Battery cell side plate, battery and energy storage equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a battery cell side plate, a battery and energy storage equipment. The battery cell side plate comprises a plate body and a protruding part, the plate body is provided with a communicating hole penetrating through the two side surfaces of the plate body in the thickness direction, the bottom face of the protruding part is connected to the surface of one side of the plate body in the thickness direction, and the top face of the protruding part is suitable for abutting against the inner wall of a shell of a battery. An exhaust space is formed between the plate body and the inner wall of the shell, so that gas generated in the battery cell can be exhausted to the exhaust space through the communicating hole and is exhausted, and the communicating hole and the exhaust space jointly form an air passage for exhausting the gas in the battery. And the size of the air passage is larger, so that the air inside the battery can be quickly discharged, and the thermal runaway condition caused by the blockage of the air passage can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of batteries, and in particular relates to a battery core side plate, a battery and an energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] Lithium batteries are the core technology for energy storage at present, but in actual applications, accidents such as puncture, extrusion, and falling, as well as the gradual aging of the battery's internal pole pieces, diaphragms, and electrolytes may cause internal short circuits in the battery, generate gas, and lead to the risk of bulging, fire, and even explosion. Moreover, the battery capacity used in large-scale energy storage is usually hundreds of ampere hours, with high unit energy density and large volume. When a short circuit occurs, it has a faster temperature rise rate, higher peak temperature, and greater gas production, which causes gas accumulation and increased internal pressure in the battery. At the same time, the dissolution of the insulating parts inside the battery can easily block the exhaust outlet, increasing the risk of thermal runaway. Therefore, quickly discharging the generated gas in the early stage of battery runaway is an effective means to reduce the risk of explosion and improve battery safety.

[0003] The battery of the related technology includes a shell, an explosion-proof valve, a cell side plate and a pole core arranged in the shell, wherein the cell side plate is arranged between the pole core and the shell to protect the pole core. The gap between the outer peripheral side wall of the cell side plate and the shell forms an air passage connected to the explosion-proof valve. When the internal pressure of the battery is too high, the gas inside the battery flows to the explosion-proof valve through the air passage to release the pressure.

[0004] However, in the above-mentioned battery, in order to protect the pole core, the gap between the side plate of the battery cell and the shell is small, resulting in a smaller size of the airway, which is not conducive to the rapid discharge of gas inside the battery and is prone to thermal runaway of the battery cell due to airway blockage. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: in view of the problem that the size of the airway in the existing battery is small, which is not conducive to the rapid discharge of the gas inside the battery, a battery side plate, a battery and an energy storage device are provided.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, on the one hand, an embodiment of the utility model provides a battery cell side plate, including a plate body and a protrusion, the plate body is provided with connecting holes penetrating the two side surfaces in the thickness direction thereof, the bottom surface of the protrusion is connected to the one side surface in the thickness direction of the plate body, and the top surface of the protrusion is suitable for abutting the inner wall of the battery shell.

[0007] Optionally, a plurality of communicating holes are provided.

[0008] Optionally, the plate body is in the shape of an elongated strip, the protrusions are provided on both sides of the plate body in the width direction, and at least part of the communicating holes are located between the protrusions on both sides.

[0009] Optionally, the plurality of communicating holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the plate body.

[0010] Optionally, a plurality of the protrusions are arranged at intervals on both sides of the plate body in the width direction.

[0011] Optionally, the communicating hole is circular, elliptical or polygonal.

[0012] Optionally, the plurality of communicating holes are distributed in a straight line, the communicating holes are in the form of a right triangle, and each communicating hole shares a hypotenuse with the communicating holes adjacent to it on one side, and shares a base with the communicating holes adjacent to it on the other side.

[0013] Optionally, the plate body is in the shape of an elongated strip, and the plurality of connecting holes are arranged in a rectangular array, the plurality of connecting holes in each row are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the plate body, the plurality of connecting holes in each column are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the plate body, and the protrusions are provided between the connecting holes in adjacent rows.

[0014] Optionally, the plate body is in the shape of an elongated strip, a plurality of the communicating holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the plate body, and the protrusions are provided between at least some of the adjacent communicating holes.

[0015] Optionally, the protrusion is in the shape of an elongated strip or a frustum.

[0016] Optionally, the top surface of the protrusion is a plane.

[0017] Optionally, the height of the protrusion is 1 to 20 mm.

[0018] The top surface of the protruding portion of the battery cell side plate of the utility model is suitable for abutting against the inner wall of the shell, so that an exhaust space is formed between the plate body and the inner wall of the shell, so that the gas generated inside the battery cell can be discharged to the exhaust space through the connecting hole and discharged, and the connecting hole and the exhaust space together constitute an airway for the gas inside the battery to be discharged. Compared with the airway formed between the outer peripheral side wall of the battery cell side plate and the inner wall of the shell in the prior art, the size of this airway is larger, which is more conducive to the rapid discharge of gas inside the battery, and can reduce the thermal runaway caused by airway blockage.

[0019] On the other hand, an embodiment of the utility model provides a battery, comprising a shell, a pole core, an explosion-proof valve and the above-mentioned battery cell side plate, the pole core is installed in the shell, the explosion-proof valve is installed on the shell, the battery cell side plate is arranged between the shell and the pole core, the top surface of the protrusion abuts against the inner wall of the shell on one side facing the protrusion, and the plate body and the inner wall of the shell enclose an exhaust space connected to the explosion-proof valve.

[0020] Optionally, the explosion-proof valve is mounted on a shell wall of the shell body abutting against the protrusion.

[0021] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage device, including the above-mentioned battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell side plate;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A top view of

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Side view of

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Left view of;

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the force on the side plate of the battery cell Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the force on the side plate of the battery cell Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the force on the side plate of the battery cell Figure 3 ;

[0030] Fig. 9 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first alternative solution of the battery cell side plate;

[0031] Fig.10 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second alternative solution of the battery cell side plate;

[0032] Fig.11 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the third alternative solution of the battery cell side plate;

[0033] Fig.12 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth alternative scheme of the battery cell side plate.

[0034] The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:

[0035] 1. Battery cell side plate; 11. Plate body; 12. Protrusion; 13. Communication hole; 14. Fixing hole; 2. Electrode core; 3. Shell; 31. Cover plate; 32. Shell body; 4. Explosion-proof valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the utility model provides a battery, including a shell 3, a pole core 2, an explosion-proof valve 4 and a battery cell side plate 1, wherein the pole core 2 is installed in the shell 3, the battery cell side plate 1 is arranged between the shell 3 and the pole core 2, and the explosion-proof valve 4 is installed on the shell 3.

[0038] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the battery cell side plate 1 includes a plate body 11 and a protrusion 12. The plate body 11 is provided with a connecting hole 13 that passes through the two side surfaces in the thickness direction. The bottom surface of the protrusion 12 is connected to the one side surface of the plate body 11 in the thickness direction. The top surface of the protrusion 12 abuts against the inner wall of the shell 3 facing the protrusion 12 to prevent the plate body 11 from being tightly attached to the inside of the shell 3, so that an exhaust space connected to the explosion-proof valve 4 is formed between the plate body 11 and the inner wall of the shell 3.

[0039] In the case of aging or abnormal short circuit of the pole core 2, a large amount of gas is generated inside the battery, and the gas is discharged to the exhaust space through the connecting hole 13, and then discharged through the explosion-proof valve 4 when the gas inside the battery reaches a certain pressure. Therefore, the connecting hole 13 and the exhaust space together constitute the gas discharge airway of the power supply battery. Compared with the airway formed by the gap between the outer peripheral side wall of the battery side plate 1 and the inner wall of the shell 3 in the prior art, the size of the airway in the battery of the utility model is larger, which is more conducive to the rapid discharge of the gas inside the battery, and can reduce the occurrence of thermal runaway of the battery cell due to airway blockage.

[0040] The plate body 11 and the protrusion 12 of the cell side plate 1 are integrally formed, and the processing is relatively simple whether stamping, injection molding or mechanical processing is adopted, and the cell side plate 1 is suitable for large-sized square shell batteries that are mostly used in large energy storage batteries. In addition, the setting of the connecting hole 13 can also reduce the weight of the cell side plate 1.

[0041] In the battery of the utility model, the top surface of the protrusion 12 of the cell side plate 1 abuts against the inner wall of the shell 3, so that an exhaust space connected to the explosion-proof valve 4 is formed between the plate body 11 and the inner wall of the shell 3, so that the gas generated inside the cell can be discharged to the exhaust space through the connecting hole 13 and discharged through the explosion-proof valve 4, and the connecting hole 13 and the exhaust space together constitute an airway for the gas inside the battery to be discharged. Compared with the airway formed between the outer peripheral side wall of the cell side plate 1 and the inner wall of the shell 3 in the prior art, the size of this airway is larger, which is more conducive to the rapid discharge of gas inside the battery, and can reduce the thermal runaway caused by airway blockage.

[0042] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the explosion-proof valve 4 is installed on the shell wall of the shell 3 that abuts against the protrusion 12 to shorten the communication distance between the exhaust space and the explosion-proof valve 4, which is further conducive to the rapid discharge of gas in the exhaust space.

[0043] In one embodiment, the housing 3 includes a housing body 32 and a cover plate 31, one side of the housing body 32 is provided with an opening, the cover plate 31 is connected to the housing body 32 and covers the opening of the housing body 32, and the cell side plate 1 is arranged between the pole core 2 and the cover plate 31. The top surface of the protrusion 12 abuts against the surface of the cover plate 31 on one side facing the protrusion 12, the plate body 11 and the cover plate 31 enclose the above-mentioned exhaust space, and the explosion-proof valve 4 is installed on the cover plate 31.

[0044] In one embodiment, a plurality of connecting holes 13 are provided, and the plurality of connecting holes 13 are distributed corresponding to various positions of the pole core 2, so that the gas generated at various positions in the battery can be discharged to the exhaust space through the adjacent connecting holes 13, so as to shorten the flow distance of the gas, further facilitating the rapid discharge of the gas.

[0045] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the plate body 11 is in the shape of an elongated strip, and protrusions 12 are provided on both sides of the width direction of the plate body 11, and at least part of the communication holes 13 are located between the protrusions 12 on both sides. Since the protrusions 12 are provided on both sides of the width direction of the plate body 11, an exhaust space is formed between the protrusions 12 on both sides, and at least part of the communication holes 13 located between the protrusions 12 on both sides are directly connected to the exhaust space, thereby avoiding the situation where the protrusions 12 hinder the gas flowing in from each communication hole 13 from flowing in the exhaust space to flow to the explosion-proof valve 4, which is conducive to the rapid discharge of the gas.

[0046] Moreover, when the electrolyte is injected into the internal space of the battery from the injection hole, part of the electrolyte flows into the exhaust space and the connecting hole 13 and then is injected into the pole core 2, which is conducive to the injection of the electrolyte and the full infiltration of the battery core.

[0047] In one embodiment, a plurality of communication holes 13 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the plate body 11, so that all the communication holes 13 are located between the protrusions 12 on both sides. The arrangement of the communication holes 13 is relatively regular, so that the structure of the battery cell side plate 1 is relatively simple, which is conducive to ensuring the structural strength of the battery cell side plate 1.

[0048] In one embodiment, the protrusions 12 are in the shape of long strips, so as to ensure the area of ​​the protrusions 12 while minimizing the number of the protrusions 12, thereby simplifying the structure of the battery cell side plate 1 and facilitating processing.

[0049] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, a protrusion 12 is provided on both sides of the plate body 11 in the width direction, and the protrusion 12 extends continuously along the length direction of the plate body 11 .

[0050] It should be noted that the battery cell side plate 1 needs to meet certain load-bearing requirements. In existing batteries, the opposite ends of the battery cell side plate 1 are generally fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the shell 3. Specifically, fixing holes 14 are provided at the opposite ends of the plate body 11, and a top spacer is fixed on the shell 3. A rivet protrusion is provided on the top spacer. The rivet protrusion is riveted in the fixing hole 14 to fix the battery cell side plate 1 in the shell 3.

[0051] After the battery cell side plate 1 bears the load, the battery cell side plate 1 will deform radially, and load-bearing tension will be generated at both ends of the battery cell side plate 1. The actual force is concentrated at the connection between the battery cell side plate 1 and the top spacer. Therefore, the load-bearing capacity of the battery cell side plate 1 needs to consider its maximum tensile force, bending force and compressive resistance. Among them, the maximum tensile force that the battery cell side plate 1 can bear should be less than the pressure that the battery cell side plate 1 bears, and the maximum tensile force that the battery cell side plate 1 can bear should be greater than its bending force.

[0052] Taking the modified PP (FD-17 radiator fence) of automobile parts as an example, the tensile strength of the material is 31MPa and the bending strength is 43MPa. The compressive strength of the aluminum plate commonly used in the battery side panel 1 is generally between 4-20MPa, and the minimum value of 4MPa is taken in this patent.

[0053] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, it is assumed that the length of the battery cell side plate 1 is 60mm, the width is 15mm, the thickness of the plate body 11 is 0.3mm, the height of the protrusion 12 is 2mm, and the diameter of the fixing hole 14 is 2mm. The maximum tensile force F1 that the battery cell side plate 1 can withstand should be less than the pressure F2 that the battery cell side plate 1 is subjected to, that is: tensile strength * contact area < compressive strength * total area of ​​the protrusion 12. Assuming that the width of the protrusion 12 is 2mm, its minimum length is not less than 5.5mm, and the maximum tensile force at the end does not exceed 87.5N (when three fixing holes 14 are provided). In fact, the weight that the battery cell side plate 1 can withstand can be increased by increasing the fixing holes 14 and increasing the total area of ​​the protrusion 12.

[0054] like Figure 8 As shown, the maximum tensile force on the cell side plate 1 should be greater than the bending force F3, that is, tensile strength*contact area>bending strength*cross-sectional area of ​​the cell side plate 1*displacement / length. According to calculations, the distance between the end of the protrusion 12 and the end of the plate body 11 is not less than 6.5 mm.

[0055] In other embodiments, the battery cell side plates may be made of PP or PE or other hard materials.

[0056] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the side of the protrusion 12 located on one side of the width direction of the plate body 11 facing away from the other side is flush with the adjacent side on the plate body 11, while the side of the protrusion 12 facing the other side is tangent to the hole wall of the adjacent connecting hole 13.

[0057] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the top surface of the protrusion 12 is a plane, so as to increase the contact area between the protrusion 12 and the inner wall of the shell 3 , which is beneficial for the protrusion 12 to abut against the shell 3 .

[0058] In other embodiments, the top surface of the protrusion 12 may be an arc surface.

[0059] In one embodiment, the protrusion 12 extends in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the plate body 11 is located.

[0060] In one embodiment, the height of the protrusion 12 is 1 to 20 mm. Specifically, the height of the protrusion 12 can be 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 5 mm, 6.5 mm, 10.5 mm, 12 mm, 15 mm, 17.5 mm, 20 mm, etc. Therefore, in practical applications, the protrusion 12 can be selected to have a suitable height according to the size of the pole core 2, so as to reduce the size of the battery as much as possible while meeting the airway size requirements.

[0061] In one embodiment, the communication hole 13 is circular, elliptical or polygonal.

[0062] In one embodiment, a plurality of connecting holes 13 are distributed along a straight line, and the connecting holes 13 are in the shape of a right triangle. Each connecting hole 13 shares a hypotenuse with an adjacent connecting hole 13 on one side, and shares a base with an adjacent connecting hole 13 on the other side, so as to reasonably arrange the connecting holes 13, reduce the spacing between adjacent connecting holes 13, and increase the area occupied by the connecting holes 13 on the plate body 11, so as to facilitate the gas flow to the exhaust space.

[0063] In other embodiments, only one connecting hole 13 may be provided. To facilitate the gas to flow to the exhaust space, the connecting hole 13 may be a long strip hole.

[0064] In other embodiments, only one protrusion 12 may be provided, and the protrusion 12 may be provided in the middle of the plate body 11. In this case, the connecting holes 13 may be provided on both sides of the plate body 11 in the width direction, or at both ends of the plate body 11 in the length direction.

[0065] In other embodiments, Fig. 9 As shown, a plurality of protrusions 12 may be spaced apart on both sides of the plate body 11 in the width direction, and the protrusions 12 may extend along the length direction of the plate body 11 .

[0066] In other embodiments, Fig.10 As shown, the plate body 11 is in the shape of an elongated strip, and a plurality of connecting holes 13 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the plate body 11, and a protrusion 12 is provided between at least some adjacent connecting holes 13. The protrusion 12 can be in the shape of an elongated strip extending continuously along the width direction of the plate body 11.

[0067] In other embodiments, Fig.10 As shown, the communicating holes 13 may be triangular in shape, each communicating hole 13 shares a side with an adjacent communicating hole 13 on one side, and is arranged opposite to the top angle of an adjacent communicating hole 13 on the other side.

[0068] In other embodiments, Fig.11 As shown, the board body 11 is in the shape of a long strip, and a plurality of connecting holes 13 are arranged in a rectangular array, and a plurality of connecting holes 13 in each row are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the board body 11, and a plurality of connecting holes 13 in each column are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the board body 11, and a protrusion 12 is provided between the connecting holes 13 in adjacent rows. The battery cell side plate 1 of this structure requires a larger size, which is more suitable for large-sized batteries.

[0069] In other embodiments, Fig.12 As shown, the protrusion 12 can be in the shape of a truncated cone. Of course, the protrusion 12 can also be in the shape of a polygonal column or other irregular shapes.

[0070] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cell side plate 1 , the structure of which is the same as that of the cell side plate 1 in any of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail herein.

[0071] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage device, including the battery of the above embodiment.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery cell side plate, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plate body (11) and a protrusion (12), wherein the plate body (11) is provided with a connecting hole (13) penetrating through two side surfaces in the thickness direction thereof, the bottom surface of the protrusion (12) is connected to one side surface in the thickness direction of the plate body (11), and the top surface of the protrusion (12) is suitable for abutting against the inner wall of the battery shell (3).

2. The battery cell side plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of communicating holes (13) are provided.

3. The battery cell side plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plate body (11) is in the shape of an elongated strip, and the protruding portions (12) are provided on both sides of the plate body (11) in the width direction, and at least part of the connecting holes (13) are located between the protruding portions (12) on both sides.

4. The battery cell side plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of communication holes (13) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the plate body (11).

5. The battery cell side plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of protrusions (12) are arranged at intervals on both sides of the plate body (11) in the width direction.

6. The battery cell side plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The communicating hole (13) is circular, elliptical or polygonal.

7. The battery cell side plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plurality of communicating holes (13) are distributed in a straight line, the communicating holes (13) are in the shape of a right triangle, and each communicating hole (13) shares a hypotenuse with the communicating hole (13) adjacent to it on one side, and shares a base with the communicating hole (13) adjacent to it on the other side.

8. The battery cell side plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plate body (11) is in the shape of an elongated strip, and the plurality of connecting holes (13) are arranged in a rectangular array. The plurality of connecting holes (13) in each row are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the plate body (11), and the plurality of connecting holes (13) in each column are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the plate body (11), and the protruding portions (12) are provided between the connecting holes (13) in adjacent rows.

9. The battery cell side plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plate body (11) is in the shape of an elongated strip, and a plurality of the communicating holes (13) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the plate body (11), and the protruding portions (12) are provided between at least some of the adjacent communicating holes (13).

10. The battery cell side plate according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The protruding portion (12) is in the shape of an elongated strip or a truncated cone.

11. The battery cell side plate according to claim 10, characterized in that: The top surface of the protruding portion (12) is a plane.

12. The battery cell side plate according to claim 10, characterized in that: The height of the protrusion (12) is 1 to 20 mm.

13. A battery, characterized in that: It comprises a shell (3), a pole core (2), an explosion-proof valve (4) and a battery cell side plate (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the pole core (2) is installed in the shell (3), the explosion-proof valve (4) is installed on the shell (3), the battery cell side plate (1) is arranged between the shell (3) and the pole core (2), the top surface of the protrusion (12) abuts against the inner wall of the shell (3) on one side facing the protrusion (12), and the plate body (11) and the inner wall of the shell (3) enclose an exhaust space connected to the explosion-proof valve (4).

14. The battery according to claim 13, characterized in that The explosion-proof valve (4) is mounted on a shell wall of the shell (3) that abuts against the protruding portion (12).

15. An energy storage device, characterized in that: A battery comprising the battery of claim 13 or 14.

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