Efficient synergistic removal device for organic pollutants discharged by fire coal
By setting up organic radical generators and adsorbents in coal-fired boilers, the generation and emission of organic pollutants are jointly inhibited, and the problems of low organic pollutant removal efficiency and poor process synergy in the prior art are solved, thereby achieving efficient organic pollutant control.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421932897.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-12
AI Technical Summary
The prior art has low efficiency in removing organic pollutants in coal-fired boilers and poor process synergies, resulting in a high "escape" rate of organic pollutants and cannot effectively inhibit their entry into the atmospheric environment.
Oxidative and reducing organic radical generators are provided in the recombustion zone and the combustion zone of the coal-fired boiler, and the generation of organic pollutants is suppressed by organic radical reactions, and an adsorbent is used in the low-temperature flue gas section for efficient adsorption and removal. After the adsorbent is captured by a bag dust collector, it returns to the main combustion zone for recombustion and purification.
Through synergistic action, the generation and emission concentration of organic pollutants are significantly reduced, the removal efficiency is improved, the "escape" rate is reduced, and the efficient control of organic pollutants in coal-fired boilers is achieved.
Smart Images
Figure CN223036384U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a device for efficiently and synergistically removing organic pollutants from coal combustion emissions, and in particular to a device composed of a low-temperature flue, an organic free radical generator A, an organic free radical generator B, an adsorbent granular material bin, a star feeder, a bag filter, and a return pipeline. The organic free radical generator A is composed of an organic free radical generator reaction chamber, an organic solvent storage tank, an organic solvent pressurization and gasification device, an organic solvent gas spray gun, an oxygen storage tank, an oxygen spray gun, a blower, a high-voltage discharge electrode, a strong ultraviolet light irradiation panel, a catalyst granular material bin, and a star feeder. The organic free radical generator B is composed of an organic free radical generator reaction chamber, an organic solvent storage tank, an organic solvent pressurization and gasification device, an organic solvent gas spray gun, a blower, a high-voltage discharge electrode, a strong ultraviolet light irradiation panel, a catalyst granular material bin, and a star feeder for efficiently and synergistically removing organic pollutants from coal combustion emissions. Background Art
[0002] During the coal combustion process, in addition to conventional pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter, organic pollutants are also generated and enter the ecological environment. The organic pollutants emitted from coal combustion are diverse in types, complex in composition, and great in environmental harm. They are not only important precursors for the formation of haze in the atmosphere, but also most organic pollutants have serious negative impacts on human health such as teratogenicity, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity.
[0003] In the development process of coal combustion pollutant control technologies, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter have received much attention due to their high emission concentrations. Currently, the above pollutants have generally been purified, treated, and discharged up to standard, and the pollution purification processes have also tended to be mature and stable. Although the organic pollutants generated during the coal combustion process have a relatively low generation concentration, their generation and evolution are complex and the types of ecological hazards caused are numerous, and they have gradually received the attention and emphasis of the scientific and industrial communities.
[0004] Similar to the research and development processes of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter removal processes, the current development focus of coal combustion organic pollutant removal processes still lies in the flue gas treatment after the formation of pollutants, and there are few reports on the process development for pollution control from the perspective of the generation process of organic pollutants.
[0005] Current process technologies and patents related to the removal of coal combustion organic pollutants mostly focus on the removal in the low-temperature flue gas section. The existing technologies and patents mostly adopt a single means of adsorbing and purifying the organic pollutants generated during the coal combustion process, with problems such as low efficiency of organic pollutant adsorption and purification, high cost, and the control process being ineffective in removing some organic pollutants, resulting in a large amount of "escape" of organic pollutants and still being able to continuously enter the atmospheric environment. The process synergy of the above technologies and patents is poor, and the pollutant removal efficiency is low.
[0006] This patent first adds oxidizing organic free radicals to the reburning zone of a coal-fired boiler and reducing organic free radicals to the burnout zone of the coal-fired boiler. Under the action of a catalyst added simultaneously, the reactions of organic free radicals in different boiler zones are utilized to efficiently inhibit the generation of organic pollutants and significantly reduce the pollutant concentration entering the subsequent flue gas. Subsequently, a small amount of the already generated organic pollutants are adsorbed and removed by an adsorbent in the low-temperature flue gas section, and the adsorbent adsorbed with organic pollutants returns to the main combustion zone of the coal-fired boiler for reburning purification.
[0007] This patent adopts an efficient collaborative removal mechanism for organic pollutants, which establishes organic free radical reactions to inhibit the generation of organic pollutants in the reburning zone and burnout zone of the coal-fired boiler, adopts an efficient adsorption mechanism in the low-temperature flue gas section, and then the adsorbent adsorbed with organic pollutants returns to the main combustion zone of the coal-fired boiler for reburning purification. From multiple disciplines such as thermo-kinetics, chemical kinetics, fluid mechanics, and materials science, a high-efficiency collaborative removal device for organic pollutants in coal combustion emissions is designed.
[0008] The technology of this patent solves the defects of the existing technologies and patents, such as low removal efficiency of organic pollutants, high "escape" rate of organic pollutants, single removal process, and poor process synergy. The process is advanced and reliable, and is suitable for the inhibition and removal of organic pollutants in coal-fired boilers. Summary of the Invention
[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency collaborative removal device for organic pollutants in coal combustion emissions, which is composed of a low-temperature flue, an organic free radical generator A, an organic free radical generator B, an adsorbent granular material bin, a star feeder, a bag filter, and a return pipeline. Among them, the organic free radical generator A is composed of an organic solvent storage tank, an organic solvent pressurization and gasification device, an organic solvent gas spray gun, an oxygen storage tank, an oxygen spray gun, a blower, a high-voltage discharge electrode, a strong ultraviolet light irradiation panel, a catalyst granular material bin, and a star feeder. The organic free radical generator B is composed of an organic solvent storage tank, an organic solvent pressurization and gasification device, an organic solvent gas spray gun, a blower, a high-voltage discharge electrode, a strong ultraviolet light irradiation panel, a catalyst granular material bin, and a star feeder. The technology of this patent solves the defects of the existing technologies and patents, such as low removal efficiency of organic pollutants, high "escape" rate of organic pollutants, single removal process, and poor process synergy. The process is advanced and reliable, and is suitable for the inhibition and removal of organic pollutants in coal-fired boilers.
[0010] For a high-efficiency collaborative removal device for organic pollutants in coal combustion emissions of this patent, an organic free radical generator A is set in the reburning zone of the boiler, an organic free radical generator B is set in the burnout zone of the boiler, an adsorbent granular material bin and a star feeder are set after the desulfurization, denitrification, and dust removal unit in the low-temperature flue at the tail of the boiler, and the adsorbent granular material bin and the star feeder are connected to the bag filter set behind through the low-temperature flue.
[0011] An organic radical generator A is respectively provided with an organic solvent storage tank, an organic solvent pressurization and gasification device, and an organic solvent gas spray gun. After the organic solvent is pressurized and gasified, it enters the organic radical generator A through the organic solvent gas spray gun. An oxygen storage tank provided on the organic radical generator A adds oxygen to the organic radical generator A through an oxygen spray gun. A blower is also provided on the organic radical generator A.
[0012] High-voltage discharge electrodes are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the first half of the organic radical generator A, and strong ultraviolet light irradiation panels are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the second half.
[0013] A catalyst granule bin and a star feeder are provided at the top of the middle position of the organic radical generator A for adding a catalyst to the organic radical generator A.
[0014] Compared with the organic radical generator A, an oxygen storage tank and an oxygen spray gun are not provided on the organic radical generator B.
[0015] After this patent is put into operation, the oxygen storage tank provided on the organic radical generator A sprays oxygen into the organic radical generator A through the oxygen spray gun, and the organic solvent pressurization and gasification device sprays organic solvent gas into the organic radical generator A through the organic solvent gas spray gun. At the same time, the high-voltage discharge electrode continuously discharges at high voltage, causing the organic solvent gas and oxygen to undergo ionization to form oxidizing organic radicals and O3. The organic radicals and O3 then adsorb on the surface of the catalyst granules. Under the irradiation of strong ultraviolet light, the catalyst granules continuously maintain chemical reaction activity and enter the reburning zone of the boiler under the action of the blower and the negative pressure of the boiler. In the reburning zone of the boiler, the reducing atmosphere formed by combustion dominates. Therefore, the proportion of reducing organic radicals formed at high temperature is high. These reducing organic radicals also adsorb on the surface of the catalyst and react with the oxidizing organic radicals and O3 already adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst to form carbon dioxide and water, thereby inhibiting the generation of organic pollutants in the reburning zone of the boiler.
[0016] After this patent is put into operation, the organic solvent pressurized gasification device provided on the organic free radical generator B sprays organic solvent gas into the organic free radical generator A through an organic solvent gas spray gun. At the same time, the high-voltage discharge electrode continuously discharges at high voltage, causing the organic solvent gas to undergo ionization to form reducing organic free radicals. The reducing free radicals are adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst particles. Under the irradiation of strong ultraviolet light, the catalyst particles continuously maintain their chemical reaction activity and enter the burnout zone of the boiler under the action of the blower and the negative pressure of the boiler. In the reburning zone of the boiler, the oxidizing atmosphere formed by combustion dominates. Therefore, a high proportion of oxidizing organic free radicals are formed at high temperatures. These oxidizing organic free radicals are also adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst and react with the reducing organic free radicals already adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst to form carbon dioxide and water, thereby inhibiting the generation of organic pollutants in the burnout zone of the boiler.
[0017] The adsorbent particle silo provided in the low-temperature flue of this patent adds adsorbent to the low-temperature flue through a star feeder. The adsorbent diffuses evenly in the low-temperature flue, and a small amount of organic pollutants "escaping" from the reburning zone and the burnout zone of the boiler are adsorbed on the surface of the adsorbent in the low-temperature flue and removed. The adsorbent enters the bag filter provided behind it with the flue gas and is then captured by the bag filter. The collected adsorbent enters the main combustion zone of the boiler through the return pipeline at the bottom of the dust collector for combustion treatment, thereby achieving the purpose of complete harmlessness.
[0018] The organic solvent used in the organic free radical generator A of this patent is a petroleum ether solution of dihydroxycyclohexane, and the organic solvent used in the free radical generator A is a petroleum ether solution of methylcyclohexane.
[0019] The catalyst used in the organic free radical generator A and the organic free radical generator B of this patent is a silicon-based particulate with a carbon content of 3% supported by V2O5 and TiO2, and the particle size is 3 - 5μm.
[0020] The adsorbent used in this patent is a modified fly ash particulate, with a specific surface area > 75m 2 / g, an average particle size of about 2μm, and a fly ash carbon content of about 8% - 10%. Description of the Drawings
[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow and equipment layout of this invention patent.
[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow and equipment section of the organic free radical generator A of this invention.
[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow and equipment section of the organic free radical generator B of this invention.
[0025] In the figure: 1. Coal-fired boiler; 2. High-temperature flue; 3. Desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal unit; 4. Low-temperature flue; 5. Bag filter; 6. Adsorbent particle silo; 7. Star feeder; 8. Organic free radical generator A; 9. Organic free radical generator B; 10. Organic free radical generator reaction chamber; 11. Organic solvent storage tank; 12. Organic solvent pressurized gasification device; 13. Organic solvent gas spray gun; 14. Oxygen storage tank; 15. Oxygen spray gun; 16. Blower; 17. High-voltage discharge electrode; 18. Strong ultraviolet light irradiation panel; 19. Catalyst particle silo; 20. Star feeder; 21. Return pipeline. Specific implementation mode
[0026] After this patent is put into operation, the oxygen storage tank (14) provided on the organic free radical generator A (8) sprays oxygen into the organic free radical generator A (8) through the oxygen spray gun (15), and the organic solvent pressurized gasification device (12) sprays organic solvent gas into the organic free radical generator A (8) through the organic solvent gas spray gun (13). At the same time, the high-voltage discharge electrode (17) continuously discharges at high voltage, causing the organic solvent gas and oxygen to undergo ionization to form oxidizing organic free radicals and O3. The organic free radicals and O3 are then adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst particles. Under the irradiation of strong ultraviolet light, the catalyst particles continuously maintain chemical reaction activity and enter the boiler reburning zone under the action of the blower and the boiler negative pressure. In the boiler reburning zone, the reducing atmosphere formed by combustion dominates. Therefore, the proportion of reducing organic free radicals formed at high temperature is high. These reducing organic free radicals are also adsorbed on the catalyst surface and react with the oxidizing organic free radicals and O3 already adsorbed on the catalyst surface to form carbon dioxide and water, thus inhibiting the generation of organic pollutants in the boiler reburning zone.
[0027] After this patent is put into operation, the organic solvent pressurized gasification device (12) provided on the organic free radical generator B (9) sprays organic solvent gas into the organic free radical generator B (9) through the organic solvent gas spray gun (13). At the same time, the high-voltage discharge electrode (17) continuously discharges at high voltage, causing the organic solvent gas to undergo ionization to form reducing organic free radicals. The reducing free radicals are adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst particles. Under the irradiation of strong ultraviolet light, the catalyst particles continuously maintain chemical reaction activity and enter the boiler burnout zone under the action of the blower and the boiler negative pressure. In the boiler reburning zone, the oxidizing atmosphere formed by combustion dominates. Therefore, the proportion of oxidizing organic free radicals formed at high temperature is high. These oxidizing organic free radicals are also adsorbed on the catalyst surface and react with the reducing organic free radicals already adsorbed on the catalyst surface to form carbon dioxide and water, thus inhibiting the generation of organic pollutants in the boiler burnout zone.
[0028] In this patent, the adsorbent granular material bin (6) installed in the low-temperature flue (4) adds adsorbent into the low-temperature flue (4) through a star feeder (7). The adsorbent diffuses evenly in the low-temperature flue, and a small amount of "escaped" organic pollutants in the reburning zone and burnout zone of the boiler are adsorbed on the surface of the adsorbent and removed in the low-temperature flue. The adsorbent enters the bag filter (5) arranged behind it along with the flue gas and is then captured by the bag filter (5). The collected adsorbent enters the main combustion zone of the boiler through the return pipeline (21) at the bottom of the bag filter (5) for combustion treatment, so as to achieve the purpose of complete harmlessness.
[0029] The organic solvent used in the organic free radical generator A (8) of this patent is a petroleum ether solution of dihydroxycyclohexane, and the organic solvent used in the organic free radical generator B (9) is a petroleum ether solution of methylcyclohexane.
[0030] The catalyst used in the organic free radical generator A (8) and the organic free radical generator B (9) of this patent is a silicon-based particulate with a carbon content of 3% supported by V2O5 and TiO2, and the particle size is 3 - 5 μm.
[0031] The adsorbent used in this patent is modified fly ash particulate matter, with a specific surface area > 75 m 2 / g, the average particle size is about 2 μm, and the carbon content of fly ash is about 8% - 10%.
[0032] This patent has been verified by pilot tests and demonstration projects, and the effect is good.
[0033] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention. The technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the patent scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An efficient synergistic removal device for organic pollutants emitted from coal combustion, mainly composed of an organic free radical generator A, an organic free radical generator B, an adsorbent particle silo and a star feeder, a bag dust collector, and a return pipe, characterized in that: An organic free radical generator A is arranged in the boiler reburning zone, an organic free radical generator B is arranged in the boiler burnout zone, an adsorbent particle silo and a star feeder are arranged after the desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal unit in the low-temperature flue at the rear of the boiler, and the adsorbent particle silo and the star feeder are connected to the bag dust collector arranged thereafter through the low-temperature flue.
2. The highly efficient synergistic removal device for organic pollutants emitted from coal combustion according to claim 1 is characterized by: The organic free radical generator A consists of an organic free radical generator reaction chamber, an organic solvent storage tank, an organic solvent pressurized gasification device, an organic solvent gas spray gun, an oxygen storage tank, an oxygen spray gun, a blower, a high-voltage discharge electrode, a strong ultraviolet light irradiation panel, a catalyst particle silo and a star feeder.
3. The highly efficient synergistic removal device for organic pollutants emitted from coal combustion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The organic free radical generator B consists of an organic free radical generator reaction chamber, an organic solvent storage tank, an organic solvent pressurized gasification device, an organic solvent gas spray gun, a blower, a high-voltage discharge electrode, a strong ultraviolet light irradiation panel, a catalyst particle silo and a star feeder.
4. The highly efficient synergistic removal device for organic pollutants emitted from coal combustion according to claim 1 is characterized by: The organic free radical generator A is provided with an organic solvent storage tank, an organic solvent pressurized gasification device and an organic solvent gas spray gun.
5. The highly efficient synergistic removal device for organic pollutants emitted from coal combustion according to claim 1 is characterized by: The organic free radical generator A is provided with an oxygen storage tank and an oxygen spray gun.
6. The highly efficient synergistic removal device for organic pollutants emitted from coal combustion according to claim 1 is characterized by: The organic free radical generator A and the organic free radical generator B are both provided with a catalyst particle silo and a star feeder.
7. The highly efficient synergistic removal device for organic pollutants emitted from coal combustion according to claim 1 is characterized by: The organic free radical generator A and the organic free radical generator B are both provided with blowers.
8. The highly efficient synergistic removal device for organic pollutants emitted from coal combustion according to claim 1 is characterized by: An adsorbent particle silo and a star feeder are arranged on the low-temperature flue.
9. The highly efficient synergistic removal device for organic pollutants emitted from coal combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return pipe is connected to the bag filter and the main combustion zone of the boiler respectively.