Millimeter wave four-port waveguide magic T

Abstract

The utility model discloses a millimeter wave four-port waveguide magic T, and relates to the technical field of microwaves. The millimeter wave four-port waveguide magic T comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the upper cavity is fixedly connected with the lower cavity, a first waveguide channel which is vertically arranged is formed in the upper cavity, a second waveguide channel which extends left and right and a third waveguide channel which extends front and back are formed in the lower cavity, and the first waveguide channel is communicated with the second waveguide channel. The first waveguide channel, the second waveguide channel and the third waveguide channel are communicated with one another, the upper cavity forms an E arm of the waveguide magic T, and the part, provided with the third waveguide channel, in the upper cavity forms an H arm of the waveguide magic T. The waveguide magic T can improve the standing wave characteristic of the H arm and has good port isolation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of microwave transmission devices, and in particular to a millimeter wave four-port waveguide magic T which can effectively improve the standing wave characteristic of an H arm and simultaneously improve port isolation. Background Art

[0002] In microwave systems, three types of connectors, ET, HT and Magic Tee, are commonly used as power distribution / synthesis components. The waveguide ET connector can output the signal input from the E port with equal amplitude and inverse phase at both ends of the balance arm. On the contrary, if the signal is input with equal amplitude and inverse phase at both ends of the balance arm, it will be synthesized and output at the E port. The waveguide HT connector can output the signal input from the H port with equal amplitude and in phase at both ends of the balance arm. On the contrary, if the signal is input with equal amplitude and in phase at both ends of the balance arm, it will be synthesized and output at the H port. The waveguide Magic Tee is a new structure combining ET and HT. Its characteristics are that there are 4 arms in total, with symmetry at both ends of the balance arm, and there are also E arms and H arms. The signal input from the E arm will be output with equal amplitude and inverse phase at both ends of the balance arm, and the H arm is isolated; the signal input from the H arm will be output with equal amplitude and in phase at both ends of the balance arm, and the E arm is isolated; the signal input from either end of the balance arm will be output equally in the E arm and the H arm, and the other end of the corresponding balance arm will be isolated. Therefore, the magic T has the characteristics of port isolation, adjacent port 3dB coupling and complete matching. Its functions are more complete than those of single ET and HT. In the microwave field, it is especially used in power synthesis / distribution, single pulse radar and difference comparator, impedance bridge, balanced duplexer, microwave discriminator, radar transceiver switch, balanced mixer, phase shifter, etc. Although the waveguide magic T has wide applicability in microwave systems, the matching effect of the waveguide magic T in the prior art is generally poor in the standing wave characteristics of the H arm and the isolation is poor, resulting in poor use effect. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is how to provide a millimeter wave four-port waveguide magic T which can improve the standing wave characteristic of the H arm and has good port isolation.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a millimeter wave four-port waveguide magic T, including an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the upper cavity is fixedly connected to the lower cavity, a vertically arranged first waveguide channel is formed on the upper cavity, a second waveguide channel extending left and right and a third waveguide channel extending front and back are formed on the lower cavity, the first waveguide channel, the second waveguide channel and the third waveguide channel are interconnected, the upper cavity constitutes the E arm of the waveguide magic T, and the part of the upper cavity having the third waveguide channel constitutes the H arm of the waveguide magic T;

[0005] The upper cavity is a rectangular structure as a whole, a first cover plate mounting hole is formed on the upper side of the middle part of the upper cavity, the first cover plate is located in the first cover plate mounting hole, a lower waveguide channel is formed on the lower side of the first cover plate mounting hole, an upper waveguide channel is formed on the first cover plate corresponding to the lower waveguide channel, the upper side port of the upper waveguide channel is a first standard waveguide port, the lower side port of the lower waveguide channel is a second standard waveguide port, and the upper waveguide channel is connected with the lower waveguide channel to form a first waveguide channel;

[0006] A plurality of positioning holes and mounting holes are formed on the outer surfaces of the upper cavity and the lower cavity. Positioning pins are arranged in the positioning holes, and mounting screws are arranged in the mounting holes. The upper cavity and the lower cavity are fixed together by the mounting screws.

[0007] A further technical solution is that a T-shaped groove is formed on the lower surface of the upper cavity, a T-shaped second cover plate is arranged in the T-shaped groove, a waveguide channel through hole is formed at a position of the second cover plate corresponding to the lower waveguide channel, and the lower end of the lower waveguide channel extends to the lower surface of the second cover plate, so that the second standard waveguide port is located on the lower surface of the second cover plate.

[0008] A further technical solution is that: the lower cavity is a rectangular structure as a whole, the second waveguide channel and the third waveguide channel of the lower cavity are located on the upper surface of the lower cavity, and the upper end openings of the second waveguide channel and the third waveguide channel are closed by the second cover plate; the third waveguide channel is vertically arranged to the second waveguide channel, and a boss structure is formed in the second waveguide channel opposite to the third waveguide channel; a center column mounting hole is formed on the lower side of the lower cavity corresponding to the boss structure, a center column mounting groove is formed on the lower side of the center column mounting hole, the lower end of the center column is located in the center column mounting groove, the upper end of the center column is inserted into the center column mounting hole and extends upward, protruding from the upper surface of the boss structure.

[0009] A further technical solution is that when the upper cavity and the lower cavity are fixed together, the second cover plate is located between the two, and the second cover plate covers the second waveguide channel and the third waveguide channel, so that a third standard waveguide interface is formed at the left end of the second waveguide channel, a fourth standard waveguide interface is formed at the right end of the second waveguide channel, and a fifth standard waveguide interface is formed at the front end of the third waveguide channel.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the central column includes a first central column portion, a mounting groove is formed at the lower end of the first central column portion, the upper end of the first central column portion is connected to the second central column portion via a first gradient portion, the upper end of the second central column portion is connected to the third central column portion via a second gradient portion, the upper end of the third central column portion is connected to the fourth central column portion via a third gradient portion, the diameter of the first central column portion is greater than the diameter of the second central column portion, the diameter of the second central column portion is greater than the diameter of the third central column portion, and the diameter of the third central column portion is greater than the diameter of the fourth central column portion.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: the boss structure and the central column in the waveguide magic T described in the present application constitute a cylindrical structure of different heights and diameters. The reflected waves generated by this structure offset the reflected waves caused by the discontinuity at the original joint, which can effectively guide the transmission of electromagnetic waves and achieve good matching. Compared with the cubic structure, the cylindrical structure has a smooth edge and no sharp corners, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of electromagnetic wave resonance and effectively improve the standing wave characteristics of the H arm. The matching optimization of the E arm is achieved by a metal diaphragm (second cover plate) parallel to the electric field of the E arm. This structure is mainly used to improve the impedance matching of the E arm, reduce the reflected waves generated by the discontinuous structure, and improve the port isolation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the waveguide magic T described in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the waveguide magic T described in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the waveguide magic T according to the embodiment of the utility model ( Figure 1 Perspective);

[0016] Figure 4 This is a left-side structural diagram of the waveguide magic T described in the embodiment of the utility model ( Figure 1 Perspective);

[0017] Figure 5 This is a right view structural diagram of the waveguide magic T according to the embodiment of the utility model ( Figure 1 Perspective);

[0018] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the top view of the waveguide magic T according to the embodiment of the utility model ( Figure 1 Perspective);

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waveguide magic T in an embodiment of the utility model when viewed from above ( Figure 1 Perspective);

[0020] Figure 8 This is a rear view structural diagram of the waveguide magic T according to the embodiment of the utility model ( Figure 1 Perspective);

[0021] Fig. 9 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the waveguide magic T described in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the waveguide magic T described in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper cavity of the waveguide magic T in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper cavity of the waveguide magic T in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first cover plate in the waveguide magic T according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower cavity of the waveguide magic T in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower cavity of the waveguide magic T in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second cover plate in the waveguide magic T according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Fig.17 It is a schematic structural diagram of the central column in the waveguide magic T in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Fig.18 It is a schematic structural diagram of the central column in the waveguide magic T in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Fig.19 It is a structural schematic diagram of the third cover plate in the waveguide magic T according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Wherein: 1. upper cavity; 2. lower cavity; 3. first waveguide channel; 4. second waveguide channel; 5. third waveguide channel; 6. first cover plate mounting hole; 7. first cover plate; 8. first standard waveguide port; 9. second standard waveguide port; 10. second cover plate; 11. boss structure; 12. center column mounting hole; 13. center column mounting groove; 14. center column; 15. third standard waveguide interface; 16. fourth standard waveguide interface; 17. fifth standard waveguide interface; 18. first boss; 19. second boss; 20. first center column portion; 21. I-shaped mounting groove; 22. second center column portion; 23. third center column portion; 24. fourth center column portion; 25. positioning pin; 26. locking nut; 27. third cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] like Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, the embodiment of the utility model discloses a millimeter wave four-port waveguide magic T, which is made of metal material. The waveguide magic T comprises an upper cavity 1 and a lower cavity 2, wherein the upper cavity 1 is fixedly connected to the lower cavity 2, a vertically arranged first waveguide channel 3 is formed on the upper cavity 1, a second waveguide channel 4 extending left and right and a third waveguide channel 5 extending front and back are formed on the lower cavity 2, the first waveguide channel 3, the second waveguide channel 4 and the third waveguide channel 5 are interconnected, the upper cavity 1 constitutes the E arm of the waveguide magic T, the part of the lower cavity 2 having the third waveguide channel 5 constitutes the H arm of the waveguide magic T, one outer port of the first waveguide channel 3, two outer ports of the second waveguide channel 4 and one outer port of the third waveguide channel 5 constitute four ports of the waveguide magic T, and the four ports are standard waveguide ports.

[0036] like Figure 11-Figure 12As shown, the upper cavity 1 is a rectangular structure as a whole, and a plurality of positioning holes and mounting holes are formed on the outer surface of the upper cavity 1. A positioning pin 25 is arranged in the positioning hole, and a mounting screw is arranged in the mounting hole, and the upper cavity and the lower cavity are fixed together by the mounting screw; a first cover plate mounting hole 6 is formed on the upper side of the middle part of the upper cavity 1, and a first cover plate 7 is located in the first cover plate mounting hole 6, and a lower waveguide channel is formed on the lower side of the first cover plate mounting hole 6, and an upper waveguide channel is formed on the first cover plate 7 corresponding to the lower waveguide channel, the upper side port of the upper waveguide channel is a first standard waveguide port 8, and the lower side port of the lower waveguide channel is a second standard waveguide port 9, and the upper waveguide channel is connected with the lower waveguide channel to form a first waveguide channel 3.

[0037] Further, such as Fig.13 As shown, the first cover plate 7 is cylindrical as a whole, and the upper waveguide channel passes through the upper and lower end surfaces of the first cover plate 7. In order to facilitate the installation of the first cover plate 7, a plurality of positioning holes and mounting holes are respectively formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the first cover plate 7. The first cover plate is positioned by positioning pins matched with the positioning holes, and the first cover plate is fixed to the first cover plate mounting hole 6 by mounting screws matched with the mounting holes.

[0038] Further, such as Figure 11-Figure 12 As shown, in the waveguide magic T described in the present application, a T-shaped groove is formed on the lower surface of the upper cavity 1, and a T-shaped second cover plate 10 is arranged in the T-shaped groove, and the T-shaped groove is filled by the T-shaped second cover plate 10; a waveguide channel through hole 11 is formed at a position corresponding to the lower waveguide channel on the second cover plate 10, and the lower end of the lower waveguide channel extends to the lower surface of the second cover plate 10, so that the second standard waveguide port 9 is located on the lower surface of the second cover plate 10, so that the second standard waveguide port 9 can be connected with the second waveguide channel 4 and the third waveguide channel 5, so as to realize the transmission of electromagnetic waves in the waveguide channel. The specific structure of the second cover plate 10 is as shown in Fig.16 shown.

[0039] Further, such as Figure 14-15As shown, the lower cavity 2 is a rectangular structure as a whole, and a plurality of positioning holes and mounting holes are formed on the outer surface of the lower cavity 2. A positioning pin 25 is provided in the positioning hole, and a mounting screw is provided in the mounting hole, and the upper cavity is fixed to the upper cavity 1 by the mounting screw; the second waveguide channel 4 and the third waveguide channel 5 of the lower cavity are located on the upper surface of the lower cavity 2, and the upper end openings of the second waveguide channel 4 and the third waveguide channel 5 are closed by the second cover plate 10; the third waveguide channel 5 is vertically arranged with the second waveguide channel 4, and a boss structure 11 is formed in the second waveguide channel 4 opposite to the third waveguide channel 5; a center column mounting hole 12 is formed on the lower side of the lower cavity 2 corresponding to the boss structure 11, and a center column mounting groove 13 is formed on the lower side of the center column mounting hole 12, and the center column mounting groove 13 is closed by a third cover plate 27, and the specific structure of the third cover plate 27 is as shown in Fig.19 The lower end of the center column 14 is located in the center column mounting groove 13 , and the upper end of the center column 14 is inserted into the center column mounting hole 12 and extends upward, extending out from the upper surface of the boss structure 11 .

[0040] When the upper cavity 1 and the lower cavity 2 are fixed together, the second cover plate 10 is located therebetween, and the second cover plate 10 covers the second waveguide channel 4 and the third waveguide channel 5, so that a third standard waveguide interface 15 is formed at the left end of the second waveguide channel 4, a fourth standard waveguide interface 16 is formed at the right end of the second waveguide channel 4, and a fifth standard waveguide interface 17 is formed at the front end of the third waveguide channel 5.

[0041] Further, such as Fig.15 As shown, the boss structure 11 includes a first boss 18 and a second boss 19. The first boss 18 is fixed to the middle of the second waveguide channel 4. The second boss 19 is located on the upper surface of the first boss 18. The area of ​​the lower surface of the second boss 19 is smaller than the area of ​​the upper surface of the first boss 18. Fig.15 It can be seen from the figure that the first boss 18 is an arc-shaped boss structure, and the second boss 19 is a circular boss structure.

[0042] Further, such as Figure 17-Figure 18As shown, the center column 14 includes a first center column portion 20, a lower end of the first center column portion 20 is formed with a straight-line mounting groove 21, the upper end of the first center column portion 20 is connected to the second center column portion 22 through a first gradient portion, the upper end of the second center column portion 22 is connected to the third center column portion 23 through a second gradient portion, the upper end of the third center column portion 23 is connected to the fourth center column portion 24 through a third gradient portion, the diameter of the first center column portion 20 is greater than the diameter of the second center column portion 22, the diameter of the second center column portion 22 is greater than the diameter of the third center column portion 23, and the diameter of the third center column portion 23 is greater than the diameter of the fourth center column portion 24; an external thread is formed on the first center column portion 20, a locking nut 26 is threadedly connected to the external thread, and the center column 14 is locked into the center column mounting groove 13 by the locking nut 26.

[0043] Working principle: The waveguide magic T structure is a four-port network. When the electromagnetic wave signal is input from the third standard waveguide port 15 and the fourth standard waveguide port 16 with equal amplitude and in phase / anti-phase, the fifth standard waveguide port 17 (H arm) has output / no output, and the first standard waveguide port 8 (E arm) has no output / output. When the electromagnetic wave signal is input from the fifth standard waveguide port 17 (H arm) / the first standard waveguide port 8 (E arm), the signals output from the third standard waveguide port 15 and the fourth standard waveguide port 16 are equal amplitude and in phase / equal amplitude and anti-phase, and the first standard waveguide port 8 (E arm) / the fifth standard waveguide port 17 (H arm) has no output.

[0044] The boss structure and the center column of the waveguide magic T described in the present application constitute cylindrical structures of different heights and diameters. The reflected waves generated by this structure offset the reflected waves caused by the discontinuity at the original joint, which can effectively guide the transmission of electromagnetic waves and achieve good matching. Compared with the cubic structure, the cylindrical structure has a smooth edge and no sharp corners, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of electromagnetic wave resonance and effectively improve the standing wave characteristics of the H arm. The matching optimization of the E arm is achieved by a metal diaphragm (second cover) parallel to the electric field of the E arm. This structure is mainly used to improve the impedance matching of the E arm, reduce the reflected waves generated by the discontinuous structure, and improve the port isolation.

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention do not provide specific size parameters of the structure, because different performance index requirements will be met for different application needs, and therefore the size is not fixed.

[0046] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A millimeter wave four-port waveguide magic T, characterized in that: The invention comprises an upper cavity (1) and a lower cavity (2), wherein the upper cavity (1) is fixedly connected to the lower cavity (2), a first waveguide channel (3) arranged vertically is formed on the upper cavity (1), a second waveguide channel (4) extending leftward and rightward and a third waveguide channel (5) extending frontward and rearward are formed on the lower cavity (2), the first waveguide channel (3), the second waveguide channel (4) and the third waveguide channel (5) are interconnected, the upper cavity (1) constitutes an E arm of the waveguide magic T, and a portion of the lower cavity (2) having the third waveguide channel (5) constitutes an H arm of the waveguide magic T; The upper cavity (1) is a rectangular structure as a whole, a first cover plate mounting hole (6) is formed on the upper side of the middle part of the upper cavity (1), the first cover plate (7) is located in the first cover plate mounting hole (6), a lower waveguide channel is formed on the lower side of the first cover plate mounting hole (6), an upper waveguide channel is formed on the first cover plate (7) corresponding to the lower waveguide channel, the upper side port of the upper waveguide channel is a first standard waveguide port (8), the lower side port of the lower waveguide channel is a second standard waveguide port (9), and the upper waveguide channel is connected with the lower waveguide channel to form a first waveguide channel (3); A plurality of positioning holes and mounting holes are formed on the outer surfaces of the upper cavity (1) and the lower cavity (2), positioning pins (25) are arranged in the positioning holes, and mounting screws are arranged in the mounting holes, and the upper cavity and the lower cavity are fixed together by the mounting screws.

2. The millimeter wave four-port waveguide magic T as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first cover plate (7) is cylindrical in shape as a whole, the upper waveguide channel passes through the upper and lower end surfaces of the first cover plate (7), and a plurality of positioning holes and mounting holes are respectively formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the first cover plate (7), the first cover plate is positioned by positioning pins matched with the positioning holes, and the first cover plate is fixed to the first cover plate mounting hole (6) by mounting screws matched with the mounting holes.

3. The millimeter wave four-port waveguide magic T as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A T-shaped groove is formed on the lower surface of the upper cavity (1), a T-shaped second cover plate (10) is arranged in the T-shaped groove, a waveguide channel through hole is formed at a position corresponding to the lower waveguide channel on the second cover plate (10), and the lower end of the lower waveguide channel extends to the lower surface of the second cover plate (10), so that the second standard waveguide port (9) is located on the lower surface of the second cover plate (10).

4. The millimeter wave four-port waveguide magic T as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The lower cavity (2) is a rectangular structure as a whole; the second waveguide channel (4) and the third waveguide channel (5) of the lower cavity are located on the upper surface of the lower cavity (2), and the upper end openings of the second waveguide channel (4) and the third waveguide channel (5) are closed by the second cover plate (10); the third waveguide channel (5) is vertically arranged with the second waveguide channel (4), and a boss structure (11) is formed in the second waveguide channel (4) opposite to the third waveguide channel (5); a center column mounting hole (12) is formed on the lower side of the lower cavity (2) corresponding to the boss structure (11), and a center column mounting groove (13) is formed on the lower side of the center column mounting hole (12), the lower end of the center column (14) is located in the center column mounting groove (13), and the upper end of the center column (14) is inserted into the center column mounting hole (12) and extends upwards, protruding from the upper surface of the boss structure (11).

5. The millimeter wave four-port waveguide magic T as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: When the upper cavity (1) and the lower cavity (2) are fixed together, the second cover plate (10) is located between the two, and the second cover plate (10) covers the second waveguide channel (4) and the third waveguide channel (5), so that a third standard waveguide interface (15) is formed at the left end of the second waveguide channel (4), a fourth standard waveguide interface (16) is formed at the right end of the second waveguide channel (4), and a fifth standard waveguide interface (17) is formed at the front end of the third waveguide channel (5).

6. The millimeter wave four-port waveguide magic T as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The boss structure (11) comprises a first boss (18) and a second boss (19), wherein the first boss (18) is fixed to the middle of the second waveguide channel (4), the second boss (19) is located on the upper surface of the first boss (18), and the area of ​​the lower surface of the second boss (19) is smaller than the area of ​​the upper surface of the first boss (18).

7. The millimeter wave four-port waveguide magic T as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The central column mounting groove (13) is closed by a third cover plate (27).

8. The millimeter wave four-port waveguide magic T as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The center column (14) comprises a first center column portion (20), a lower end of the first center column portion (20) is formed with a straight-line installation groove (21), the upper end of the first center column portion (20) is connected to the second center column portion (22) via a first gradient portion, the upper end of the second center column portion (22) is connected to the third center column portion (23) via a second gradient portion, the upper end of the third center column portion (23) is connected to the fourth center column portion (24) via a third gradient portion, the diameter of the first center column portion (20) is greater than the diameter of the second center column portion (22), the diameter of the second center column portion (22) is greater than the diameter of the third center column portion (23), and the diameter of the third center column portion (23) is greater than the diameter of the fourth center column portion (24); an external thread is formed on the first center column portion (20), a locking nut (26) is threadedly connected to the external thread, and the center column (14) is locked into the center column installation groove (13) via the locking nut (26).

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