Operating forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pair of operating forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy, belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and solves the problem that the reaming size is difficult to control when a trachea is reamed by a pair of common operating forceps. The operating forceps are provided with a first gear and a second gear which are rotationally arranged in a forceps body shell; the first gear and the second gear are fixedly connected with the first gripper arm and the second gripper arm respectively; a first supporting claw is fixedly arranged at the tail end of the first gripper arm, and the first supporting claw is perpendicular to the first gripper arm; a second supporting claw is fixedly arranged at the tail end of the second gripper arm and is perpendicular to the second gripper arm. The rack is meshed with the first gear and the second gear to drive the first gripper arm and the second gripper arm to synchronously and reversely rotate, so that the first supporting claw and the second supporting claw get close to each other or get away from each other. According to the operating forceps, the opening angle of the first forceps holder and the opening angle of the second forceps holder can be adjusted through the gear and rack mechanism, and accurate control over the size of a trachea pore is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy. Background Art

[0002] Percutaneous tracheostomy technology is a commonly used treatment technology for critically ill patients. For patients with artificial airway assisted mechanical ventilation, the commonly used artificial airway is endotracheal intubation. With the prolongation of mechanical ventilation time, endotracheal intubation has more clinical complications and patient discomfort. Clinically, tracheotomy tubes need to be placed for such mechanically ventilated patients, and the technology of establishing a tracheotomy channel is percutaneous tracheostomy. The basic steps of tracheostomy technology are as follows: First, the skin and muscle layer are incised at two transverse fingers below the patient's laryngeal prominence, and then an incision is made on the trachea; and the trachea is separated by surgical forceps to expand the incision for creating a hole, and finally a tracheotomy tube is placed in the tracheal hole to achieve assisted ventilation.

[0003] Existing tracheotomy operation techniques usually use medical forceps to separate and create holes in the tracheal incision. However, when using forceps for blunt separation of the trachea, it is impossible to accurately control the size of tracheal separation, and it is easy to cause the tracheal hole to be too large due to excessive force, affecting the ventilation effect and the efficiency of the patient's postoperative recovery.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to provide a surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy to achieve precise and controllable tracheal separation. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of the above analysis, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy to solve the problem that existing tracheotomy operation techniques usually use forceps to separate and create holes in the tracheal incision, but when using forceps for blunt separation of the trachea, it is impossible to accurately control the size of tracheal separation, and it is easy to cause the tracheal hole to be too large due to excessive force.

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is mainly achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy, comprising: a forceps body shell, a first forceps jaw, a second forceps jaw, a first support jaw and a second support jaw, a first gear, a second gear and a rack;

[0008] The first gear and the second gear are both rotatably installed inside the forceps body shell; the first gear is fixedly connected to the first forceps jaw, and the second gear is fixedly connected to the second forceps jaw; a first support jaw is fixedly arranged at the end of the first forceps jaw, and the first support jaw is perpendicular to the first forceps jaw; a second support jaw is fixedly arranged at the end of the second forceps jaw, and the second support jaw is perpendicular to the second forceps jaw;

[0009] Meshing teeth are provided on both sides of the rack, and the meshing teeth on both sides are simultaneously engaged with the first gear and the second gear for transmission; when the rack is displaced linearly, the first gear and the second gear rotate synchronously in the opposite direction, and at the same time, the first jaw and the second jaw rotate synchronously in the opposite direction; when the first jaw and the second jaw rotate synchronously in the opposite direction, the first support jaw and the second support jaw approach or move away from each other.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes: a fixed sleeve, a threaded screw and an operating handle; the threaded screw is screwed to the inside of the fixed sleeve through a thread; one end of the threaded screw is fixedly connected to the operating handle, and the other end is rotatably connected to the rack; when the operating handle is rotated, the threaded screw rotates along its own axis and can drive the rack to move linearly relative to the fixed sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, a sliding block is provided at the end of the rack, and the sliding block is slidably installed in the slider channel of the caliper body housing; a connecting shaft is fixedly provided at the end of the threaded screw; and the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the sliding block through a first bearing.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the slider channel is connected to the outer surface of the caliper body shell, and the other end is connected to the gear installation cavity inside the caliper body shell.

[0013] Furthermore, a bearing mounting hole is arranged on the end surface of the sliding block, the outer ring of the first bearing is fixedly mounted in the bearing mounting hole, and the inner ring of the first bearing is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the connecting shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, a first support claw is provided at one end of the first clamp claw, and a fixed plate is provided at the other end; the fixed plate is an annular structure and is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first gear; the first gear is rotatably installed in the gear installation cavity of the clamp body housing through a hinge shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, a strip-shaped slot is provided on the side surface of the pliers body shell; the first pliers jaw and the second pliers jaw both extend out from the strip-shaped slot.

[0016] Furthermore, the caliper body housing and the fixed shaft sleeve are both fixedly mounted above the base plate.

[0017] Furthermore, a handle is fixedly provided below the bottom plate, and the handle serves as a holding structure for an operator to hold the surgical forceps.

[0018] Furthermore, the first supporting claw and the second supporting claw are both semicircular cylinders.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the utility model has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy of the present utility model, when the first jaw and the second jaw are separated driven by the first gear and the second gear, the first support jaw and the second support jaw also open synchronously, capable of expanding the tracheal incision to a size that allows the insertion of a tracheal cannula; by setting the first support jaw perpendicular to the first jaw and the second support jaw perpendicular to the second jaw, when expanding the tracheal incision, the first support jaw and the second support jaw are vertically inserted into the incision for expansion, and the first jaw, the second jaw and the main body structure of the surgical forceps all remain horizontal, which can effectively avoid blocking the sight line and facilitate medical staff to observe the expansion state in real time.

[0021] 2. The surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy of the present utility model drives the first gear and the second gear to rotate synchronously and reversely by setting a rack with bilateral meshing teeth, realizes the opening of the first jaw and the second jaw, and can control the opening angle of the two jaws by controlling the displacement distance of the rack, realizes the controllable adjustment of the opening distance of the first support jaw and the second support jaw, and can ensure the precise control of the expansion size.

[0022] 3. The surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy of the present utility model, by setting a lead screw nut pair composed of a fixed bushing and a threaded lead screw, can realize the synchronous driving of the rack to move forward and backward during the rotation of the threaded lead screw relative to the fixed bushing, and because the rack is rotationally connected with the threaded lead screw, the threaded lead screw can only drive the rack to displace, but will not cause the rack to rotate. By controlling the number of rotation turns of the threaded lead screw, the precise control of the displacement distance of the rack can be realized; in the present utility model, by precisely controlling the displacement distance of the rack, the precise control of the opening angle of the support jaw is realized.

[0023] 4. The surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy of the present utility model sets a sliding block fixedly connected with the rack, and the sliding block is slidably installed in the slider channel of the forceps body shell. Through the sliding fit of the sliding block and the slider channel, the rack can only move forward and backward unidirectionally, realizing the restriction of the movement of the rack and ensuring the reliability of the movement of the surgical forceps.

[0024] In the present utility model, the above technical solutions can also be combined with each other to realize more preferred combination schemes. Other features and advantages of the present utility model will be described in the subsequent specification, and some advantages can be obvious from the specification or understood by implementing the present utility model. The purpose and other advantages of the present utility model can be realized and obtained from the content specifically pointed out in the specification and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings are only for the purpose of showing specific embodiments and are not considered as a limitation to the present utility model. Throughout the drawings, the same reference signs represent the same components.

[0026] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the front view of the surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy in

[0028] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the top view of the surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy in

[0029] Figure 4 is Figure 1 the schematic diagram of the open state of the surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy in

[0030] Figure 5 is Figure 1 the cross-sectional view of the surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy in the open state in

[0031] Figure 6 the structural schematic diagram of the first jaw;

[0032] Figure 7 the structural schematic diagram of the rack structure.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 1 - forceps body housing; 2 - bottom plate; 3 - handle; 4 - fixed shaft sleeve; 5 - threaded screw rod; 6 - operating handle; 7 - first jaw; 8 - second jaw; 9 - first support jaw; 10 - second support jaw; 11 - first gear; 12 - second gear; 13 - rack; 14 - connecting shaft; 15 - gear installation cavity; 16 - slider channel; 17 - hinge shaft; 18 - fixed disk; 19 - meshing teeth; 20 - slider; 21 - bearing installation hole; 22 - strip-shaped slot. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The following will specifically describe the preferred embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings, where the accompanying drawings form a part of the present utility model and are used together with the embodiments of the present utility model to explain the principle of the present utility model, rather than to limit the scope of the present utility model.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] A specific embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 discloses the surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy of the present utility model, including: forceps body housing 1, first jaw 7, second jaw 8, first support jaw 9 and second support jaw 10, first gear 11, second gear 12 and rack 13.

[0038] The first gear 11 and the second gear 12 are both rotatably mounted on the pliers body housing 1; the first gear 11 is fixedly connected to the first jaw 7, and the second gear 12 is fixedly connected to the second jaw 8; a first supporting jaw 9 is fixedly arranged at the end of the first jaw 7, and the first supporting jaw 9 is perpendicular to the first jaw 7; a second supporting jaw 10 is fixedly arranged at the end of the second jaw 8, and the second supporting jaw 10 is perpendicular to the second jaw 8; preferably, the first supporting jaw 9 and the first jaw 7 are fixed by welding or integrally formed; the second supporting jaw 10 and the second jaw 8 are fixed by welding or integrally formed.

[0039] As Figure 5 shown, meshing teeth 19 are arranged on both sides of the rack 13, and the rack 13 is in meshing transmission with the first gear 11 and the second gear 12 through the meshing teeth 19 on both sides at the same time.

[0040] Specifically, when the rack 13 linearly displaces, the first gear 11 and the second gear 12 rotate synchronously and in opposite directions, and at the same time, the first jaw 7 and the second jaw 8 rotate synchronously and in opposite directions; when the first jaw 7 and the second jaw 8 rotate synchronously and in opposite directions, the first supporting jaw 9 and the second supporting jaw 10 approach or move away from each other. When the first supporting jaw 9 and the second supporting jaw 10 approach each other, the surgical forceps are in a closed state; when the first supporting jaw 9 and the second supporting jaw 10 move away from each other, the surgical forceps are in an open state and can expand the tracheal incision.

[0041] Furthermore, the surgical forceps of the present invention further include: a fixed shaft sleeve 4, a threaded screw rod 5 and an operating handle 6; the threaded screw rod 5 is threadedly connected inside the fixed shaft sleeve 4; one end of the threaded screw rod 5 is fixedly connected to the operating handle 6, and the other end is rotatably connected to the rack 13; when the operating handle 6 rotates, the threaded screw rod 5 rotates along its own axis and can drive the rack 13 to linearly displace relative to the fixed shaft sleeve 4.

[0042] In the present invention, through the meshing transmission of the rack 13 with the first gear 11 and the second gear 12, the first gear 11 and the second gear 12 can be driven to rotate synchronously and in opposite directions, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of the first jaw 7 and the second jaw 8 and the opening or closing of the first supporting jaw 9 and the second supporting jaw 10.

[0043] Furthermore, as Figure 5 , Figure 7 shown, a sliding block 20 is arranged at the end of the rack 13, and the sliding block 20 is slidably mounted in the slider channel 16 of the pliers body housing 1; a connecting shaft 14 is fixedly arranged at the end of the threaded screw rod 5; the connecting shaft 14 is rotatably connected to the sliding block 20 through a first bearing.

[0044] Furthermore, as Figure 5As shown, one end of the slider channel 16 communicates with the outer surface of the pliers body housing 1, and the other end communicates with the gear installation cavity 15. In the present utility model, by providing that the slider channel 16 communicates with the outer surface of the pliers body housing 1, the slider 20 can be connected to the connecting shaft 14 at the end of the threaded lead screw 5; by providing that the slider channel 16 communicates with the gear installation cavity 15, the rack 13 can be meshed and driven with the first gear 11 and the second gear 12.

[0045] As Figure 7 shown, a bearing installation hole 21 is provided on the end face of the slider 20, the outer ring of the first bearing is fixedly installed in the bearing installation hole 21, and the inner ring of the first bearing is fixedly sleeved outside the connecting shaft 14. Preferably, the slider 20 and the connecting shaft 14 are fixedly connected to the outer ring and the inner ring of the first bearing respectively by interference fit or welding.

[0046] In a specific embodiment of the present utility model, as Figure 5 、 Figure 6 shown, one end of the first pliers jaw 7 is provided with a first supporting jaw 9, and the other end is provided with a fixing disk 18; the fixing disk 18 is of an annular structure and is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first gear 11; the first gear 11 is rotatably installed in the gear installation cavity 15 of the pliers body housing 1 through a hinge shaft 17. Specifically, the fixing disk 18 is a circular ring structure integrally formed with the first pliers jaw 7, and the fixing disk 18 and the first gear 11 are coaxial.

[0047] In a specific embodiment of the present utility model, the hinge shaft 17 is fixedly connected to the first gear 11 and is rotatably connected to the inner side wall surface of the gear installation cavity 15 of the pliers body housing 1 through a second bearing; or the hinge shaft 17 is rotatably connected to the first gear 11 through a second bearing and is simultaneously fixedly connected to the inner side wall surface of the gear installation cavity 15 of the pliers body housing 1.

[0048] Similarly, the connection manner of the second pliers jaw 8 and the second gear 12 is the same as the connection manner of the first pliers jaw 7 and the first gear 11.

[0049] Furthermore, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 shown, a strip-shaped slot 22 is opened on the side surface of the pliers body housing 1; both the first pliers jaw 7 and the second pliers jaw 8 extend out from the strip-shaped slot 22. Specifically, one end of the first pliers jaw 7 and the second pliers jaw 8 is fixedly connected to the first gear 11 or the second gear 12, and the other end extends out from the strip-shaped slot 22.

[0050] Furthermore, as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown, both the pliers body housing 1 and the fixed shaft sleeve 4 are fixedly installed above the bottom plate 2.

[0051] Specifically, a threaded hole is provided in the middle of the fixed sleeve 4, and the fixed sleeve 4 is screwed together with the threaded screw 5 through the threaded hole; when the threaded screw 5 rotates forward or reversely, it can move forward or backward along its own axial direction.

[0052] Specifically, the slider channel 16 disposed on the side of the caliper housing 1 is coaxial with the threaded hole of the fixed sleeve 4; thus, when the threaded screw 5 is displaced, the sliding block 20 and the rack 13 can be pushed to be displaced.

[0053] Furthermore, a handle 3 is fixedly disposed below the bottom plate 2, and the handle 3 is used as a holding structure for an operator to hold the surgical forceps. Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the handle 3 is arranged perpendicular to the base plate 2; when in use, the base plate 2 is placed horizontally, one hand holds the handle 3, and the other hand rotates the operating handle 6 to adjust the opening angle of the surgical forceps.

[0054] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first claw 9 and the second claw 10 are both semicircular cylinders, and the two are symmetrically arranged. The first claw 9 and the second claw 10 can be assembled into a cylinder after closing.

[0055] Alternatively, in another specific implementation manner of the present invention, the first claw 9 and the second claw 10 are semi-elliptical cylinders, and the two are symmetrically arranged; the first claw 9 and the second claw 10 can be assembled into an elliptical cylinder after being closed.

[0056] When implementing:

[0057] First, the operator inserts the first claw 9 and the second claw 10 into the tracheotomy.

[0058] Then, one hand holds the handle 3 and the other hand rotates the operating handle 6; the operating handle 6 drives the threaded screw 5 to rotate, and the threaded screw 5 moves toward the direction of the rack 13; the threaded screw 5 pushes the sliding block 20 to slide along the slider channel 16 toward the first gear 11 and the second gear 12 through the connecting shaft 14 at the end.

[0059] Further, the sliding block 20 drives the rack 13 to move in the direction of the first gear 11 and the second gear 12, and at the same time, the rack 13 pushes the first gear 11 and the second gear 12 to rotate in the opposite direction; the first gear 11 and the second gear 12 drive the first jaw 7 and the second jaw 8 fixedly connected thereto to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby enabling the first claw 9 and the second claw 10 to move away from each other, thereby realizing the expansion operation of the tracheal incision.

[0060] Finally, after the reaming is completed, the first supporting claw 9 and the second supporting claw 10 are taken out from the tracheal puncture hole, and the operating handle is rotated in the reverse direction, so that the first supporting claw 9 and the second supporting claw 10 can be restored to the state of being mutually attached, as Figure 1 shown.

[0061] It should be noted that: the structural form of the surgical forceps provided in the attached drawings of the present utility model is only used to assist in explaining its structural composition and usage principle, and does not represent the true size or proportion of the surgical forceps of the present utility model for percutaneous tracheostomy. Without changing the technical principle, the adjustment of the dimensions and shapes of the components all fall within the protection scope of the patent of the present utility model.

[0062] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present utility model should be covered by the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy, characterized in that: include: A pliers housing (1), a first pliers jaw (7), a second pliers jaw (8), a first support jaw (9), a second support jaw (10), a first gear (11), a second gear (12) and a rack (13); The first gear (11) and the second gear (12) are both rotatably mounted inside the jaw housing (1); the first gear (11) is fixedly connected to the first jaw (7), and the second gear (12) is fixedly connected to the second jaw (8); a first support claw (9) is fixedly arranged at the end of the first jaw (7), and the first support claw (9) is perpendicular to the first jaw (7); a second support claw (10) is fixedly arranged at the end of the second jaw (8), and the second support claw (10) is perpendicular to the second jaw (8); Meshing teeth (19) are provided on both sides of the rack (13), and the meshing teeth (19) on both sides are meshed with the first gear (11) and the second gear (12) for transmission; when the rack (13) moves linearly, the first gear (11) and the second gear (12) rotate synchronously in the opposite direction, and the first jaw (7) and the second jaw (8) rotate synchronously in the opposite direction; when the first jaw (7) and the second jaw (8) rotate synchronously in the opposite direction, the first support jaw (9) and the second support jaw (10) move closer to or farther away from each other.

2. The surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A fixed shaft sleeve (4), a threaded screw (5) and an operating handle (6); the threaded screw (5) is screwed into the interior of the fixed shaft sleeve (4) via a thread; one end of the threaded screw (5) is fixedly connected to the operating handle (6), and the other end is rotatably connected to the rack (13); when the operating handle (6) rotates, the threaded screw (5) rotates along its own axis and can drive the rack (13) to move linearly relative to the fixed shaft sleeve (4).

3. The surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sliding block (20) is provided at the end of the rack (13), and the sliding block (20) is slidably installed in a slider channel (16) of the caliper housing (1); a connecting shaft (14) is fixedly provided at the end of the threaded screw (5); the connecting shaft (14) is rotatably connected to the sliding block (20) via a first bearing.

4. The surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the slider channel (16) is connected to the outer surface of the caliper housing (1), and the other end is connected to the gear installation cavity (15) inside the caliper housing (1).

5. The surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy according to claim 4, characterized in that: A bearing mounting hole (21) is provided on the end surface of the sliding block (20), the outer ring of the first bearing is fixedly mounted in the bearing mounting hole (21), and the inner ring of the first bearing is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the connecting shaft (14).

6. The surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A first support claw (9) is provided at one end of the first clamp claw (7), and a fixed plate (18) is provided at the other end; the fixed plate (18) is an annular structure and is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the first gear (11); the first gear (11) is rotatably mounted in the gear mounting cavity (15) of the clamp body housing (1) via a hinge shaft (17).

7. The surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: A strip-shaped slot (22) is provided on the side of the pliers housing (1); the first pliers claw (7) and the second pliers claw (8) both extend out of the strip-shaped slot (22).

8. The surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The caliper housing (1) and the fixed shaft sleeve (4) are both fixedly mounted above the base plate (2).

9. The surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy according to claim 8, characterized in that: A handle (3) is fixedly arranged below the bottom plate (2), and the handle (3) serves as a holding structure for enabling an operator to hold the surgical forceps.

10. The surgical forceps for percutaneous tracheostomy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first supporting claw (9) and the second supporting claw (10) are both semicircular cylinders.

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