Intelligent medical nursing pad with excrement recognition and early warning functions

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intelligent medical nursing pad capable of recognizing and early warning excrement, and particularly relates to the technical field of medical nursing pads, a pad body comprises a functional area and a monitoring area arranged at the end part of the functional area; the monitoring mechanism is arranged in the monitoring area and used for monitoring the state of the functional area; and the alarm is connected with the monitoring mechanism, when the state of the functional area is abnormal, the monitoring mechanism can transmit a signal to the alarm, and the alarm works. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that when a patient defecates and urinates, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor detect the temperature and humidity change of the functional area, the pressure sensor detects the pressure increase, the smell sensor senses acetone gas, ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide gas, the controller comprehensively processes the signals and judges that the patient defecates and urinates, and the buzzer continuously gives an alarm; meanwhile, the mobile device gives an alarm to remind caregivers who are not at the bedside.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical nursing pads, in particular to an intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning. Background Art

[0002] Bedridden patients in hospitals, such as patients in a coma during neurosurgery, patients after major surgery, and patients in the ICU, need to stay in bed for a long time due to their illnesses. They have limited activities and often have difficulty taking care of themselves, or even incontinence. They need caregivers or medical staff to deal with their urination and defecation. Currently, the nursing pads commonly used in clinical practice can absorb the patient's urine to prevent urine leakage and contamination of the bed sheets.

[0003] However, when patients defecate, it is difficult to detect their defecation in time because clinical medical staff are busy or caregivers cannot always be with them, which can cause eczema on the patient's buttocks. In severe cases, it can cause incontinence dermatitis and even infection, affecting the patient's recovery. However, medical nursing pads currently focus more on functions such as antibacterial and water absorption, and no research has been conducted on stool recognition. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned existing intelligent medical nursing pads for stool recognition and warning, the present utility model is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an intelligent medical nursing pad with stool recognition and early warning.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A mat body, comprising a functional area and a monitoring area disposed at an end of the functional area;

[0008] A monitoring mechanism, which is located in the monitoring area and is used to monitor the status of the functional area;

[0009] The alarm is connected to the monitoring mechanism. When the functional area is in an abnormal state, the monitoring mechanism can transmit a signal to the alarm and the alarm will work.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning of the utility model, the monitoring mechanism includes:

[0011] Temperature sensor, used to monitor the temperature of the functional area;

[0012] Humidity sensor, used to monitor the humidity in the functional area;

[0013] Pressure sensor, used to monitor the pressure on the functional area;

[0014] Odor sensor, used to monitor odor changes in functional areas.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning of the utility model, the alarm includes:

[0016] a controller, which is electrically connected to the monitoring mechanism and is used to receive monitoring data from the monitoring mechanism;

[0017] A buzzer is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller can control the buzzer to perform early warning.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning of the utility model, the functional area includes:

[0019] A supporting layer connected to the monitoring area;

[0020] an insulating layer, which is detachably disposed on the supporting layer;

[0021] A protective pad layer is arranged on the insulating layer.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning of the utility model, wherein: a reserved mechanism is provided on the support layer, and a buckle mechanism is provided on the isolation layer;

[0023] The insulating layer and the supporting layer are connected via a reserved mechanism and a buckling mechanism;

[0024] When the reserved mechanism and the buckle mechanism are connected, the protective pad layer can be positioned on the insulating layer.

[0025] As a preferred solution of the intelligent medical nursing pad for stool identification and early warning of the utility model, the reserved mechanism includes a shell, which is installed on the supporting layer, a round rod supported by the inner side of the shell, and a fixing component slidably arranged on the round rod;

[0026] The buckle mechanism comprises a support arm mounted on the insulating layer, and a locking assembly provided on the support arm;

[0027] The fixing component can be connected to the locking component. When the fixing component and the locking component are connected, the fixing component fixes the protective cushion layer.

[0028] As a preferred solution of the intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning of the utility model, the fixing component includes:

[0029] A positioning ring slidably connected to the outer side of the round rod;

[0030] A trigger rod, which is arranged on the positioning ring;

[0031] A positioning column, which is arranged on the trigger rod;

[0032] A first elastic member, which is sleeved on the outer side of the round rod and abuts against the positioning ring;

[0033] The positioning rings are symmetrically distributed on the outside of the round rod;

[0034] The locking assembly includes a pressing member, and when the locking assembly is connected to the fixing assembly, the pressing member can push two symmetrical positioning rings closer to each other;

[0035] The pressing member is provided with a slot, and when the locking assembly and the fixing assembly are connected, the positioning column can extend to the inner side of the slot.

[0036] As a preferred solution of the intelligent medical nursing pad for stool identification and early warning of the utility model, the fixing assembly further comprises hinged arms respectively mounted on two symmetrical positioning rings, and a top column slidingly passing through the shell, wherein the top column and the two hinged arms are hinged;

[0037] When the two positioning rings are close to each other, the hinged arm can push the top column to move, and the cushion layer is pressed tightly against the insulating layer.

[0038] As a preferred solution of the intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning of the utility model, the locking component further includes:

[0039] A retaining frame, which is slidably connected to the support arm, and the pressing member is hinged to the end of the retaining frame;

[0040] The second elastic member is arranged between the retaining frame and the support arm. When the retaining frame moves axially away from the support arm, it can press the second elastic member.

[0041] As a preferred solution of the intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning of the utility model, the insulating layer is provided with a through hole for the reserved mechanism to pass through, and the insulating layer is provided with a skirt ring at the through hole.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: when the patient urinates or defecates, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor detect the changes in temperature and humidity in the functional area, while the pressure sensor detects the pressure increase, and the odor sensor senses acetone gas, ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide gas. The controller comprehensively processes the above signals to determine whether the patient urinates or defecates, the buzzer continues to alarm, and at the same time, the mobile device alarms to remind the caregiver who is not at the bedside. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them:

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning of the utility model.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the architecture of the intelligent early warning system in the present utility model.

[0046] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the functional areas in the utility model.

[0047] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0048] Figure 5 It is a structural sectional view of the reserved mechanism in the utility model.

[0049] Figure 6 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the buckling mechanism in the utility model.

[0050] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the reserved mechanism in the utility model.

[0051] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the buckling mechanism in the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0053] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0054] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0055] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 , provides an intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning, including,

[0058] The pad body 100 includes a functional area 101 and a monitoring area 102 disposed at the end of the functional area 101 ; the function of the functional area 101 is to receive the patient's excrement, and when the patient has excretion, the excrement will fall into the functional area 101 .

[0059] The monitoring mechanism 200 is arranged in the monitoring area 102 and is used to monitor the state of the functional area 101. The main function of the monitoring mechanism 200 is to monitor whether excrement reaches the functional area 101. If not, the functional area 101 is in a normal state. If excrement exists, the functional area 101 is in a state to be replaced.

[0060] The alarm 300 is connected to the monitoring mechanism 200. When the functional area 101 is in an abnormal state, the monitoring mechanism 200 can transmit a signal to the alarm 300, and the alarm 300 works;

[0061] The function of the alarm 300 is to issue an alarm to remind medical staff and family members to clean or replace the functional area 101 when the monitoring mechanism 200 detects that the functional area 101 is in a state to be replaced.

[0062] Specifically, the monitoring mechanism 200 includes:

[0063] The temperature sensor 201 is used to monitor the temperature of the functional area 101;

[0064] Humidity sensor 202, used to monitor the humidity of functional area 101;

[0065] The pressure sensor 203 is used to monitor the pressure of the functional area 101;

[0066] The odor sensor 204 is used to monitor the odor changes in the functional area 101.

[0067] The state of the functional area 101 is monitored by the above-mentioned sensors, that is, the state information of the functional area 101 is collected.

[0068] Furthermore, the alarm device 300 includes:

[0069] A controller 301, which is electrically connected to the monitoring mechanism 200 and is used to receive monitoring data from the monitoring mechanism 200;

[0070] The buzzer 302 is electrically connected to the controller 301 , and the controller 301 can control the buzzer 302 to perform an early warning.

[0071] Of course, in addition to the buzzer 302, the alarm 300 can also include a wireless transmission module 303. The wireless transmission module 303 can be connected to the wireless network of the ward. When the functional area 101 is in a state to be replaced, the wireless transmission module 303 can transmit the alarm information to the mobile device of the patient's family or medical staff.

[0072] In addition, the smart medical nursing pad for stool recognition and warning is also equipped with a power module, which can be directly connected to the power port, and also has a charging and storage structure, so that the smart medical nursing pad for stool recognition and warning can be powered by its own power structure when the power port is disconnected.

[0073] Operation process: when the patient urinates, the temperature sensor 201 and the humidity sensor 202 detect the temperature and humidity changes of the functional area 101, and the pressure sensor 203 detects the pressure increase, and the odor sensor 204 senses acetone gas. The controller 301 comprehensively processes the above signals to determine that the patient is urinating, and the buzzer 302 continues to alarm. At the same time, the mobile device alarms to remind the caregiver who is not at the bedside that the patient is urinating; when the patient defecates, the temperature sensor 201 and the humidity sensor 202 detect the temperature and humidity changes of the functional area 101, and the pressure sensor 203 detects the pressure increase, and the odor sensor 204 senses ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gas. The controller 301 comprehensively processes the above signals to determine that the patient is defecating, and the buzzer 302 continues to alarm. At the same time, the mobile device alarms to remind the caregiver who is not at the bedside that the patient is defecating.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] Reference Figure 3 , this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that:

[0076] Functional area 101 includes,

[0077] The support layer 101a is connected to the monitoring area 102; the monitoring area 102 is arranged at the end of the support layer 101a, and a silicone anti-skid pad is arranged at the bottom of the support layer 101a to prevent the bed from slipping due to reasons such as the head of the bed being too high, thereby affecting the use.

[0078] The insulating layer 101b is detachably arranged on the supporting layer 101a; the area of ​​the insulating layer 101b is smaller than that of the supporting layer 101a, and while preventing the excrement of the pad layer 101c from penetrating, it will not affect the monitoring area 102 from detecting the state change of the pad layer 101c. The connection method between the insulating layer 101b and the supporting layer 101a can be Velcro bonding, snap connection, etc., so they are not described one by one. The purpose of adopting a detachable setting is to facilitate the maintenance and replacement of the insulating layer 101b after cleaning.

[0079] The protective pad layer 101c is disposed on the insulating layer 101b. When the protective pad layer 101c is contaminated with excrement, the protective pad layer 101c can be removed and replaced.

[0080] The rest of the structure is the same as that of Example 1.

[0081] Operation process: After the pad layer 101c is contaminated with excrement, the pad layer 101c is removed and replaced with a new pad layer 101c and placed on the insulating layer 101b. After the insulating layer 101b is used for a long time, the insulating layer 101b is removed from the supporting layer 101a and cleaned.

[0082] Example 3

[0083] Reference Figure 4-Figure 8 , this embodiment is different from the above embodiments in that: a reserved mechanism 400 is provided on the support layer 101a, and a buckle mechanism 500 is provided on the insulating layer 101b;

[0084] The insulating layer 101b and the supporting layer 101a are connected via a reserved mechanism 400 and a buckling mechanism 500;

[0085] When the reserved mechanism 400 and the fastening mechanism 500 are connected, the cushion layer 101c can be positioned on the insulating layer 101b.

[0086] Furthermore, the reserved mechanism 400 includes a housing 401 mounted on the supporting layer 101a, a round rod 402 supported by the inner side of the housing 401, and a fixing assembly 403 slidably disposed on the round rod 402;

[0087] The buckle mechanism 500 includes a support arm 501, which is made of elastic material, so that it has a certain degree of flexibility when the pressing member 502a is pressed. When the pressing member 502a is separated from the positioning column 403c, the support arm 501 rebounds and drives the pressing member 502a to reset. It is installed on the isolation layer 101b and a locking component 502 is provided on the support arm 501;

[0088] The fixing component 403 can be connected to the locking component 502. When the fixing component 403 and the locking component 502 are connected, the fixing component 403 fixes the pad layer 101c.

[0089] Furthermore, the fixing assembly 403 includes:

[0090] A positioning ring 403a, which is slidably connected to the outer side of the round rod 402;

[0091] A trigger rod 403b, which is disposed on the positioning ring 403a;

[0092] A positioning column 403c, which is disposed on the trigger rod 403b;

[0093] A first elastic member 403d, which is sleeved on the outer side of the round rod 402 and abuts against the positioning ring 403a;

[0094] The positioning rings 403a are symmetrically distributed on the outer side of the round rod 402;

[0095] The locking assembly 502 includes a pressing member 502a. When the locking assembly 502 is connected to the fixing assembly 403, the pressing member 502a can push the two symmetrical positioning rings 403a closer to each other. The pressing member 502a is arranged in a trapezoidal shape, so that when the pressing member 502a is pressed downward, it will gradually push the positioning rings 403a to slide and gather together.

[0096] A slot 502b is provided on the clamping member 502a. When the locking assembly 502 and the fixing assembly 403 are connected, the positioning column 403c can extend to the inner side of the slot 502b. The end of the slot 502b is arranged in an inclined shape. When the positioning column 403c is inserted into the slot 502b, resistance is provided to the positioning column 403c to prevent the positioning column 403c from falling off.

[0097] The fixing assembly 403 further includes hinged arms 403e respectively mounted on two symmetrical positioning rings 403a, and a top column 403f slidingly penetrating the housing 401. The top column 403f is hinged to the two hinged arms 403e. When the two positioning rings 403a slide, the two hinged arms 403e are driven to deflect, thereby driving the top column 403f to slide.

[0098] When the two positioning rings 403a are close to each other, the hinged arm 403e can push the top column 403f to move, so as to press the cushion layer 101c tightly against the insulating layer 101b.

[0099] Specifically, the locking assembly 502 further includes:

[0100] The retaining frame 502c is slidably connected to the support arm 501, and the pressing member 502a is hinged to the end of the retaining frame 502c. The hinged connection between the pressing member 502a and the retaining frame 502c uses a rebound shaft. When the pressing member 502a is deflected, 502a can rebound and reset after being released;

[0101] The second elastic member 502d is arranged between the retaining frame 502c and the support arm 501. When the retaining frame 502c moves axially away from the support arm 501, it can press the second elastic member 502d. When the clamping member 502a is pressed down, the insulating layer 101b will stretch to cause the support arm 501 to move, and then squeeze the second elastic member 502d, thereby reserving enough space for sliding. At the same time, the second elastic member 502d is used to form a pulling force on the retaining frame 502c, so that the positioning column 403c always stays in the slot 502b to prevent it from falling off.

[0102] Furthermore, a through hole is provided on the insulating layer 101b for the reserved mechanism 400 to pass through, and a skirt ring 101b-1 is provided on the insulating layer 101b at the through hole.

[0103] The rest of the structure is the same as that of Example 2.

[0104] Operation process: place the protective cushion layer 101c on the insulating layer 101b, and then press the clamping piece 502a. At this time, the positioning column 403c is on the inner side of the clamping piece 502a. During the downward pressing process, the two positioning rings 403a gather together until the positioning column 403c is inserted into the card slot 502b, thereby limiting and fixing the positioning column 403c. While sliding, the positioning ring 403a drives the two hinged arms 403e to deflect, thereby pushing the top column 403f to slide, and the protective cushion layer 101c is pressed against the insulating layer 101b and fixed. When the care layer 101c needs to be removed, the clamping piece 502a is flipped over to make the positioning column 403c disengage from the card slot 502b, and the first elastic piece 403d is used to rebound and push the positioning ring 403a to slide, thereby driving the hinged arm 403e to deflect and retract the top column 403f, so that the top column 403f no longer presses against the protective cushion layer 101c.

[0105] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a plurality of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and ratio of various elements, and parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), installation arrangements, use of materials, color, directional changes, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, the element shown as integrally formed can be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element can be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element can be changed or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present utility model. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and is not only structurally equivalent but also an equivalent structure. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0106] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of example embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may not be described.

[0107] It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort may be complex and time-consuming, but will be a routine task of design, fabrication, and production for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure without undue experimentation.

[0108] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the technical solution of the utility model can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the utility model, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. An intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning, characterized in that: include, A pad body (100) comprises a functional area (101) and a monitoring area (102) arranged at the end of the functional area (101); A monitoring mechanism (200), which is arranged in the monitoring area (102) and is used to monitor the state of the functional area (101); An alarm (300) is connected to the monitoring mechanism (200). When the functional area (101) is in an abnormal state, the monitoring mechanism (200) can transmit a signal to the alarm (300), and the alarm (300) works; The functional area (101) includes: A supporting layer (101a), which is connected to the monitoring area (102); An insulating layer (101b) detachably disposed on the supporting layer (101a); A protective cushion layer (101c) disposed on the insulating layer (101b); The support layer (101a) is provided with a reserved mechanism (400), and the insulating layer (101b) is provided with a buckling mechanism (500); The insulating layer (101b) and the supporting layer (101a) are connected via a reserved mechanism (400) and a buckling mechanism (500); When the reserved mechanism (400) and the buckle mechanism (500) are connected, the protective pad layer (101c) can be positioned on the insulating layer (101b); The reserved mechanism (400) comprises a shell (401) mounted on the supporting layer (101a), a round rod (402) supported on the inner side of the shell (401), and a fixing assembly (403) slidably arranged on the round rod (402); The buckling mechanism (500) comprises a support arm (501) mounted on the insulating layer (101b), and a locking assembly (502) arranged on the support arm (501); The fixing component (403) can be connected to the locking component (502). When the fixing component (403) and the locking component (502) are connected, the fixing component (403) fixes the protective pad layer (101c).

2. The intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring mechanism (200) comprises: A temperature sensor (201) for monitoring the temperature of the functional area (101); A humidity sensor (202) for monitoring the humidity of the functional area (101); A pressure sensor (203) for monitoring the pressure applied to the functional area (101); The odor sensor (204) is used to monitor the odor changes of the functional area (101).

3. The intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alarm (300) comprises: A controller (301), which is electrically connected to the monitoring mechanism (200) and is used to receive monitoring data from the monitoring mechanism (200); A buzzer (302) is electrically connected to the controller (301), and the controller (301) can control the buzzer (302) to perform an early warning.

4. The intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly (403) comprises: A positioning ring (403a) slidably connected to the outer side of the round rod (402); A trigger rod (403b), which is arranged on the positioning ring (403a); A positioning column (403c), which is arranged on the trigger rod (403b); A first elastic member (403d), which is sleeved on the outer side of the round rod (402) and abuts against the positioning ring (403a); The positioning rings (403a) are symmetrically distributed on the outer side of the round rod (402); The locking assembly (502) comprises a pressing member (502a), and when the locking assembly (502) and the fixing assembly (403) are connected, the pressing member (502a) can push two symmetrical positioning rings (403a) closer to each other; The pressing member (502a) is provided with a slot (502b), and when the locking assembly (502) and the fixing assembly (403) are connected, the positioning column (403c) can extend to the inner side of the slot (502b).

5. The intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing assembly (403) further comprises hinged arms (403e) respectively mounted on two symmetrical positioning rings (403a), and a top column (403f) slidingly passing through the housing (401), wherein the top column (403f) and the two hinged arms (403e) are hingedly connected; When the two positioning rings (403a) are close to each other, the hinged arm (403e) can push the top column (403f) to move, and the cushion layer (101c) is pressed tightly against the insulating layer (101b).

6. The intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking assembly (502) further includes, A retaining frame (502c) is slidably connected to the support arm (501), and the pressing member (502a) is hinged to the end of the retaining frame (502c); The second elastic member (502d) is arranged between the retaining frame (502c) and the support arm (501), and when the retaining frame (502c) moves axially away from the support arm (501), it can press the second elastic member (502d).

7. The intelligent medical nursing pad for stool recognition and early warning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating layer (101b) is provided with a through hole for the reserved mechanism (400) to pass through, and the insulating layer (101b) is provided with a skirt ring (101b-1) at the through hole.

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