Blast hole charging structure for bridge demolition

Abstract

A blast hole charging structure for bridge demolition comprises a blocking structure, a cartridge bag, a water bag, a nonel detonator, a pressure relief and vibration reduction layer and a supporting block. The blocking structure comprises an end blocking structure arranged at the shot hole and a middle blocking structure arranged between the two closed spaces, an end outer plug and an end inner plug of the end blocking structure are connected through an end through hole, and a middle inner plug and two middle outer plugs of the middle blocking structure are connected through middle through holes. Each cartridge bag and each water bag are sent into the blast hole in a segmented mode through the supporting blocks, the water bags are arranged beside the cartridge bags, air gaps are formed between the cartridge bags and the inner wall of the blast hole and between the water bags and the inner wall of the blast hole, nonel detonators are connected with the cartridge bags in all the closed spaces through the middle blocking structures, and finally the end blocking structures are installed at the positions of blast holes of the blast hole. And the nonel detonator penetrates through the end part blocking structure and extends out of the blast hole. Under the same blasting strength, the use amount of the explosive bags can be reduced, pollution is reduced, and the phenomenon of resource waste caused by too many blast hole compartments is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of blasting engineering and relates to a charge structure for blast holes used in bridge demolition. Background Art

[0002] In building demolition, blasting is widely used as a necessary demolition method. During the process of bridge demolition, if the existing blasting method is adopted, it will produce large harmful effects, such as vibration, flying stones, shock waves, etc. The blasting dust is large, which will cause serious pollution to the environment. At present, the charge amount is large, the blasting intensity is high, and the cost is high. To improve the technology, the existing patent CN211977726U discloses a structure with a kraft paper ramming layer above the main charge, and a stemming layer wrapped with gun clay above the kraft paper ramming layer. The plastic detonating tube can be used for millisecond delay blasting, sectional blasting and presplitting blasting to ensure safety and prevent blasting noise. However, due to the limitations in material selection and structure design, this method cannot effectively reduce dust pollution. Therefore, adopting a reasonable charge structure for blast holes can avoid the adverse effects of the hazards caused by blasting on surrounding buildings and the environment, and improve the quality of blasting. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] To solve the deficiencies in the above background art, the utility model provides a charge structure for bridge blasting. Specifically, the blast hole is only divided into two independent sealed spaces, and water bags are added into each sealed space. Under the condition of the same blasting intensity, the amount of explosive charges can be reduced and pollution can be lowered, so as to solve the problems that the existing technology only uses one sealed space, resulting in relatively large blasting dust, relatively small blasting destructive force and environmental pollution, and avoid the phenomenon of resource waste caused by excessive blast hole compartments.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A charge structure for blast holes used in bridge demolition is provided with a plugging structure during blasting. The plugging structure includes an end plugging structure arranged at the blast hole and an intermediate plugging structure that divides the blast hole into two sealed spaces; the explosive charge and the water bag are pushed into the blast hole in sections through a support block. There are an explosive charge and a water bag in each sealed space, and the water bag is arranged beside the explosive charge. There is an air gap between both the explosive charge and the water bag and the inner wall of the blast hole; one end of the detonating fuse detonator sequentially passes through the end plugging structure and the intermediate plugging structure and is connected to the explosive charge in each sealed space, and the other end of the detonating fuse detonator is located outside the blast hole of the blast hole.

[0006] The intermediate plugging structure divides the blast hole into two independent sealed spaces. Each sealed space is smaller than the entire blast hole space. The explosive gas formed in each sealed space will not diffuse into the other sealed space, reducing the activity space of the explosive gas and the degree of freedom of movement, and increasing the destructive force of the blasting.

[0007] In the sealed spaces on both sides of the middle plugging structure, the explosive package in one sealed space is close to the middle plugging knot, and the water bag in the other sealed space is close to the middle plugging knot; the alternating arrangement of the water bag and the explosive combines the characteristics of the low vibration and low noise of the water bag and the high efficiency of the explosive, can significantly reduce the vibration during blasting and the noise generated during blasting on the premise of ensuring the blasting efficiency, making the blasting safer. In the case of needing to achieve the same blasting effect, the charging structure of the present utility model can reduce the amount of explosive used and reduce the harm caused by the explosive gas to the environment.

[0008] The end plugging structure includes an end outer plug and an end inner plug. The end outer plug and the end inner plug are connected through an end through hole, and the end outer plug is located in the sealed space side; during blasting, the end plugging structure can achieve axial self-locking.

[0009] The middle plugging structure is composed of two relatively arranged and integral end plugging structures. The two end inner plugs are close to each other, and the two middle outer plugs are far from each other; during blasting, the middle plugging structure can achieve axial self-locking, and the explosion impact force generated during the blasting of two adjacent sealed spaces can enable the middle plugging structure to achieve two-way structural self-locking.

[0010] A rubber gasket is provided between the end outer plug and the end inner plug. While the plugging structure achieves self-locking, the rubber gasket has sufficient surface pressure, and the rubber gasket can play a role in enhancing the airtightness of the space and preventing gas from leaking into other spaces.

[0011] The plugging structure further includes a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe axially penetrates the upper half of the outer plug and the inner plug. Anti-detachment rings are provided at both ends of the connecting pipe, and the detonator of the detonating fuse can pass through the inside of the anti-detachment ring and the connecting pipe.

[0012] Each sealed space is provided with a rigid support block that can fit with the inner wall of the blast hole. The outer plugs are respectively fixedly connected to the support blocks of their corresponding sealed spaces, and the explosive package and the water bag can be loaded into the blast hole by pushing the support block into the blast hole.

[0013] The inner plug includes a head and an inner cylinder, and the nominal outer diameter size of the inner plug is equal to the nominal inner diameter size of the blast hole.

[0014] Advantages of the present utility model: The charge structure for blast holes of the bridge in the present utility model includes blast holes, explosives, water bags, plugging structures, and detonator cords. The blast holes are air-spaced by the plugging structures, and the explosive packages and water bags are arranged alternately in the spaced blast holes. The detonator cords are connected to the explosive packages in each sealed space through the intermediate plugging structures. One end of the detonator cord passes through the plugging structure, and the other end extends outside the blast hole of the blast eye. The explosive gases formed in the separated sealed spaces will not diffuse into other sealed spaces, reducing the activity space and freedom of movement of the explosive gases and increasing the destructive power of the blasting. By alternately arranging the water bags and explosives, the characteristics of low vibration and low noise of the water bags are combined with the high efficiency of the explosives, which can significantly reduce the vibration during blasting and the noise generated during blasting while ensuring the blasting efficiency of the bridge, making the blasting safer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the charge structure for bridge blasting of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged view of the end plugging structure in

[0017] Figure 3 is Figure 1 an enlarged view of the intermediate plugging structure in

[0018] Figure 4 is a distribution diagram of the blast hole positions in the bridge blasting of the present utility model;

[0019] In the figure: 1 - pressure relief and vibration reduction layer, 2 - explosive package, 3 - support block, 4 - detonator cord, 5 - air gap, 6 - intermediate plugging structure, 7 - end plugging structure, 8 - blast eye, 9 - end head, 10 - end through hole, 11 - stop block, 12 - pipe passing hole, 13 - end outer plug, 14 - end inner cylinder, 15 - rubber washer, 16 - middle head, 17 - middle through hole, 18 - middle outer plug, 19 - middle inner cylinder, 20 - anti - detachment ring, 21 - blast hole, 22 - water bag, 23 - connecting pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The following further describes the specific embodiments of the present utility model in combination with the drawings and technical solutions.

[0021] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the blast hole 21 is horizontally arranged, and the borehole 8 of the blast hole 21 is at the right end. A plugging structure is provided in the blast hole 21. The plugging structure divides the blast hole 21 into two independent sealed spaces along the length direction, which are divided into a middle plugging structure 6 and an end plugging structure 7. Each sealed space is provided with a charge 2 and a water bag 22. There is an air gap 5 between the charge 2 and the water bag 22 and the inner wall of the blast hole 21. All the charges 2 are connected by detonator leads 4. The detonator leads 4 pass through the plugging structure, and the right end of the detonator leads 4 extends out of the borehole 8 of the blast hole 21.

[0022] After the charge 2 in each sealed space explodes, the explosive gas in the sealed space will not diffuse into other sealed spaces. The active space of the explosive gas is reduced, and the destructive ability of the explosion is enhanced. When the charge 2 explodes, the water pressure blasting of the water bag 22 can effectively reduce the noise and vibration generated during blasting, and at the same time, it can also have the blasting force when the charge 2 explodes. Therefore, in the case of achieving the same blasting effect, dividing the blast hole into two sealed spaces and adding a water bag can reduce the amount of charge, thereby reducing the harm of blasting gas to the atmosphere.

[0023] As Figure 2 shown in the figure, the end plugging structure 7 includes an end outer plug 13 and an end inner plug. The end inner plug is composed of an end head 9 and an end inner cylinder 14. The end outer plug 13 and the end inner plug are connected through an end through hole 10. The solid end of the connection is located in the sealed space. During blasting, the end plugging structure 7 can achieve axial self-locking. There is a gap between the outer wall of the end outer plug 13 and the inner wall of the blast hole 21. The nominal outer diameter of the end head 9 is equal to the nominal inner diameter of the blast hole 21. A rubber washer 15 is provided between the end outer plug 13 and the end inner plug to ensure the airtightness of the sealed space formed when the end plugging structure 7 achieves axial self-locking. The upper half of the end outer plug 13 and the end head 9 have an axially penetrating pipe hole 12, and the detonator lead 4 can pass through the pipe hole 12 in the upper half of the end outer plug 13 and the end head 9.

[0024] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, the intermediate plugging structure 6 includes a middle inner plug and two middle outer plugs 18. The middle inner plug is composed of a middle head 16 and a middle inner cylinder 19. The two middle outer plugs 18 are connected through a middle through hole 17, and the solid ends are away from each other when connected. During blasting, both ends of the intermediate plugging structure 6 can achieve axial two-way self-locking. A rubber gasket 15 is provided between the middle head 16 and the two middle outer plugs 18 to ensure the airtightness of the sealed space formed when the intermediate plugging structure 6 achieves two-way axial self-locking. The two middle outer plugs 18 are respectively located in two adjacent sealed spaces. There is a gap between the outer walls of the two middle outer plugs 18 and the inner wall of the blast hole 21. The nominal diameter of the middle inner plug is equal to the nominal inner diameter of the blast hole 21. The intermediate plugging structure 6 further includes a connecting pipe 23. The connecting pipe 23 axially penetrates the upper half of the middle inner plug and the two middle outer plugs 18. Anti-loosening rings 20 are connected to both ends of the connecting pipe 23. The middle of the connecting pipe 23 is a pipe-passing hole 12, and the detonator 4 of the detonating fuse can pass through the anti-loosening ring 20 and the pipe-passing hole 12 of the connecting pipe 23.

[0025] As a further solution of the present invention, a plurality of blast holes are provided. The depth of the blast holes is 1.2 m, the hole spacing of the blast holes is 0.4 - 0.5 m, and the diameter of the blast holes is 35 - 40 mm. The charging and plugging length of each chamber is 0.25 - 0.3 m, and the charging density takes a coefficient according to specific circumstances. The filling length of the cylindrical water bag is 0.3 m, and the diameter is 30 - 32 mm.

[0026] The working process of the present invention is as follows: The pressure relief and vibration reduction layer 1, the explosive charge 2, the water bag 22, and the intermediate plugging structure 6 are fixedly installed on the support block 3 in the corresponding sealed space as the charging segments. The explosive charge and the water bag are fixed to the support block 3 by ropes. The detonator 4 of the detonating fuse is connected to the explosive charge 2 in each sealed space, and the detonator 4 of the detonating fuse passes through the lead hole of the intermediate plugging structure 6. The charging segments are pushed into the blast holes through the support block 3. The end plugging structure 7 is installed at the blast hole 8 of the blast hole 21, and the right end of the detonator 4 of the detonating fuse passes through the end plugging structure 7.

Claims

1. A blasthole charging structure for bridge demolition, characterized in that: A blocking structure is provided in the blasting structure, which includes an end blocking structure arranged at the blasthole and a middle blocking structure which divides the blasthole into two closed spaces; the powder bag and the water bag are pushed into the blasthole in sections through the support block, each closed space has a powder bag and a water bag, a water bag is arranged next to the powder bag, and an air gap is provided between the powder bag and the water bag and the inner wall of the blasthole; one end of the detonating cord detonator passes through the end blocking structure and the middle blocking structure in sequence, and is connected to the powder bag in each closed space, and the other end of the detonating cord detonator is located outside the blasthole of the blasthole.

2. The blasthole charging structure for bridge demolition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the enclosed spaces on both sides of the middle blocking structure, the powder bag in one enclosed space is close to the middle blocking knot, and the water bag in the other enclosed space is close to the middle blocking knot, that is, the water bag and the explosive are alternately arranged.

3. The blasthole charging structure for bridge demolition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end plugging structure includes an end outer plug and an end inner plug, which are connected through an end through hole, and the end outer plug is located in the closed space side; during explosion, the end plugging structure realizes axial self-locking.

4. The blasthole charging structure for bridge demolition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle blocking structure is composed of two oppositely arranged, integrated end blocking structures, with the two end inner plugs close to each other and the two middle outer plugs far away from each other; during blasting, the middle blocking structure achieves axial self-locking, and the explosion impact force generated when two adjacent confined spaces are blasted enables the middle blocking structure to achieve bidirectional structural self-locking.

5. The blasthole charging structure for bridge demolition according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber gasket is provided between the end outer plug and the end inner plug. While the plugging structure realizes self-locking, the rubber gasket has sufficient surface pressure. The rubber gasket plays a role in enhancing the airtightness of the space and preventing gas from leaking into other spaces.

6. The blast hole charging structure for bridge demolition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plugging structure also includes a connecting tube, which axially penetrates the upper part of the outer plug and the inner plug, and anti-slip rings are arranged at both ends of the connecting tube, and the detonating cord detonator passes through the anti-slip rings and the inside of the connecting tube.

7. The blasthole charging structure for bridge demolition according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each enclosed space is provided with a rigid support block which fits the inner wall of the blast hole. The outer plugs are fixedly connected to the support blocks of the corresponding enclosed spaces respectively. The medicine bag and the water bag are loaded into the blast hole by pushing the support blocks into the blast hole.

8. The blasthole charging structure for bridge demolition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner plug comprises a head and an inner cylinder, and the nominal outer diameter of the inner plug is equal to the nominal inner diameter of the blasthole.

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