Antenna unit and communication equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and discloses an antenna unit and communication equipment, the antenna unit comprises a dielectric layer, a first radiation patch, a second radiation patch and a grounding layer, the first radiation patch is arranged on a first surface, and the first radiation patch is provided with a first gap; the first radiation patch is arranged on the first surface, the second radiation patch is arranged on the first surface, a second gap is formed in the second radiation patch, the second radiation patch and the first radiation patch are symmetrically arranged relative to the diagonal line of the dielectric layer, and the grounding layer is arranged on the second unit. By means of the mode, the trapped wave with the independently controllable center frequency can be further introduced, the advantages of being small in size, easy to manufacture and the like are achieved, and the inhibition capacity for in-band interference is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to an antenna unit and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] Multiple-input multiple-output MIMO technology uses multiple antennas at both the receiving and transmitting ends to transmit signals and achieve spatial diversity of channels, thereby effectively improving spectrum utilization, increasing channel capacity, and improving communication quality. It is considered to be an important way to achieve high-speed data transmission and improve transmission quality in future mobile communications and personal communication systems. It can fully tap and utilize spatial resources, maximize spectrum utilization and power efficiency, and become the key to the research of next-generation mobile communications.

[0003] During the implementation of the embodiments of the present application, the inventors found that: currently, the methods for achieving in-band notch waves mainly include loading lumped elements (such as inductors and capacitors) and using metamaterials. However, in miniaturized MIMO antennas, the application of these methods is restricted by space limitations and performance requirements. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the embodiments of the present application is to provide an antenna unit, which can change the direction of the current by setting a first gap in the first radiation patch, thereby introducing a notch with a separately controllable center frequency, and has the advantages of miniaturization and easy manufacturing, and has improved the ability to suppress in-band interference.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in an embodiment of the present application is: providing an antenna unit, including a dielectric layer, a first radiation patch, a second radiation patch and a ground layer, wherein the dielectric layer is arranged on the first surface, and the first radiation patch is provided with a first gap; the second radiation patch is arranged on the first surface, and the second radiation patch is provided with a second gap, and the second radiation patch and the first radiation patch are symmetrically arranged about the diagonal of the dielectric layer, and the ground layer is arranged in the second unit.

[0006] The first radiation patch includes a first trapezoidal radiation portion and a second trapezoidal radiation portion, the first trapezoidal radiation portion is connected to the second trapezoidal radiation portion through the first gap, a first feed line extends from one end of the second trapezoidal radiation portion, and the first feed line is perpendicular to the dielectric layer.

[0007] Optionally, the first gap is an L-shaped gap.

[0008] The second radiation patch includes a third trapezoidal radiation portion and a fourth trapezoidal radiation portion, the third trapezoidal radiation portion is connected to the fourth trapezoidal radiation portion through the second gap, a second feed line extends from one end of the fourth trapezoidal radiation portion, and the second feed line is perpendicular to the dielectric layer.

[0009] Optionally, the second gap is an L-shaped gap.

[0010] Optionally, the ground layer includes a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion, and the first conductive portion is connected to the second conductive portion.

[0011] Optionally, the first conductive portion includes a first rectangular conductive portion, a second rectangular conductive portion extends from one end of the first rectangular conductive portion, a third rectangular conductive portion extends from the other end of the first rectangular conductive portion, and the first rectangular conductive portion is connected to the second conductive portion.

[0012] Optionally, the ground layer is further provided with a first slot and a second slot, and the first slot and the second slot are symmetrically arranged about a diagonal line of the dielectric layer.

[0013] In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present application is: providing a communication device, comprising any one of the above antenna units.

[0014] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit, including a dielectric layer, a first radiation patch, a second radiation patch and a ground layer, wherein the first radiation patch is arranged on the first surface, and the first radiation patch is provided with a first slot; the second radiation patch is arranged on the first surface, and the second radiation patch is provided with a second slot, and the second radiation patch and the first radiation patch are symmetrically arranged about the diagonal of the dielectric layer. When electromagnetic waves pass through these two radiators, they will experience similar electromagnetic field distribution and interaction, thereby reducing frequency selectivity and helping to broaden the working bandwidth. The ground layer is arranged in the second unit. By setting the first slot on the first radiation patch and the second slot on the second radiation patch, the direction of the current can be changed, thereby introducing a notch with a separately controllable center frequency, thereby optimizing multiple electromagnetic properties, having the advantages of miniaturization and easy manufacturing, and improving the ability to suppress in-band interference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the prior art description. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0016] Figure 1is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 is another schematic diagram of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the antenna unit of the embodiment of the present application from another perspective;

[0019] Figure 4 is a layout of the antenna unit of an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 is another layout of the antenna unit of the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 6 The antenna unit performance varies with different L S1 Graph of changes in

[0022] Figure 7 The antenna unit performance varies with different L S2 Graph of changes in

[0023] Figure 8 The antenna unit performance varies with different L S3 Graph of changes in

[0024] Fig. 9 The antenna unit performance varies with different W S1 Graph of changes in

[0025] Fig.10 The antenna unit performance varies with different W S2 Graph of changes in

[0026] Fig.11 The antenna unit performance varies with different W S3 Graph of changes in

[0027] Fig.12 The antenna unit performance varies with different W RD Graph of changes in

[0028] Fig.13 It is a graph showing how the antenna unit performance changes with different D1;

[0029] Fig.14 It is the simulation result diagram of reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient of antenna unit;

[0030] Fig.15 This is the simulation result diagram of the gain and radiation efficiency of the antenna unit.

[0031] The figure numbers in the specific implementation manner are as follows: 100, antenna unit; 10, dielectric layer; 101, first surface; 102, second surface; 20, first radiation patch; 201, first gap; 202, first trapezoidal radiation part; 203, second trapezoidal radiation part; 204, first rectangular radiation part; 30, second radiation patch; 301, second gap; 302, third trapezoidal radiation part; 303, fourth trapezoidal radiation part; 304, second rectangular radiation part; 40, ground layer; 401, first conductive part; 402, second conductive part; 411, first rectangular conductive part; 412, second rectangular conductive part; 403, first slot; 404, second slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on another element or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. When an element is described as "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. used in this specification is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0034] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0035] See also Figure 1The antenna unit 100 includes: a dielectric layer 10, a first radiation patch 20, a second radiation patch 30 and a grounding layer 40. The dielectric layer 10 is usually made of a material with a high dielectric constant, such as ceramic, plastic or special composite material. The grounding layer 40 is arranged on the second surface 102. The first radiation patch 20 is arranged on the first surface 101. The first radiation patch 20 is provided with a first slot 201; the second radiation patch 30 is arranged on the first surface 101. The second radiation patch 30 is provided with a second slot 301. The first slot 201 and the second slot 301 are mainly used to introduce a notch at a specific frequency. By adjusting the size and position of the first slot 201 and the second slot 301, the center frequency of the notch and the isolation at the center frequency can be accurately controlled, thereby effectively suppressing interference signals near the frequency. The second radiation patch 30 and the first radiation patch 20 are symmetrically arranged about the diagonal of the dielectric layer 10, which helps to achieve broadband characteristics and good radiation performance, and helps to maintain the stability of the radiation pattern. Since the first radiation patch 20 and the second radiation patch 30 are symmetrical, the distribution of the generated radiation field in space is also symmetrical, which helps to reduce the distortion and fluctuation of the radiation pattern, improve the consistency of the radiation performance, and also help to reduce the cross-polarization of the antenna. The cross-polarization is reduced by balancing the electromagnetic field distribution of the first radiation patch 20 and the second radiation patch 30, thereby improving the polarization purity of the antenna.

[0036] See also Figure 2 The first radiation patch 20 includes a first trapezoidal radiation portion 202 and a second trapezoidal radiation portion 203. The first trapezoidal radiation portion 202 is connected to the second trapezoidal radiation portion 203 through the first slot 201. A first feeding line 204 extends from one end of the second trapezoidal radiation portion 203, and the first radiation patch 204 is perpendicular to the edge of the dielectric layer 10. The trapezoidal design helps to guide electromagnetic waves in a specific direction and affects the radiation pattern of the antenna. The size of the trapezoid (such as the length and height of the upper and lower bases) and the inclination angle can be adjusted as needed to optimize the performance of the antenna. The first slot 201 can introduce a resonance point to form a notch at a specific frequency to suppress unnecessary frequency signals. In addition, the first slot 201 can also affect the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0037] In some embodiments, the first slot 201 is an L-shaped slot. At a specific frequency, the L-shaped slot can guide current distribution, reduce reflection loss, and improve the matching efficiency between the antenna and the feeder, thereby increasing the bandwidth and optimizing the matching. It can also effectively increase the isolation between the first trapezoidal radiating portion 202 and the second trapezoidal radiating portion 203 and reduce mutual interference by changing the propagation path and mode of the electromagnetic wave. In addition, the trapezoidal radiating patch antenna has a certain directionality. By introducing the first slot 201 on the first radiating patch 20, the radiation pattern of the antenna can be changed so that it exhibits a more omnidirectional radiation characteristic in some cases, which helps to evenly cover the signal in multiple directions and improve the overall performance of the communication system.

[0038] Please continue reading Figure 2 The second radiation patch 30 includes a third trapezoidal radiation portion 302 and a fourth trapezoidal radiation portion 303. The third trapezoidal radiation portion 302 is connected to the fourth trapezoidal radiation portion 303 through the second slot 301. A second feed line 304 extends from one end of the second trapezoidal radiation portion 203, and the second feed line 304 is perpendicular to the dielectric layer 10. The trapezoidal design helps to guide electromagnetic waves in a specific direction and affects the radiation pattern of the antenna. The size of the trapezoid (such as the length and height of the upper and lower bases) and the inclination angle can be adjusted as needed to optimize the performance of the antenna. The second slot 301 can introduce a resonance point to form a notch at a specific frequency to suppress unnecessary frequency signals. In addition, the second slot 301 can also affect the bandwidth and radiation pattern of the antenna.

[0039] In some embodiments, the second slot 301 is an L-shaped slot. At a specific frequency, the L-shaped slot can guide current distribution, reduce reflection loss, and improve the matching efficiency between the antenna and the feeder, thereby increasing the bandwidth and optimizing the matching. It can also effectively increase the isolation between the third trapezoidal radiating portion 302 and the fourth trapezoidal radiating portion 303 and reduce mutual interference by changing the propagation path and mode of the electromagnetic wave. In addition, the trapezoidal radiating patch antenna has a certain directionality. By introducing the second slot 301 on the first radiating patch 20, the radiation pattern of the antenna can be changed so that it exhibits a more omnidirectional radiation characteristic in some cases, which helps to evenly cover the signal in multiple directions and improve the overall performance of the communication system.

[0040] See also Figure 3The grounding layer 40 includes a first conductive portion 401 and a second conductive portion 402, the first conductive portion 401 is connected to the second conductive portion 402, and the first conductive portion 401 includes a first rectangular conductive portion 411, one end of the first rectangular conductive portion 411 is extended with a second rectangular conductive portion 412, the other end of the first rectangular conductive portion 411 is extended with a third rectangular conductive portion, and the first rectangular conductive portion 411 is connected to the second conductive portion 402, and the grounding layer 40 is further provided with a first slot 403 and a second slot 404, the first slot 403 and the second slot 404 are symmetrically arranged about the diagonal line of the dielectric layer 10; for the sizes of the first slot 403 and the second slot 404, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the present application provides the following embodiments: In the present application embodiment, the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer is 4.4, the dielectric loss is 0.02, and the thickness is 0.8mm; the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch are copper-plated, with a thickness of 0.035mm. The size of this embodiment is 32.0mm*32.0mm, where L G is the length of the antenna unit; W G is the width of the antenna unit; L S1 L is the short side length of the first slot on the first radiation patch; s2 L is the length of the long side of the second slot on the second radiation patch; S3 W is the length of the vertical gap of the first groove; S1 is the width of the first gap located in the first radiation patch; W s2 W is the width of the transverse gap of the first groove; s3 is the width of the vertical gap of the first groove; W RU is the width of the wide side of the first radiation patch; W RD The width of the narrow side of the first radiation patch; R D is the length of the first radiation patch; D1 is the distance between the first gap and the edge of the first surface; D2 is the distance between the first rectangular radiation portion and the right edge of the first surface; D3 is the distance between the short side of the first radiation patch and the right edge of the first surface; L F is the length of the second radiation patch; W F is the width of the second radiation patch. For this structure, the key parameter L S1 , L s2 , L S3 , W s1 , W s2 , W s3 , W RD To optimize with D1, please combine Figure 6 , Figure 6 The antenna unit performance varies with different L S1 The changes in Figure 6 It can be seen that for a single antenna, as the parameter L S1 As the parameter L increases, the reflection coefficient becomes worse, the bandwidth becomes narrower, the notch center frequency moves down, and the signal energy reflected back to the input port at the notch center frequency increases; for the isolation between the two input ports of the MIMO antenna, it increases with the parameter L S1 Get bigger and better.

[0041] Please combine Figure 7 , Figure 7 The antenna unit performance varies with different L S2 of changes, due to Figure 7 It can be seen that for a single antenna, as the parameter L S2 As the parameter L increases, the reflection coefficient becomes worse, the bandwidth becomes narrower, the notch center frequency moves down, and the signal energy reflected back to the input port at the notch center frequency increases; for the isolation between the two input ports of the MIMO antenna, it increases with the parameter L S2 Get bigger and better.

[0042] Please combine Figure 8 , Figure 8 The antenna unit performance varies with different L S3 The changes in Figure 8 It can be seen that for a single antenna, as the parameter L S3 As the reflection coefficient gets larger, the bandwidth gets narrower, the notch center frequency moves down, and the signal energy reflected back to the input port at the notch center frequency remains unchanged; for the isolation between the two input ports of the MIMO antenna, it increases with the parameter L S3 Get bigger and better.

[0043] Please combine Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 The antenna unit performance varies with different W S1 For a single antenna, as the parameter W S1 As the reflection coefficient gets larger, the bandwidth gets narrower, the notch center frequency moves down, and the signal energy reflected back to the input port at the notch center frequency increases. As for the isolation between the two input ports of the MIMO antenna, it increases with the parameter W. S1 Get bigger and better.

[0044] Please combine Fig.10 , Fig.10 The antenna unit performance varies with different W S2 For a single antenna, as the parameter W S2 As the parameter W increases, its reflection coefficient slightly deteriorates, the bandwidth narrows, the notch center frequency moves up, and the signal energy reflected back to the input port at the notch center frequency decreases; for the isolation between the two input ports of the MIMO antenna, it increases with the parameter W S2gets bigger and worse.

[0045] Please combine Fig.11 , Fig.11 The antenna unit performance varies with different W S3 The changes in Fig.11 It can be seen that for a single antenna, as the parameter W S3 As the reflection coefficient gets better, the bandwidth gets wider, the notch center frequency moves up slightly, and the signal energy reflected back to the input port at the notch center frequency gets less. As for the isolation between the two input ports of the MIMO antenna, it increases with the parameter W. S3 gets bigger and worse.

[0046] Please combine Fig.12 , Fig.12 The antenna unit performance varies with different W RD The changes in Fig.12 It can be seen that for a single antenna, as the parameter W RD As the reflection coefficient gets larger, the bandwidth gets narrower, the notch center frequency remains almost unchanged, and the signal energy reflected back to the input port at the notch center frequency remains almost unchanged; for the isolation between the two input ports of the MIMO antenna, it increases with the parameter W RD The enlargement remains almost unchanged.

[0047] Please combine Fig.13 , Fig.13 The performance of the antenna unit changes with different D1. Its reflection coefficient becomes worse, the bandwidth becomes narrower, the notch center frequency moves slightly downward, and the signal energy reflected back to the input port at the notch center frequency becomes slightly more; for the isolation between the two input ports of the MIMO antenna, it remains almost unchanged as the parameter D1 increases.

[0048] Please combine Fig.14 , Fig.14 is the reflection coefficient and isolation simulation result of the antenna unit. Based on the above analysis, a set of parameters can be optimized. The specific parameters are: L G =32.0mm, W G =32mm, L S1 =0.2mm, L s2 =8.5mm, L S3 =6.7mm, L R =7.0mm, L F =8.0mm, W s1 =0.1mm, W s2 =5.0mm,W s3 =12.0mm, W RU =8.1mm, W RD =6.3mm, W F=1.53mm, D1=2.9mm, D2=9.0mm, D3=5.8mm. The simulation results of reflection coefficient and isolation of the antenna unit are shown in Fig.14 As shown by Fig.14 It is easy to see that the bandwidth range of the antenna unit reflection coefficient less than -10dB is 3.68 to 9.74GHz, the center frequency is 6.71GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 6.06GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 90.3%, showing broadband characteristics. Within the bandwidth range, the isolation between the two ports of the MIMO antenna is greater than 16.4dB, and there is a notch located at 5.47GHz.

[0049] The simulation results of antenna unit gain and radiation efficiency are shown in Fig.15 Described by Fig.15 It is easy to see that the antenna unit not only has high gain and high radiation efficiency in the passband, but also has an in-band suppression of up to 13.2 dB at the center frequency of the notch.

[0050] The embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit 100, including a dielectric layer 10, a first radiation patch 20, a second radiation patch 30 and a grounding layer 40, which is arranged on the first surface 101, and the first radiation patch 20 is provided with a first slot 201; the second radiation patch 30 is arranged on the first surface 101, and the second radiation patch 30 is provided with a second slot 301, and the second radiation patch 30 and the first radiation patch 20 are symmetrically arranged about the diagonal of the dielectric layer 10. When electromagnetic waves pass through these two radiators, they will experience similar electromagnetic field distribution and interaction, thereby reducing frequency selectivity and helping to broaden the working bandwidth. The grounding layer 40 is arranged in the second unit. By setting the first slot 201 on the first radiation patch 20 and the second slot 301 on the second radiation patch 30, the direction of the current can be changed, thereby introducing a notch with a separately controllable center frequency, thereby optimizing multiple electromagnetic properties, having the advantages of miniaturization and easy manufacturing, and improving the ability to suppress in-band interference. The present application also provides a communication device embodiment, wherein the communication device includes the above-mentioned antenna unit. The specific structure and function of the antenna unit can be found in the above-mentioned embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0051] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, characterized in that: include: The dielectric layer comprises a first surface and a second surface which are arranged opposite to each other; A first radiation patch, disposed on the first surface, wherein the first radiation patch is provided with a first gap; A second radiation patch is disposed on the first surface, the second radiation patch is provided with a second gap, and the second radiation patch and the first radiation patch are symmetrically disposed about a diagonal line of the dielectric layer; The ground layer is disposed on the second surface.

2. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The first radiation patch includes a first trapezoidal radiation portion and a second trapezoidal radiation portion, the first trapezoidal radiation portion is connected to the second trapezoidal radiation portion through the first gap, a first feed line extends from one end of the second trapezoidal radiation portion, and the first feed line is perpendicular to the dielectric layer.

3. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The first gap is an L-shaped gap.

4. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The second radiation patch includes a third trapezoidal radiation portion and a fourth trapezoidal radiation portion, the third trapezoidal radiation portion is connected to the fourth trapezoidal radiation portion through the second gap, a second feed line extends from one end of the fourth trapezoidal radiation portion, and the second feed line is perpendicular to the dielectric layer.

5. The antenna unit according to claim 4, characterized in that The second gap is an L-shaped gap.

6. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The ground layer includes a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion, and the first conductive portion is connected to the second conductive portion.

7. The antenna unit according to claim 6, characterized in that The first conductive portion includes a first rectangular conductive portion, a second rectangular conductive portion extends from one end of the first rectangular conductive portion, a third rectangular conductive portion extends from the other end of the first rectangular conductive portion, and the first rectangular conductive portion is connected to the second conductive portion.

8. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The ground layer is further provided with a first slot and a second slot, and the first slot and the second slot are symmetrically arranged with respect to a diagonal line of the dielectric layer.

9. A communication device, characterized in that: Comprising the antenna unit as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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