Battery and electric device

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a battery and an electric device, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The battery comprises a box body, battery monomers and a collecting mechanism, the box body forms a first cavity and a second cavity, and the box body is provided with a pressure relief mechanism communicating the second cavity with the outside; the battery monomer is accommodated in the first cavity; and the collecting mechanism is mounted in the second cavity, and is used for expanding to collect flue gas and discharging at least part of air in the second cavity through the pressure relief mechanism under the condition that the battery monomers are in thermal runaway to generate the flue gas. According to the application, the thermal runaway flue gas can be collected, the thermal runaway high-temperature flue gas is reduced or prevented from being discharged into the external atmosphere, the harm of the thermal runaway flue gas is reduced, the safety of the battery is improved, and at least part of extruded air in the second cavity can be discharged through the pressure relief mechanism after the collection mechanism expands, so that the safety of the battery is improved. The pressure in the battery is stabilized, and the battery explosion risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and more particularly, to a battery and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] In general power batteries, in order to obtain sufficient power, multiple battery cells are usually stacked in an arrangement in the battery box. However, the battery cells will generate a lot of heat during the continuous charging and discharging process, which will cause the internal temperature of the battery to rise, and the structure of stacking multiple battery cells will aggravate this phenomenon.

[0003] When the temperature inside the battery is abnormal, thermal runaway will occur and a large amount of high-temperature smoke will be generated. Usually, the solution to battery thermal runaway is to discharge the thermal runaway smoke directly out of the battery to reduce the pressure inside the battery. However, the high-temperature smoke from thermal runaway is prone to explosion or secondary damage due to external igniters, so it needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application provides a battery and an electrical device to reduce the hazards of thermal runaway smoke and improve the safety of the battery.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, comprising: a box body, a battery cell and a collecting mechanism, wherein the box body forms a first cavity and a second cavity, and the box body is provided with a pressure relief mechanism connecting the second cavity and the outside; the battery cell is accommodated in the first cavity; the collecting mechanism is installed in the second cavity, and the collecting mechanism is used to expand to collect the smoke and discharge at least part of the air in the second cavity through the pressure relief mechanism when the battery cell generates smoke due to thermal runaway.

[0006] In the above technical solution, on the one hand, by arranging a collecting mechanism in the second cavity of the battery, the thermal runaway smoke can be collected, reducing or avoiding the discharge of high-temperature smoke from thermal runaway into the outside atmosphere, reducing the harm of thermal runaway smoke, and improving the safety of the battery; on the other hand, by arranging a pressure relief mechanism, at least part of the squeezed air in the second cavity can be discharged through the pressure relief mechanism after the collecting mechanism expands, so as to stabilize the pressure in the battery, so as to further improve the safety of the battery and reduce the risk of explosion.

[0007] In some embodiments, a control valve is provided at the inlet of the collecting mechanism. When the control valve is opened, the collecting mechanism is connected to the first cavity. When the control valve is closed, the collecting mechanism is isolated from the first cavity.

[0008] In some embodiments, the control valve is configured to open upon detecting that the pressure in the first chamber reaches a target pressure;

[0009] And / or, the control valve is configured to open when it is detected that the temperature in the first cavity reaches a target temperature.

[0010] In some embodiments, the inlet of the collection mechanism is provided with a one-way valve that conducts one-way flow from the first cavity to the collection mechanism.

[0011] In some embodiments, at least one of a cooling mechanism and a filtering mechanism is provided between the inlet of the collecting mechanism and the first cavity, the cooling mechanism is used to reduce the temperature of the smoke, and the filtering mechanism is used to filter at least part of the solid particles in the smoke.

[0012] In some embodiments, the battery further comprises a flue gas processor, which is arranged in the collection mechanism and is used for absorbing combustible gas in the flue gas.

[0013] In some embodiments, the box body includes a hollow beam, and the second cavity is formed in the beam.

[0014] In some embodiments, an exhaust bin and an air guide mechanism are provided in the box body, the exhaust bin forms the second cavity located outside the air guide mechanism, the air guide mechanism forms an exhaust channel toward the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell, and the inlet of the collecting mechanism is connected to the exhaust channel.

[0015] In some embodiments, the air guide mechanism is provided with an isolator, which divides the exhaust channel into a first channel facing the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell and a second channel connected to the inlet of the collecting mechanism, and the isolator includes at least one of a cooling mechanism and a filtering mechanism.

[0016] In some embodiments, the isolation member includes a plurality of porous plates disposed at intervals.

[0017] In some embodiments, the collecting mechanism is provided on both sides of the gas guiding mechanism.

[0018] In some embodiments, the collection mechanism comprises a thin film bladder or air bag.

[0019] In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism includes a through hole provided in the box body;

[0020] Alternatively, the pressure relief mechanism comprises a through hole provided in the box body and a filter element installed in the through hole;

[0021] Alternatively, the pressure relief mechanism includes a through hole provided in the box body and a pressure relief valve installed in the through hole, and the pressure relief valve is used to open or close the through hole.

[0022] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, comprising: a battery as described in any one of the above, wherein the battery is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0023] The battery described in any of the above items has a collection mechanism that can collect thermal runaway smoke, reduce or avoid the emission of high-temperature smoke from thermal runaway into the outside atmosphere, reduce the hazards of thermal runaway smoke, and improve the safety of the battery. Therefore, the safety of the electrical device with the battery is higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 One of the structural explosion diagrams of the battery provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 The second structural explosion diagram of the battery provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the collection mechanism provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 The second structural diagram of the collection mechanism provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 The third structural diagram of the collection mechanism provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 A fourth structural diagram of a collection mechanism provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an isolation member provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Fig. 9 The third structural explosion diagram of the battery provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0036] Reference numerals:

[0037] Vehicle 1, battery 10, box 11, first box body 111, second box body 112, beam 113, air guide mechanism 114, exhaust channel 1141, first cavity 115, exhaust chamber 116, battery cell 12;

[0038] Collection mechanism 13, air bag 131, control valve 132, isolation member 14, porous plate 141, pressure relief mechanism 15;

[0039] Motor 20 and controller 30 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meanings as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of this application; the terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary and secondary relationship.

[0042] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] The term "and / or" in this application is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0045] The term "multiple" as used in this application refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple sheets" refers to more than two sheets (including two sheets).

[0046] The battery cells mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The battery cells may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other shapes, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0047] The battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery mentioned in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack. The battery generally includes a box for encapsulating one or more battery cells or multiple battery modules. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.

[0048] The battery cell includes a shell, an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the shell is used to contain the electrode assembly and the electrolyte. The electrode assembly is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator. The battery cell mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to work. The positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode collector and a positive electrode active material layer. The positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode collector. The positive electrode collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer. The positive electrode collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer serves as a positive electrode ear. Taking lithium-ion batteries as an example, the material of the positive electrode collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganese oxide, etc. The negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer. The negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode current collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer. The negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer serves as a negative electrode tab. The material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon, etc. In order to ensure that a large current passes without melting, the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together.

[0049] The material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene), etc. In addition, the electrode assembly may be a winding structure or a stacked structure, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0050] In recent years, new energy vehicles have developed by leaps and bounds. In the field of electric vehicles, power batteries, as the power source of electric vehicles, play an irreplaceable and important role. The battery consists of a box and multiple battery cells contained in the box. Among them, batteries, as core components of new energy vehicles, have high requirements in terms of safety and cycle life.

[0051] In general power batteries, in order to make the battery obtain sufficient power, multiple battery cells in the battery box are usually stacked in an arrangement. However, the battery cells will generate a lot of heat during the continuous charging and discharging process, which will cause the internal temperature of the battery to rise, and the structure of multiple battery cells stacked will aggravate this phenomenon. The inventors found that when the internal temperature of the battery is abnormal, thermal runaway will occur. Battery thermal runaway will produce a large amount of high-temperature smoke. Usually, the solution to battery thermal runaway is to discharge the thermal runaway smoke directly out of the battery to reduce the pressure inside the battery. However, the high-temperature smoke caused by thermal runaway is easy to cause explosion or secondary damage due to external igniters, such as personal injury, combustion of external combustibles or damage to adjacent vehicles, etc., which can easily cause panic among people, and firefighting actions are very difficult.

[0052] Based on the above considerations, in order to better deal with a large amount of high-temperature flue gas generated when the battery thermal runaways, the inventors have designed a battery and an electrical device after in-depth research. The battery includes a case, a battery cell and a collecting mechanism. The case forms a first cavity and a second cavity, and the case is provided with a pressure relief mechanism connecting the second cavity and the outside; the battery cell is accommodated in the first cavity; the collecting mechanism is installed in the second cavity, and the collecting mechanism is used to expand to collect the smoke and discharge at least part of the air in the second cavity through the pressure relief mechanism when the battery cell thermal runaway generates smoke.

[0053] In a battery of this structure, on the one hand, by arranging a collecting mechanism in the second cavity of the battery, the thermal runaway smoke can be collected, reducing or avoiding the discharge of high-temperature smoke from thermal runaway into the outside atmosphere, reducing the harm of the thermal runaway smoke, and improving the safety of the battery; on the other hand, by arranging a pressure relief mechanism, at least part of the squeezed air in the second cavity can be discharged through the pressure relief mechanism after the collecting mechanism expands, so as to stabilize the pressure in the battery, thereby further improving the safety of the battery and reducing the risk of explosion.

[0054] The battery disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be used in, but not limited to, electrical devices such as vehicles, ships or aircraft. A power supply system having the battery disclosed in the present application and the like can be used to form the electrical device.

[0055] The embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery as a power source, and the electric device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, etc. Among them, the electric toy may include a fixed or mobile electric toy, for example, a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, an electric airplane toy, etc., and the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, etc.

[0056] For the convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking a vehicle as an example of an electrical device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0057] like Figure 1As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present application. The vehicle 1 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A motor 20, a controller 30 and a battery 10 may be arranged inside the vehicle 1. The controller 30 is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 20. For example, a battery 10 may be arranged at the bottom, front or rear of the vehicle 1. The battery 10 may be used to power the vehicle 1. For example, the battery 10 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1, for the circuit system of the vehicle 1, for example, for the working power requirements during the start-up, navigation and operation of the vehicle 1. In another embodiment of the present application, the battery 10 may not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.

[0058] In order to meet different power usage requirements, the battery 10 may include a plurality of battery cells 12 , wherein the plurality of battery cells 12 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in hybrid connection, where hybrid connection refers to a mixture of series connection and parallel connection.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, it is an exploded view of the structure of a battery 10 of an embodiment of the present application. The battery 10 includes a box body 11 and a plurality of battery cells 12, and the battery cells 12 are used to be accommodated in the box body 11. Among them, the box body 11 is used to provide an assembly space for the battery cells 12, and the box body 11 can adopt a variety of structures. In some embodiments, the box body 11 may include a first box body 111 and a second box body 112, and the first box body 111 and the second box body 112 cover each other, and the first box body 111 and the second box body 112 jointly define an assembly space for accommodating the battery cells 12. The second box body 112 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first box body 111 can be a plate-like structure. The first box body 111 covers the open side of the second box body 112, so that the first box body 111 and the second box body 112 jointly define an assembly space; the first box body 111 and the second box body 112 can also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first box body 111 covers the open side of the second box body 112. Of course, the box body 11 formed by the first box body 111 and the second box body 112 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0060] In the battery 10, multiple battery cells 12 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection. A mixed connection means that multiple battery cells 12 are connected in series and in parallel. Multiple battery cells 12 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by multiple battery cells 12 is accommodated in the box 11; of course, the battery 10 can also be a battery 10 module formed by multiple battery cells 12 connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and multiple battery 10 modules are then connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in the box 11. The battery 10 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 10 may also include a converging component for realizing electrical connection between multiple battery cells 12.

[0061] Each battery cell 12 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery, or a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto. The battery cell 12 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or in other shapes.

[0062] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 3 , and please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 Second structural exploded diagram of a battery 10 provided in some embodiments of the present application. The present application provides a battery 10, the battery 10 comprising a housing 11, a battery cell 12 and a collecting mechanism 13, the housing 11 forming a first cavity 115 and a second cavity, the housing 11 being provided with a pressure relief mechanism 15 connecting the second cavity and the outside; the battery cell 12 being accommodated in the first cavity 115; the collecting mechanism 13 being installed in the second cavity, the collecting mechanism 13 being used to expand to collect the smoke generated by the thermal runaway when the battery cell 12 generates smoke due to thermal runaway, and to discharge at least part of the squeezed air in the second cavity through the pressure relief mechanism 15.

[0063] Among them, the box body 11 is used to provide storage space for the battery cells 12 and the collection mechanism 13. The box body 11 includes a crossbeam, a longitudinal beam and a side beam. The crossbeam, the longitudinal beam and the side beam cooperate to divide the storage space of the box body 11 into multiple first cavities 115. The battery cells 12 are placed in the first cavities 115.

[0064] The pressure relief mechanism 15 connects the second cavity with the outside. After the battery 10 thermally runs away and generates smoke, causing the collecting mechanism 13 to expand, the collecting mechanism 13 squeezes at least part of the air in the second cavity. The squeezed air is discharged through the pressure relief mechanism 15 to stabilize the pressure in the battery 10 and provide more expansion space for the collecting mechanism 13, thereby improving the collection effect.

[0065] The second cavity may be located in the first cavity 115 , in the beam 113 of the box body 11 , or in the exhaust cavity of the box body 11 , and may be specifically arranged according to the actual structure of the box body 11 .

[0066] The collecting mechanism 13 is arranged in the exhaust path of the smoke or integrated at the end of the exhaust path. When the battery 10 is working normally, the collecting mechanism 13 is in a retracted state. Figure 4 and Figure 6 ; When the battery 10 generates smoke due to thermal runaway, it expands from time to time to provide storage space for the collected smoke, see Figure 5 and Figure 7 , thereby reducing or eliminating visible smoke and flammable gases leaking from the battery 10 , reducing or eliminating the possibility of secondary harm to the outside world caused by high-temperature smoke caused by thermal runaway, and improving the safety of the battery 10 .

[0067] In a battery 10 of this structure, on the one hand, by providing a collecting mechanism 13 in the second cavity of the battery 10, the thermal runaway smoke can be collected, reducing or avoiding the discharge of high-temperature smoke caused by thermal runaway into the outside atmosphere, reducing the harm of the thermal runaway smoke, and improving the safety of the battery 10; on the other hand, by providing a pressure relief mechanism 15, at least part of the air squeezed in the second cavity can be discharged through the pressure relief mechanism 15 after the collecting mechanism 13 expands, so as to stabilize the pressure in the battery 10, so as to further improve the safety of the battery 10 and reduce the risk of explosion.

[0068] In some embodiments, Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the collecting mechanism 13 includes a thin film airbag or airbag 131, which expands when the battery 10 thermally runs away to provide a storage space for smoke.

[0069] The film airbag or airbag 131 can be designed to be composed of one or more material combinations such as nylon, plastic, metal, aluminum-plastic film and kraft paper.

[0070] In some embodiments, Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, a control valve 132 is provided at the inlet of the collecting mechanism 13 . When the control valve 132 is opened, the collecting mechanism 13 is connected to the first cavity 115 . When the control valve 132 is closed, the collecting mechanism 13 is isolated from the first cavity 115 .

[0071] The control valve 132 is used to control the opening or closing of the collecting mechanism 13. The control valve 132 can control the collecting mechanism 13 not to operate when the battery 10 is normal, and control the collecting mechanism 13 to open to collect uncontrolled smoke when the battery 10 is abnormal.

[0072] In some embodiments, the control valve 132 is configured to open when the pressure in the first cavity 115 reaches a target pressure. When the pressure in the first cavity 115 reaches the target pressure, it indicates that an abnormality has occurred in the battery 10. The collecting mechanism 13 expands to collect the gas in the first cavity 115, thereby reducing the pressure in the first cavity 115, stabilizing the pressure inside the battery 10, preventing the battery 10 from exploding, and improving the safety of the battery 10.

[0073] In some embodiments, the control valve 132 is turned on when it is detected that the temperature reaches the target temperature. When the temperature inside the battery 10 reaches the target temperature, it indicates that the battery 10 has thermal runaway. The control valve 132 controls the collection mechanism 13 to be connected with the first cavity 115 to collect the thermal runaway smoke in the first cavity 115, thereby reducing the emission of high-temperature smoke from thermal runaway into the outside atmosphere, reducing the hazards of thermal runaway smoke, and improving the safety of the battery 10. At the same time, the pressure in the first cavity 115 is reduced, the pressure inside the battery 10 is stabilized, and the possibility of explosion of the battery 10 is reduced.

[0074] In some embodiments, the control valve 132 is configured to open when the pressure of the first chamber 115 reaches a target pressure and the temperature is detected to reach a target temperature.

[0075] In this embodiment, the control valve 132 uses the dual indicators of pressure and temperature of the environment inside the battery 10 as opening instructions, which can improve the accuracy of monitoring thermal runaway of the battery 10, reduce false opening, and increase the service life of the collection mechanism 13.

[0076] In some embodiments, the entrance of the collecting mechanism 13 is provided with a one-way valve that conducts one-way traffic from the first cavity 115 to the collecting mechanism 13, so that the smoke can only flow from the first cavity 115 to the collecting mechanism 13, thereby reducing the thermal runaway gas from escaping again after entering the collecting mechanism 13, thereby improving the reliability of the collecting mechanism 13.

[0077] In some embodiments, a one-way valve and a control valve 132 are provided at the inlet of the collecting mechanism 13 to improve the reliability of the collecting mechanism 13 .

[0078] In some embodiments, at least one of a cooling mechanism and a filtering mechanism is provided between the inlet of the collecting mechanism 13 and the first cavity 115 . The cooling mechanism is used to reduce the temperature of the smoke, and the filtering mechanism is used to filter at least part of the solid particles in the smoke.

[0079] Among them, the cooling mechanism is used to lower the temperature of the flue gas so that the temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas is reduced to a temperature threshold that the collecting mechanism 13 can withstand, thereby protecting the collecting mechanism 13 and extending the life of the collecting mechanism 13; at the same time, the temperature of the flue gas can be reduced to shrink the volume of the flue gas, thereby increasing the collection amount of the flue gas by the collecting mechanism 13 and improving the collection effect.

[0080] The filtering mechanism can filter solid particles in the thermal runaway flue gas to reduce the damage of high-temperature particles to the collecting mechanism 13, see Figure 8 The filter mechanism is provided with a plurality of filter holes, and the diameter of the filter holes is set according to the particle size of the solid particles in the flue gas.

[0081] In some embodiments, the battery 10 further includes a flue gas processor, which is arranged in the collection mechanism 13 and is used to absorb combustible gases in the flue gas.

[0082] It should be noted that the main components of the thermal runaway flue gas are high-temperature particulate matter and combustible gas. After a long period of static treatment by the collecting mechanism 13, the particulate matter in the thermal runaway flue gas settles smoothly, the electrolyte and water vapor condense, and only a part of the combustible gas remains.

[0083] The flue gas processor is mainly used to process the combustible components in the combustible gas. The flue gas processor is provided with an absorbent, which can physically adsorb and / or chemically absorb the combustible gas.

[0084] The absorbent may be at least one of the following three materials:

[0085] First, the adsorbent includes microporous adsorbent.

[0086] In this embodiment, the adsorption module physically absorbs the flue gas, the microporous adsorption material may be a material with a microporous structure, such as activated carbon, silica gel or alumina balls, etc., and the adsorption object is particulate matter in the combustible gas.

[0087] Second, adsorbents include chemical adsorbents.

[0088] In this embodiment, the adsorption module chemically absorbs the combustible gas. The chemical adsorption substance can chemically react with certain substances in the combustible gas or promote the chemical reaction of the treatment object, such as anhydrous calcium chloride, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, calcium oxide or precious metal catalysts, so as to reduce the combustible gas component in the combustible gas.

[0089] Third, adsorbents include microporous adsorbents and chemical adsorbents.

[0090] In this embodiment, the adsorption module physically and chemically absorbs the flue gas, and the absorption object is the electrolyte vapor, water vapor or volatile organic compound gas in the combustible gas, so as to further reduce the visible mist and combustible gas components in the combustible gas.

[0091] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the box body 11 includes a hollow beam 113 , and a second cavity is formed in the beam 113 .

[0092] The hollow beam 113 may be a transverse beam, a longitudinal beam or a side beam. The transverse beam, the longitudinal beam and the side beam cooperate to divide the storage space of the box body 11 into a plurality of first cavities 115 , and the battery cells 12 are placed in the first cavities 115 .

[0093] By setting the beam 113 as a hollow structure, the collecting mechanism 13 can be installed in the beam 113 to form a second cavity, thereby reducing the encroachment of the collecting mechanism 13 on the space of the box body 11 and reducing the impact of the collecting mechanism 13 on the energy density of the battery 10.

[0094] In some embodiments, in order to smoothly fill the beam 113 after the collection mechanism 13 is opened and avoid the difficulty of expansion caused by structural obstruction during the expansion of the collection mechanism 13, the collection mechanism 13 can be designed as a conformable film airbag, which can be more smoothly inflated and fill the beam 113 after the collection mechanism 13 is opened.

[0095] In some embodiments, the collecting mechanism 13 is placed inside the crossbeam so that the film airbag can be inflated smoothly and fill the crossbeam.

[0096] In some embodiments, the battery 10 structure is designed with the explosion-proof valve facing downward. Fig. 9 As shown, an exhaust chamber 116 and an air guide mechanism 114 are provided in the box body 11. The exhaust chamber 116 forms a second cavity located outside the air guide mechanism 114. The air guide mechanism 114 forms an exhaust channel 1141 toward the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 12. The inlet of the collecting mechanism 13 is connected to the exhaust channel 1141.

[0097] By installing the collecting mechanism 13 in the gas guide mechanism 114 , the space of the gas guide mechanism 114 can be reasonably utilized, the occupation of the space of the box body 11 by the collecting mechanism 13 can be reduced, and the influence of the collecting mechanism 13 on the energy density of the battery 10 can be reduced.

[0098] The exhaust chamber 116 is provided with a pressure relief mechanism 15 , and the pressure relief mechanism 15 is used to relieve the pressure of the exhaust chamber 116 during the expansion process of the collecting mechanism 13 .

[0099] The air guide mechanism 114 is used to ensure the braking space for the explosion-proof valve to open normally, and has the function of restricting the exhaust channel 1141 for the thermal runaway gas.

[0100] like Fig.10 and 11 As shown, the air guide mechanism 114 is provided with an isolation member 14, which divides the exhaust channel 1141 into a first channel facing the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 12 and a second channel connected to the inlet of the collecting mechanism 13, and the isolation member 14 includes at least one of a cooling mechanism and a filtering mechanism.

[0101] Among them, the cooling mechanism is used to lower the temperature of the flue gas so that the temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas is reduced to a temperature threshold that the collecting mechanism 13 can withstand, thereby protecting the collecting mechanism 13 and extending the life of the collecting mechanism 13; at the same time, lowering the temperature of the flue gas can shrink the volume of the flue gas, thereby increasing the collection amount of the flue gas by the collecting mechanism 13 and improving the collection effect.

[0102] The filtering mechanism can filter solid particles in the thermal runaway flue gas to reduce the damage of high-temperature particles to the collecting mechanism 13, see Fig.11 The filter mechanism is provided with a plurality of filter holes, and the diameter of the filter holes is set according to the particle size of the solid particles in the flue gas.

[0103] In some embodiments, Fig.11 As shown, the spacer 14 includes a plurality of porous plates 141 arranged at intervals. The porous plates 141 can have filtering and / or cooling functions. When the porous plates 141 contain cooling media such as water or ethanol, the porous plates 141 can have filtering and cooling functions; when the porous plates 141 are solid filter plates, the porous plates 141 can have filtering functions.

[0104] Among them, the porous plates 141 include multiple ones, which can improve the cooling and temperature reduction effect on the high-temperature flue gas in thermal runaway, play a certain protective role on the collecting mechanism 13, increase the amount of flue gas collected by the collecting mechanism 13, and improve the collection efficiency.

[0105] In some embodiments, the porous plate 141 may be a metal sheet. By providing the porous plate 141, the flue gas temperature can be lowered through rapid heat exchange between the metal sheet and the flue gas while isolating high-temperature particulate matter in thermal runaway.

[0106] In some embodiments, a material capable of phase change and heat absorption, such as a water bag, can be added between the porous plates 141. When the smoke touches the water bag film, the water bag ruptures and the water phase changes and absorbs heat; or the porous plates 141 are phase change composite materials that are compatible with the functions of phase change heat absorption and interception and filtration.

[0107] In some embodiments, Fig.11 As shown, there are collecting mechanisms 13 on both sides of the air guide mechanism 114 to further increase the amount of smoke collected by the collecting mechanism 13, reduce or avoid the discharge of high-temperature smoke from thermal runaway into the outside atmosphere, reduce the harm of thermal runaway smoke, and improve the safety of the battery 10.

[0108] In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism 15 includes a through hole provided in the box body 11. When the collecting mechanism 13 expands, at least part of the squeezed air in the second cavity can be discharged from the through hole to stabilize the pressure of the environment in the battery 10. The structure is simple.

[0109] In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism 15 includes a through hole provided in the box body 11 and a filter installed in the through hole. When the collecting mechanism 13 expands, at least part of the squeezed air in the second cavity can be discharged from the through hole. The filter can filter and isolate the internal and external environments of the battery 10 to protect the internal environment of the battery 10.

[0110] In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism 15 includes a through hole provided in the box body 11 and a pressure relief valve installed in the through hole, and the pressure relief valve is used to open or close the through hole. The pressure relief valve can be set to be pressure-driven and / or temperature-driven, so that the through hole is closed when the pressure and / or temperature of the battery 10 is normal, and the through hole is opened when the pressure and / or temperature of the battery 10 is abnormal, which not only plays a role in pressure relief, but also plays a role in sealing when the battery 10 is working normally, so as to protect the internal environment of the battery 10.

[0111] According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides an electrical device, comprising any of the above-mentioned batteries 10, and the battery 10 is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0112] The battery 10 of any of the above items has a collection mechanism 13, which can collect thermal runaway smoke, reduce or avoid the emission of high-temperature smoke from thermal runaway into the outside atmosphere, reduce the harm of thermal runaway smoke, and improve the safety of the battery 10. Therefore, the safety of the electrical device with the battery 10 is higher.

[0113] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other.

[0114] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized in that: include: A box body, wherein the box body forms a first cavity and a second cavity, and the box body is provided with a pressure relief mechanism connecting the second cavity and the outside; A battery cell, the battery cell being accommodated in the first cavity; A collecting mechanism is installed in the second cavity, and is used for expanding to collect the smoke and discharge at least part of the air in the second cavity through the pressure relief mechanism when the battery cell generates smoke due to thermal runaway.

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The inlet of the collecting mechanism is provided with a control valve. When the control valve is opened, the collecting mechanism is connected with the first cavity. When the control valve is closed, the collecting mechanism is isolated from the first cavity.

3. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that The control valve is configured to open when it is detected that the pressure in the first chamber reaches a target pressure; And / or, the control valve is configured to open when it is detected that the temperature in the first cavity reaches a target temperature.

4. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that A one-way valve is disposed at the inlet of the collecting mechanism, which conducts one-way flow from the first cavity to the inside of the collecting mechanism.

5. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that At least one of a cooling mechanism and a filtering mechanism is provided between the inlet of the collecting mechanism and the first cavity, the cooling mechanism is used to reduce the temperature of the smoke, and the filtering mechanism is used to filter at least part of the solid particles in the smoke.

6. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: A flue gas processor is arranged in the collecting mechanism and is used for absorbing combustible gases in the flue gas.

7. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The box body includes a hollow beam, and the second cavity is formed in the beam.

8. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that An exhaust chamber and an air guide mechanism are provided in the box body, the exhaust chamber forms the second cavity located outside the air guide mechanism, the air guide mechanism forms an exhaust channel toward the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell, and the inlet of the collecting mechanism is connected to the exhaust channel.

9. The battery according to claim 8, characterized in that The air guide mechanism is provided with an isolator, which divides the exhaust channel into a first channel facing the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell and a second channel connected to the inlet of the collecting mechanism, and the isolator includes at least one of a cooling mechanism and a filtering mechanism.

10. The battery according to claim 9, characterized in that The separator includes a plurality of porous plates arranged at intervals.

11. The battery according to claim 8, characterized in that The collecting mechanisms are provided on both sides of the air guide mechanism.

12. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that The collecting mechanism comprises a film airbag or an air bag.

13. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that The pressure relief mechanism comprises a through hole provided in the box body; Alternatively, the pressure relief mechanism comprises a through hole provided in the box body and a filter element installed in the through hole; Alternatively, the pressure relief mechanism includes a through hole provided in the box body and a pressure relief valve installed in the through hole, and the pressure relief valve is used to open or close the through hole.

14. An electrical device, characterized in that: include: The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the battery is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

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