Slope crossing pipeline hanging pipe disaster monitoring and early warning device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a monitoring and early-warning device for a suspended pipe disaster of a slope-crossing pipeline, which is characterized in that a pressure-bearing spring is arranged at the top of the pipeline according to parameters such as the pipe diameter, the dead weight, the length, the buried soil thickness and the soil density of the collected slope-crossing oil and gas pipeline, and downward pre-pressure is applied to establish an early-warning model for the suspension risk of the pipeline. The monitoring and early warning device adopts the safety threshold Fa to carry out early warning on the pipeline suspension risk in advance, multiple factors of pipeline operation are comprehensively considered, the accuracy, sensitivity and practicability of monitoring and early warning are ensured, and the safety and reliability of operation of the slope crossing oil and gas pipeline are remarkably enhanced. According to the utility model, a pre-warning mechanism can be realized, so that related personnel have enough time to take emergency measures, potential disasters are avoided, the system is particularly suitable for pre-warning of oil and gas pipelines, major safety accidents such as oil and gas leakage can be effectively prevented, and potential major economic loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of pipeline geological disaster early warning and monitoring, and particularly relates to a monitoring and early warning device for the suspended pipeline disaster of a pipeline passing through a slope body. Background Technique

[0002] According to foreign statistical data, during the operation of pipelines, the causes of damage no longer mainly stem from pipe materials, welding, anti-corrosion, and other structural defects, but are caused by external forces, such as flood disasters, earthquakes, landslides, collapses, and other accidents. Relevant public data shows that external force accidents account for 50% - 60% of the total damage. Taking the Yuxi branch line of the China-Myanmar pipeline as an example, more than 90% of the areas along the line are located in mountainous and hilly terrains, with complex terrain, high mountains and deep valleys, and crisscrossed ravines, and geological disasters occur frequently. Therefore, the construction and operation of pipelines will inevitably be affected by various external factors. Especially in complex mountainous areas, geological disaster prevention and control should be incorporated into the core design of pipeline design, which includes accurate assessment of various geological disasters and taking practical and effective treatment measures to ensure the normal and safe operation of pipelines. In the case of frequent geological disasters in mountainous areas, in-depth understanding of the geological environment and taking effective prevention and control measures are the keys to ensuring the safe operation of pipelines. Improvements need to be made in engineering design, including using more durable and geologically adaptable materials, and considering the possibility of geological disasters in the design to improve the disaster resistance of pipelines. In summary, for the pipeline design in complex mountainous areas, the geological environment must be comprehensively considered and scientific and effective measures must be taken to ensure the long-term safe operation of pipelines.

[0003] The safe operation of long-distance oil and gas pipelines is greatly affected by the geological conditions along the way. Among them, in recent years, pipeline suspension disasters have occurred frequently, which has gradually attracted people's attention. During the rainy season, the pipeline passing through the slope body is severely threatened by the pipeline suspension disaster caused by soil and water loss in the pipeline trench. Further, safety accidents such as pipeline fracture, oil and gas leakage, and environmental pollution caused by pipeline suspension will lead to significant economic losses and affect the development of the social energy-related industries. Therefore, it is particularly important to realize the real-time monitoring of the water damage disaster of the pipeline passing through the slope body in a timely manner.

[0004] At present, the monitoring of pipeline suspension mainly involves the field of submarine pipeline monitoring technology. Common methods include ultrasonic sensor ranging and active temperature control distributed temperature monitoring. The technology is difficult, the device is complex, and the cost is high. There is little public research technology on the pipeline suspension disaster of slope pipelines, and it is difficult to effectively and reliably monitor and early warn the pipeline suspension disaster of the pipeline passing through the slope body accurately. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to overcome the technical problems in the background art, the utility model provides a disaster monitoring and early warning device for suspended pipes of pipelines passing through slope bodies, which can effectively and reliably monitor and early warn the suspended disasters of pipelines passing through slope bodies.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is: a disaster monitoring and early warning device for suspended pipes of pipelines passing through slope bodies, including a sealed box, and further including a bearing plate, a bearing spring, a force transmission rod, and a sliding rheostat which are arranged on the top of the pipeline passing through the slope body and are in contact with it. The bearing plate is connected to the bearing spring and the sliding rheostat arranged in the sealed box through the force transmission rod; the sliding rheostat is connected to a DC power supply and a data processor.

[0007] Furthermore, the force transmission rod, the bearing spring, and the sliding rheostat are all perpendicular to the axis of the pipeline, so as to generate a pre-pressure for the bearing spring to vertically extrude downward along the axis of the pipeline, and accurately early warn the suspended disaster at its bottom.

[0008] Furthermore, the bearing plate is in an arc shape similar to the pipeline, which can enable the bearing spring to accurately generate a pre-pressure for vertically extruding downward along the axis of the pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the DC power supply includes a storage battery and a solar photovoltaic panel, and the data processor is connected to a signal wireless transmission device. This device does not require an external power supply. Through the signal wireless transmission device, the pre-pressure data of the bearing spring can be sent to the remote monitoring center in real time, realizing automatic remote monitoring and unattended monitoring all day long.

[0010] Furthermore, the data processor includes a single-chip microcomputer and an analog-to-digital conversion module, which can convert, calculate, and process the pipeline data monitored by the bearing plate.

[0011] Furthermore, a protection box body is also provided, and the DC power supply and the data processor are installed in the protection box body to protect the internal components of the device in the field environment and improve the reliability of the device operation.

[0012] Furthermore, the protection box body is connected to a lightning protection and grounding device to effectively protect the device components and ensure the all-weather normal operation of the device in thunderstorm weather in the field.

[0013] Furthermore, at least three of the above-mentioned monitoring and early warning devices are arranged on each independent pipeline passing through the slope body and are arranged at equal intervals, and the interval is 10-30m. This design avoids the detection data deviation caused by the accidental differences of single bearing springs, and through the mutual backup of multiple bearing springs, it ensures the accuracy of the detection data and the reliability of the early warning. It can monitor the soil erosion at the bottom of the pipelines of the entire slope body, and helps to improve the reliability of the system and ensure the effective monitoring of the unbalanced suspended risk state of the pipelines.

[0014] Furthermore, the sealed box is made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy, which have excellent anti-corrosion properties and can ensure a long service life.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: According to the characteristics of the pipeline passing through the slope body, including parameters such as pipe diameter, length, inclination angle, buried soil thickness, and soil density, a pressure-bearing spring is arranged on the top of the pipeline. By applying a pre-pressure that vertically supports downward along the pipeline axis, a monitoring and early warning calculation model for the risk of pipeline suspension and the corresponding early warning method are established; according to the setting of the pre-pressure safety threshold Fa for monitoring and early warning, the risk of pipeline suspension in the slope body can be sensitively and reliably warned in advance. The monitoring and early warning of this device have the advantages of high precision, high sensitivity, low cost, and practicality, effectively improving the safety and reliability of the operation of the oil and gas pipeline passing through the slope body. This device can give an early warning in time before the occurrence of pipeline suspension disasters, providing sufficient time for relevant personnel to take emergency measures and avoiding major disasters. The present utility model is especially suitable for the early warning of oil and gas pipelines, can effectively prevent major safety accidents such as oil and gas leakage, and reduces potential economic losses. The practical application value and technical effect of this device can bring a significant improvement to the safe operation of oil and gas pipelines.

[0016] This device is powered by a solar photovoltaic panel, and the signal wireless transmission device can transmit the pre-pressure of the pipeline pressure-bearing spring and the early warning data to the remote monitoring center in real time. It realizes all-weather and unattended automatic monitoring operation on-site, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of pipeline suspension risk monitoring and early warning. This device makes the monitoring system more intelligent and convenient, providing reliable technical support for the safety and stability of pipeline operation. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is the implementation schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the partial enlarged view of.

[0020] Components and numbers in the figure:

[0021] 1 - bearing plate; 2 - sliding rheostat; 3 - pipeline; 5 - sealed box; 6 - force transfer rod; 7 - pressure-bearing spring; 30 - protection box; 31 - DC power supply; 41 - data processor; 61 - signal wireless transmission device. Specific Embodiments

[0022] The following embodiments are intended to illustrate a disaster monitoring and early warning device for a suspended pipe of an oil and gas pipeline passing through a slope body. It can give early warnings in advance before the oil and gas pipeline passing through the slope body becomes suspended, effectively reducing the risk of damage to the oil and gas pipeline. It should be emphasized that the description of these embodiments is only for explaining the present utility model and should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] As Figure 1 shown, a disaster monitoring and early warning device for a suspended pipe of an oil and gas pipeline passing through a slope body includes a sealed box 5, and also includes a bearing plate 1, a bearing spring 7, a force transmission rod 6, and a sliding rheostat 2 that are arranged on the top of the oil and gas pipeline 3 passing through the slope body and are in contact with it. The bearing plate 1 is connected to the bearing spring 7 and the sliding rheostat 2 arranged in the sealed box 5 through the force transmission rod 6; the sliding rheostat 2 is connected to a DC power supply 31 and a data processor 41.

[0024] The force transmission rod 6, the bearing spring 7, and the sliding rheostat 2 are all perpendicular to the axis of the pipeline 3, and are used for the bearing spring 7 to generate a pre-pressure that presses downward perpendicular to its axis on the pipeline 3, so as to accurately give an early warning of the suspension disaster at its bottom.

[0025] The bearing plate 1 is in an arc shape similar to the pipeline 3, which can enable the bearing spring 7 to accurately generate a pre-pressure that presses downward perpendicular to the axis of the pipeline 3 on the pipeline 3.

[0026] The DC power supply 31 includes a storage battery and a solar photovoltaic panel, and the data processor 41 is connected to a signal wireless transmission device 61. This device does not require an external power supply. Through the signal wireless transmission device 61, the pre-pressure data of the bearing spring 7 can be sent to the remote monitoring center in real time, realizing automatic remote monitoring and unattended monitoring all day long.

[0027] The data processor 41 includes a single-chip microcomputer and an analog-to-digital conversion module, and can convert, calculate, and process the data of the pipeline 3 monitored by the bearing plate 1.

[0028] A protection box body 31 is also provided, and the DC power supply 31 and the data processor 41 are installed in the protection box body 30 to protect the internal components of the device in the field environment and improve the reliability of the device operation.

[0029] The protection box body 30 is connected to a lightning protection and grounding device. It effectively protects the device components and ensures the normal operation of the device all day long in the field thunderstorm weather.

[0030] Each independent pipeline 3 passing through the slope body is provided with at least three of the monitoring and warning devices, which are arranged at equal intervals, and the interval is 10-30 m. This design avoids the deviation of detection data caused by the accidental differences of single pressure-bearing springs 7, and through the mutual backup of multiple pressure-bearing springs 7, it ensures the accuracy of detection data and the reliability of warning. It can monitor the soil and water loss at the bottom of the pipeline 3 of the entire slope body, and helps to improve the reliability of the system, ensuring the effective monitoring of the unbalanced suspended risk state of the pipeline 3.

[0031] Implementation process: As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the specific monitoring and warning implementation process of the present utility model includes the following steps:

[0032] Step A. A pressure-bearing spring 7 is arranged at the top of the pipeline 3 passing through the slope body; the pressure-bearing spring 7 generates a pre-pressure that presses vertically downward along its axis on the pipeline 3, and the pressure-bearing spring 7 is connected to a sliding rheostat 2, and the sliding rheostat 2 converts this pre-pressure value into an electrical signal through a DC power supply 31; the method for the pressure-bearing spring 7 to convert the pre-pressure into an electrical signal is as follows:

[0033] The pre-pressure value F of the pressure-bearing spring 7 t According to Hooke's law F t =kΔx to obtain the deformation amount Δx of the pressure-bearing spring 7, where k is the elastic coefficient and Δx is the deformation amount of the pressure-bearing spring 7, with the unit of m;

[0034] The pre-pressure value F t is equal to F a +F c -G 2 cosθ, when Δx = L, Δx is the critical deformation amount of the pressure-bearing spring 7, and the corresponding critical resistance value R' of the sliding rheostat 2 at this time: R' = ρL / S;

[0035] Where in the formula: R' is the critical resistance value, with the unit of Ω; L is the length of the resistance wire of the sliding rheostat 2 connected to the DC power supply 31 circuit, with the unit of m; S is the cross-sectional area of the resistance wire, with the unit of m 2 ; ρ is the resistivity of the resistance wire, with the unit of Ω·m;

[0036] The corresponding critical warning current value is I': According to Ohm's law R' = U / I', calculate to obtain I';

[0037] In the formula: R' is the critical warning resistance value, with the unit of Ω; U is the power supply voltage, with the unit of V; I' is the critical warning current, that is, the current warning threshold, with the unit of A.

[0038] Step B. Collect the data parameters of the slope gradient, the pipeline 3 diameter, and the pipe trench, establish a critical support force warning calculation model for the pipeline 3, and define the force perpendicular to the axis of the pipeline 3 as F n : Fn = G 2 cosθ + F t ,

[0039] In the formula: G 2 = ρ 密 V s g

[0040] V s = l s b s h s

[0041] F t = kΔx

[0042] In the above formula, F n is the force perpendicular to the axis of pipeline 3 and downward, with the unit of N; G 2 is the soil pressure on the upper part of pipeline 3, with the unit of N; ρ 密 is the density of the soil covering the upper part of pipeline 3, with the unit of Kg / m 3 ; V s is the volume of the soil covering the upper part of pipeline 3, with the unit of m 3 ; l s is the length of the soil covering the upper part of pipeline 3, measured by the actual length of pipeline 3 passing through the slope body, with the unit of m; b s is the width of the soil covering the upper part of pipeline 3, i.e., the diameter of pipeline 3, with the unit of m; h s is the thickness of the soil covering the upper part of pipeline 3, with the unit of m; θ is the inclination angle of pipeline 3 buried along the slope body, with the unit of degree °; F t is the pre-pressure generated by the pressure-bearing spring 7 on pipeline 3, perpendicular to its axis and downward, with the unit of N; k is the elastic coefficient; Δx is the deformation of the pressure-bearing spring 7, with the unit of m;

[0043] Define the force perpendicular to the axis of pipeline 3 and upward as F z : F z = F c

[0044] In the formula: F z is the force perpendicular to the axis of pipeline 3 and upward, with the unit of N; F c is the upward supporting force perpendicular to the axis of pipeline 3 at the bottom of pipeline 3, with the unit of N;

[0045] Step C. Establish a critical warning calculation model and set the safety threshold F a of the pre-pressure of the pressure-bearing spring 7 a : F n

[0046] Where in the formula: F ais the safety threshold of the pre-pressure, with the unit of N; λ is the safety factor, and its value range is 0.3 - 0.5, F n is the force perpendicular to the axis of pipeline 3 and downward, with the unit of N;

[0047] The resultant force perpendicular to the axis of pipeline 3 is F 合 : F 合 = F n - F z

[0048] Derivation: F 合 = G 2 cosθ + F t - F c ;

[0049] Wherein in the formula: F 合 is the resultant force perpendicular to the axis of pipeline 3, with the unit of N; F n is the force perpendicular to the axis of pipeline 3 and downward, with the unit of N; F z is the force perpendicular to the axis of pipeline 3 and upward, with the unit of N;

[0050] Compare F a and F 合 . When F 合 < F a , pipeline 3 is in a normal state; when F 合 ≥ F a , it reaches the critical state, and pipeline 3 has the risk of suspension;

[0051] Step D. By real-time monitoring of the pre-pressure value F converted into an electrical signal by the sliding rheostat 2 connected to the pressure-bearing spring 7 t , when the pre-pressure value F t is less than F a + F c - G 2 cosθ, pipeline 3 is in a normal state; when the slope body has the trend of soil and water loss, the soil at the bottom of pipeline 3 becomes loose, and the upward supporting force F c perpendicular to the axis of pipeline 3 at the bottom of pipeline 3 begins to decrease. When the pre-pressure value F t is greater than or equal to F a + F c - G 2 cosθ, it reaches the critical warning state. After calculation and processing by the data processor 41, it is judged that pipeline 3 has the risk of suspension; a suspension pipeline disaster warning is sent through the signal wireless transmitting device 61.

[0052] Among them, each independent pipeline 3 passing through the slope body is provided with at least three monitoring and warning devices, which are arranged at equal intervals. This design avoids the deviation of detection data caused by the accidental differences of individual pressure-bearing springs 7, and through the mutual backup of multiple pressure-bearing springs 7, it ensures the accuracy of detection data and the reliability of early warning. It can monitor the soil erosion at the bottom of the pipeline 3 of the entire slope body, and helps to improve the reliability of the system, ensuring the effective monitoring of the unbalanced suspension risk state of the pipeline 3.

[0053] The distance between adjacent monitoring and warning devices is 10 - 30m. The distance can be adjusted according to the pipe diameter and stiffness of the pipeline 3 to meet the sensitivity requirements of early warning.

[0054] Among them, in step A, a bearing plate 1 is attached to the top of the pipeline 3. The bearing plate 1 has the same arc as the pipeline 3. The bearing plate 1 is connected to the pressure-bearing spring 7 and the sliding rheostat 2 through a force transmission rod 6, increasing the accuracy of pre-pressure detection.

[0055] If the monitoring and warning device is damaged due to debris flow or other reasons, an abnormal alarm will occur, and it will be dealt with in time by relevant personnel.

[0056] This device uses a solar photovoltaic panel as the power source. The data processor 41 transmits the real-time data of the pre-pressure of the pressure-bearing spring 7 of the slope body pipeline 3 to the remote monitoring center through the signal transmitter 61, realizing all-weather and unattended automatic monitoring operation on-site, and significantly improving the efficiency and monitoring accuracy of the risk monitoring and early warning of the suspension of the slope body pipeline 3.

Claims

1. A monitoring and early warning device for disasters of suspended pipes crossing a slope, comprising a sealing box (5), characterized in that: It also includes a pressure plate (1) disposed on the top of the pipeline passing through the slope and in contact with the pipeline, a pressure spring (7), a force transmission rod (6), and a sliding rheostat (2); the pressure plate (1) is connected to the pressure spring (7) and the sliding rheostat (2) disposed in the sealing box (5) through the force transmission rod (6); the sliding rheostat (2) is connected to a DC power supply (31) and a data processor (41); The force transmission rod (6), the pressure-bearing spring (7) and the sliding rheostat (2) are all perpendicular to the axis of the pipeline; The pressure bearing plate (1) is in an arc shape similar to the pipeline; The DC power supply (31) includes a storage battery and a solar photovoltaic panel, and the data processor (41) is connected to a signal wireless transmission device (61); The data processor (41) includes a single chip microcomputer and an analog-to-digital conversion module; The DC power supply (31) and the data processor (41) are installed in the protective box (30); The protection box (30) is connected to a lightning protection grounding device; Each independent pipeline passing through the slope is provided with at least three monitoring and early warning devices, which are arranged equidistantly with a spacing of 10 to 30 m.

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