Heat exchange device and air conditioning unit

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heat exchange device and an air conditioning unit. The heat exchange device comprises a shell with an air inlet and an air outlet, a heat exchanger, a fan, a flow guide ring and a power mechanism, wherein the heat exchanger and the fan are mounted in the shell; the flow guide ring is movably arranged on the outer side of the fan in a surrounding manner; the flow guide ring is shielded between fan blades of the fan and the air inlet, the air outlet end of the flow guide ring faces the air outlet, the power mechanism can push the flow guide ring to move in the axial direction of the fan, and the heat exchangers are arranged at the air inlet and are divided into invalid heat exchange areas and effective heat exchange areas in the axial direction of the fan. The effective heat exchange area is the area, exceeding the air inlet end of the flow guide ring and not shielded by the flow guide ring, of the heat exchanger. The movable flow guide ring is used for flexibly adjusting the air inlet area of the air inlet and the exhaust air rate of the air outlet, so that the operation requirement of an air conditioning unit is met, and the reliability and the stability of the unit are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of air-conditioning units, in particular to a heat exchange device and an air-conditioning unit. Background Art

[0002] The design and application of existing air-conditioning systems mainly focus on cooling and heating functions under normal temperature environments. Especially in the civil and general industrial fields, air-conditioning systems are usually only used for heating in winter to meet heating needs. However, in specific high-altitude industrial environments, such as liquid cooling systems used to cool high-heat-density equipment such as airborne electronic equipment and radars, the situation is quite different. These devices generate a lot of heat during operation, and even in the cold winter, they need to be maintained at their normal operating temperature by dedicated liquid-cooled air-conditioning units to prevent performance degradation or damage caused by overheating.

[0003] Traditional air-conditioning units were not designed with full consideration of the cooling needs in extremely low temperature environments and can only operate effectively within normal temperature ranges. When the ambient temperature drops below -10°C, the unit will face many challenges, including but not limited to: the air-conditioning unit will shut down due to low pressure alarm, the heat exchange efficiency will drop sharply due to ice on the evaporator surface, and the compressor will be damaged by liquid hammer due to the inhalation of liquid refrigerant. These faults will directly lead to the failure of the air-conditioning unit, which will not only affect the stable operation of the equipment, but also greatly reduce the user experience.

[0004] Therefore, how to design heat exchange devices and air-conditioning units that can improve operating reliability under low-temperature conditions is a technical problem that the industry urgently needs to solve. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the defect of poor reliability of existing units under low temperature conditions, the utility model proposes a heat exchange device and an air-conditioning unit. The heat exchange device uses a movable guide ring to flexibly adjust the air inlet area of ​​the air inlet and the exhaust volume of the air outlet to meet the operating requirements of the air-conditioning unit and improve the reliability and stability of the unit.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is to design a heat exchange device, including: a shell with an air inlet and an air outlet, a heat exchanger and a fan installed in the shell, a guide ring movably arranged on the outside of the fan, and a power mechanism connected to the guide ring; the guide ring is blocked between the fan blades and the air inlet of the fan, the air outlet end of the guide ring faces the air outlet, and the power mechanism can push the guide ring to move along the axial direction of the fan.

[0007] Furthermore, the heat exchanger is arranged at the air inlet, and is divided into an ineffective heat exchange area and an effective heat exchange area in the axial direction of the fan. The effective heat exchange area is the area of ​​the heat exchanger that exceeds the air inlet end of the guide ring and is not blocked by the guide ring.

[0008] Further, a folding portion is provided at the air outlet end of the air deflector ring. When the folding portion moves with the air deflector ring to fit the edge of the air outlet, the air outlet end of the air deflector ring covers the air outlet.

[0009] Further, a guiding portion that inclines and opens towards the heat exchanger is provided at the air inlet end of the air deflector ring.

[0010] Further, a protective member for guiding the linear movement of the air deflector ring is also installed inside the housing. The protective member is provided with a limiting surface that contacts the air deflector ring, and the limiting surface is provided with a protective layer.

[0011] In some embodiments, the power mechanism includes: a support frame connected to the air deflector ring, a sliding cylinder fixedly connected to the support frame, a lead screw threadedly engaged with the sliding cylinder, and an electric component for driving the lead screw to rotate.

[0012] Further, the power mechanism further includes: a coupling, and the output shafts of the lead screw and the electric component are connected through the coupling.

[0013] In some embodiments, the air inlet is provided on the side surface of the housing, and the air outlet is provided on the top surface of the housing. The power mechanism pushes the air deflector ring to move up and down.

[0014] The present utility model also proposes an air-conditioning unit, and the air-conditioning unit includes the above heat exchange device.

[0015] In some embodiments, the outdoor unit of the air-conditioning unit adopts the heat exchange device.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The air deflector ring is blocked between the fan blades and the air inlet, and the air outlet end of the air deflector ring faces the air outlet. The air deflector ring is pushed to move along the axial direction of the fan, and at the same time, the air inlet area of the air inlet and the air discharge volume of the air outlet are adjusted to meet the operation requirements of the air-conditioning unit, improving the reliability and stability of the unit;

[0018] 2. By arranging the heat exchanger at the air inlet, the fresh air flowing into the air inlet can be fully heat-exchanged with the heat exchanger. Moreover, when the air deflector ring is moved to adjust the air inlet area, the heat exchange area of the heat exchanger can be synchronously adjusted. Both the air inlet volume and the heat exchange volume are controllable, and the adjustment efficiency is higher;

[0019] 3. The air inlet end of the air deflector ring is provided with a guiding portion that inclines and opens towards the heat exchanger, so that the air flow in the inner cavity of the housing can be guided into the air deflector ring in a predetermined direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the drawings, where:

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the heat exchange device of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the flow guiding ring and the fan of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the flow guiding ring and the fan of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view of the flow guiding ring of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the flow guiding ring of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the power mechanism of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 is a schematic flow diagram of the operation control method of the present utility model;

[0028] Description of the drawings: 1. Outer shell; 11. Air inlet; 12. Air outlet; 13. Protective member; 2. Heat exchanger; 3. Fan; 31. Blades; 4. Flow guiding ring; 41. Air inlet end; 411. Flow guiding part; 42. Air outlet end; 421. Folding part; 5. Support frame; 51. Longitudinal support rod; 52. Transverse support rod; 6. Slide cylinder; 7. Lead screw; 8. Electric component; 9. Coupling. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0030] Since traditional air conditioning units can generally only perform refrigeration work in normal temperature environments, when the ambient temperature drops below -10°C, faults such as low-pressure alarm shutdown, ice formation on the evaporator, and liquid hammer damage to the compressor are likely to occur, seriously affecting the user experience. Based on this, the heat exchange device proposed by the present utility model uses a movable flow guiding ring to flexibly adjust the air inlet area of the air inlet and the air discharge volume of the air outlet to meet the operation requirements of the air conditioning unit and improve the reliability and stability of the unit.

[0031] Specifically, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, the heat exchange device includes: an outer shell 1, a heat exchanger 2, a fan 3, a flow guiding ring 4 and a power mechanism. The outer shell 1 has an air inlet 11 and an air outlet 12. The heat exchanger 2 and the fan 3 are installed inside the outer shell 1. The flow guiding ring 4 is movably arranged around the outside of the fan 3, and the flow guiding ring 4 blocks between the blades 31 of the fan 3 and the air inlet.

[0032] AsFigure 1 , 4 As shown in Figure 5, the two ends of the flow guide ring 4 are respectively an air inlet end 41 far from the air outlet 12 and an air outlet end 42 close to the air outlet 12. The air outlet end 42 faces the air outlet 12. When the fan 3 starts to rotate, the air flow enters the flow guide ring 4 from the air inlet end 41, and then flows out of the flow guide ring 4 from the air outlet end 42. After flowing out of the air outlet end 42, the air flow is sent to the air outlet 12.

[0033] The function of the power mechanism is to push the flow guide ring 4 to move along the axial direction of the fan 3. Since the air flow is sucked into the flow guide ring 4 from the air inlet end 41, the area of the air inlet 11 that exceeds the air inlet end 41 and is not blocked by the flow guide ring 4 can effectively intake air. The larger the area of the air inlet 11 that exceeds the air inlet end 41, the larger the effective air intake area and the more the fresh air intake volume. On the contrary, the smaller the area of the air inlet 11 that exceeds the air inlet end 41, the smaller the effective air intake area and the less the fresh air intake volume.

[0034] At the same time, since the air flow is sent from the air outlet end 42 to the air outlet 12, when there is a distance between the air outlet end 42 and the air outlet 12, a part of the air flow sent from the air outlet end 42 will be blocked back into the inner cavity of the housing 1 from the edge of the air outlet 12. This part of the air outlet backflow not only affects the air discharge volume of the air outlet 12, but also reduces the fresh air intake volume to a certain extent. The smaller the distance between the air outlet end 42 and the air outlet 12, the less the air flow flowing back into the inner cavity of the housing 1. On the contrary, the larger the distance between the air outlet end 42 and the air outlet 12, the more the air flow flowing back into the inner cavity of the housing 1.

[0035] When the axial movement distance of the flow guide ring 4 changes, the positions of the air inlet end 41 and the air outlet end 42 change accordingly, and the effective air intake area of the air inlet 11 and the air discharge volume of the air outlet 12 also change. More specifically, starting from the point where the air outlet end 42 of the flow guide ring 4 contacts the air outlet 12, the larger the axial movement distance of the flow guide ring 4, the smaller the effective air intake area of the air inlet 11 and the more the air flow flowing back into the inner cavity of the housing 1.

[0036] For easy understanding, taking the outdoor unit as an example, the heat exchanger 2 is a condenser. When the condensation pressure of the condenser is relatively low, the flow guide ring 4 is moved in the direction away from the air outlet 12 to reduce the effective air intake area of the air inlet 11, and the heat exchange amount of the high-temperature refrigerant is reduced, so that the condensation pressure can rise steadily. At the same time, after the flow guide ring 4 is moved, part of the high-temperature air outlet will blow back against the condenser, reducing the fresh air intake volume of the air inlet 11 to a certain extent. The high-temperature hot air blowing back against the condenser can increase the condensation temperature, and the high-temperature air outlet backflow can form a short circuit in the air duct at the fan 3. The hot air flows out from the air outlet end of the flow guide ring 4 and returns to the flow guide ring 4 through the gap between the flow guide ring 4 and the condenser, and circulates repeatedly to continuously increase the condensation temperature, thereby effectively promoting the rise of the condensation pressure and solving the technical problem of the reliable operation of the air-conditioning unit in a low-temperature environment through a simple structure.

[0037] AsFigure 1 As shown, in some feasible embodiments of the present utility model, the heat exchanger 2 is arranged at the air inlet 11. The heat exchanger 2 is divided into an ineffective heat exchange area and an effective heat exchange area in the axial direction of the fan 3. The effective heat exchange area is the area where the heat exchanger extends beyond the air inlet end 41 of the diversion ring 4 and is not blocked by the diversion ring 4. This design arranges the heat exchanger 2 at the air inlet 11, enabling the fresh air flowing into the air inlet 11 to fully exchange heat with the heat exchanger 2. Moreover, when moving the diversion ring 4 to adjust the air inlet area, the heat exchange area of the heat exchanger 2 can be synchronously adjusted. Both the air inlet volume and the heat exchange volume are controllable, and the adjustment efficiency is higher.

[0038] As Figures 3 to 5 shown, based on the design of the movable diversion ring, the present utility model further optimizes the air outlet end 42 of the diversion ring 4. The air outlet end 42 of the diversion ring 4 is provided with a folding portion 421. When the folding portion 421 moves with the diversion ring 4 to fit the edge of the air outlet 12, the air outlet end 42 of the diversion ring 4 covers the air outlet 12. The design of the folding portion 421 ensures that when the diversion ring 4 moves to fit the edge of the air outlet 12, it can tightly cover the air outlet 12, effectively blocking the air flow from flowing back into the inner cavity of the housing 1, ensuring the unidirectional flow of the air flow, and improving the operating efficiency and stability of the heat exchange device.

[0039] In addition, as Figure 1 、 4 、5 shown, based on the design of the movable diversion ring, the present utility model further optimizes the air inlet end 41 of the diversion ring 4. The air inlet end 41 of the diversion ring 4 is provided with a diversion portion 411 that inclines and opens towards the heat exchanger 2. The design of the diversion portion 411 enables the air flow in the inner cavity of the housing 1 to be guided into the diversion ring 4 in a predetermined direction, reducing the disorder and ineffective flow of the air flow. Air flow disorder often causes unnecessary vibration and noise inside the equipment. Therefore, the design of the diversion portion 411 can also reduce the vibration and noise levels of the internal structure of the housing 1.

[0040] Furthermore, as Figure 1 shown, based on the design of the movable diversion ring, the present utility model is also designed with a protection structure. A protection member 13 is further installed inside the housing 1. One end of the protection member 13 is fixed to the edge of the air outlet 12, and the other end of the protection member 13 is sleeved outside the diversion ring 4. The protection member 13 is provided with a limiting surface in contact with the diversion ring 4, and the limiting surface is provided with a protective layer. The function of the protection member 13 is to guide the straight movement of the diversion ring 4 and prevent the diversion ring 4 from tilting towards the periphery. The protection member 13 can be made of a metal material. The function of the protective layer is to prevent damage to the diversion ring 4 during the movement process. The protective layer can be selected from soft materials such as rubber.

[0041] As Figure 6As shown, taking some feasible embodiments of the utility model as an example, the power mechanism includes: a support frame 5, a slide cylinder 6, a screw 7 and an electric component 8. The support frame 5 includes a longitudinal support rod 51 and a transverse support rod 52. The transverse support rod 52 is arranged around the slide cylinder 6, and the transverse support rod 52 extends radially along the slide cylinder 6. The longitudinal support rod 51 is connected between the air inlet end 41 of the guide ring 4 and the end of the transverse support rod 52. The screw 7 is parallel to the axial direction of the fan 3. The slide cylinder 6 is sleeved on the screw 7, and the slide cylinder 6 is threadedly matched with the screw 7. The electric component 8 drives the screw 7 to rotate forward or reverse, so that the slide cylinder 6 moves linearly along the screw 7, and then the slide cylinder 6 and the support frame 5 drive the guide ring 4 to move along the axial direction of the fan 3.

[0042] This design can achieve high-precision linear motion control by using the cooperation of the lead screw 7 and the electric component 8. By accurately controlling the rotation angle and speed of the electric component 8, the rotation of the lead screw 7 can be accurately controlled, thereby achieving accurate linear positioning of the guide ring 4. Moreover, the spiral structure of the lead screw 7 enables it to smoothly push the guide ring 4 to perform linear motion during rotation, reducing shaking during the motion. The lead screw 7 can be a ball screw, and the electric component 8 can be a stepper motor, which further improves the accuracy of the movement control of the guide ring 4.

[0043] Based on this power mechanism, the preferred solution is that the output shafts of the screw 7 and the electric part 8 are connected through a coupling. The coupling 9 compensates for the physical displacement between the two shafts of the screw 7 and the electric part 8 due to production and processing, inaccurate installation, thermal expansion and contraction, vibration, etc. The built-in buffer structure of the coupling 9 can mitigate the impact force of the electric part 8 during operation and prevent the vibration of the electric part 8 from being transmitted to the screw 7.

[0044] It should be pointed out that the screw 7, electric component 8, coupling 9, etc. are all existing technologies, and the specific structure of the power mechanism can also be designed according to usage requirements to achieve linear movement of the guide ring 4. For example, the guide ring 4 is connected to the output shaft of the telescopic electric component, and the guide ring is driven to move by the telescopic electric component. The utility model does not impose special restrictions on the specific structure of the power mechanism.

[0045] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in some feasible embodiments of the present invention, the air inlet 11 is arranged on the side of the housing 1, the air outlet 12 is arranged on the top surface of the housing 1, and the power mechanism drives the guide ring 4 to move up and down.

[0046] The height from the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the housing 1 to the air inlet end 41 of the air guide ring 4 is A. When the air guide ring 4 moves downward, that is, the height A at which the air guide ring 4 can suck air decreases. At this time, the heat exchange area above the height A becomes an ineffective heat exchange area, and the decrease in the height A is equivalent to the decrease in the heat exchange area of the heat exchanger. Taking the outdoor unit as an example, the heat exchanger 2 is a condenser. When the heat exchange area of the condenser decreases, the condensation pressure can rise steadily, the refrigerant can flow normally, and the unit operates normally in the refrigeration state.

[0047] In addition, the distance from the top surface of the inner cavity of the housing 1 to the air outlet end of the air guide ring 4 is C. When the air guide ring 4 moves downward, the distance C between the air outlet 12 and the air outlet end 42 of the air guide ring 4 increases. At this time, part of the air flow sent out by the air guide ring 4 blows back to the heat exchanger 2 in the reverse direction. Taking the outdoor unit as an example, the heat exchanger 2 is a condenser. Part of the high-temperature hot air blows back to the upper layer of the condenser, increasing the temperature of the condenser, which also causes the condensation pressure to rise, the refrigerant to flow normally, and the unit to operate normally in the refrigeration state.

[0048] Furthermore, the distance from the bottom of the fan blade 31 to the air inlet end 41 of the air guide ring 4 is B. When the air guide ring 4 moves downward, the distance B between the fan blade 31 and the air inlet end 41 of the air guide ring 4 increases. At this time, the air discharge volume of the air guide ring 4 is small, the condensation pressure rises, the refrigerant flows normally, and the unit operates normally in the refrigeration state.

[0049] The present utility model also proposes an air conditioner unit having the above heat exchange device. The preferred solution is that the air conditioner unit includes: an outdoor unit, which adopts the above heat exchange device, the heat exchanger 2 is a condenser, and the fan 3 is an outdoor fan. The heat exchange device flexibly adjusts the air inlet area of the air inlet and the air discharge volume of the air outlet by using a movable air guide ring to meet the operation requirements of the air conditioner unit and improve the reliability and stability of the unit.

[0050] Based on the outdoor unit adopting the above heat exchange device, for the sake of easy understanding, taking some application examples of the present utility model as an example, the usage of the heat exchange device is described in detail. As Figure 7 shown, the operation control method of the air conditioner unit is as follows.

[0051] Obtain the outdoor ambient temperature T 环温 , and judge whether T 环温 < T0, where T0 is the set demarcation temperature;

[0052] If so, it means that the outdoor ambient temperature is relatively low, and the unit has a risk of low-pressure operation. According to the working stage of the air conditioner unit, the corresponding control strategy is executed. The control strategy includes at least one adjustment action of adjusting the compressor frequency, adjusting the moving distance of the air guide ring, and adjusting the outdoor fan frequency, so that the condensation pressure P 冷凝 reaches the set pressure condition;

[0053] If not, it indicates that the outdoor ambient temperature is normal, the unit has no risk of low-pressure operation, and the flow guide ring remains in its current state.

[0054] The advantage of this design is that by predicting the outdoor ambient temperature in advance and adopting corresponding control strategies, such as adjusting the compressor frequency, regulating the moving distance of the flow guide ring, and adjusting the outdoor fan frequency, etc., the problems caused by low-pressure operation can be effectively avoided, and the overall stability of the unit can be enhanced. Design corresponding control strategies for the working stages of the air-conditioning unit to ensure that the unit can operate reliably and stably in each stage, reduce the operation time of the unit under extreme conditions, and reduce the failure rate of the unit.

[0055] It should be noted that there are two cases for T 环温 ≥T0. The first case is T 设4 ≥T 环温 ≥T0, the outdoor ambient temperature is normal, the air-conditioning unit is normally started, and the flow guide ring is not adjusted; the second case is T 环温 >T 设4 , the outdoor ambient temperature is too high, the air-conditioning unit is not started, and a prompt message indicating that the outdoor ambient temperature is too high is sent.

[0056] Specifically, implementing corresponding control strategies according to the working stages of the air-conditioning unit includes:

[0057] When the air-conditioning unit is in the startup and operation stage, that is, when the air-conditioning unit receives the startup instruction, a coordinated control strategy is executed to adjust the compressor frequency, the moving distance of the flow guide ring, and the outdoor fan frequency;

[0058] When the air-conditioning unit is in the normal operation stage, that is, during the operation process after the air-conditioning unit has passed the startup and operation stage, a monotonic control strategy is executed to adjust the moving distance of the flow guide ring.

[0059] The principle of this design is that in the startup and operation stage, through the coordinated control strategy, the compressor frequency, the moving distance of the flow guide ring, and the outdoor fan frequency are adjusted simultaneously, which can ensure that the air-conditioning unit quickly reaches a stable operation state in a short time. This coordinated adjustment can reduce the fluctuations during the startup process, improve the response speed and stability of the unit. In the normal operation stage, the operation state of the air-conditioning unit is relatively stable. At this time, the monotonic control strategy is adopted to only adjust the moving distance of the flow guide ring, optimize the air flow path and heat exchange efficiency, simplify the control process, reduce the complexity of the control scheme, and reduce energy consumption while ensuring the performance of the unit.

[0060] In some feasible embodiments of the present invention, the set pressure condition is △P = △P 最小 +P1; where, △P = P 冷凝 -P 蒸发 , P 冷凝 is the condensation pressure of the air-conditioning unit, P 蒸发is the evaporation pressure of the air conditioner unit, and △P 最小 is the set minimum pressure difference, and P1 is the set margin.

[0061] The principle of this design is that the operating stability of the air conditioner unit depends to a large extent on the difference between the condensation pressure and the evaporation pressure (i.e., ΔP), and this difference reflects the smoothness of the refrigerant circulation inside the system. When the outdoor ambient temperature T 环温 is lower than the set demarcation temperature T0, the unit may face a situation where the condensation pressure P 冷凝 decreases and the evaporation pressure P 蒸发 increases, resulting in a decrease in ΔP. An overly small ΔP may cause the unit to operate unstably and even affect the refrigeration effect. Therefore, a minimum pressure difference △P 最小 is set to ensure that the unit can operate under a relatively stable working condition and avoid frequent start-stop or inefficient operation. On this basis, adding the set margin P1 is to cope with the influence of factors such as temperature fluctuations on the unit and ensure that the unit has sufficient adjustment space to maintain efficient operation.

[0062] To improve the accuracy of the joint adjustment control strategy, the joint adjustment control strategy includes: performing corresponding boost adjustment actions according to the temperature range where the outdoor ambient temperature T 环温 is located. When the boost adjustment action is performed until △P≥△P 最小 +P1, perform a pressure reduction adjustment action until △P = △P 最小 +P1.

[0063] Through the adjustment method of first boosting and then reducing pressure, it is possible to precisely control the difference △P between the condensation pressure and the evaporation pressure of the air conditioner unit at the set pressure condition △P 最小 +P1. When the ambient temperature is low, the boost adjustment can ensure that the system has sufficient condensation pressure to maintain the refrigeration effect; when the pressure difference is too large, the pressure reduction adjustment can avoid system overload, thus maintaining the stable operation of the unit. In addition, by dividing the temperature range and performing corresponding boost adjustment actions, it is possible to more precisely meet the operating requirements of the system under different temperature conditions, thereby shortening the time for the unit to reach a stable state. This fast response ability helps to improve the overall performance of the unit.

[0064] Specifically, selecting the corresponding boost adjustment action according to the temperature range where the outdoor ambient temperature T 环温 is located includes:

[0065] When T 设1 ≤T 环温 <T 设2When the outdoor ambient temperature is too low and the low-pressure risk of the unit is extremely high, move the deflector ring to the farthest set position away from the air outlet, turn on the compressor to the set compressor starting frequency, after running for a period of time (e.g., 5 - 10 seconds), turn on the outdoor fan to the lowest set fan frequency, and after the outdoor fan is turned on, increase the compressor from the set compressor starting frequency to the highest set compressor frequency. By increasing the heating of the compressor motor and the hot air reflux at the outdoor fan, quickly establish the condensing pressure as soon as possible. When △P ≥ △P 最小 + P1, perform the pressure reduction adjustment operation until △P = △P 最小 + P1;

[0066] When T 设2 ≤ T 环温 <T 设3 When the outdoor ambient temperature is low and the low-pressure risk of the unit is high, move the deflector ring to the set intermediate position away from the air outlet, turn on the compressor to the set compressor starting frequency, after running for a period of time (e.g., 5 - 10 seconds), turn on the outdoor fan to the lowest set fan frequency, and after the outdoor fan is turned on, increase the compressor from the set compressor starting frequency to the highest set compressor frequency. By increasing the heating of the compressor motor and the hot air reflux at the outdoor fan, quickly establish the condensing pressure as soon as possible. When △P ≥ △P 最小 + P1, perform the pressure reduction adjustment operation until △P = △P 最小 + P1;

[0067] When T 设3 ≤ T 环温 <T0, when the outdoor ambient temperature is slightly low and the low-pressure risk of the unit is slightly high, move the deflector ring to the set intermediate position away from the air outlet, turn on the compressor to the set compressor starting frequency, after running for a period of time (e.g., 5 - 10 seconds), turn on the outdoor fan to the intermediate set fan frequency, and after the outdoor fan is turned on, reduce the compressor from the set compressor starting frequency to the lowest set compressor frequency. By the hot air reflux at the outdoor fan, quickly establish the condensing pressure as soon as possible. When △P ≥ △P 最小 + P1, perform the pressure reduction adjustment operation until △P = △P 最小 + P1;

[0068] Among them, T 设1 、T 设2 and T 设3 are all set temperatures.

[0069] The principle of this design is that for the outdoor unit, both the compressor and the condenser are installed in the housing. When the compressor operates at high frequency, the heat generated by the compressor motor will increase the temperature of the condenser, resulting in an increase in the condensation pressure. Adjusting the moving distance of the flow guide ring is to change the air intake volume and generate hot air reflux, which can also increase the condensation pressure. Adjusting the frequency of the outdoor fan is to change the air intake volume, which can also increase the condensation pressure. By analyzing the low-pressure risk faced by the unit based on the temperature range of the outdoor ambient temperature, the air-conditioning unit can automatically adjust the boosting action according to the change of the ambient temperature, enhancing the adaptability and accuracy of the control scheme and shortening the time for the unit to reach the stable state.

[0070] In some feasible embodiments of the present invention, the pressure reduction adjustment action includes: first gradually reducing the compressor frequency to the set minimum compressor frequency, reducing the condensation pressure by reducing the heating of the compressor motor and the flow rate of the high-temperature refrigerant, and then gradually reducing the outdoor fan frequency to the set minimum fan frequency. By adjusting the frequencies of the compressor and the outdoor fan downward, the effects of energy saving and noise reduction can be achieved. Finally, adjust the moving distance of the flow guide ring to compensate for the impact on the condensation pressure P 冷凝 caused by the reduction of the outdoor fan frequency, so that the condensation pressure P 冷凝 of the air-conditioning unit reaches the set pressure condition. During the execution of the pressure reduction adjustment action, △P is detected and calculated in real time. When △P = △P 最小 + P1, immediately stop executing the pressure reduction adjustment action.

[0071] This design establishes the priority of three adjustment actions: the compressor frequency, the outdoor fan frequency, and the moving distance of the flow guide ring. First, adjust the compressor frequency. If △P cannot meet the requirements when the compressor frequency is adjusted to the limit, then adjust the outdoor fan frequency. If △P still cannot meet the requirements when the outdoor fan frequency is adjusted to the limit, then adjust the moving distance of the flow guide ring to accelerate the adjustment speed of △P and reduce the operating energy consumption of the unit.

[0072] It should be noted that during the execution of the joint adjustment control strategy, when the compressor has been reduced to the set minimum compressor frequency and the flow guide ring has been moved to the set farthest position away from the air outlet, if still △P ≠ △P 最小 + P1 - that is, the condensation pressure P 冷凝 still cannot reach the set pressure condition, then turn off the air-conditioning unit and send a prompt message indicating that the outdoor ambient temperature is too low;

[0073] When the compressor has been reduced to the set minimum compressor frequency and the flow guide ring has been moved to the set nearest position close to the air outlet, if △P ≥ △P 最大 , and △P 最大 is the set maximum pressure difference, then the condensation pressure P 冷凝 is too high, and it is impossible to make the condensation pressure P rely on the flow guide ring anymore.冷凝 is effectively reduced. At this time, the frequency of the outdoor fan is increased. By increasing the amount of fresh air at low temperature, the condensation pressure P 冷凝 is reduced.

[0074] The function of this design is to perform corresponding adjustment actions in extreme cases, so that the condensation pressure P 冷凝 can be stably maintained under the set pressure condition, ensuring the operation reliability of the unit. When the condensation pressure P cannot be promoted to reach the set pressure condition through adjustment actions 冷凝 in time, the unit is shut down to prevent the unit from continuing to operate in an abnormal state and causing failures.

[0075] For the normal operation stage, the monotonic control strategy includes: when the compressor is operating at the set minimum compressor frequency, and the outdoor fan is operating at the set minimum fan frequency, and △P < △P 最小 at this time, △P is on the low side, and the outdoor fan cannot be further adjusted to reduce the air intake. Therefore, the deflector ring is gradually moved away from the air outlet direction. By reducing the air intake and generating hot air reflux, △P is increased until △P ≥ △P 最小 + P1, stop moving the deflector ring.

[0076] This design is to increase △P by moving the deflector ring away from the air outlet when the compressor frequency is the lowest and the outdoor fan frequency is the lowest. This adjustment method is fast and effective, and can quickly respond to the unit's requirements while reducing the unit's energy consumption.

[0077] P 冷凝 and P 蒸发 appearing in the above text are obtained by real-time detection. △P 最小 , P1, T0, T 设1 , T 设2 and T 设3 are all set values selected according to specific usage requirements. For example, T0 is 0°C, T 设1 is -40°C, T 设2 is -30°C, T 设3 is -20°C, T 设4 is 55°C. The compressor frequency, the outdoor fan frequency, and the adjustment amplitude of the deflector ring movement, the interval time between two consecutive adjustments, etc. can also be set according to specific usage requirements. For example, the movement speed of the deflector ring is 10 steps / second. The set farthest position and the set intermediate position can also be set according to specific usage requirements. For example, starting from the air outlet end 42 of the deflector ring 4 contacting the air outlet 12, the set intermediate position is at 2 / 3 of the position from the starting point to the set farthest position.

[0078] It should be noted that the terms used above are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present utility model. When the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof. The execution order of actions, steps, etc. in the devices and methods shown in the specification and drawings can be implemented in any order as long as there is no specific explicit order limitation and the output of the previous process is not used in the subsequent process. Similar sequential terms used for convenience of description do not mean that implementation must be in such an order.

[0079] Technologies, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such technologies, methods, and devices should be regarded as part of the authorized specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0080] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. Heat exchange device, including: A shell having an air inlet and an air outlet, a heat exchanger and a fan installed in the shell, a guide ring movably arranged around the outside of the fan, and a power mechanism connected to the guide ring; characterized in that the guide ring is blocked between the fan blades and the air inlet of the fan, the air outlet end of the guide ring faces the air outlet, and the power mechanism can push the guide ring to move along the axial direction of the fan.

2. The heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger is arranged at the air inlet, and is divided into an invalid heat exchange area and an effective heat exchange area in the axial direction of the fan. The effective heat exchange area is the area of ​​the heat exchanger that exceeds the air inlet end of the guide ring and is not blocked by the guide ring.

3. The heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet end of the guide ring is provided with a folding portion. When the folding portion moves with the guide ring to fit the edge of the air outlet, the air outlet end of the guide ring covers the air outlet.

4. The heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet end of the guide ring is provided with a guide portion which is inclined and opened toward the heat exchanger.

5. The heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective member for guiding the guide ring to move linearly is also installed in the shell. The protective member is provided with a limiting surface in contact with the guide ring, and the limiting surface is provided with a protective layer.

6. The heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power mechanism comprises: a support frame connected to the guide ring, a slide cylinder fixedly connected to the support frame, a lead screw threadedly matched with the slide cylinder, and an electric component driving the lead screw to rotate.

7. The heat exchange device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power mechanism further comprises: a coupling, through which the lead screw and the output shaft of the electric component are connected.

8. The heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The air inlet is arranged on the side surface of the shell, the air outlet is arranged on the top surface of the shell, and the power mechanism drives the guide ring to move up and down.

9. An air conditioning unit, characterized in that: The air conditioning unit comprises the heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The air conditioning unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outdoor unit of the air-conditioning unit adopts the heat exchange device.

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