Ultrasonic-assisted gear shaping device for machining internal spline

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ultrasonic-assisted gear shaping device for machining an internal spline. The ultrasonic-assisted gear shaping device comprises a machine tool spindle; the upper end of the ultrasonic cutter handle is connected with a machine tool spindle, a first polygonal hole is formed in the end face of the lower end, and a radial hole is formed in the side wall of the first polygonal hole; the upper end of the slotting cutter is provided with a first polygonal column matched with the first polygonal hole, and a clamping groove is formed in the position corresponding to the height of the radial hole. The sliding clamping block is installed in the radial hole in a sliding mode and can move to be clamped into the clamping groove of the slotting cutter. And the clamping sleeve has an avoiding state for avoiding the sliding path of the sliding clamping block and a clamping state for preventing the sliding clamping block from sliding out of the clamping groove. The sliding clamping block is clamped into the clamping groove of the slotting cutter, so that the slotting cutter is axially positioned, the clamping sleeve stops the sliding clamping block from sliding and pulling away in the clamping state, fixation of the slotting cutter in the machining process is guaranteed, the dismounting and mounting processes of the slotting cutter are simplified, the dismounting steps are simple, operation is convenient, and the cutter replacing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field, in particular to an ultrasonic auxiliary gear shaping device for machining internal splines. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical transmission, splines are widely used in various mechanical structures as an efficient torque transmission element. The processing accuracy of splines directly affects the stability and reliability of the transmission system.

[0003] First, spline internal gear processing usually requires the use of special tools, such as gear shaping cutters or gear hobbing cutters. These tools are driven by the spindle to contact the workpiece, generating large cutting forces and heat. This not only poses a challenge to the durability of the tool, but also increases the risk of thermal deformation during processing. Usually, the tool needs to be disassembled and replaced after a period of use, but traditional tool disassembly is more troublesome, and usually multiple fasteners need to be disassembled to complete the tool disassembly, which is more troublesome. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the utility model provides an ultrasonic assisted gear shaping device for machining internal splines, which can facilitate the disassembly of the gear shaping cutter.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0006] An ultrasonic-assisted gear shaping device for machining internal splines comprises: a machine tool spindle; an ultrasonic tool handle, the upper end of which is detachably connected to the machine tool spindle, and the lower end face is provided with a first polygonal hole, the side wall of the first polygonal hole is provided with a radial hole, and the radial hole penetrates the side wall of the first polygonal hole; a gear shaping cutter, the upper end of which is provided with a first polygonal column adapted to the first polygonal hole, the first polygonal column is inserted into the first polygonal hole, and a clamping groove is provided at a height position corresponding to the radial hole, and the gear shaping cutter has at least one horizontal surface that fits with the horizontal surface on the ultrasonic tool handle; a sliding clamping block, which is slidably mounted on the radial hole and can be moved to be clamped into the clamping groove of the gear shaping cutter to achieve axial positioning of the gear shaping cutter; a clamping sleeve, which has an avoidance state for avoiding the sliding path of the sliding clamping block and a clamping state for preventing the sliding clamping block from sliding out of the clamping groove, the clamping sleeve is elastically lifted and movably mounted on the ultrasonic tool handle or the machine tool spindle to switch between the avoidance state and the clamping state, and the clamping sleeve is subjected to an elastic force moving from the avoidance state to the clamping state.

[0007] Furthermore, a protruding pull block is provided at the bottom of the outer end of the sliding block, and an avoidance groove is provided at the bottom of the outer end of the radial hole.

[0008] Furthermore, when the inner end surface of the sliding block abuts against the bottom wall of the locking groove, the outer end of the sliding block protrudes from the outer peripheral wall of the ultrasonic knife handle, and the locking sleeve is provided with a sleeve hole sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the ultrasonic knife handle, and the bottom of the sleeve hole is connected to a limiting hole with a contour larger than the sleeve hole, and the sleeve hole and the limiting hole form a step surface. When the locking sleeve is in a locking state, the step surface abuts against the upper end surface of the part of the sliding block protruding from the ultrasonic knife handle, and the limiting hole is surrounded by the outer periphery of the sliding block to prevent the sliding block from being pulled outward from the locking groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the ultrasonic knife handle includes a first shaft segment and a second shaft segment coaxially arranged from bottom to top, the first polygonal hole and the radial hole are both arranged on the first shaft segment, the retaining sleeve is slidably sleeved on the first shaft segment, the contour of the second shaft segment is larger than that of the first shaft segment, and a compression spring is sleeved on the first shaft segment, and the two ends of the compression spring are respectively abutted against the bottom surface of the second shaft segment and the upper end surface of the retaining sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper end surface of the first polygonal column is in contact with the top wall surface of the first polygonal hole.

[0011] Furthermore, a base rod is connected to the lower end of the first polygonal column, the outline of the base rod is larger than the first polygonal column, and the upper end surface of the base rod is in contact with the lower end surface of the ultrasonic knife handle.

[0012] Furthermore, a second polygonal rod is provided at the upper end of the ultrasonic tool handle, a second polygonal hole adapted to the second polygonal rod is provided on the bottom end surface of the machine tool spindle, and the second polygonal rod is inserted into the second polygonal hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the second polygonal rod and the machine tool spindle are provided with corresponding holes for being connected and fixed by screws.

[0014] Furthermore, a positioning hole is provided on the peripheral wall of the second polygonal rod, a threaded hole aligned with the positioning hole is provided on the peripheral wall of the second deformable hole, the screw is connected to the threaded hole, and a positioning column is provided at the inner end of the screw to be inserted into the positioning hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper end surface of the second polygonal rod is in contact with the top end wall of the second deformable hole.

[0016] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] First, the first polygonal column of the gear shaping cutter is precisely matched with the first polygonal hole of the ultrasonic tool holder, ensuring the circumferential positioning and coaxiality of the gear shaping cutter on the machine tool spindle, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy; the sliding clamp is inserted into the clamping groove of the gear shaping cutter, thereby realizing the axial positioning of the gear shaping cutter, and the clamping sleeve blocks the sliding withdrawal of the sliding clamp in the clamping state, ensuring the fixation of the gear shaping cutter during the processing process and preventing safety accidents that may be caused by the loosening of the gear shaping cutter. The design of the clamping sleeve allows the operator to switch between the avoidance state and the clamping state through simple operations, which simplifies the disassembly and installation process of the gear shaping cutter and reduces the requirements for the operator's skills. Disassembly does not require the removal of fasteners, the disassembly steps are simple, the operation is convenient, and the tool changing efficiency is improved.

[0018] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the decomposed state structure;

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of point A;

[0024] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a sliding card block inserted into a card slot;

[0025] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the decomposed state structure;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the card seat sleeve.

[0027] Legend:

[0028] The machine tool spindle 100, the second multi-deformable hole 110, and the threaded hole 111;

[0029] Ultrasonic knife handle 200, first polygonal hole 210, radial hole 220, avoidance groove 221, first shaft section 230, compression spring 231, second shaft section 240, second polygonal rod 250, positioning hole 251, mounting plate 260;

[0030] The gear shaping cutter 300, the first polygonal column 310, the positioning groove 320, and the base rod 330;

[0031] Sliding block 400, pulling block 410;

[0032] The positioning sleeve 500, the sleeve hole 510, the limiting hole 511, and the step surface 512;

[0033] Screw 600 and locking column 610. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0036] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0037] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present utility model are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present utility model.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, an ultrasonic-assisted gear shaping device for machining internal splines includes a machine tool spindle 100, an ultrasonic tool holder 200, a gear shaping cutter 300, a sliding block 400 and a positioning sleeve 500.

[0039] The upper end of the ultrasonic tool handle 200 is detachably connected to the machine tool spindle 100 , and a first polygonal hole 210 is provided on the lower end face of the ultrasonic tool handle 200 . The side wall of the first polygonal hole 210 is provided with a radial hole 220 , and the radial hole 220 passes through the side wall of the first polygonal hole 210 .

[0040] The upper end of the gear shaping cutter 300 is provided with a first polygonal column 310 adapted to the first polygonal hole 210, and the first polygonal column 310 is inserted into the first polygonal hole 210, so that the gear shaping cutter 300 and the ultrasonic tool handle 200 are fixed in the circumferential position, and the gear shaping cutter 300 will not rotate along its own axis relative to the ultrasonic tool handle 200. A positioning groove 320 is provided at the height position of the first polygonal column 310 corresponding to the radial hole 220.

[0041] The sliding block 400 is slidably installed in the radial hole 220 , and the sliding block 400 can move to be engaged with the positioning groove 320 of the gear shaping cutter 300 to achieve axial positioning of the gear shaping cutter 300 , where the axial direction of the gear shaping cutter 300 is the height direction.

[0042] The locking sleeve 500 has an avoidance state for avoiding the sliding path of the sliding block 400 and a locking state for blocking the sliding block 400 from sliding out of the locking groove 320. The locking sleeve 500 is elastically lifted and movably installed on the ultrasonic tool handle 200 so as to be switchable between the avoidance state and the locking state. Of course, in some other embodiments, the locking sleeve 500 can also be elastically lifted and movably installed on the machine tool spindle 100. The locking sleeve 500 is subjected to an elastic force moving from the avoidance state to the locking state, so that when there is no external force, the locking sleeve 500 can maintain the locking state, stably realize the limitation of the sliding block 400 from the outside, so that the sliding block 400 remains inserted into the locking groove 320, and the gear shaping cutter 300 is stably installed.

[0043] The utility model provides an ultrasonic-assisted gear shaping device for machining internal splines. First, the first polygonal column 310 of the gear shaping cutter 300 is accurately matched with the first polygonal hole 210 of the ultrasonic tool handle 200, ensuring the circumferential positioning and coaxiality of the gear shaping cutter 300 on the machine tool spindle 100, thereby ensuring the machining accuracy; the sliding clamping block 400 is clamped into the clamping groove 320 of the gear shaping cutter 300, thereby realizing the axial positioning of the gear shaping cutter 300, and the clamping sleeve 500 blocks the sliding withdrawal of the sliding clamping block 400 in the clamping state, ensuring the fixation of the gear shaping cutter 300 during the machining process, and preventing safety accidents that may be caused by the loosening of the gear shaping cutter 300. The design of the clamping sleeve 500 allows the operator to switch the avoidance state and the clamping state through simple operation, thereby simplifying the disassembly and installation process of the gear shaping cutter 300, reducing the requirements on the operator's skills, and the disassembly does not require the removal of fasteners, the disassembly steps are simple, the operation is convenient, and the tool change efficiency is improved.

[0044] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments of the utility model, a raised pull block 410 is provided at the bottom of the outer end of the sliding block 400, and an avoidance groove 221 is provided at the bottom of the outer end of the radial hole 220. The avoidance groove 221 is convenient for grabbing the pull block 410 with a tool or hand to pull out the sliding block 400, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly.

[0045] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 7In a further embodiment of the present invention, when the inner end surface of the sliding block 400 abuts against the bottom wall of the positioning groove 320, the outer end of the sliding block 400 protrudes from the outer peripheral wall of the ultrasonic knife handle 200, that is, when the sliding block 400 is inserted into the deepest part of the positioning groove 320 and abuts against the bottom wall of the positioning groove 320, there is still a part of the structure protruding from the outer peripheral wall of the ultrasonic knife handle 200, where the inner end is the end facing the central axis of the ultrasonic knife handle 200, and the outer end is the end away from the central axis of the ultrasonic knife handle 200. The locking sleeve 500 is provided with a sleeve hole 510 sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the ultrasonic knife handle 200. The bottom of the sleeve hole 510 is connected with a limiting hole 511 whose contour is larger than the sleeve hole 510. The sleeve hole 510 and the limiting hole 511 form a step surface 512. When the locking sleeve 500 is in the locking state, the step surface 512 abuts against the upper end surface of the portion of the sliding block 400 protruding from the ultrasonic knife handle 200. The limiting hole 511 is arranged around the outer periphery of the sliding block 400 to prevent the sliding block 400 from being pulled outward from the locking groove 320, so as to utilize the sliding block 400 to protrude from the ultrasonic knife handle 200. The part limits the lifting and lowering travel of the locking sleeve 500, and makes the position of the locking sleeve 500 in the locking state stable, and can stably maintain the limiting of the sliding block 400, so that the sliding block 400 remains in the state of being inserted into the locking groove 320, thereby realizing the stable limiting of the gear shaping cutter 300. When the gear shaping cutter 300 needs to be disassembled, it is only necessary to move the locking sleeve 500 upward to the avoidance state to avoid the sliding path of the sliding block 400, and then the sliding block 400 can be pulled out, the axial limiting of the gear shaping cutter 300 can be released, and the gear shaping cutter 300 can be removed.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 In a further embodiment of the utility model, the ultrasonic knife handle 200 includes a first shaft section 230 and a second shaft section 240 which are coaxially arranged from bottom to top, the first polygonal hole 210 and the radial hole 220 are both arranged on the first shaft section 230, and the locking sleeve 500 is slidably sleeved on the first shaft section 230, that is, the diameter of the first shaft section 230 is adapted to the sleeve hole 510. A compression spring 231 is sleeved on the first shaft section 230, and the two ends of the compression spring 231 are respectively against the bottom surface of the second shaft section 240 and the upper end surface of the locking sleeve 500, thereby providing a downward elastic force to the locking sleeve 500, which is used to push the locking sleeve 500 to move from the avoidance state to the locking state. The contour of the second shaft section 240 is larger than that of the first shaft section 230, that is, the diameter of the second shaft section 240 is larger than that of the first shaft section 230, so that part of the surface of the bottom of the second shaft section 240 is exposed for the contact of the compression spring 231, so that the structure is simplified and convenient for processing.

[0047] When the gear shaping cutter 300 cuts the workpiece (spline) downward, it will be subjected to an upward reaction force. In order to prevent the upward reaction force from being concentrated on the sliding block 400, at least one horizontal surface of the gear shaping cutter 300 is in contact with the horizontal surface on the ultrasonic knife handle 200. Specifically, in some embodiments, the upper end surface of the first polygonal column 310 is in contact with the top wall surface of the first polygonal hole 210, so that the upward axial force is transmitted to the ultrasonic knife handle 200 through the upper end of the first polygonal column 310. In order to further disperse the load, in a further embodiment, the lower end of the first polygonal column 310 is connected to a base rod 330. It can be understood that a toothed cutter with teeth is connected to the bottom of the base rod 330. The profile of the base rod 330 is larger than that of the first polygonal column 310, so that the upper end surface of the base rod 330 leaks part of the surface, and the upper end surface of the base rod 330 is in contact with the lower end surface of the ultrasonic knife handle 200, so that the axial force can be transmitted to the ultrasonic knife handle 200 through the upper end surface of the base rod 330, further dispersing the load.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments of the utility model, a second polygonal rod 250 is provided at the upper end of the ultrasonic tool handle 200, and a second multi-deformable hole 110 adapted to the second polygonal rod 250 is provided on the bottom end surface of the machine tool spindle 100. The second polygonal rod 250 is inserted into the second multi-deformable hole 110, so that the ultrasonic tool handle 200 is circumferentially fixed to the machine tool spindle 100, and the ultrasonic tool handle 200 will not rotate along its own axis relative to the machine tool spindle 100, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy. An ultrasonic vibrator can be installed on the ultrasonic tool handle 200 to realize ultrasonic vibration, and transmit the ultrasonic vibration to the gear inserting cutter 300 to realize ultrasonic vibration processing and improve the processing quality. The ultrasonic vibrator can be a piezoelectric ceramic, which can be embedded in the groove of the outer peripheral wall of the ultrasonic tool handle 200, or can be as Figure 2 As shown, a mounting plate 260 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the ultrasonic tool handle 200 to facilitate the installation of piezoelectric ceramics through fasteners.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the second polygonal rod 250 and the machine tool spindle 100 are provided with corresponding holes for connection and fixation by screws 600 to achieve stable connection and fixation.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In a further embodiment of the utility model, a positioning hole 251 is provided on the peripheral wall of the second polygonal rod 250, a threaded hole 111 aligned with the positioning hole 251 is provided on the peripheral wall of the second polygonal hole 110, a screw 600 is connected to the threaded hole 111, and a positioning column 610 is provided at the inner end of the screw 600 for inserting into the positioning hole 251, so that the second polygonal rod 250 is fixed by using the positioning column 610.

[0051] Reference Figure 2In a further embodiment of the utility model, the upper end surface of the second polygonal rod 250 is in contact with the top wall of the second deformable hole 110, so that during processing, the upward reaction force will be transmitted to the main shaft through the upper end surface of the second polygonal rod 250, avoiding the concentration of force on the screw 600.

[0052] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may be subject to various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic assisted gear shaping device for machining internal splines, characterized in that: include: Machine tool spindle (100); An ultrasonic tool handle (200), the upper end of which is detachably connected to a machine tool spindle (100), the lower end surface of which is provided with a first polygonal hole (210), the side wall of the first polygonal hole (210) being provided with a radial hole (220), the radial hole (220) penetrating the side wall of the first polygonal hole (210); A gear shaping cutter (300) is provided with a first polygonal column (310) adapted to the first polygonal hole (210) at its upper end, the first polygonal column (310) is inserted into the first polygonal hole (210), and a positioning groove (320) is provided at a height position corresponding to the radial hole (220); A sliding block (400) is slidably mounted on the radial hole (220) and can be moved to engage in a positioning groove (320) of the gear shaping cutter (300) to achieve axial positioning of the gear shaping cutter (300); The locking sleeve (500) has an avoidance state for avoiding the sliding path of the sliding block (400) and a locking state for blocking the sliding block (400) from sliding out of the locking groove (320). The locking sleeve (500) is elastically lifted and movably installed on the ultrasonic tool handle (200) or the machine tool spindle (100) so as to be switchable between the avoidance state and the locking state. The locking sleeve (500) is subjected to an elastic force moving from the avoidance state to the locking state.

2. The ultrasonic-assisted gear shaping device for machining internal splines according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protruding pull block (410) is provided at the bottom of the outer end of the sliding block (400), and an avoidance groove (221) is provided at the bottom of the outer end of the radial hole (220).

3. The ultrasonic-assisted gear shaping device for machining internal splines according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the inner end surface of the sliding block (400) abuts against the bottom wall of the locking groove (320), the outer end of the sliding block (400) protrudes from the outer peripheral wall of the ultrasonic knife handle (200); a sleeve hole (510) sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the ultrasonic knife handle (200) is provided in the locking sleeve (500); the bottom of the sleeve hole (510) is connected to a limiting hole (511) whose profile is larger than the sleeve hole (510); the sleeve hole (510) and the limiting hole (511) form a step surface (512); when the locking sleeve (500) is in a locking state, the step surface (512) abuts against the upper end surface of the portion of the sliding block (400) protruding from the ultrasonic knife handle (200); the limiting hole (511) is arranged around the outer periphery of the sliding block (400) to prevent the sliding block (400) from being withdrawn outward from the locking groove (320).

4. The ultrasonic-assisted gear shaping device for machining internal splines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ultrasonic knife handle (200) comprises a first shaft section (230) and a second shaft section (240) which are coaxially arranged in sequence from bottom to top, the first polygonal hole (210) and the radial hole (220) are both arranged on the first shaft section (230), the retaining sleeve (500) is slidably sleeved on the first shaft section (230), the second shaft section (240) has a larger profile than the first shaft section (230), a compression spring (231) is sleeved on the first shaft section (230), and two ends of the compression spring (231) are respectively abutted against the bottom surface of the second shaft section (240) and the upper end surface of the retaining sleeve (500).

5. The ultrasonic assisted gear shaping device for machining internal splines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the first polygonal column (310) is in contact with the top wall surface of the first polygonal hole (210).

6. The ultrasonic-assisted gear shaping device for machining internal splines according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the first polygonal column (310) is connected to a base rod (330), the outline of the base rod (330) is larger than that of the first polygonal column (310), and the upper end surface of the base rod (330) is in contact with the lower end surface of the ultrasonic knife handle (200).

7. The ultrasonic-assisted gear shaping device for machining internal splines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the ultrasonic tool handle (200) is provided with a second polygonal rod (250), the bottom end surface of the machine tool spindle (100) is provided with a second polygonal hole (110) adapted to the second polygonal rod (250), and the second polygonal rod (250) is inserted into the second polygonal hole (110).

8. The ultrasonic-assisted gear shaping device for machining internal splines according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second polygonal rod (250) and the machine tool spindle (100) are provided with corresponding holes so as to be connected and fixed by screws (600).

9. The ultrasonic-assisted gear shaping device for machining internal splines according to claim 8, characterized in that: The peripheral wall of the second polygonal rod (250) is provided with a positioning hole (251), the peripheral wall of the second deformable hole (110) is provided with a threaded hole (111) aligned with the positioning hole (251), the screw (600) is connected to the threaded hole (111), and the inner end of the screw (600) is provided with a positioning column (610) inserted into the positioning hole (251).

10. The ultrasonic-assisted gear shaping device for machining internal splines according to claim 9, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the second polygonal rod (250) is in contact with the top end wall of the second deformable hole (110).

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