Gearbox and loader

Abstract

The utility model provides a speed changing box and a loading machine. The speed changing box and the loading machine aim to solve the problems that a speed changing box is high in cost and low in gear shifting reliability. The gearbox comprises a gearbox shell, the gearbox shell is internally provided with a first containing cavity, and the gearbox shell is provided with an opening communicating with the first containing cavity; the first shell is connected with the gearbox shell, and a hydraulic cavity is formed in the first shell; the movable part is partially located in the hydraulic cavity and divides the hydraulic cavity into a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity in the first direction, the movable part can move relative to the first shell in the first direction, and one end of the movable part extends out of the hydraulic cavity; and the gear shifting piece is connected with the movable piece, and the gear shifting piece extends into the first containing cavity through the opening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly relates to a transmission and a loader. Background Art

[0002] In a related electric loader, a hydraulic control clutch is used to shift gears of the transmission. A plurality of shift clutches are arranged in the transmission. The hydraulic system controls the shift clutches of different gears to be engaged or disengaged, so that the gears of a preset transmission route are engaged, thereby realizing the gear shift of the transmission.

[0003] However, using a clutch for gear shifting will increase the cost of the transmission, and the transmission will heat up during operation, the internal clutch will be sintered by heat, and the reliability of gear shifting will also be reduced. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application provides a transmission and a loader to improve the problems of high cost of the transmission and low reliability of gear shifting.

[0005] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a transmission. The transmission includes: a transmission housing with a first accommodation cavity inside, and an opening communicating with the first accommodation cavity is provided on the transmission housing; a first housing connected to the transmission housing and having a hydraulic cavity inside; a movable member, part of which is located in the hydraulic cavity and divides the hydraulic cavity into a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity along a first direction, the movable member can move relative to the first housing along the first direction, and one end of the movable member extends out of the hydraulic cavity; a shift member connected to the movable member, and the shift member extends into the first accommodation cavity through the opening.

[0007] In the present application, the hydraulic cavity, the movable member and the shift member are used to realize the gear shift of the transmission. In this way, it is not necessary to arrange shift clutches inside the transmission, which is beneficial to reducing the cost of the transmission. Moreover, there is no problem of damage to the clutch due to high temperature, which is also beneficial to improving the reliability and safety of gear shifting. In addition, the first housing is located outside the transmission housing, in other words, a part of the movable member and the shift member is located outside the transmission housing, which is also beneficial to improving the convenience of maintenance and replacement of each component.

[0008] In some embodiments, a second accommodation cavity is further provided inside the first housing on a side of the hydraulic cavity away from the shift member, the second accommodation cavity is isolated from the hydraulic cavity, and the movable member also extends into the second accommodation cavity; the transmission further includes a position sensor arranged in the second accommodation cavity, and the position sensor is used to detect the relative position between the movable member and the first housing.

[0009] In some embodiments, the position sensor is one of a photoelectric position sensor, an inductive position sensor, and a magnetic position sensor.

[0010] In some embodiments, the transmission further includes a controller and an oil pump communicated with the hydraulic chamber, and the controller is electrically connected to both the position sensor and the oil pump.

[0011] In some embodiments, the shifting member includes a shifting fork and a sliding sleeve located in the first accommodation chamber, and the shifting fork is connected to the sliding sleeve; the transmission further includes an output shaft disposed in the first accommodation chamber and a first gear and a second gear sleeved on the output shaft. The output shaft extends along the first direction, the sliding sleeve is slidably sleeved on the output shaft and is located between the first gear and the second gear, and the sliding sleeve is configured to fixedly connect the first gear or the second gear to the output shaft.

[0012] In some embodiments, the shifting member further includes a positioning rod connected to the shifting fork. The positioning rod extends along the first direction and is located in the first accommodation chamber. A plurality of positioning grooves are spaced apart on the circumferential surface of one end of the positioning rod away from the shifting fork; the transmission further includes a positioning assembly, and a pin hole is further provided on the transmission housing. The positioning assembly is engaged with one of the plurality of positioning grooves through the pin hole.

[0013] In some embodiments, the positioning assembly includes a pin, an elastic member, and a ball. The pin is located in the pin hole, and the elastic member is located between the pin and the ball.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first housing further includes a groove provided on a side of the hydraulic chamber close to the shifting member, and an opening of the groove is disposed opposite to the opening.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first housing includes a first sub-housing and a second sub-housing, and the first sub-housing and the second sub-housing jointly form the hydraulic chamber; the transmission housing and the first sub-housing are of an integrally formed structure.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present application provides a loader, including the transmission described in the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first housing, a movable member, and a shifting member provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of the installation position sensor in the second accommodation cavity provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 Simplified structural schematic diagram of the power transmission of the transmission provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 For Figure 1 Enlarged structural schematic diagram at M in

[0022] The descriptions of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0023] 10 - Transmission;

[0024] 100 - Transmission housing, 101 - First accommodation cavity, 102 - Opening, 103 - Pin hole;

[0025] 200 - First housing, 201 - Hydraulic cavity, 2011 - First sub - cavity, 2012 - Second sub - cavity, 202 - Second accommodation cavity, 203 - Groove, 210 - First sub - shell, 220 - Second sub - shell;

[0026] 300 - Movable part, 310 - Piston head, 320 - Piston rod;

[0027] 400 - Shifting part, 410 - Shifting fork, 420 - Sliding sleeve, 430 - Positioning rod, 431 - Positioning groove;

[0028] 500 - Position sensor;

[0029] 600 - Output shaft, 610 - First gear, 620 - Second gear;

[0030] 700 - Input shaft, 710 - Input gear;

[0031] 800 - Intermediate shaft, 810 - Third gear, 820 - Second gear;

[0032] 900 - Positioning component, 910 - Pin post, 920 - Elastic part, 930 - Ball. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for exemplary illustration and cannot be understood as a limitation of this patent. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0036] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected to", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] As described in the background art, the transmission of the electric wheel loader in the related art uses a clutch for shifting gears, which results in an increase in the cost of the transmission, and the transmission will heat up during operation, the internal clutch will be sintered by heat, and the reliability of shifting gears will also be reduced.

[0038] Based on the above problems, the embodiments of the present application propose a transmission and a wheel loader to help reduce the cost of the transmission and improve the reliability of gear shifting.

[0039] In a first aspect, the present application proposes a transmission 10. As Figure 1 shown, the transmission 10 includes a transmission housing 100, a first housing 200, a movable member 300, and a shifting member 400. A first accommodation cavity 101 is provided inside the transmission housing 100, and the transmission housing 100 is provided with an opening 102 communicating with the first accommodation cavity 101. Please refer to Figure 2, the first housing 200 is connected to the transmission housing 100 and has a hydraulic chamber 201 inside. A part of the movable member 300 is located in the hydraulic chamber 201 and divides the hydraulic chamber 201 into a first sub-chamber 2011 and a second sub-chamber 2012 along a first direction. The movable member 300 can move relative to the first housing 200 along the first direction. One end of the movable member 300 extends out of the hydraulic chamber 201. The shift member 400 is connected to the movable member 300, and the shift member 400 extends into the first receiving chamber 101 through the opening 102.

[0040] The transmission 10 of the present application includes a transmission housing 100, a first housing 200, a movable member 300, and a shift member 400. The transmission housing 100 is a protective housing for the entire transmission 10, and the first receiving chamber 101 inside it is used to accommodate the transmission components and mechanisms within the transmission housing 100. The transmission housing 100 can protect the internal components of the transmission 10 from the external environment such as dust, moisture, etc. The transmission housing 100 can be made of materials such as aluminum alloy, cast iron, etc.

[0041] The first housing 200 is mounted on the transmission housing 100, and the first housing 200 can also be made of materials such as aluminum alloy, cast iron, etc. The hydraulic chamber 201 is located inside the first housing 200. The hydraulic chamber 201 utilizes the incompressibility and fluidity of the hydraulic oil to control the movement of the movable member 300 relative to the first housing 200. Specifically, the movable member 300 divides the hydraulic chamber 201 into a first sub-chamber 2011 and a second sub-chamber 2012 along the first direction, and the first direction can be the length direction of the first housing 200. The volumes of these two sub-chambers can change under the pressure change of the hydraulic oil, thereby pushing the movable member 300 to move along the first direction. For example, if the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the first sub-chamber 2011 is greater than the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the second sub-chamber 2012, the volume of the first sub-chamber 2011 increases, and the hydraulic oil pushes the movable member 300 to move in the direction from the first sub-chamber 2011 to the second sub-chamber 2012, and vice versa.

[0042] The movable member 300 can move along the first direction under the drive of the hydraulic oil, thereby driving the shift member 400 to move, and further enabling the shift member 400 to drive the preset gear and the output shaft 600 to be fixedly connected, so as to construct a new transmission route, and finally realize the gear shift of the transmission 10.

[0043] In this application, the hydraulic chamber 201, the movable member 300, and the shifting member 400 are used to achieve the shifting of the gears of the transmission 10. In this way, there is no need to provide a shifting clutch inside the transmission 10, which helps to reduce the cost of the transmission 10. Moreover, there is no problem of the clutch being damaged due to high temperature, which also helps to improve the reliability and safety of shifting. In addition, the first housing 200 is located outside the transmission housing 100. In other words, a part of the movable member 300 and the shifting member 400 is located outside the transmission housing 100, which also helps to improve the convenience of maintenance and replacement of each component.

[0044] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, a second receiving chamber 202 is further provided inside the first housing 200 on the side of the hydraulic chamber 201 away from the shifting member 400. The second receiving chamber 202 is isolated from the hydraulic chamber 201. The movable member 300 also extends into the second receiving chamber 202. The transmission 10 further includes a position sensor 500 provided in the second receiving chamber 202. The position sensor 500 is used to detect the relative position of the movable member 300 and the first housing 200.

[0045] In this embodiment, a second receiving chamber 202 isolated from the hydraulic chamber 201 is provided inside the first housing 200. The second receiving chamber 202 is used to provide the position sensor 500, so that the relative position of the movable member 300 and the first housing 200 can be monitored in real time. When the position sensor 500 detects that the movable member 300 reaches the preset position, it indicates that the shifting member 400 has shifted into place. In this way, the over-movement of the movable member 300 can be avoided, which helps to improve the reliability and stability of the gear shifting of the transmission 10.

[0046] It should be noted that there are various ways to isolate the second receiving chamber 202 from the hydraulic chamber 201. For example, in one implementation, a partition wall can be provided between the hydraulic chamber 201 and the second receiving chamber 202. A through hole for the movable member 300 to pass through is provided on the partition wall, and then the gap between the movable member 300 and the partition wall is sealed by a seal. Thus, while allowing the movable member 300 to extend into the second receiving chamber 202, the isolation between the second receiving chamber 202 and the hydraulic chamber 201 can be achieved. Or, in another implementation, as Figure 2 shown, the hydraulic chamber 201 and the second receiving chamber 202 are in a communicating state, and the isolation between the second receiving chamber 202 and the hydraulic chamber 201 is achieved by a seal 600 sleeved on the movable member 300, and at the same time the movable member 300 extends into the second receiving chamber 202. It can be flexibly designed according to actual needs.

[0047] Optionally, the movable member 300 includes a piston head 310 and a piston rod 320. The piston head 310 is located within the hydraulic chamber 201 to divide the hydraulic chamber 201 into a first sub-chamber 2011 and a second sub-chamber 2012. One end of the piston rod 320 extends out of the hydraulic chamber 201 and is connected to the shifting member 400, and the other end extends into the second receiving chamber 202. In this way, the movable member 300 and the first housing 200 form a hydraulic cylinder structure. The first housing 200 is similar to the cylinder block of a hydraulic cylinder, and the movable member 300 is the piston within the cylinder block.

[0048] Optionally, the position sensor 500 is one of a photoelectric position sensor, an inductive position sensor, and a magnetic position sensor. A photoelectric position sensor is a position sensor that uses the principle of the photoelectric effect to measure the position of an object by detecting the occlusion or reflection of light by the object. For example, the photoelectric position sensor can be a photoelectric proximity switch, a grating encoder, etc. Similarly, an inductive position sensor is a position sensor that detects the position of an object by measuring the change in magnetic flux in an inductive coil, and a magnetic position sensor is a position sensor that uses the change in a magnetic field to detect the position of an object. The above-mentioned various types of position sensors 500 can all achieve the position detection of the movable member 300, thereby improving the reliability and stability of gear shifting. Optionally, the position sensor 500 is not limited to the above several types, and can also be, for example, an ultrasonic position sensor, etc.

[0049] In some embodiments, the transmission 10 further includes a controller and an oil pump (not shown in the figure) communicating with the hydraulic chamber 201. The controller is electrically connected to the position sensor 500 and the oil pump. After a shifting command is issued, the controller controls the oil pump to supply oil into the hydraulic chamber 201, causing the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the first sub-chamber 2011 and the second sub-chamber 2012 to change, thereby driving the movable member 300 to move relative to the first housing 200, and further causing the shifting member 400 to engage a preset gear with the output shaft 600 to achieve gear shifting. Moreover, after the position sensor 500 detects that the position of the movable member 300 is in place, it sends a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the oil pump to stop supplying oil. At this time, it indicates that the gear shifting is in place. Thus, it is beneficial to improve the intelligence and automation of gear shifting.

[0050] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the shifting member 400 includes a shifting fork 410 and a sliding sleeve 420 located in the first accommodation cavity 101. The shifting fork 410 is connected to the sliding sleeve 420. The transmission 10 further includes an output shaft 600 disposed in the first accommodation cavity 101, and a first gear 610 and a second gear 620 sleeved on the output shaft 600. The output shaft 600 extends in the first direction. The sliding sleeve 420 is slidably sleeved on the output shaft 600 and is located between the first gear 610 and the second gear 620. The sliding sleeve 420 is used to fixedly connect the first gear 610 or the second gear 620 to the output shaft 600.

[0051] This embodiment proposes the specific structure of the shifting member 400 and the specific manner in which the transmission 10 realizes shifting. The shifting member 400 includes a shifting fork 410 and a sliding sleeve 420. There is no rotation between the sliding sleeve 420 and the output shaft 600, and the sliding sleeve 420 can slide relative to the output shaft 600. The first gear 610 and the second gear 620 are two gears with different numbers of teeth, and both are rotatably arranged on the output shaft 600.

[0052] When the moving member 300 moves in the first direction, it will drive the shifting fork 410 to move in the first direction, so that the sliding sleeve 420 moves in the direction close to the first gear 610 or the second gear 620. As Figure 4 shown, the transmission 10 further includes an input shaft 700, an input gear 710, an intermediate shaft 800 and a plurality of transmission gears inside. Taking the number of intermediate shafts 800 as one and the number of transmission gears as two as an example to illustrate the shifting process of the transmission 10. An input gear 710 is fixedly connected to the input shaft 700. A third gear 810 and a fourth gear 820 are fixedly connected to the intermediate shaft 800. The third gear 810 meshes with the input gear 710, the third gear 810 meshes with the first gear 610, and the fourth gear 820 meshes with the second gear 620.

[0053] When the sliding sleeve 420 is combined with the first gear 610, the first gear 610 realizes a fixed connection with the output shaft 600 through the sliding sleeve 420, and the first gear 610 can transmit power to the output shaft 600. In this case, the transmission 10 is in the first gear, and the power transmission route is the input shaft 700, the input gear 710, the third gear 810, the first gear 610 and the output shaft 600. At this time, the transmission ratio of the first gear is determined by the first gear 610 and the third gear 810.

[0054] When the sliding sleeve 420 is combined with the second gear 620, the second gear 620 is fixedly connected to the output shaft 600 through the sliding sleeve 420, and the second gear 620 can transmit power to the output shaft 600. In this case, the transmission 10 is in the second gear, and the power transmission route is the input shaft 700, the input gear 710, the third gear 810, the fourth gear 820, the second gear 620, and the output shaft 600. At this time, the transmission ratio of the second gear is determined by the fourth gear 820 and the second gear 620. In this way, the gear shifting operation of the transmission 10 is realized.

[0055] When the sliding sleeve 420 is between the first gear 610 and the second gear 620, neither the first gear 610 nor the second gear 620 can transmit power, and the transmission 10 is in neutral.

[0056] Optionally, in order to improve the smoothness of gear shifting and reduce wear, a synchronizer (not shown in the figure) can also be used. The synchronizer is connected to the sliding sleeve 420. Under the action of the synchronizer, the rotational speeds of the transmission gears and the output shaft 600 can gradually reach consistency, thereby reducing the impact when the sliding sleeve 420 shifts gears.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 shown, the shifting member 400 further includes a positioning rod 430 connected to the shifting fork 410. The positioning rod 430 extends along the first direction and is located in the first receiving cavity 101. A plurality of positioning grooves 431 are spaced apart on the circumferential surface of the end of the positioning rod 430 away from the shifting fork 410. The transmission 10 further includes a positioning assembly 900, and a pin hole 103 is further provided on the transmission housing 100. The positioning assembly 900 cooperates with one of the plurality of positioning grooves 431 through the pin hole 103.

[0058] In this embodiment, the transmission 10 is further provided with a positioning assembly 900. The cooperation between the positioning assembly 900 and one of the plurality of positioning grooves 431 means that the positions of the plurality of positioning grooves 431 will change following the movement of the shifting fork 410, so that the positions of the plurality of positioning grooves 431 are not fixed. When the position of one of the plurality of positioning grooves 431 is opposite to the pin hole 103, the positioning groove 431 cooperates with the positioning assembly 900. By providing the positioning grooves 431 and the positioning assembly 900, the locking of the shifting fork 410 in the stationary state can be realized, which is beneficial to further improving the reliability and stability of gear shifting.

[0059] Optionally, the number of the positioning grooves 431 may be three, corresponding to the number of gears. When the movable member 300 and the shift fork 410 drive the sliding sleeve 420 to move to the middle position between the first gear 610 and the second gear 620, the middle positioning groove 431 among the three positioning grooves 431 is oppositely arranged with the pin hole 103, thereby realizing the locking of the neutral gear; when the movable member 300 and the shift fork 410 drive the sliding sleeve 420 to engage with the first gear 610, the positioning groove 431 closer to the first gear 610 among the two edge positioning grooves 431 is oppositely arranged with the pin hole 103, thereby realizing the locking of the first gear; when the movable member 300 and the shift fork 410 drive the sliding sleeve 420 to engage with the second gear 620, the positioning groove 431 farther from the first gear 610 among the two edge positioning grooves 431 is oppositely arranged with the pin hole 103, thereby realizing the locking of the second gear.

[0060] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, the positioning assembly 900 includes a pin 910, an elastic member 920 and a ball 930. The pin 910 is located in the pin hole 103, and the elastic member 920 is located between the pin 910 and the ball 930. When a certain positioning groove 431 among the three positioning grooves 431 is aligned with the pin hole 103, the ball 930 slides into the positioning groove 431, and the pin 910 presses the ball 930 through the elastic member 920, thereby realizing the gear locking. When the axial force received by the shift fork 410 is not greater than the axial acting force between the ball 930 and the positioning groove 431, the shift fork 410 will not move. When the acting force of the movable member 300 on the shift fork 410 is greater than the axial acting force between the ball 930 and the positioning groove 431, the shift fork 410 will move, causing the position of the positioning groove 431 to also change, the ball 930 disengages from the positioning groove 431, and the shift fork 410 is released from the locked state. When another positioning groove 431 is aligned with the pin hole 103, the ball 930 is pressed into the new positioning groove 431 again under the action of the elastic member 920, thereby realizing the gear locking again.

[0061] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the first housing 200 further includes a groove 203 provided on the side of the hydraulic chamber 201 close to the shifting member 400, and the notch of the groove 203 is oppositely arranged with the opening 102. With this arrangement, when the first housing 200 is connected to the transmission housing 100, on the one hand, the groove 203 can protect the shifting member 400 and the movable member 300, and on the other hand, it can also seal the transmission housing 100, thereby being beneficial to improving the sealing performance and reliability of the transmission 10.

[0062] In some embodiments, as Figure 1As shown, the first housing 200 includes a first sub-housing 210 and a second sub-housing 220. The first sub-housing 210 and the second sub-housing 220 jointly form a hydraulic chamber 201. The transmission housing 100 and the first sub-housing 210 are of an integrally formed structure. Such an arrangement is beneficial in that, on the one hand, it helps improve the integration level of the transmission 10 and reduce the cost of the transmission 10. On the other hand, it also helps improve the convenience of assembling the first housing 200, the movable member 300, and the shift member 400 with the transmission 10.

[0063] Second, the present application provides a loader, which includes the transmission 10 described in the first aspect. Using the transmission 10 described in the first aspect in the loader of the present application is beneficial in reducing the cost of the loader and improving the reliability and safety of shifting. Optionally, the loader can be an electric loader.

[0064] The above content is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A gearbox, characterized in that: include: A gearbox housing, wherein a first accommodating cavity is provided inside the gearbox housing, and the gearbox housing is provided with an opening communicating with the first accommodating cavity; A first housing, connected to the gearbox housing and having a hydraulic chamber inside; a movable member, partly located in the hydraulic chamber and dividing the hydraulic chamber into a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber along a first direction, the movable member being movable relative to the first housing along the first direction, and one end of the movable member extending out of the hydraulic chamber; A shifting member is connected to the movable member, and the shifting member extends into the first accommodating cavity through the opening.

2. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second accommodating chamber is further provided inside the first housing and is located on a side of the hydraulic chamber away from the shifting member. The second accommodating chamber is isolated from the hydraulic chamber, and the movable member also extends into the second accommodating chamber. The gearbox further includes a position sensor disposed in the second accommodating cavity, and the position sensor is used to detect the relative position of the movable part and the first housing.

3. The gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that: The position sensor is one of a photoelectric position sensor, an inductive position sensor, and a magnetic position sensor.

4. The gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gearbox further includes a controller and an oil pump communicated with the hydraulic chamber, and the controller is electrically connected to the position sensor and the oil pump.

5. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shift member comprises a shift fork and a sliding sleeve located in the first accommodating cavity, wherein the shift fork is connected to the sliding sleeve; The gearbox also includes an output shaft arranged in the first accommodating cavity and a first gear and a second gear sleeved on the output shaft, the output shaft extends along the first direction, the sleeve is slidably sleeved on the output shaft and is located between the first gear and the second gear, and the sleeve is used to fix the first gear or the second gear to the output shaft.

6. The gearbox according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shift member further comprises a positioning rod connected to the shift fork, the positioning rod extending along the first direction and located in the first accommodation cavity, a plurality of positioning grooves being arranged at intervals on a circumferential surface of an end of the positioning rod away from the shift fork; The gearbox further comprises a positioning assembly, and a pin hole is further provided on the gearbox housing, and the positioning assembly cooperates with one of the plurality of positioning grooves through the pin hole.

7. The gearbox according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning assembly comprises a pin, an elastic member and a ball, the pin is located in the pin hole, and the elastic member is located between the pin and the ball.

8. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first housing further comprises a groove arranged on a side of the hydraulic chamber close to the shifting member, and a notch of the groove is arranged opposite to the opening.

9. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first housing includes a first sub-shell and a second sub-shell, and the first sub-shell and the second sub-shell together form the hydraulic chamber; The gearbox housing and the first sub-housing are an integrally formed structure.

10. A loader, characterized in that: Comprising a gearbox as claimed in any one of claims 1-9.

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