Biological filter wall treatment device
By designing separate treatment chambers and filler structures in the biological filter wall, the existing biological filter walls are solved, and more efficient wastewater treatment and longer equipment service life are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421629728.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-10
AI Technical Summary
After using the existing biological filter wall for a period of time, it is inconvenient to clean and has a high cleaning frequency, which affects its processing effect.
A biological filter wall treatment device is designed, including a first treatment chamber and a second treatment chamber. There is no plant layer in the first treatment chamber to facilitate cleaning of the first filler. The second treatment chamber is equipped with a plant layer and a second filler to further remove contaminants through synergistic action.
Through the design of separating the treatment chamber and filler, the difficulty and frequency of cleaning of the first filler is reduced, the service life of the second filler is extended, the effect of wastewater treatment is improved, and the pollution to natural water bodies is reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN222961256U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of repair and maintenance, and particularly relates to a biological filter wall treatment device. Background Art
[0002] In rural areas, due to the incomplete construction of sewage collection and treatment systems, the generated wastewater easily flows into ponds and ditches along the terrain. Rainwater also drives domestic waste wastewater, livestock and poultry breeding wastewater, and fertilization wastewater into ponds and ditches, causing the self-purification ability of the surrounding natural water bodies to become unbalanced.
[0003] The wastewater flowing into ponds and ditches can be repaired by a biological filter wall. Through the combined action of fillers, microorganisms, plants, etc., a variety of complex mechanisms such as physical precipitation, filtration adsorption, and biodegradation are combined to treat the wastewater flowing into the water body.
[0004] However, after the biological filter wall is used for a period of time, due to a large amount of pollutants precipitated and filtered, it is necessary to remove the plants above and clean the fillers below to ensure the treatment effect of the biological filter wall on wastewater. The cleaning is inconvenient and the required cleaning frequency is high. Summary of the Utility Model
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a biological filter wall treatment device to solve the technical problems of inconvenient cleaning and high cleaning frequency existing in the existing biological filter wall.
[0006] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems:
[0007] The utility model discloses a biological filter wall treatment device, which is laid along the edge of the natural water body close to the human activity area. The biological filter wall treatment device includes:
[0008] A first wall, a first treatment cavity is formed between the first wall and the bank of the natural water body, and a first filler is laid in the first treatment cavity;
[0009] A second wall, a second treatment cavity is formed between the second wall and the first wall, a second filler is laid in the second treatment cavity, and a plant layer is arranged above the second filler;
[0010] The first wall is provided with a first water outlet for communicating the first treatment cavity and the second treatment cavity, and the second wall is provided with a second water outlet for communicating the second treatment cavity and the natural water body.
[0011] The beneficial effects of the present utility model at least include: Wastewater generated in the human activity area flows into the first treatment chamber from the shore due to the influence of terrain or rainfall. The wastewater passes through the first filler from top to bottom under the action of gravity, isolates and precipitates most of the solid impurities in the wastewater in the first treatment chamber, and undergoes physical adsorption, chemical conversion, and biodegradation through the first filler and the microorganisms attached thereto, removing some pollutants in the wastewater, and then flowing into the second treatment chamber through the first water outlet.
[0012] The second treatment chamber utilizes the synergistic effect of the plant layer, the second filler, and the microorganisms attached thereto to further remove pollutants in the wastewater through physical adsorption, chemical conversion, and biodegradation, effectively reducing the pollutant concentration in the wastewater. The wastewater in the second treatment chamber is discharged into the natural water body through the second water outlet, and the pollutants in the wastewater are purified through the self-purification ability of the natural water body.
[0013] Since no plant layer is provided in the first treatment chamber, the first filler can be directly taken out from the first treatment chamber, reducing the cleaning difficulty of the first filler. Since the first filler isolates and precipitates most of the solid impurities in the wastewater, the service life of the second filler is extended, the cleaning frequency of the second filler is effectively reduced, and the normal growth of the microorganisms and the plant layer in the second treatment chamber is ensured.
[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first water outlet is provided at the bottom of the first wall, the second water outlet is provided at the top of the second wall, and the second water outlet is higher than the first water outlet.
[0015] Through the above setting, the flow path of the wastewater in the biological filter wall treatment device is extended, and no power source needs to be set. After the wastewater flows through the first filler from top to bottom under the action of gravity in the first treatment chamber, it flows from the first water outlet at the bottom to the second treatment chamber. The first treatment chamber and the second treatment chamber form a communicating vessel through the first water outlet, and the pressure automatically makes the wastewater levels in the first treatment chamber and the second treatment chamber the same, so that the wastewater passes through the second filler from bottom to top and is discharged from the second water outlet.
[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the second filler is higher than the second water outlet, and the upper end surface of the first filler is higher than the upper end surface of the second filler.
[0017] Through the above setting, the first filler is higher than the second water outlet, ensuring that the wastewater pressure in the first treatment chamber can make the wastewater in the second treatment chamber be discharged from the second water outlet, preventing the wastewater in the second treatment chamber from flowing back into the first treatment chamber or overflowing from the first wall.
[0018] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the height difference between the first filler and the second filler is 20 cm to 30 cm.
[0019] With the above settings, the height difference between the two is prevented from being too large or too small. If the height difference is too large, the flow path of the wastewater in the first filler and the second filler will be shortened, reducing the treatment time of the wastewater in the biological filter wall treatment device. If the height difference is too small, the wastewater in the second treatment chamber is likely to backflow or overflow into the first treatment chamber and the shore.
[0020] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a plurality of first water outlets are provided and arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the first wall; a plurality of second water outlets are provided and arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the second wall.
[0021] With the above settings, the wastewater in the first treatment chamber can uniformly flow to the second treatment chamber through the plurality of first water outlets, and the wastewater in the second treatment chamber can uniformly flow to the natural water body through the plurality of second water outlets, improving the flow rate of the wastewater.
[0022] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, both the first water outlet and the second water outlet are wire meshes.
[0023] With the above settings, the two wire meshes are respectively used to support the upper parts of the first wall and the second wall, and the wastewater can enter the second treatment chamber or the natural water body through the gaps of the wire meshes.
[0024] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the width of the first treatment chamber is 20 cm to 30 cm, and the width of the second treatment chamber is 1 m.
[0025] With the above settings, the first treatment chamber with a width of 20 - 30 cm is sufficient for the wastewater on the shore to flow into the first treatment chamber without flowing over the first wall to the second treatment chamber, and it is convenient to take out the first filler from the first treatment chamber for cleaning. The second treatment chamber with a width of 1 m has a larger volume, increasing the residence time of the wastewater in the second treatment chamber, ensuring the treatment effect of the second filler and the microorganisms attached thereto on the wastewater, and effectively reducing the pollutant concentration of the wastewater.
[0026] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the diameter of the first filler is 3 cm to 5 cm, and the diameter of the second filler is 0.5 cm to 1 cm.
[0027] With the above settings, the first filler with a larger diameter is convenient to take out and clean, and there are larger gaps between the first fillers. While filtering and settling the solid substances in the wastewater, it can improve the flow rate of the wastewater and prevent the solid substances in the wastewater from blocking the first filler. The second filler with a smaller diameter can provide more attachment areas for the microorganisms, increasing the number of microorganisms in the second treatment chamber and ensuring the treatment effect on the wastewater pollutants.
[0028] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first filler and the second filler are one or a combination of crushed stones, ceramsite and construction waste residues.
[0029] Through the above settings, the materials of the first filler and the second filler are easily available, reducing the purchase cost and the installation cost of the biological filter wall treatment device.
[0030] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, both the first wall and the second wall are masonry walls.
[0031] Through the above settings, the first wall and the second wall made of masonry are not easily affected by the external environment and natural disasters, have strong durability and seismic resistance, and the construction method is simple, making the biological filter wall treatment device easier to manufacture. Description of the Drawings
[0032] The following will further describe the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments;
[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the biological filter wall treatment device provided by the embodiment of the present utility model.
[0034] The reference signs in the drawings are as follows:
[0035] 100, biological filter wall treatment device;
[0036] 200, first wall; 210, first water outlet;
[0037] 300, first treatment chamber; 310, first filler;
[0038] 400, second wall; 410, second water outlet;
[0039] 500, second treatment chamber; 510, second filler; 520, plant layer;
[0040] 600, natural water body;
[0041] 700, shore. Detailed Embodiments
[0042] This part will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model. The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the drawings. The role of the drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification, enabling people to intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present utility model, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0043] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that regarding the orientation description, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.
[0044] In the description of the present utility model, if there are vocabulary descriptions such as "a number of", its meaning is one or more, and the meaning of multiple is two or more. Understandings such as greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. do not include the present number, and understandings such as above, below, within, etc. include the present number. If there is a description of first, second, third, etc., it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence relationship of the indicated technical features.
[0045] In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined, words such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the technical field can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present utility model in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.
[0046] Referring to Figure 1 , several embodiments of the biological filter wall treatment device of the present utility model are given below.
[0047] As Figure 1 shown, the biological filter wall treatment device 100 of the embodiment of the present utility model is laid along the edge of the natural water body 600 close to the human activity area. Before the wastewater in the human activity area flows into the natural water body 600, it first passes through the biological filter wall treatment device 100. The biological filter wall treatment device 100 treats the wastewater to reduce the pollutant concentration in the wastewater and avoid the pollutant concentration flowing into the natural water body 600 being too high and exceeding the self-purification capacity of the natural water body 600, resulting in the natural water body 600 becoming a black and odorous water body.
[0048] It can be understood that the biological filter wall treatment device 100 includes a first wall 200. A first treatment chamber 300 is formed between the first wall 200 and the shore 700 of the natural water body 600. The wastewater flowing from the human activity area to the natural water body 600 flows into the first treatment chamber 300 along the shore 700, as Figure 1 shown.
[0049] It can be understood that the first treatment chamber 300 is paved with a first filler 310, as Figure 1As shown, microorganisms can attach to the first filler 310. When the wastewater flows into the first treatment chamber 300, the wastewater undergoes physical adsorption, chemical transformation, and biodegradation through the first filler 310 and microorganisms, achieving the removal of some organic and inorganic pollutants in the wastewater.
[0050] It can be understood that the biological filter wall treatment device 100 includes a second wall 400. The second wall 400 and the first wall 200 form a second treatment chamber 500. The first wall 200 is provided with a first water outlet 210 that conducts the first treatment chamber 300 and the second treatment chamber 500, so that the wastewater located in the first treatment chamber 300 can flow into the second treatment chamber 500 through the first water outlet 210, as Figure 1 shown.
[0051] It can be understood that a second filler 510 is laid in the second treatment chamber 500, as Figure 1 shown. Microorganisms can attach to the second filler 510. Above the second filler 510, there is a plant layer 520 with plants planted. Utilizing the synergistic effect of the second filler 510, microorganisms, and the plant layer 520, some organic and inorganic pollutants in the wastewater are further removed through physical adsorption, chemical transformation, and biodegradation, reducing the concentration of organic and inorganic pollutants in the wastewater and effectively and quickly stabilizing the water quality of the wastewater in the second treatment chamber 500.
[0052] It can be understood that the second wall 400 is provided with a second water outlet 410 that conducts the second treatment chamber 500 and the natural water body 600, so that the treated wastewater flows into the natural water body 600, and the remaining pollutants in the wastewater are purified through the self-purification ability of the natural water body 600, as Figure 1 shown.
[0053] With such a setting, the wastewater is preliminarily filtered and treated by the first filler 310, so that a large amount of solid impurities in the wastewater are filtered in the first treatment chamber 300, increasing the cleaning frequency of the first filler 310, but reducing the cleaning time and difficulty of the first filler 310. Since there are no plants in the first treatment chamber 300, people can directly take out the first filler 310 and directly transport the first filler 310 back to the first treatment chamber 300 after cleaning. The first filler 310 can be cleaned once every quarter or half a year according to the wastewater quality.
[0054] Since a large amount of solid impurities are isolated by the first filler 310 in the first treatment chamber 300, the service life of the second filler 510 is extended, the cleaning frequency of the second filler 510 is effectively reduced, and the normal growth of microorganisms and the plant layer 520 in the second treatment chamber 500 is ensured. The second filler 510 can be cleaned once every 3 to 5 years according to the wastewater quality.
[0055] It can be understood that the first water outlet 210 is provided at the bottom of the first wall 200, as Figure 1 shown. The wastewater flowing from the shore 700 to the first treatment chamber 300 passes through the first packing 310 from top to bottom under the influence of gravity before flowing into the second treatment chamber 500 from the first water outlet 210 at the bottom, ensuring that the wastewater has sufficient residence time in the first treatment chamber 300.
[0056] It can be understood that since the second water outlet 410 is connected at the bottom between the first treatment chamber 300 and the second treatment chamber 500, the first treatment chamber 300 and the second treatment chamber 500 form a communicating vessel. When the water level in the first treatment chamber 300 is higher than the first water outlet 210, the water levels of the wastewater in the first treatment chamber 300 and the second treatment chamber 500 are the same.
[0057] It can be understood that the second water outlet 410 is provided at the top of the second wall 400, and the second water outlet 410 is higher than the first water outlet 210, as Figure 1 shown. The wastewater entering the second treatment chamber 500 from the first water outlet 210 rises with the water level of the wastewater in the first treatment chamber 300 and passes through the second packing 510 from bottom to top. When the water level of the wastewater in the first treatment chamber 300 is higher than the second water outlet 410, the wastewater in the second treatment chamber 500 can flow out from the second water outlet 410, ensuring that the wastewater has sufficient residence time in the second treatment chamber 500.
[0058] With such a setting, the biological filter wall treatment device 100 does not need to be provided with a power source, and the wastewater automatically passes through the first packing 310 and the second packing 510 through the action of gravity and liquid pressure, ensuring the treatment effect of the biological filter wall treatment device 100 on the wastewater.
[0059] In some embodiments, the upper end surface of the second packing 510 is lower than the second water outlet 410 to prevent the second packing 510 from detaching from the biological filter wall treatment device 100 through the second water outlet 410 and losing the second packing 510.
[0060] In this embodiment, the upper end surface of the second packing 510 is higher than the second water outlet 410 to ensure that the wastewater is directly output from the second packing 510 to the second water outlet 410. The second water outlet 410 may be provided with a limiting structure such as a filter screen to prevent the second packing 510 from detaching from the second treatment chamber 500.
[0061] It can be understood that the upper end surface of the first packing 310 is higher than the upper end surface of the second packing 510, as Figure 1As shown, the second water outlet 410 is lower than the height of the bank 700 to ensure that the wastewater pressure in the first treatment chamber 300 can cause the wastewater in the second treatment chamber 500 to flow out from the second water outlet 410, avoiding the situation where the wastewater level in the second treatment chamber 500 is higher than the height of the bank 700, resulting in the wastewater in the second treatment chamber 500 flowing back into the first treatment chamber 300 and the bank 700 through the first water outlet 210, or the wastewater in the second treatment chamber 500 overflowing the first wall 200 and the wastewater overflowing above the first wall 200 into the first treatment chamber 300.
[0062] In this embodiment, the upper end surface of the first filler 310 is 20 to 30 centimeters higher than the upper end surface of the second filler 510, avoiding too large a height difference between the two, shortening the flow path of the wastewater between the first filler 310 and the second filler 510, and reducing the treatment time of the wastewater in the biological filter wall treatment device 100; it can also avoid too small a height difference between the two, resulting in the wastewater in the second treatment chamber 500 still flowing back or overflowing into the first treatment chamber 300 and the bank 700.
[0063] In some embodiments, there are multiple first water outlets 210, which are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the first wall 200, and all the first water outlets 210 are on the same horizontal line, so that the wastewater in the first treatment chamber 300 can flow evenly into the second treatment chamber 500 through the multiple first water outlets 210, improving the flow rate of the wastewater between the first treatment chamber 300 and the second treatment chamber 500.
[0064] Correspondingly, there are multiple second water outlets 410, which are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the second wall 400, and all the second water outlets 410 are on the same horizontal line, so that the wastewater in the second treatment chamber 500 can flow evenly into the natural water body 600 through the multiple second water outlets 410, accelerating the outflow rate of the biological filter wall treatment device 100, and preventing the inflow rate of the mixed liquid of rainwater, wastewater, etc. along the bank 700 into the biological filter wall treatment device 100 from being greater than the outflow rate of the second water outlet 410 during the rainy season, resulting in a large amount of the mixed liquid directly flowing over the first wall 200 and the second wall 400 into the natural water body 600, and part of the first filler 310 and the second filler 510 being lost due to the scouring of the mixed liquid.
[0065] It can be understood that the first water outlet 210 and the second water outlet 410 are provided with limiting structures such as filters to prevent the first filler 310 from passing through the first water outlet 210 into the second treatment chamber 500, and to prevent the second filler 510 from passing through the first water outlet 210 or the second water outlet 410, reducing the loss of the first filler 310 and the second filler 510.
[0066] It can be understood that the first water outlet 210 and the second water outlet 410 can be round holes, square holes or strip holes, and no specific limitation is made here.
[0067] In some other embodiments, both the first water outlet 210 and the second water outlet 410 are wire meshes.
[0068] It can be understood that the opposite ends of one wire mesh are respectively connected to the upper part and the lower part of the first wall 200 to stably support the upper part of the first wall 200. The wire mesh can extend along the horizontal extension direction of the first wall 200 to form an uninterrupted long strip shape, so that each part of the wastewater can flow into the second treatment chamber 500 through the gaps of the wire mesh.
[0069] Correspondingly, the opposite ends of the other wire mesh are respectively connected to the upper part and the lower part of the second wall 400 to stably support the upper part of the second wall 400. The wire mesh can extend along the horizontal extension direction of the second wall 400 to form an uninterrupted long strip shape, so that each part of the wastewater can flow into the natural water body 600 through the gaps of the wire mesh.
[0070] It can be understood that the gaps of the two wire meshes are both smaller than the diameter of the second filler 510, which can prevent the second filler 510 from entering the first treatment chamber 300 through the gaps of the wire mesh between the first treatment chamber 300 and the second treatment chamber 500, and can also prevent the second filler 510 from entering the natural water body 600 through the gaps of the wire mesh between the second treatment chamber 500 and the natural water body 600, thus preventing the loss of the second filler 510.
[0071] It can be understood that when the first water outlet 210 and the second water outlet 410 are wire meshes, there is no need to additionally set a limiting structure for restricting the separation of the first filler 310 and the second filler 510.
[0072] It can be understood that the width of the first treatment chamber 300 is 20 cm to 30 cm. The width of the first treatment chamber 300 is sufficient for the wastewater on the shore 700 to stably flow into the first treatment chamber 300. The width of the first treatment chamber 300 is relatively short, enabling the wastewater to quickly pass through the first filler 310, and filtering out insoluble solid impurities in the wastewater, such as garbage, branches and leaves, and sediment, etc., through the first filler 310.
[0073] It can be understood that the width of the second treatment chamber 500 is 1 m. By extending the width of the second treatment chamber 500, the residence time of the wastewater in the second treatment chamber 500 is increased, ensuring the treatment effect of the second filler 510 and the microorganisms attached thereto on the pollutants in the wastewater, and effectively reducing the chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), etc. in the wastewater.
[0074] It can be understood that the diameter of the first filler 310 is larger than the diameter of the second filler 510.
[0075] It can be understood that the number of the first fillers 310 with a larger diameter is small, which can not only ensure the filtration of solid substances, but also provide larger voids, enabling the wastewater to flow quickly into the second treatment chamber 500, and making it easier to take out the first fillers 310 from the first treatment chamber 300, thus making the cleaning of the first fillers 310 more convenient.
[0076] It can be understood that the number of the second fillers 510 with a smaller diameter is large, which can provide more attachment areas for microorganisms, increase the number of microorganisms in the second treatment chamber 500, and improve the treatment effect on the wastewater.
[0077] In this embodiment, the diameter of the first fillers 310 is 3 cm to 5 cm, and the diameter of the second fillers 510 is 0.5 cm to 1 cm.
[0078] It can be understood that the first fillers 310 and the second fillers 510 can be one of crushed stones, ceramsite or construction waste residues, or can be a combination of two or more of crushed stones, ceramsite and construction waste residues, reducing the purchase cost of the first fillers 310 and the second fillers 510, making the materials of the first fillers 310 and the second fillers 510 easily available, and reducing the cost of the biological filter wall treatment device 100.
[0079] It can be understood that the first wall 200 and the second wall 400 are walls made of bricks and stones. Bricks and stones are not easily affected by the external environment and natural disasters, have strong durability and seismic resistance, are simple to construct, and have a low stacking cost. Waterproof treatment is carried out with cement to improve the waterproof function of the first wall 200 and the second wall 400, preventing the wastewater from flowing into the second treatment chamber 500 through the first wall 200 before passing through the first fillers 310 completely, and preventing the wastewater from flowing into the natural water body 600 through the second wall 400 before passing through the second fillers 510 completely.
[0080] The above has specifically described the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, but the creation of the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can also make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present utility model, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.
Claims
1. A biological filter wall treatment device, characterized in that: Laid along the edge of a natural water body close to an area of human activity, the biological filter wall treatment device comprises: A first wall, wherein the first wall and the bank of the natural water body form a first treatment chamber, and a first filler is laid in the first treatment chamber; A second wall, wherein the second wall and the first wall form a second processing chamber, a second filler is laid in the second processing chamber, and a plant layer is provided above the second filler; The first wall is provided with a first water outlet connecting the first treatment chamber and the second treatment chamber, and the second wall is provided with a second water outlet connecting the second treatment chamber and a natural water body.
2. The biological filter wall treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the first wall, and the second water outlet is arranged at the top of the second wall. The second water outlet is higher than the first water outlet.
3. The biological filter wall treatment device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The second filler is higher than the second water outlet, and the upper end surface of the first filler is higher than the upper end surface of the second filler.
4. The biological filter wall treatment device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A height difference between the first filler and the second filler is 20 cm to 30 cm.
5. The biological filter wall treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are a plurality of first water outlets, which are spaced apart along the extension direction of the first wall; there are a plurality of second water outlets, which are spaced apart along the extension direction of the second wall.
6. The biological filter wall treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first water outlet and the second water outlet are both steel wire meshes.
7. The biological filter wall treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the first processing chamber is 20 cm to 30 cm, and the width of the second processing chamber is 1 m.
8. The biological filter wall treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the first filler is 3 cm to 5 cm, and the diameter of the second filler is 0.5 cm to 1 cm.