Air-breathing small-space fire multi-element detection device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of fire detection, and particularly relates to an air-breathing small-space fire multi-element detection device, which comprises a data acquisition and sensing unit, and the data acquisition and sensing unit comprises an air inlet, an air outlet, an air inlet channel, an air outlet channel, a centrifugal fan, a temperature detection cavity, a CO detection cavity and a smoke detection cavity; the air inlet is formed in the front end of the air inlet channel, the air inlet channel is communicated with the centrifugal fan, the centrifugal fan is communicated with the temperature detection cavity, the temperature detection cavity is communicated with the CO detection cavity, the CO detection cavity is communicated with the smoke detection cavity, the smoke detection cavity is communicated with the air outlet channel, and an air outlet is formed in the tail end of the air outlet channel. The objective of the utility model is to solve the technical problem that the real dangerous condition of a small-space fire cannot be timely and effectively distinguished.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of fire detection, in particular to an air-suction type small space fire multi-element detection device. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background art related to the present disclosure and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In recent years, the construction of various infrastructures such as data rooms, libraries, cultural relics museums, archives and some precision instrument rooms has entered a new climax. The common features of infrastructures are limited space size, high requirements for environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, dense power distribution facilities such as wires and cables, and high social and practical value of items such as books, cultural relics, archives or precision instruments in the space. Once a fire occurs in such space, it will cause immeasurable losses. Therefore, fire detection in small spaces has become an important part of infrastructure construction. At present, the commonly used small space fire detection methods are mainly smoke, temperature, gas or flame detection methods. Due to the limited space and interference from external factors, there are problems such as incomplete detection angles, untimely response time, high false alarm or missed alarm rates, and the real dangerous situation of small space fires cannot be identified in a timely and effective manner. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model proposes an air-suction type small space fire multi-element detection device. The utility model solves the technical problem that the real dangerous situation of the small space fire cannot be timely and effectively identified.

[0005] According to some embodiments, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application discloses an air-suction type small space fire detection device, comprising:

[0007] A data acquisition and sensing unit, the data acquisition and sensing unit comprising: an air inlet channel, an air outlet channel, a centrifugal fan, a temperature detection cavity, a CO detection cavity and a smoke detection cavity; the air inlet channel is connected to the centrifugal fan, the centrifugal fan is connected to the air outlet channel, the upper side of the air outlet channel is connected to the temperature detection cavity, the temperature detection cavity is connected to the CO detection cavity, the CO detection cavity is connected to the smoke detection cavity, and the smoke detection cavity is connected to the lower side of the air outlet channel.

[0008] Furthermore, a high-temperature sponge and a wind speed sensor are provided on the inner wall of the air intake passage.

[0009] Furthermore, a temperature sensor is provided in the temperature detection cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, the smoke detection cavity is a darkroom cavity, and an infrared light-emitting tube, a lens, a focusing ball and a photoelectric sensor are arranged in the cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the photoelectric sensor is fixedly installed below the smoke detection cavity, the infrared light emitting tube is fixedly installed above the smoke detection cavity, the lens and the focusing ball are installed between the photoelectric sensor and the infrared light emitting tube, and the photoelectric sensor and the infrared light emitting tube are installed at a 90-degree angle.

[0012] Furthermore, a CO sensor is arranged in the CO gas detection cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a main control unit, a functional module unit, a NB-I ot Internet of Things module, a backup battery and a switching power supply. The main control unit is electrically connected to the data acquisition and perception unit and the NB-I ot Internet of Things module, the functional module unit is electrically connected to the main control unit, and the backup battery and the switching power supply are connected to the main control unit, the functional module and the NB-I ot Internet of Things module.

[0014] Furthermore, the wind speed sensor, temperature sensor, CO sensor and photoelectric sensor are electrically connected to the main control unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the main control unit includes: a signal processing module and an AD conversion circuit, and the main control unit is electrically connected to the NB-Iot Internet of Things module.

[0016] Furthermore, the functional module unit includes: a signal processing module and an AD module circuit.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] The present invention overcomes the singleness of smoke sensor fire detection, adds CO detection and temperature detection, improves the multi-dimensional fire detection ability to resist external interference, reduces the small space detection blind area, has a fast response time, greatly reduces the false alarm and missed alarm rate, and has more practical value.

[0019] The present invention adopts a metal shell structure, and the internal detection cavity is processed in sequence and partitioned, so it has strong anti-interference ability, can effectively distinguish the early fire and the intensity of the fire, and improves the fire identification rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of cavity distribution of the air-suction type small space fire multi-element detection device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a circuit implementation of an air-suction type small space fire multi-element detection device according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of the data acquisition and sensing unit, backup battery, main control unit, functional module unit, NB-I ot Internet of Things module, and switching power supply of the air-suction type small space fire multi-element detection device of the present invention.

[0024] Description of reference numerals:

[0025] Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The corresponding relationship between the component names and the reference numerals is as follows:

[0026] 1. Temperature detection cavity 2. CO detection cavity 3. Smoke detection cavity 4. Wind speed sensor 5. Temperature sensor 6. CO sensor 7. Infrared light emitting tube 8. Lens and focusing ball 9. Photoelectric sensor 10. Air inlet duct 11. Centrifugal fan air outlet 12. Centrifugal fan air inlet 13. Air outlet duct 14. Air intake branch 15. Air inlet 16. Air outlet 17. Data acquisition and sensing unit 18. Backup battery 19. Main control unit 20. Functional module unit 21. NB-I ot Internet of Things module 22. Switching power supply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] The present invention provides an air-suction type fire multi-element detection device, comprising:

[0029] A data acquisition and sensing unit, the data acquisition and sensing unit includes: an air inlet 15, an air outlet 16, an air inlet channel 10, an air outlet channel 13, a centrifugal fan, a temperature detection cavity 1, a CO detection cavity 2 and a smoke detection cavity; the air inlet 15 is arranged at the front end of the air inlet channel 10, the air inlet channel 10 is connected to the centrifugal fan, the centrifugal fan is connected to the temperature detection cavity 1, the temperature detection cavity 1 is connected to the CO detection cavity 2, the CO detection cavity 2 is connected to the smoke detection cavity 3, the smoke detection cavity 3 is connected to the air outlet channel 13, and the end of the air outlet channel 13 is the air outlet 16.

[0030] The functional module unit includes: a liquid crystal display unit, a key unit, an audible and visual alarm unit, a clock unit and a storage unit. The key unit is used to operate each unit, the storage unit is used to store data, and the clock unit is used to display time.

[0031] Smoke detection, CO gas detection and temperature detection are located in a sealed housing made of metal. All detections share the same air inlet channel, fan and air outlet channel. Using the internal and external pressure difference, the fan draws the detection gas into the air inlet channel, and after passing through the high-temperature sponge filter and wind speed sensor, it reaches the temperature detection cavity. The high-temperature sponge plays a filtering role and can prevent a certain amount of dust and impurities from entering the cavity when there is no fire. The wind speed sensor is located in the air intake passage and is used to feedback the operating status and operation of the fan. It can detect the wind speed in the first place. When the wind speed is too large or too small or the change trend is abnormal, it indicates that the fan has a fault. After the controller receives the fan fault signal, it will issue an audible and visual fault alarm. The temperature detection chamber is connected to the air intake branch. The gas enters the air intake passage after being filtered through a high-temperature sponge, and enters the air outlet passage through the fan. Due to the special design of the fan, there is a pressure difference between the internal and external air intake and outlet of the fan. Part of the measured gas enters the air intake branch from the air outlet passage, and then enters the temperature detection chamber. The temperature sensor is located in the temperature detection chamber. By detecting the temperature of the incoming gas, a preliminary judgment of the fire situation is made. There is an infrared light-emitting tube in the smoke detection chamber, which emits a Infrared light of a certain wavelength, after encountering smoke particles, is reflected and effectively transmits the light signal intensity to the photoelectric sensor located directly below the cavity. The photoelectric sensor and the infrared light-emitting tube are installed at a 90-degree angle, which is the best angle for scattered light reflection and absorption. The photoelectric sensor converts the light intensity signal into an electrical signal, which is then amplified, filtered, and AD-converted to output resolvable smoke concentration information; the smoke detection cavity is a darkroom cavity with a special structure. The light from the infrared light-emitting tube light source is converged into parallel light through a lens, and then the parallel light is gathered and reflected to the photoelectric sensor through a focusing ball. This structure can improve the sensitivity and stability of the photoelectric sensor in receiving effective light signals and better absorb the light reflected by smoke particles.

[0032] The gas comes out of the temperature detection chamber and enters the CO gas detection chamber along the gas channel. There are CO sensors and signal processing modules in the chamber. When there is a certain range of current output at the output end of the CO sensor, it means that there is CO gas in the CO detection chamber. The change in gas concentration will correspond to a certain proportion of the sensor output current change. The current signal is converted into a voltage signal through the IV conversion circuit of the signal processing module, and then converted through the AD module circuit and input into the main control unit for signal analysis. The CO concentration is obtained according to the set threshold and the corresponding proportional algorithm, so as to judge the fire situation.

[0033] The main control unit includes a signal processing module and an AD conversion circuit. The main control unit is used to collect the temperature, smoke concentration and CO concentration collected by the sensor and then upload them to the host computer through the wireless Internet of Things module. The Internet of Things module adopts NB-I ot, a low-cost telecom-grade, highly reliable and highly secure wide-area Internet of Things technology, built on a cellular network, consuming only a 180KHz frequency band, and can be directly deployed on GSM networks, UMTS networks and LTE networks. The NB-I ot core network is responsible for interacting with the terminal non-access layer and forwarding relevant data to the NB-I ot platform for processing. The NB-I ot module BC95 with Huawei chips is used. The data uploaded to the cloud platform is transmitted in hexadecimal format. The range of the data should not exceed the limit in the profile file, otherwise the platform will automatically filter out the data that does not meet the requirements. The data sent by the cloud platform is sent to the lower computer through the module. The lower computer needs different functions to parse and respond to commands in different data formats from the cloud platform.

[0034] The power supply voltage of the device is 220V municipal AC power, which is the main power supply. Through the switching power supply AC220V / DC24V conversion, the mainboard is supplied with DC 24V, and the circuit current is about 1A; 2 12V lead-acid batteries are selected as backup power, and the backup power supply can reach more than 2 hours. The device has the function of automatic switching between main power and backup power. When encountering a power outage or a main power failure, the power supply circuit automatically switches to the backup power supply without affecting the fire detection function of the space, and performs an audible and visual alarm to remind you to repair the main power. After the main power is restored, it automatically switches back to the main power supply. There are fault alarms for main power and backup power failures. When the backup power is undervoltage, it will automatically charge to full power when the main power is normally powered.

[0035] The device circuit implementation method of the present application is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the switching power supply is input by the main power AC 220V, and outputs DC 24V and 5V. 24V is used to power the centrifugal fan, and 5V is used to power the main control unit. The switching power supply has a backup battery charging circuit and a fault signal detection circuit inside. Faults include main power disconnection, backup power disconnection, backup power undervoltage, charging fault, etc. Two 12V backup batteries are connected to the switching power supply, and the fault signal lead-out line is connected to the main control unit. When the main power AC 220VAC is disconnected, the switching power supply automatically and seamlessly switches to the backup battery for power supply. When the main power is disconnected or the backup battery is undervoltage, the main control unit can detect different fault signals to detect the main power disconnection or backup power undervoltage fault. When there is a fault or fire alarm signal, the main control unit will send information to the sound and light alarm module and the LCD display module. The LCD displays the fault information or fire information, the corresponding fault light or alarm light is on, and the buzzer emits a sound alarm of the corresponding frequency.

[0036] The temperature detection module, CO gas detection module and smoke detection module are respectively located in the corresponding cavities. The wind speed sensor is connected to the temperature detection module to determine whether the fan fails by detecting the wind speed. The CO gas detection module is located in the CO gas detection cavity. The smoke detection module cavity is a darkroom cavity with a special design, which can more effectively detect the concentration of smoke particles. The collected characteristic data is first processed by the main control unit, and then uploaded to the cloud platform through the Internet of Things module. The cloud platform draws a conclusion about the fire based on a large amount of data.

[0037] The multi-detection proposed above includes three detection modules: temperature detection module, CO gas detection module, and smoke detection module. Any two of them can be freely combined for fire detection. Different spaces and environments can choose corresponding combinations.

[0038] Among them, 1 is a temperature detection cavity, 2 is a CO detection cavity, 3 is a smoke detection cavity, 4 is a wind speed sensor, 5 is a temperature sensor, 6 is a CO sensor, 7 is an infrared light-emitting tube, 8 is a lens and focusing ball, and 9 is a photoelectric sensor. The direction of the arrow in the channel is the airflow direction. The external gas is inhaled through the centrifugal fan. According to the principle of negative pressure difference inside and outside the cavity, the detection gas enters the air inlet channel through the air inlet. The wind speed sensor detects the wind speed, passes through the centrifugal fan, and is discharged into the air outlet channel through the centrifugal fan. Part of the detection gas enters the air intake branch, passes through the temperature detection cavity 1, CO gas detection cavity 2 and smoke detection cavity 3 in turn, and then returns to the air inlet of the centrifugal fan, and flows back to the circulation loop with the detection gas that comes in again.

Claims

1. An air-suction type small space fire multi-element detection device, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition and sensing unit, the data acquisition and sensing unit comprising: an air inlet, an air outlet, an air inlet channel, an air outlet channel, a centrifugal fan, a temperature detection cavity, a CO detection cavity and a smoke detection cavity; the air inlet is arranged at the front end of the air inlet channel, the air inlet channel is connected with the centrifugal fan, the centrifugal fan is connected with the temperature detection cavity, the temperature detection cavity is connected with the CO detection cavity, the CO detection cavity is connected with the smoke detection cavity, the smoke detection cavity is connected with the air outlet channel, and the end of the air outlet channel is the air outlet.

2. The air-suction type small space fire multi-element detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the air intake passage is provided with a high temperature sponge and a wind speed sensor.

3. The air-suction type small space fire multi-element detection device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is arranged in the temperature detection cavity.

4. The air-suction type small space fire multi-element detection device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke detection cavity is a dark chamber cavity, and an infrared light emitting tube, a lens, a focusing ball and a photoelectric sensor are arranged in the cavity.

5. The air-suction type small space fire multi-element detection device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The photoelectric sensor is fixedly installed below the smoke detection cavity, the infrared light emitting tube is fixedly installed above the smoke detection cavity, the lens and the focusing ball are installed between the photoelectric sensor and the infrared light emitting tube, and the photoelectric sensor and the infrared light emitting tube are installed in a 90-degree angle.

6. The air-suction type small space fire multi-element detection device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A CO sensor is arranged in the CO detection cavity.

7. The air-suction type small space fire multi-element detection device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a main control unit, a functional module unit, a NB-Iot Internet of Things module, a backup battery and a switching power supply.

8. The air-suction type small space fire multi-element detection device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The wind speed sensor, temperature sensor, CO sensor and photoelectric sensor are electrically connected to the main control unit.

9. The air-suction type small space fire multi-element detection device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The main control unit includes: a signal processing module and an AD conversion circuit, and the main control unit is electrically connected to the NB-Iot Internet of Things module.

10. The air-suction type small space fire multi-element detection device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The functional module unit includes: a liquid crystal display unit, a key unit, an audible and visual alarm unit, a clock unit and a storage unit.

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