating ball steering wheel, 47 second accelerator pedal, 48 second brake pedal, 49 hydraulic system operating frame, 50 hydraulic pilot valve, 51 wide auxiliary fork, 52 narrow auxiliary fork. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the utility model are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the utility model.

[0034] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should be the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the utility model belongs. In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "middle", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a medicinal material excavator comprises a hydraulic system, a main frame, a telescopic frame and a fork; the hydraulic system comprises two lifting cylinders 1, a telescopic cylinder 2 and a digging cylinder 3;

[0036] The main frame includes a bottom frame, an upper support arm, a lower support arm and a lifting frame. The bottom frame includes a bottom plate 4. A left hinge plate 5 and a right hinge plate 6 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the bottom plate 4. A left front hinge seat 7 of a lifting cylinder is provided on the bottom plate 4 at the upper left of the left hinge plate 5. A right front hinge seat 8 of a lifting cylinder is provided on the bottom plate 4 at the upper right of the right hinge plate 6. The upper support arm includes a left upper arm 9 and a right upper arm 10. The front ends of the left upper arm 9 and the right upper arm 10 are connected to the upper arm front sleeve 11, and the rear end of the left upper arm 9 is connected to the upper arm rear left sleeve 12. The rear end of the upper arm 10 is connected to the rear right sleeve 13 of the upper arm, and the lower arm includes a left lower arm 14 and a right lower arm 15; the front ends of the left lower arm 14 and the right lower arm 15 are connected to the front sleeve 16 of the lower arm, the rear ends of the left lower arm 14 and the right lower arm 15 are connected to the rear sleeve 17 of the lower arm, and the lower parts of the rear ends of the left lower arm 14 and the right lower arm 15 are connected to the pressure plate 18; the lifting frame includes a left arm plate 19, a left triangular plate 20, a right triangular plate 21, and a right arm plate 22 arranged in sequence from left to right; the upper end between the left arm plate 19 and the right arm plate 22 is connected to the arm plate The cross beam 23 is connected to the arm plate sleeve 24 in the middle and lower part between the left arm plate 19 and the right arm plate 22. The left arm plate 19 is provided with a left rear hinge seat 25 of the lifting cylinder at the corresponding position of the left arm plate sleeve 24, and the right arm plate 22 is provided with a right rear hinge seat 26 of the lifting cylinder at the corresponding position of the right arm plate sleeve 24. The upper corners of the left triangle plate 20 and the right triangle plate 21 are connected to the arm plate cross beam 23, and the lower corners of the left triangle plate 20 and the right triangle plate 21 are connected to the arm plate sleeve 24; the front corners of the left triangle plate 20 and the right triangle plate 21 are connected to the extension oil supply Cylinder front hinge shaft 27, upper arm front sleeve 11 is connected to the upper end between the left hinge plate 5 and the right hinge plate 6 through a pin shaft, upper arm rear left sleeve 12 is connected to the middle between the left arm plate 19 and the left triangular plate 20 through a pin shaft, upper arm rear right sleeve 13 is connected to the middle between the right arm plate 22 and the right triangular plate 21 through a pin shaft, lower arm front sleeve 16 is connected to the lower end between the left hinge plate 5 and the right hinge plate 6 through a pin shaft, and lower arm rear sleeve 17 is connected to the lower end between the left arm plate 19 and the right arm plate 22 through a pin shaft;

[0037] The extending frame includes a left frame plate 28 and a right frame plate 29, the upper end between the left frame plate 28 and the right frame plate 29 is connected to a frame plate sleeve 30, the middle of the frame plate sleeve 30 is provided with a front hinge seat 31 of an earthmoving oil cylinder, the lower end between the left frame plate 28 and the right frame plate 29 is connected to a frame plate lower sleeve 32, the middle of the frame plate lower sleeve 32 is provided with a extending oil cylinder rear hinge seat 33, and the frame plate sleeve 30 is connected to the upper end between the left arm plate 19 and the right arm plate 22 through a pin shaft;

[0038] The fork comprises a fork arm 34 and fork teeth 35, and a detachable wide fork 51 and a detachable narrow fork 52 are respectively connected at both ends of the fork arm 34; two extension frame articulated seats 36 are provided on the upper side of the fork arm 34, and a digging arm 37 is provided on the rear side of the fork arm 34, and a rear articulated shaft 38 of a digging oil cylinder is provided at the rear end of the digging arm 37, and the lower casing 32 of the frame plate is connected between the two extension frame articulated seats 36 through a pin shaft;

[0039] A lifting cylinder 1 is connected between the left front articulated seat 7 of the lifting cylinder and the left rear articulated seat 25 of the lifting cylinder, a lifting cylinder 1 is connected between the right front articulated seat 8 of the lifting cylinder and the right rear articulated seat 26 of the lifting cylinder, the extending cylinder 2 is connected between the front articulated shaft 27 of the extending cylinder and the rear articulated seat 33 of the extending cylinder, and the digging cylinder 3 is connected between the front articulated seat 31 of the digging cylinder and the rear articulated shaft 38 of the digging cylinder.

[0040] The embodiment of the utility model includes an anti-backup mechanism, which includes an anti-backup ratchet 39 installed on the inner sides of the two rear wheel hubs of the tractor, a pawl shaft 40 is installed on the tractor chassis in a transversely rotatable manner, both ends of the pawl shaft 40 are fixedly connected to a pawl 41 that is locked and engaged with the anti-backup ratchet 39, the pawl 41 is connected to a spring 42 for tightening the engagement, and it also includes a hooking claw 44 for hooking an operating rod 43 when the anti-backup ratchet 39 and the pawl 41 are in a separated state.

[0041] The embodiment of the utility model includes an operation system for excavating medicinal materials. The operation system for excavating medicinal materials includes a hydraulic steering machine equipped on the basis of the original mechanical steering mechanism of the tractor. The tractor seat is arranged as a rotatable seat 45. A recirculating ball steering wheel 46 matching the hydraulic steering machine is arranged on the side of the seat 45. A second accelerator pedal 47 and a second brake pedal 48 are arranged on the rear side of the seat.

[0042] In the embodiment of the utility model, a hydraulic system operating frame 49 is arranged at the rear side of the seat 45 , and a hydraulic pilot valve 50 for operating a lifting cylinder, a stretching cylinder and an earth-moving cylinder is arranged on the hydraulic system operating frame 49 .

[0043] The working process of the utility model is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0044] 1) Prepare for mining: Fig. 9As shown, the lifting cylinder 1 is retracted, the extending cylinder 2 is retracted, and the digging cylinder 3 is extended, entering the digging preparation state;

[0045] 2) Fork into the soil: Fig.10 As shown, the lifting cylinder 1 is extended, the fork is inserted into the ground, and the floor 18 is pressed against the ground;

[0046] 3) Fork digging: Fig.11 As shown, the digging cylinder 3 is retracted, and the fork digs out the soil and medicinal materials;

[0047] 4) Extend the fork and raise it: Fig.12 As shown, the extension cylinder 2 is extended, and the fork carrying the soil and medicinal materials is extended and raised;

[0048] 5) Shake off the soil and herbs: Fig.13 As shown, the digging cylinder 3 is frequently extended, retracted and shaken in a short stroke to shake off the soil and separate the soil from the medicinal materials;

[0049] 6) Fork reset: Fig. 9 As shown, the lifting cylinder 1 is retracted, the extending cylinder 2 is retracted, the digging cylinder 3 is extended, the soil and medicinal materials are completely removed from the fork, and the excavation preparation state is entered;

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the utility model.

Claims

1. A medicinal material excavator, comprising a hydraulic system, a main frame, a telescopic frame and a fork, characterized in that: The hydraulic system includes two lifting cylinders, a stretching cylinder and an earth-moving cylinder; the main frame includes a base frame, an upper arm, a lower arm and a lifting frame, the base frame includes a base, a left hinge plate and a right hinge plate are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the base, a left front hinge seat of the lifting cylinder is provided on the base plate of the upper left part of the left hinge plate, and a right front hinge seat of the lifting cylinder is provided on the base plate of the upper right part of the right hinge plate; the upper arm includes a left upper arm and a right upper arm, the front ends of the left upper arm and the right upper arm are connected to the front sleeve of the upper arm, the rear ends of the left upper arm are connected to the rear left sleeve of the upper arm, and the rear ends of the right upper arm are connected to the rear right sleeve of the upper arm; the lower arm includes a left lower arm and a right lower arm, the front ends of the left lower arm and the right lower arm are connected to the front sleeve of the lower arm, The rear ends of the left lower arm and the right lower arm are connected to the rear sleeve of the lower arm, and the lower parts of the rear ends of the left lower arm and the right lower arm are connected to the pressure plate; the lifting frame includes a left arm plate, a left triangular plate, a right triangular plate, and a right arm plate arranged in sequence from left to right; the upper end between the left arm plate and the right arm plate is connected to the arm plate crossbeam, the middle and lower parts between the left arm plate and the right arm plate are connected to the arm plate sleeve, the left rear articulated seat of the lifting cylinder is provided at the corresponding position of the left arm plate sleeve of the left arm plate, and the right rear articulated seat of the lifting cylinder is provided at the corresponding position of the right arm plate sleeve of the right arm plate, the upper corners of the left triangular plate and the right triangular plate are connected to the arm plate crossbeam, and the lower corners of the left triangular plate and the right triangular plate are connected to the arm plate sleeve; the front articulated shaft of the extension cylinder is connected between the front corners of the left triangular plate and the right triangular plate, and the upper The front sleeve of the arm is connected to the upper end between the left hinge plate and the right hinge plate through a pin shaft, the rear left sleeve of the upper arm is connected to the middle part between the left arm plate and the left triangular plate through a pin shaft, the rear right sleeve of the upper arm is connected to the middle part between the right arm plate and the right triangular plate through a pin shaft, the front sleeve of the lower arm is connected to the lower end between the left hinge plate and the right hinge plate through a pin shaft, and the rear sleeve of the lower arm is connected to the lower end between the left arm plate and the right arm plate through a pin shaft; the extending frame includes a left frame plate and a right frame plate, the upper end between the left frame plate and the right frame plate is connected to the sleeve on the frame plate, and the middle part of the sleeve on the frame plate is provided with a front hinge seat of the excavating cylinder, and the lower end between the left frame plate and the right frame plate is connected to the lower sleeve of the frame plate, and the middle part of the lower sleeve of the frame plate is provided with a rear hinge seat of the extending cylinder The connecting seat and the sleeve on the frame plate are connected to the upper end between the left arm plate and the right arm plate through a pin shaft; the fork includes a fork arm and fork teeth, the upper side surface of the fork arm is provided with two extending frame articulated seats, the rear side surface of the fork arm is provided with a digging arm, and the rear end of the digging arm is provided with a rear articulated shaft of the digging cylinder, and the lower sleeve of the frame plate is connected between the two extending frame articulated seats through a pin shaft; a lifting cylinder is connected between the left front articulated seat of the lifting cylinder and the left rear articulated seat of the lifting cylinder, a lifting cylinder is connected between the right front articulated seat of the lifting cylinder and the right rear articulated seat of the lifting cylinder, the extending cylinder is connected between the front articulated shaft of the extending cylinder and the rear articulated seat of the extending cylinder, and the digging cylinder is connected between the front articulated seat of the digging cylinder and the rear articulated shaft of the digging cylinder.

2. A medicinal material excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an anti-backward mechanism, which includes an anti-backward ratchet installed on the inner sides of the two rear wheel hubs of the tractor, a pawl shaft installed laterally and rotatably on the tractor chassis, both ends of the pawl shaft are fixedly connected and locked to engage with the pawls on the anti-backward ratchet, the pawl is connected to a spring for tightening the engagement, and it also includes a hooking claw for hooking an operating rod when the anti-backward ratchet and the pawl are in a disengaged state.

3. A medicinal material excavator according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an excavation medicinal material operating system, which includes equipping the tractor with a hydraulic steering machine based on the original mechanical steering mechanism of the tractor, the tractor seat is arranged as a rotatable seat, a recirculating ball steering wheel matching the hydraulic steering machine is arranged on the side of the seat, and a second accelerator pedal and a second brake pedal are arranged on the rear side of the seat.

4. The medicinal material excavator according to claim 3, characterized in that: A hydraulic system operating frame is arranged at the rear side of the seat, and a hydraulic pilot valve for operating a lifting cylinder, a stretching cylinder and an earth-moving cylinder is arranged on the hydraulic system operating frame.

5. The medicinal material excavator according to claim 4, characterized in that: A detachable wide sub-fork and a detachable narrow sub-fork are connected to both ends of the fork arm.

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