Antenna and communication device

Abstract

The utility model provides an antenna and communication equipment, belongs to the technical field of communication, and can solve the problems that an existing antenna is difficult to further miniaturize and lighten and is poor in radiation performance. The antenna disclosed by the utility model comprises a plurality of reflecting plates and a plurality of antenna units, the reflecting plate comprises a bottom plate and a side plate connected with the bottom plate; the bottom plates are sequentially connected to form a hollow structure, and the antenna unit located on the bottom plates is arranged between the two side plates; the side plate is provided with at least one concave part, and an opening of the concave part deviates from the bottom plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of communication technologies, and particularly relates to an antenna and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the new generation of information and communication technologies, the construction of various information infrastructure and the process of informatization application in the marine field have been accelerating continuously, and the enabling effect of the intelligent ocean has gradually emerged. Due to the significant differences in environmental characteristics and business requirements between the marine scenario and the terrestrial scenario, the communication facilities in the marine field are facing construction difficulties such as wide 5G network deployment scope, high capacity, and difficult deployment. Moreover, the 5G business scenarios and requirements of various industries in the marine field are different, and it is necessary to carry out the deployment of 5G construction design solutions in a targeted manner. On the one hand, for the network quality requirements in coastal hot spots, there are not only voice services and medium and low-speed data transmissions, but also video services and live broadcast goods, etc. On the other hand, although the density of ships in some waters far from the shore is significantly lower than that in the coastal area, services such as offshore fishery, energy extraction monitoring, and maritime real-time monitoring require continuous and stable communication network coverage.

[0003] To meet the differentiated scenario requirements of various industries in the marine field, currently, Chinese operators classify the sea area network into four categories: coastal (0-20 km from the shore), near sea (20-40 km), far sea (40-100 km), and ultra-far sea (more than 100 km) from the perspectives of the distance from the shore, user type, business requirements, etc., and take "excellent experience in the coastal area, stable signal in the near sea, and reachable calls in the far sea" as the network construction goal to build a 5G sea area three-dimensional coverage integrated networking network. Considering the different requirements of various services in the sea area for network capacity and coverage, the 5G network of the intelligent ocean will mainly be deployed in combination with low-frequency bands and medium and high-frequency bands. Taking China Mobile as an example, the marine 5G network adopts a multi-frequency networking method of 700 MHz + 2.6 GHz + 4.9 GHz, and the frequency bands can be flexibly selected and superimposed according to specific business requirements. Specifically, the wide coverage advantage of the 700 MHz low frequency is fully utilized for sea area coverage, 2.6 GHz is deployed as needed for coastal high-traffic scenarios to supplement capacity, and 4.9 GHz is appropriately deployed for super hot spots and large uplink scenarios to further solve the capacity requirements.

[0004] Generally speaking, in order to meet the above-mentioned coverage requirements for the near and far seas in the sea area, the antenna terminals applied to marine vessels need to have the characteristics of multi-frequency, miniaturization, lightweight, and high radiation efficiency. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The present utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. On the one hand, an antenna is proposed, which includes a plurality of reflector plates and a plurality of antenna elements; the reflector plate includes a bottom plate and a side plate connected to the bottom plate; the bottom plates are sequentially connected in series to form a hollow structure, and one of the antenna elements located on the bottom plate is arranged between the two side plates; at least one recessed portion is provided on the side plate, and the opening of the recessed portion faces away from the bottom plate.

[0006] In some examples, each of the antenna elements further includes m first oscillators and n second oscillators arranged side by side on the bottom plate, where both m and n are positive integers not less than 1; the operating frequency of the first oscillator is less than the operating frequency of the second oscillator; the recessed portion is provided at a position on the side plate corresponding to at least part of the second oscillators.

[0007] In some examples, the second oscillator includes a main radiation portion; the recessed portion includes a bottom opposite to its opening, and the distance between the main radiation portion and the bottom plate is not less than the distance between the bottom and the bottom plate.

[0008] In some examples, the maximum distance between the two side edges of the recessed portion is 0.4λ2 to 0.6λ2, where λ2 is the wavelength of the radiation wave of the second oscillator.

[0009] In some examples, the bottom of the recessed portion is arc-shaped or in the form of a broken line formed by a plurality of line segments.

[0010] In some examples, the first oscillator includes four radiation arms, and every two adjacent radiation arms cross at a specific position to form a cross-polarization structure; the part of the radiation arm closest to the recessed portion and closest to the bottom plate is the first bottom end; the connection line between the center of the recessed portion and the center of the main radiation portion of the second oscillator corresponding to the recessed portion passes through the first bottom end.

[0011] In some examples, the radiation arm has a hollowed-out portion.

[0012] In some examples, the first oscillator further includes a first bottom sheet, a first support assembly, a first feeding sheet, and a second feeding sheet; wherein, the first bottom sheet is mounted on the bottom plate; the first support assembly includes four support bodies, the first ends of which are connected to the first bottom sheet, and the second ends are respectively connected to the four radiation arms; the first bottom sheet, the first support assembly, and the four radiation arms are an integral sheet metal part; the first feeding sheet is connected to two opposite support bodies among the four support bodies, and the second feeding sheet is connected to the other two opposite support bodies among the four support bodies; the first feeding sheet and the second feeding sheet are each an integral sheet metal part.

[0013] In some examples, the antenna unit further includes a director loop; the area of the orthographic projection of the director loop on the bottom plate is not less than the area of the orthographic projection of the cross-polarization structure on the bottom plate.

[0014] In some examples, the antenna unit further includes a first isolation sheet; the first isolation sheet is located between the two first oscillators, and both ends of the first isolation sheet are respectively fixed on the two side plates on both sides of the antenna unit.

[0015] In some examples, a second isolation sheet is provided between the second oscillator and at least one side plate.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the hollow structure includes a first end and a second end; the antenna further includes a first baffle and a second baffle, wherein the first baffle is disposed at the first end of the hollow structure, and the second baffle is disposed at the second end of the hollow structure.

[0017] In some examples, the antenna unit further includes a third isolation sheet;

[0018] In some examples, the third isolation sheet is disposed on the first baffle, opposite to the part of the radiation arm closest to the first baffle, and extends in a direction away from the second baffle of the first baffle.

[0019] In some examples, the first baffle has a first hollow pattern, and the orthographic projection of the first hollow pattern on the horizontal plane is not larger than the orthographic projection of the opening of the first end on the horizontal plane; and / or, the second baffle has a second hollow pattern, and the orthographic projection of the second hollow pattern on the horizontal plane is not larger than the orthographic projection of the opening of the second end on the horizontal plane.

[0020] In some examples, when the second baffle has a second hollow pattern, the contour of the second hollow pattern is adapted to the outer contour of the second baffle.

[0021] In some examples, the first baffle includes a first main body portion and a first auxiliary portion; the first hollow pattern penetrates through the first main body portion; the first auxiliary portion surrounds the periphery of the first main body portion and is connected to the first main body portion.

[0022] In some examples, the second baffle includes a second main body portion and a plurality of second branch portions; the second hollow pattern penetrates through the second main body portion; the second branch portions are connected to the vertex positions of the second main body portion.

[0023] In some examples, the second baffle includes a second main body portion, a second auxiliary portion, and a plurality of second branch portions; the second hollow pattern penetrates through the second main body portion; the second branch portions are connected to vertex positions of the second main body portion; the second auxiliary portion surrounds the periphery of the second main body portion, is adapted to the contour of the second hollow portion, and is connected to the second main body portion through the second branch portions.

[0024] In some examples, it further includes a fan, a fan fixing plate, and a GPS antenna; wherein, the fan fixing plate is installed on a side of the second baffle facing away from the first baffle, and includes a first side surface facing the second baffle and a second side surface opposite to the first side surface; the fan is installed on the first side surface and is embedded in an opening of the second end portion; the GPS antenna is installed on the second side surface; the fan fixing plate has an opening exposing at least a part of the fan.

[0025] In some examples, it further includes a shielding cover fixed on the bottom plate; the shielding cover corresponds to the position of the second oscillator and is located on the inner wall of the hollow structure.

[0026] In some examples, it further includes a base and an antenna cover, and the antenna cover includes a top cover and a cavity cylinder for enclosing the hollow structure, wherein, the top cover is connected to the cavity cylinder, and the cavity cylinder is connected to the base.

[0027] On the other hand, the present disclosure proposes a communication device including the antenna described above.

[0028] In some examples, the communication device further includes a determination module and a signal conversion module; the determination module is configured to determine the antenna unit to be communicatively connected to the signal conversion module according to the signal strength information of the base station signals received by each of the antenna units; the signal conversion module is configured to perform signal conversion on the signals it receives for the access of the user terminal.

[0029] In a third aspect, the present disclosure proposes a communication method applied to the communication device described above; the communication method includes: determining, by the determination module, the antenna unit to be communicatively connected to the signal conversion module according to the signal strength information of the base station signals received by each of the antenna units; and performing signal conversion on the signals received by the signal conversion module for the access of the user terminal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification, and are used together with the following specific embodiments to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 Top view of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figures 2A - 2B Stereo structure diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figures 2C - 2D Schematic diagram of the radome according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figures 3A - 3B Schematic diagram of the reflector structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 5A Stereo schematic diagram of the low-frequency oscillator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 5B Top view of the low-frequency oscillator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 5C Structure diagram of the first feed piece and the second feed piece according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 5D Schematic diagram of the radiation arm of the low-frequency oscillator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] Figure 5E Schematic diagram of the low-frequency oscillator formed on the PCB according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 5F Schematic diagram of the director loop according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] Figures 6A - 6C Structure diagram of the high-frequency oscillator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the position where the recess is provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figures 8A - 8B Gain comparison and horizontal beamwidth comparison diagram of the antenna with a director loop and a reflector and the antenna without a director loop and a reflector;

[0045] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the installation positions of the first spacer and the second spacer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] Figures 10A - 10D Schematic diagram of the shapes of the first baffle and the second baffle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0047] Figure 10E Schematic diagram of the installation positions of the first baffle and the second baffle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] Figures 11A - 11D For the standing wave ratio and polarization isolation of each low-frequency oscillator and the standing wave ratio and polarization isolation of each high-frequency oscillator in the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0049] Figures 12A - 12D For the gain and horizontal beamwidth of the low-frequency oscillator and the gain and horizontal beamwidth of the high-frequency oscillator in one antenna unit of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0050] Figure 13A Schematic diagram of an antenna unit including 2 low-frequency oscillators and 3 high-frequency oscillators;

[0051] Figures 13B - 13C Schematic diagram of an antenna unit including 1 low-frequency oscillator and 4 high-frequency oscillators;

[0052] Figure 14A For Figure 4 the antenna shown and Figure 13A the gain comparison diagram of the antenna shown;

[0053] Figure 14B For Figure 4 the antenna shown and Figure 13A the vertical beamwidth comparison diagram of the antenna shown;

[0054] Figure 14C For Figure 4 the antenna shown and Figure 13B the gain comparison diagram of the antenna shown;

[0055] Figure 14D For Figure 4 the antenna shown and Figure 13B the vertical beamwidth comparison diagram of the antenna shown;

[0056] Figure 15A Schematic diagram of the installation position of the PCB board power divider;

[0057] Figure 15B Schematic diagram of the first / second high-frequency power divider;

[0058] Figure 15C Schematic diagram of the first / second low-frequency power divider;

[0059] Figures 16A - 16B Two examples of the connection between the power divider and the RF main board;

[0060] Figure 16C Performance diagram of the combined signal of the duplexer obtained by actual measurement;

[0061] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the communication device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0062] Figures 18A - 18BTwo examples of the specific structure of the chasing station module;

[0063] Figure 19 The flowchart of the communication method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0064] Figure 20 A specific flowchart of step S1 in the communication method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0065] Figure 21 Another specific flowchart of step S1 in the communication method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed implementation manners

[0066] The following will describe the detailed implementation manners of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed implementation manners described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and are not used to limit the present disclosure.

[0067] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0068] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure shall have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the art belonging to the field of the present disclosure. The "first", "second", and similar terms used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connection" or "coupling" and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0069] As used herein, "parallel" and "perpendicular" include the stated situations and situations similar to the stated situations, where the range of the similar situations is within an acceptable deviation range, and the acceptable deviation range is determined by a person of ordinary skill in the art considering the measurement being discussed and the errors associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "parallel" includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, where the acceptable deviation range for approximate parallelism can be, for example, within a deviation of 5°; "perpendicular" includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, where the acceptable deviation range for approximate perpendicularity can also be, for example, within a deviation of 5°.

[0070] It should be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, it can be that the layer or element is directly on the other layer or substrate, or there can also be an intermediate layer between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate.

[0071] Exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional views and / or plan views that are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and regions is exaggerated for clarity. Thus, variations in the shape relative to the drawings due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances are contemplated. Accordingly, the exemplary embodiments should not be construed as being limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but rather include shape deviations caused by, for example, manufacturing. Thus, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to show the actual shape of the regions of the device and are not intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0072] The related art often uses two-sector antennas or three-sector antennas to achieve omnidirectional coverage. Two-sector antennas or three-sector antennas are usually formed by splicing single-sided independent antennas. Within a short distance (within 3 kilometers), seamless coverage can be achieved by two-sector antennas or three-sector antennas through electronically steered beams. However, when facing a medium-to-long distance (greater than 3 kilometers) range, the gain roll-off at the junction of adjacent two sectors is relatively large, and signal blind spots are likely to occur; at this time, by increasing the number of sectors and reducing the coverage range of a single-sector antenna, the coverage effect can be improved. For example, the coverage range of each sector of a three-sector antenna in the horizontal plane is 120°, while the coverage range of each sector of a six-sector antenna only needs to reach 60°.

[0073] A multi-sector antenna is composed of a plurality of antenna elements spliced together. In related technologies, in order to achieve multi-band and miniaturization of the antenna, usually each antenna element includes oscillators of multiple frequency bands. For example, each antenna element includes both low-frequency oscillators and high-frequency oscillators. However, since the sizes of the low-frequency oscillators and the high-frequency oscillators are different, that is, the size of the low-frequency oscillator is larger than that of the high-frequency oscillator, when the number of frequency bands of the antenna element is large, limited by the large size of the low-frequency oscillator, it is difficult to reduce the size of the antenna element, resulting in a large overall diameter of the multi-sector antenna composed of a plurality of antenna elements spliced together.

[0074] The radiation performance of an antenna is usually measured by indicators such as gain, directivity, impedance matching, standing wave ratio, polarization isolation degree, etc. Among them, the standing wave ratio refers to the matching degree between the impedance at the input end of the antenna and the output impedance of the transmission line or the radio frequency front-end circuit. When the input impedance of the antenna does not match the output impedance of the transmission line or the radio frequency front-end circuit, part of the signal will be reflected back to form a standing wave, resulting in an increase in the standing wave ratio; the polarization isolation degree refers to the isolation degree of the antenna for signals with different polarization directions when receiving or transmitting signals. For the multi-sector antenna provided by the related technology, due to the mutual interference between oscillators of different frequency bands, unreasonable design parameters and structures of the antenna, and the mutual interference between antenna elements of different sectors, on the one hand, it is easy to increase the signal loss, resulting in an increase in the reflected signal, thereby increasing the standing wave ratio; on the other hand, it is easy to cause cross-coupling between different signals, reducing the polarization isolation degree of the antenna.

[0075] To this end, on the one hand, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna. Figure 1 It is a top view of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2A It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure; Figures 3A - 3B It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the reflector 3. Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2A , the antenna described in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plurality of reflectors 3 and a plurality of antenna elements 100. Refer to Figure 3A and Figure 3B , the reflector 3 includes a bottom plate 301 and a side plate 302 connected to the bottom plate 301. The bottom plates 301 of the respective reflectors 3 are sequentially connected in series to form a hollow structure as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2A , and an antenna element 100 located on the bottom plate 301 is provided between the two side plates 302. The side plate 302 has at least one recess 304, and the opening of the recess 304 faces away from the bottom plate 301.

[0076] In the above embodiments, the reflector 3 used by the antenna is an asymmetric structure, that is, it only has one side plate 302, which has a lighter weight compared to the reflector including two side plates 302, so it helps to lighten the weight of the antenna; moreover, the side plate 302 of the reflector 3 adopted in this embodiment has a recess 304. The reflector 3 with this structure can improve the standing wave ratio of the antenna unit 100 arranged between the two side plates 302 to a certain extent, thereby improving the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0077] Specifically, each antenna unit 100 includes m first oscillators and n second oscillators arranged side by side on the bottom plate 301, and both m and n are positive integers not less than 1. Among them, the operating frequency of the first oscillator is less than that of the second oscillator. For example, the operating frequency band of the first oscillator is 700 MHz, and the operating frequency band of the second oscillator is 2.6 GHz. For the convenience of description and distinction, the first oscillator will be referred to as the low-frequency oscillator 1 and the second oscillator will be referred to as the high-frequency oscillator 2 hereinafter.

[0078] Furthermore, for each antenna unit 100, the number of low-frequency oscillators 1 and the number of high-frequency oscillators 2 can both be multiple, and a high-frequency oscillator 2 is arranged between two low-frequency oscillators 1. Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna unit 100, as Figure 4 shown, the number of low-frequency oscillators 1 can be two, the number of high-frequency oscillators 2 can be four, and three high-frequency oscillators 2 are arranged between the two low-frequency oscillators 1. The distance between adjacent high-frequency oscillators 2 among the three high-frequency oscillators 2 is equal, and the remaining one high-frequency oscillator 2 can be located on one side of any low-frequency oscillator 1 away from the other low-frequency oscillator 1; from Figure 4 it can be seen that a considerable part of the orthographic projection of the high-frequency oscillator 2 on the bottom plate 301 falls into the orthographic projection of the low-frequency oscillator 1 on the bottom plate 301. Therefore, such an arrangement can effectively reduce the overall height of the antenna. Or, the arrangement of the low-frequency oscillator 1 and the high-frequency oscillator 2 can also adopt the method of arranging four high-frequency oscillators 2 between two low-frequency oscillators 1. Compared with the arrangement method Figure 4 shown, the length of the required reflector 3 is longer, so the overall height of the antenna is higher. It should be noted that Figure 4 only shows an example of the number and arrangement method of the low-frequency oscillator 1 and the high-frequency oscillator 2, which does not constitute a limitation.

[0079] Continuing to refer to Figures 3A - 3B , the bottom plate 301 has a plurality of positioning holes 303, including the positioning hole 3031 for fixing the low-frequency oscillator 1 and the positioning hole 3032 for fixing the high-frequency oscillator 2. In addition to fixing the low-frequency oscillator 1 and the high-frequency oscillator 2, the positioning holes 303 on the bottom plate 301 can also improve the standing wave ratio of the high-frequency oscillator 2.

[0080] Next, taking the low-frequency oscillator 1 shown in Figures 5A - 5C as an example, and taking the high-frequency oscillator 2 shown in Figures 6A - 6C as an example, the structures of the low-frequency oscillator 1 and the high-frequency oscillator 2 will be specifically introduced.

[0081] Figure 5A FIG. is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the low-frequency oscillator 1, Figure 5B FIG. is a top view of the low-frequency oscillator 1, Figure 5C FIG. is a schematic diagram of the first feeding piece 103 and the second feeding piece 104. As Figure 5A shown, the low-frequency oscillator 1 includes a first bottom plate 102, a first feeding piece 103, a first feeding cable 1031, a second feeding piece 104, a second feeding cable 1041, a first supporting component, four radiation arms, and a radiation arm fixing piece 106. A first base 101 is installed on the inner wall of the hollow structure at a position corresponding to the low-frequency oscillator 1, and the first bottom plate 102 is disposed on the bottom plate 301 through the first base 101; the first supporting component includes four sheet-shaped supporting bodies, namely a first supporting body 1051A, a second supporting body 1052A, a third supporting body 1053A, and a fourth supporting body 1054A. The four radiation arms include a first radiation arm 1051, a second radiation arm 1052, a third radiation arm 1053, and a fourth radiation arm 1054. One end of the four sheet-shaped supporting bodies is connected to the first bottom plate 102, and the other ends are respectively connected to the four radiation arms. As Figure 5B shown, every two adjacent radiation arms among the four radiation arms cross at a specific position to form a cross-polarization structure. For example, the first radiation arm 1051 and the second radiation arm 1052 form a first polarized oscillator, and the third radiation arm 1053 and the fourth radiation arm 1054 form a second polarized oscillator that crosses the first polarized oscillator. As Figure 5C shown, the first feeding piece 103 includes a first feeding hole 1032 and a plurality of first fixing holes 1033, and the second feeding piece 104 includes a second feeding hole 1042 and a plurality of second fixing holes 1043. As Figures 5A - 5CAs shown, the first feeding piece 103 is connected to the third support 1053A through some of the plurality of first fixing holes 1033, and is connected to the fourth support 1054A through the other fixing holes. The second feeding piece 104 is connected to the second support 1052A through some of the plurality of second fixing holes 1043, and is connected to the first support 1051A through the other fixing holes. Among them, the first feeding cable 1031 feeds the third radiation arm 1053 and the fourth radiation arm 1054 through the first feeding hole 1032, and the second feeding cable 1041 feeds the first radiation arm 1051 and the second radiation arm 1052 through the second feeding hole 1042. The radiation arm fixing member 106 is used to limit the four radiation arms. It can be understood that the other ends of the first feeding cable 1031 and the second feeding cable 1041 extend to the inside of the hollow structure and are connected to the feeding network installed on the inner wall of the hollow structure for power splitting and combining.

[0082] In some examples, each of the first feeding piece 103 and the second feeding piece 104 is an integral metal sheet metal part; the first bottom piece 102, the first support assembly and the four radiation arms are also integral metal sheet metal parts. Further, as Figure 5D shown, the first support assembly and the four radiation arms are both provided with hollowed-out parts 107. Or, as Figure 5E shown, the first support assembly and the four radiation arms of the low-frequency oscillator 1 are formed by using a PCB board 108. The PCB board 108 can be a single-layer PCB or a double-layer PCB. The metal layer of the PCB board 108 should be close to the feeding piece (such as the first feeding piece 103 or the second feeding piece 104) connected thereto, and this metal layer plays a radiation role; among them, the metal layer of the PCB board has a hollowed-out part 107, and relative to Figure 5D , the area of the hollowed-out part 107 can be increased, and the dielectric layer of the PCB board can bear the role of supporting the low-frequency oscillator 1.

[0083] In the above examples, both the first feeding piece 103 and the second feeding piece 104 are integral sheet metal parts, and the first bottom piece 102, the first support assembly and the four radiation arms are also integral sheet metal parts. They can be formed by sheet metal bending during manufacturing, so it is convenient for processing. Further, the hollowed-out parts 107 are opened on the first support assembly and the four radiation arms. By reducing the effective area of radiation, the spatial scattering of the low-frequency oscillator 1 to the high-frequency oscillator 2 can be reduced, thereby greatly reducing the influence of the low-frequency oscillator 1 on the radiation pattern of the adjacent high-frequency oscillator 2.

[0084] In some examples, the antenna unit 100 further includes a director loop 13. As Figure 5FAs shown, the area of the orthographic projection of the director loop 13 on the bottom plate 301 is not less than the area of the orthographic projection of the cross-polarization structure formed by the four radiation arms on the bottom plate 301. In this example, by providing the director loop 13 on the low-frequency oscillator 1, the input impedance of the antenna can be adjusted, the radiation pattern and directivity of the antenna can be controlled, and the gain of the antenna can be increased.

[0085] Figures 6A - 6C It is a schematic structural diagram of the high-frequency oscillator 2. As Figures 6A - 6C shown, the high-frequency oscillator 2 mainly includes a second bottom plate 207, a third feeding sheet 205 and a third feeding cable (not shown), a fourth feeding sheet 206 and a fourth feeding cable (not shown), a second supporting part 202A, a main radiation part 202, a parasitic radiation part bracket 204 and a parasitic radiation part. Referring to Figure 6A , a feeding network for power splitting and combining is installed on the inner wall of the hollow structure, and a shielding cover 201 is also provided at the position corresponding to the high-frequency oscillator 2. The shielding cover 201 is used for routing the cables, protecting the feeding network and isolating signal interference. The high-frequency oscillator 2 is fixed to the bottom plate 301 through the second bottom plate 207; one end of the second supporting part 202A is fixed to the second bottom plate 207, and the other end is connected to the main radiation part 202; the third feeding sheet 205 and the fourth feeding sheet 206 are placed in the second supporting part 202 and extend to the inner wall of the hollow structure, and are respectively fed through a third feeding cable (not shown) and a fourth feeding cable (not shown) connected to the feeding network; the parasitic radiation part is installed on the side of the main radiation part 202 facing away from the bottom plate 301 through the parasitic radiation part bracket 204. The parasitic radiation part can be as Figure 6B shown, including a first parasitic sheet 203, or as Figure 6B shown, including a first parasitic sheet 203 and a second parasitic sheet 208. The height of the parasitic radiation part relative to the main radiation part 202 can be adjusted through the parasitic radiation part bracket. By reasonably setting the size and position of the parasitic radiation part in the high-frequency oscillator 2, the operating frequency of the antenna can be adjusted and optimized, the standing wave ratio and radiation pattern of the antenna can be improved, and the spurious radiation of the antenna can be suppressed to improve the performance of the antenna, etc.

[0086] In order to further improve the improvement effect of the standing wave ratio of the low-frequency oscillator 1, increase the bandwidth of the high-frequency oscillator 2, and at the same time take into account the gains of the low-frequency oscillator 1 and the high-frequency oscillator 2, in some examples, the specific parameters of the recess 304 provided on the side plate 302 can be set according to the following conditions.

[0087] On the one hand, the position of the recess 304 provided on the side plate 302 corresponds to the position of at least part of the high-frequency oscillator 2. Referring to Figure 4, the antenna unit 100 includes two low-frequency oscillators and four high-frequency oscillators. Four recessed portions 304 are formed on the side plate 302 of the reflector 3, and three of the recessed portions 304 respectively correspond to the positions of three high-frequency oscillators 2.

[0088] In a second aspect, the distance between the main radiation portion 202 of the high-frequency oscillator 2 and the bottom plate 301 is not less than the distance between the bottom of the corresponding recessed portion 304 and the bottom plate 301; meanwhile, the maximum distance w between the two side edges of the recessed portion 304 is 0.4λ2 to 0.6λ2, where λ2 is the wavelength of the radiation wave of the high-frequency oscillator 2. Herein, the bottom of the recessed portion 304 refers to the portion opposite to the opening of the recessed portion 304. Refer to Figure 6A , the distance between the bottom of the recessed portion 304 and the bottom plate 301 is h1, and the distance between the main radiation portion 202 of the high-frequency oscillator 2 and the bottom plate 301 is h2, where h2≥h1.

[0089] In a third aspect, if among the four radiation arms of the low-frequency oscillator 1, the portion closest to the recessed portion 304 and closest to the bottom plate 301 is defined as the first bottom end, the connection line between the center of the recessed portion 304 and the center of the main radiation portion 202 of the high-frequency oscillator 2 corresponding to the recessed portion 304 passes through the above-mentioned first bottom end. Refer to Figure 7 , the center of the recessed portion 304 is O1, the center of the main radiation portion 202 of the high-frequency oscillator 2 is O2, and the first bottom end O3 of the four radiation arms of the low-frequency oscillator 1 that is closest to the recessed portion 304 and closest to the bottom plate 301. When forming the recessed portion 304 and installing the low-frequency oscillator 1 and the high-frequency oscillator 2, the connection line between O1 and O2 should pass through O3. It should be noted that in an actual antenna, due to the limitations of the structures of the low-frequency oscillator 1 and the high-frequency oscillator 2, it is impossible to ensure that the connection line between O1 and O2 exactly passes through O3. At this time, it is sufficient to make O3 near the connection line between O1 and O2.

[0090] In a fourth aspect, the bottom of the recessed portion 304 is in a polygonal shape formed by multiple line segments or is arc-shaped. For example, refer to Figure 3A , the recessed portion 304 is rectangular (the bottom is a line segment). Through simulation verification, it can be known that when the shape of the recessed portion 304 has a right angle ( Figure 3A ), the induced current at this right angle is very large, which is likely to excite unnecessary radiation and cause a sudden change in the radiation effect of the radiation wave in a certain frequency band. Therefore, preferably, the bottom of the recessed portion 304 is arc-shaped, so as to avoid a sudden change in the radiation effect of the radiation wave in a certain frequency band, that is, to make the radiation effect of the radiation wave in the working frequency band show a smooth transition form, and the maximum gain is approximately a horizontal line. Considering the actual process level, the arc at the bottom of the recessed portion 304 can be approximately replaced by a polygonal shape formed by multiple line segments, as shown in Figure 3B . Through simulation verification, when the side plate 302 is provided with Figure 3BWhen the recessed portion 304 shown is present, the standing wave ratio, gain, wave width of the low-frequency oscillator 1 of the antenna, and the wave width of the high-frequency oscillator 2 are all relative to Figure 3A the performance of the shown antenna is significantly improved.

[0091] In the above first, third, and fourth aspects, by defining the position and shape of the recessed portion 304, the standing wave ratio of the low-frequency oscillator 1 can be significantly improved, and the wave width of the high-frequency oscillator 2 can also be improved; further, in the second aspect, by defining the size of the recessed portion 304, it is possible to avoid the problem that the size of the recessed portion 304 is too large, the reflection surface of the reflector 3 is reduced, and the wave width of the low-frequency oscillator 1 increases significantly, resulting in a decrease in gain. Figure 8A and Figure 8B For the antenna using the director loop 13 and Figure 3B the shown reflector and the antenna without using the director loop 13 and Figure 3B the shown reflector, the simulation verification results in terms of gain and horizontal wave width. Figure 8A In represents the average gain of the antenna using the director loop 13 and Figure 3B the shown reflector at 700 MHz - 800 MHz, represents the average gain of the antenna without using the director loop 13 and Figure 3B the shown reflector at 700 MHz - 800 MHz. By comparison, it can be seen that by using the director loop 13 and Figure 3B the shown reflector, the average gain of the antenna is increased by 0.5 dBi. Figure 8B In represents the horizontal wave width of the antenna using the director loop 13 and Figure 3B the shown reflector at 700 MHz - 800 MHz, represents the horizontal wave width of the antenna without using the director loop 13 and Figure 3B the shown reflector at 700 MHz - 800 MHz. By comparison, it can be seen that by using the director loop 13 and Figure 3B the shown reflector, the horizontal wave width of the antenna is decreased by 10°. Since an overly wide horizontal wave width is likely to cause incorrect detection of the antenna, the decrease in the horizontal wave width of the antenna can improve the accuracy of signal detection and tracking of the antenna.

[0092] Generally speaking, for the antenna provided in the above embodiments, improvements can be achieved in terms of the standing wave ratio of the low-frequency oscillator 1, the wave width of the high-frequency oscillator 2, the average gain, and the horizontal wave width of the low-frequency oscillator 1. Therefore, it has good radiation performance.

[0093] Since the reflector 3 of the antenna in the embodiments of the present disclosure has a small length, a compact layout between different oscillators, and a small overall diameter, the coupling between different oscillators is relatively serious. In order to improve the standing wave ratio and polarization isolation of the antenna, in some examples, the antenna unit 100 is further provided with a first isolation sheet 10 for improving the polarization isolation of the low-frequency oscillator 1 and a second isolation sheet 11 for improving the polarization isolation of the high-frequency oscillator 2. Figure 9 Shown is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of the first isolation sheet 10 and the second isolation sheet 11. As Figure 9 shown, the first isolation sheet 10 is located between two low-frequency oscillators 1, and both ends of the first isolation sheet 10 are respectively fixed on two side plates 302 on both sides of the antenna unit 100. Further, in order to avoid the first isolation sheet 10 affecting the radiation of the high-frequency oscillator 2, it can be installed at the Figure 9 position shown, that is, for the antenna unit where three high-frequency oscillators 2 are located between two low-frequency oscillators 1, the first isolation sheet 10 is located between two of the three high-frequency oscillators 2. In this embodiment, the size of the bottom plate 301 is small. In addition to spatial coupling, the coupling caused by the bottom plate 301 is the most serious. Adding the first isolation sheet 10 has an obvious effect on improving the standing wave and polarization isolation of the low-frequency oscillator 1. Continuing to refer to Figure 9 , a second isolation sheet 11 is provided between the high-frequency oscillator 2 and at least one side plate 302. For example, the second isolation sheet 11 can be provided at any one or more of A1 - A6. In the antenna of this embodiment, the performance of the high-frequency oscillator 2 is mainly affected by the bottom plate 301 and the adjacent low-frequency oscillator 1. Among them, the bottom plate 301 will affect the polarization isolation of the high-frequency oscillator 2, and the adjacent low-frequency oscillator 1 to the high-frequency oscillator 2 has a large spatial scattering surface, thus affecting the radiation pattern of the high-frequency oscillator 2. In this example, by adding the second isolation sheet 11, the polarization isolation and radiation pattern of the high-frequency oscillator 2 can be effectively improved.

[0094] In order to further improve the standing wave and polarization isolation of the antenna, the antenna may further include a first baffle 4 and a second baffle 5. Figures 10A - 10D Shown are schematic diagrams of the shapes of four first baffles 4 and second baffles 5, and 10E is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of the first baffle 1 and the second baffle 5. As Figure 2A and Figure 10E shown, the hollow structure formed by sequentially connecting the bottom plates 301 of each reflector 3 has a first end and a second end. The first baffle 4 is disposed at the first end of the hollow structure, and the second baffle 5 is located at the second end of the hollow structure.

[0095] In the first example, the structures of the first baffle 4 and the second baffle 5 can be as Figure 10A shown, respectively adapted to the shapes of the first end and the second end of the hollow structure.

[0096] The second example, the structures of the first baffle 4 and the second baffle 5 are as Figure 10B shown. Among them, the first baffle 4 has a first hollow pattern 401, and the orthographic projection of the first hollow pattern 401 on the horizontal plane is not greater than the orthographic projection of the opening at the first end on the horizontal plane, and / or the second baffle 5 has a second hollow pattern 501, and the orthographic projection of the second hollow pattern 501 on the horizontal plane is not greater than the orthographic projection of the opening at the first end on the horizontal plane. The contours of the first hollow pattern 401 and the second hollow pattern 501 respectively match the outer contours of the first baffle 4 and the second baffle 5.

[0097] The third example, the structures of the first baffle 4 and the second baffle 5 are as Figure 10C shown. Among them, the first baffle 4 includes a first main body 402, a first hollow part 401 penetrating the first main body 402, and a plurality of first branch parts 403 connected to the vertices of the first main body 402; the second baffle 5 includes a second main body 502, a second hollow part 501 penetrating the second main body 502, and a plurality of second branch parts 503 connected to the vertices of the second main body 502.

[0098] The fourth example, the structures of the first baffle 4 and the second baffle 5 are as Figure 10D shown. Among them, the first baffle 4 includes a first main body 402, a first hollow part 401 penetrating the first main body 402, and a first auxiliary part 404 surrounding the periphery of the first main body 402 and connected to the first main body 402; the second baffle 5 includes a second main body 502, a second hollow part 501 penetrating the second main body 502, a second auxiliary part 504 surrounding the periphery of the second main body 502 and connected to the second main body 502, and a plurality of second branch parts 503 connected between the vertices of the second main body 502 and the inner vertices of the second auxiliary part 504.

[0099] In the above examples, the induced current generated by adding the first baffle 4 and the second baffle 5 can effectively improve the standing wave and polarization isolation of the antenna. Through actual measurement of the performance of the antenna including the above four types of baffles, it is found that in terms of the comprehensive effect of the standing wave ratio and polarization isolation, the improvement effect of the fourth type is the best. In addition, the first baffle 4 and the second baffle 5 play a role in restricting the vertical wave width of the low-frequency oscillator 1 and the high-frequency oscillator 2, so the problem of gain reduction caused by too wide vertical wave width can also be avoided.

[0100] Furthermore, the antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may also be provided with a third isolation sheet 12. Figure 10ESchematic diagram of the installation position of the third isolation sheet 12. The third isolation sheet 12 is arranged on the first baffle 4, and is opposed to the part of the radiation arm closest to the first baffle 4, and extends in the direction away from the second baffle 5 of the first baffle 4; for example, among the four radiation arms of the low-frequency oscillator 1, the radiation arms closest to the first baffle 4 are the third radiation arm 1053 and the second radiation arm 1052. The part of the third radiation arm 1053 closest to the first baffle 4 is 1053B, and the part of the second radiation arm 1052 closest to the first baffle 4 is 1052B. The third isolation sheet 12 is directly opposite to the position where 1053B or 1052B is located. The added third isolation sheet 12 in this example can further improve the polarization isolation degree of the low-frequency oscillator 1.

[0101] Figure 11A and Figure 11B are the standing wave ratio and polarization isolation degree of the low-frequency oscillator 1 in the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 11C and Figure 11D are the standing wave ratio and polarization isolation degree of the high-frequency oscillator 2 in the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 12A and Figure 12B are the gain and horizontal beamwidth of the low-frequency oscillator 1 in the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 12C and Figure 12D are the gain and horizontal beamwidth of the high-frequency oscillator 2 in the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figures 11A - 11D Among them, different curves represent the test results of different antenna units 100. From Figure 11A it can be seen that the standing wave ratio of the low-frequency oscillator 1 in each antenna unit 100 is below 1.4; from Figure 11B it can be seen that the polarization isolation degree of the low-frequency oscillator 1 in each antenna unit 100 is above 22 dB; from Figure 11C it can be seen that the standing wave ratio of the high-frequency oscillator 2 in each antenna unit 100 is below 1.4; from Figure 11D it can be seen that the polarization isolation degree of the high-frequency oscillator 2 in each antenna unit 100 is above 25 dB.

[0102] All in all, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, by opening the recess 304 in the reflector 3, respectively adding the first baffle 4 and the second baffle 5 at the first end and the second end of the hollow structure, and arranging the first isolation sheet 10, the second isolation sheet 11 and the third isolation sheet 12 in each antenna unit, the standing wave ratio and polarization isolation degree of the antenna are effectively improved, and the average gain and horizontal beamwidth of the antenna are increased.

[0103] In addition, as Figure 2AAs shown in the figure, the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a fan 7, a fan fixing plate 8, and a GPS antenna 9; wherein, the fan fixing plate 8 is installed on the side of the second baffle 5 away from the first baffle 4, and includes a first side facing the second baffle 5 and a second side opposite to the first side; the fan 7 is installed on the first side of the fan fixing plate 8 and is embedded in the opening at the second end of the hollow structure; the GPS antenna 9 is installed on the second side of the fan fixing plate 8; and the fan fixing plate 8 has an opening exposing at least a part of the fan 7.

[0104] In addition, as Figure 2B shown in the figure, the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes an antenna cover 800 and a base 6. Among them, the antenna cover 800 includes a top cover 802 and a cavity cylinder 801 for enclosing the hollow structure. The base 6 is located on the side of the first baffle 4 away from the second baffle 5 and has a plurality of support columns 601 for supporting the entire antenna. Figure 2C and Figure 2D Two structural schematic diagrams of the antenna cover 800 are provided. The first one is as Figure 2C shown in the figure. The top cover 802 and the cavity cylinder 801 of the antenna cover 800 are bonded together with sealant, and the cavity cylinder 801 and the base 6 are connected by screws. The second one is as Figure 2D shown in the figure. The top cover 802 and the cavity cylinder 801 of the antenna cover 800 are integrally formed. The base 6 is provided with a U-shaped groove, and the cavity cylinder 801 is connected to the base 6 by being embedded in the U-shaped groove. Further, sealant can be applied after the cavity cylinder 801 is embedded in the U-shaped groove to achieve a firm connection. The above two types of antenna covers 800 can be made of polypropylene (PP) material, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material, or fiberglass material, etc., which do not affect the radiation performance of the antenna. Compared with the first type of antenna cover, the second semi-closed antenna cover has better waterproof performance, simple process, and is more suitable for mass production.

[0105] As described above, for each antenna unit 100, the number of low-frequency oscillators 1 and the number of high-frequency oscillators 2 can both be multiple. For example, Figure 13A is a schematic diagram showing that each antenna unit 100 includes 2 low-frequency oscillators 1 and 3 high-frequency oscillators 2; Figure 13B is a first layout diagram showing that each antenna unit 100 includes 1 low-frequency oscillator 1 and 4 high-frequency oscillators 2; Figure 13C is a second layout diagram showing that each antenna unit 100 includes 1 low-frequency oscillator and 4 high-frequency oscillators 2.

[0106] Figure 14A is Figure 4 a gain comparison diagram of the antenna shown in Figure 13A and the antenna shown in Figure 14B is Figure 4 a gain comparison diagram of the antenna shown in Figure 13AThe comparison chart of the vertical beamwidth of the antenna shown, where "2L3H" represents Figure 13A the antenna shown, and "2L4H" represents Figure 4 the antenna shown. As can be seen from Figure 14A and Figure 14B , compared with the antenna including two low-frequency oscillators 1 and four high-frequency oscillators 2 ( Figure 4 shown), Figure 13A for the antenna shown, the average gain within the antenna bandwidth decreases from 13.78 dBi to 12.71 dBi, but the vertical beamwidth increases from 16.99° to 26.17°. Figure 14C is Figure 4 the gain comparison chart of the antenna shown and Figure 13B the antenna shown; Figure 14D is Figure 4 the vertical beamwidth comparison chart of the antenna shown and Figure 13B the antenna shown, where "1L4H" represents Figure 13B the antenna shown, and "2L4H" represents Figure 4 the antenna shown. As can be seen from Figure 14C and Figure 14D , compared with the antenna including two low-frequency oscillators 1 and four high-frequency oscillators 2 ( Figure 4 shown), Figure 13B for the antenna shown, the average gain within the antenna bandwidth decreases from 9.05 dBi to 6.95 dBi, but the vertical beamwidth increases from 39.58° to 66.37°. It can be seen that, compared with the antenna Figure 4 shown, Figure 13A and Figure 13B shown have a larger vertical beamwidth, so they have a stronger ability to resist large swings and tilts of the ship. In actual applications, the number and arrangement of low-frequency and high-frequency oscillators can be set according to the application environment and the requirements for antenna performance.

[0107] Those skilled in the art can understand that a PCB board power divider for power splitting and combining is also installed on the inner wall of the hollow structure bottom plate 301 as a feeding network, which is located between the shielding cover 201 and the bottom plate 301. The number of PCB board power dividers depends on the number of frequency bands of the antenna unit 100. Taking the antenna unit 100 Figure 4 shown as an example, which includes two low-frequency oscillators and four high-frequency oscillators, four PCB board power dividers are required. Among them, two PCB board power dividers are used for the two low-frequency oscillators 1, and two PCB board power dividers are used for the four high-frequency oscillators 2.

[0108] Figure 15A is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the PCB board power divider, as shown in Figure 15AAs shown, the two PCB board power dividers connected to the four high-frequency oscillators 2 are the first high-frequency power divider 210 and the second high-frequency power divider 211 respectively, and the two PCB board power dividers connected to the two low-frequency oscillators 1 are the first low-frequency power divider 110 and the second low-frequency power divider 111 respectively.

[0109] Figure 15B FIG. is a schematic diagram of the first / second high-frequency power divider 210 / 211, which has five ports (D1-D5), and four of the ports D1-D4 are respectively connected to the feeding cables of the first polarization of the four high-frequency oscillators 2, that is, the third feeding cable, and the port D5 is the first polarization combining port and is connected to the RF main board; the four ports D1-D4 of the second high-frequency power divider 211 are respectively connected to the feeding cables of the second polarization of the four high-frequency oscillators 2, that is, the fourth feeding cable, and the port D5 is the second polarization combining port and is connected to the RF main board.

[0110] Figure 15C FIG. is a schematic diagram of the first / second low-frequency power divider 110 / 111, which has three ports (B1-B3), and two of the ports B1 and B2 of the first low-frequency power divider 110 are respectively connected to the feeding cables of the first polarization of the two low-frequency oscillators 1 (the first feeding cable 1031), and the port B3 is the first polarization combining port of the low-frequency oscillator 1 and is connected to the RF main board; the two ports B1 and B2 of the second low-frequency power divider 111 are respectively connected to the feeding cables of the second polarization of the two low-frequency oscillators 1 (the second feeding cable 1041), and the port B3 is the second polarization combining port of the low-frequency oscillator 1 and is connected to the RF main board.

[0111] It can be seen that each antenna unit 100 has four combining ports (two ports D5 and two ports B3), and the six antenna units 100 have a total of 24 combining ports. These 24 combining ports are all connected to the RF main board. When selecting an antenna unit to work, the RF main board compares the power values of each antenna unit 100 and selects the best antenna unit 100 for signal transmission and reception to achieve communication with the base station.

[0112] Regarding the connection between the PCB board power divider and the RF main board, the present disclosure provides two examples.

[0113] The first is as Figure 16A shown, where the RF main board includes two boards, namely the RF main board 1 and the RF main board 2, which are respectively connected to the low-frequency oscillator 1 and the high-frequency oscillator 2. For example, the RF main board 1 is connected to the two ports B3 of the first low-frequency power divider 110 and the second low-frequency power divider 111 in each antenna unit 100, and the RF main board 2 is connected to the two ports D5 of the first high-frequency power divider 210 and the second high-frequency power divider 211 in each antenna unit 100.

[0114] The second is as Figure 16BAs shown, when the first polarizations of the low-frequency oscillator 1 and the high-frequency oscillator 2 are the same, for example, the polarization directions are both +45°, and the second polarizations of the low-frequency oscillator 1 and the high-frequency oscillator 2 are the same, for example, the polarization directions are both -45°, a duplexer can be used to combine the signals of the same polarization at this time. In this way, the number of combining ports can be reduced from 24 to 12. Refer to Figure 16B , each antenna unit 100 only needs two ports to lead out two signals and connect them to the RF main board. This connection method is more convenient for installation. Figure 16C It is the performance graph of the combined signals of the duplexer obtained by actual measurement. As can be seen from the graph, the combined signals have good performance at 700 MHz and 2.6 GHz. Among them, the return loss is below -15 dB, the loss introduced within 703 MHz - 803 MHz is about 0.4 dB, and the average loss within 2.515 GHz - 2.675 GHz is about 0.51 dB, meeting the actual usage requirements.

[0115] On the other hand, based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication device, which includes the antenna described above. In addition, as Figure 17 shown, the communication device further includes a determination module and a signal conversion module. The determination module is configured to determine the antenna unit 100 to be communicatively connected to the signal conversion module according to the signal strength information of the base station signals received by each antenna unit 100; the signal conversion module is configured to perform signal conversion on the signals it receives for the user terminal to access. Exemplarily, the determination module can be the station tracking module 200; the signal conversion module can adopt the 5G CPE module 300; the signal strength information of the received base station signals can be the power intensity of the base station signals.

[0116] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following two specific structures of the station tracking module 200 are given, and the two station tracking modules 200 will be specifically described below.

[0117] The first example: Figure 18A It is the block diagram of the first example of the station tracking module 200 in the embodiments of the present disclosure; as Figure 18A shown, the station tracking module 200 includes a plurality of signal coupling units 21, a plurality of signal detection units 22 correspondingly connected to the signal coupling units 21, a control unit 23, and a first selection unit 24. Among them, the plurality of signal coupling units 21 can be connected to the plurality of antenna units 100 in one-to-one correspondence, and each signal coupling unit 21 is connected to the first selection unit 24. The plurality of signal detection units 22 are connected to the plurality of signal coupling units 21 in one-to-one correspondence, and each signal detection unit 22 is connected to the control unit 23. The control unit 23 is connected to the first selection unit 24. In this case, each antenna unit 100 and the corresponding signal coupling unit 21 and signal detection unit 22 form a transmission link for the base station signals.

[0118] Specifically, the signal coupling unit 21 is configured to couple a part of the base station signal received by the antenna unit 100 connected thereto to the signal detection unit 22, and the other part is transmitted to the first selection unit 24. It should be noted that since the signal detection unit 22 is only for analyzing the intensity of the base station signal and does not need to use this part of the signal as a radiation signal, the base station signal coupled to the signal detection unit 22 is much less than the base station signal transmitted to the first selection unit 24.

[0119] The signal detection unit 22 is configured to analyze the base station signal it receives and determine the signal intensity of the base station signal received by the corresponding antenna unit 100. Among them, the signal intensity includes but is not limited to power intensity. Specifically, the signal detection unit 22 is specifically configured to detect the received base station signal. The signal detection unit 22 includes signal preprocessing, a radio frequency power detector, and an analog-to-digital converter ADC. The signal preprocessing performs operations such as filtering and amplification. The power detector is based on diode square-law detection. After band-pass filtering, the carrier voltage power can be obtained. After being sampled by the ADC, it is input to the control unit for judgment and processing.

[0120] The control unit 23 is configured to determine the antenna unit 100 to communicate with the 5G CPE module 300 according to the signal intensities of the base station signals received by the respective antenna units 100 determined by each signal detection unit 22, and generate a corresponding control signal to be sent to the antenna selection unit. For example: the antenna unit 100 with the maximum signal intensity of the base station signal received among the respective antenna units 100 is used as the antenna unit 100 to communicate with the 5G CPE module 300.

[0121] The first selection unit 24 is configured to transmit the base station signal received by the corresponding antenna unit 100 to the 5G CPE module 300 according to the control signal sent by the control unit 23.

[0122] The second example: Figure 18B It is a block diagram of the second example of the chasing station module 200 of this disclosure; as Figure 18BAs shown, in this example, the tracking station module 200 includes a plurality of signal coupling units 21, a plurality of signal preprocessing units 25 correspondingly connected to the signal coupling units 21, a signal strength reading unit 27, a control unit 23, a first selection unit 24, and a second selection unit 26. Among them, the plurality of signal coupling units 21 can be correspondingly connected to the plurality of antenna units 100 one by one, and each signal coupling unit 21 is correspondingly connected to a signal preprocessing unit 25 one by one. Each signal preprocessing unit 25 is connected to the second selection unit 26. The second selection unit 26 is connected to the control unit 23 and the signal strength reading unit 27. The signal strength reading unit 27 is also connected to the control unit 23, and the control unit 23 is also connected to the first selection unit 24. In this case, each antenna unit 100 and the corresponding signal coupling unit 21 and signal preprocessing unit 25 form a transmission link for the base station signal.

[0123] Specifically, the signal coupling unit 21 is configured to couple a part of the base station signal received by the antenna unit 100 connected thereto to the signal preprocessing unit 25, and the other part is transmitted to the first selection unit 24. It should be noted that since the signal preprocessing unit 25 is only used to preprocess the base station signal so that the signal strength reading module can read the strength of the base station signal, and this part of the signal does not need to be used as a radiation signal, the base station signal coupled to the signal preprocessing unit 25 is much less than the base station signal transmitted to the first selection unit 24.

[0124] The signal detection unit 22 is configured to preprocess the base station signal it receives so that the signal strength reading module can read the signal strength information of the base station signal. Among them, the signal strength includes but is not limited to the power strength. Specifically, the signal preprocessing unit 25 is specifically configured to perform detection, signal amplification, filtering, analog-to-digital conversion, digital signal processing, etc. on the received base station signal.

[0125] The control unit 23 controls the second selection unit 26 to alternately select and connect the signal preprocessing and signal strength reading unit 27, so that the signal strength reading unit 27 reads the signal strength information of the base station signal received by the antenna unit 100 through the AT command. The signal strength reading unit 27 feeds back the strength information of the base station signals received by each antenna unit 100 read in turn to the control unit 23. The control unit 23 controls the first control unit 23 to communicate the antenna unit 100 with the largest received base station signal strength with the 5G CPE module 300 according to the strength information of the base station signals received by each antenna unit 100.

[0126] For the tracking station module 200 in this example, by alternately detecting the base station signals received by each antenna, the number of ports of the control unit 23 can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

[0127] In a third aspect, based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication method. Figure 19 It is a flowchart of the communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As Figure 19 shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0128] S1. Through the station tracking module 200, according to the signal strength information of the base station signals received by each antenna unit 100, the control unit 23 determines the antenna unit 100 to be communicatively connected to the 5G CPE module 300 based on the strength signals of the base station signals received by each antenna unit 100 obtained by the station tracking module 200.

[0129] S2. When the antenna unit 100 currently communicatively connected to the 5G CPE module 300 is different from the determined antenna unit 100 to be communicatively connected to the 5G CPE module 300, the control unit 23 controls the first selection unit 24 to switch the antenna unit 100 communicatively connected to the 5G CPE module 300.

[0130] S3. The 5G CPE module 300 converts the signals it receives for the user terminal to access.

[0131] In the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, the station tracking module 200 first determines the signal strength information of the base station signals received by each antenna unit 100, and then uses the one with the strongest currently received base station signal as the antenna unit 100 communicatively connected to the 5G CPE module 300. In this way, the signal strength output by the 5G CPE module 300 will also be stronger, thereby improving the user's Internet experience.

[0132] In some examples, Figure 20 It is a specific flowchart of step S1 in the communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As Figure 20 , S1. Through the station tracking module 200, according to the signal strength information of the base station signals received by each antenna unit 100, the control unit 23 determines the antenna unit 100 to be communicatively connected to the 5G CPE module 300 based on the strength signals of the base station signals received by each antenna unit 100 obtained by the station tracking module 2. Specifically, it may include:

[0133] S111. Through the signal coupler, part of the signals received by the connected antenna unit 100 is coupled to the signal detection unit 22, and the other part is transmitted to the first selection unit 24.

[0134] S112. The signal detection unit 22 detects the signals it receives to obtain the signal strength information of the base station signals.

[0135] S113. The control unit 23 generates corresponding control signals according to the signal strength information of the base station signals detected by each signal detection unit 22 it receives, and sends the control signals to the first selection unit 24.

[0136] S114. The first selection unit 24 determines the antenna unit 100 to communicate with the 5G CPE module 300 according to the control signal, and connects it to the 5G CPE module 300 for communication.

[0137] In some examples, Figure 21 is another specific flowchart of step S1 in the communication method of this disclosure; as Figure 21 , S1. The tracking station module 200 determines the antenna unit 100 to communicate with the 5G CPE module 300 according to the signal strength information of the base station signals received by each antenna unit 100. Specifically, the control unit 23 determines the antenna unit 100 to communicate with the 5G CPE module 300 according to the strength signals of the base station signals received by each antenna unit 100 obtained by the tracking station module 200, which may specifically include:

[0138] S121. The signal coupler couples a part of the signals received by the connected antenna unit 100 to the signal detection unit 22, and the other part is transmitted to the first selection unit 24.

[0139] S122. The signal preprocessing module preprocesses the signals it receives.

[0140] S123. The control unit 23 controls the second selection unit 26 to alternately select and connect the signal preprocessing unit 25 and the signal strength reading unit 27. The signal strength reading unit 27 reads the signals output by the second selection unit 26, and determines the signal strength information of the base station signals received by the antenna unit 100.

[0141] S124. The control unit 23 generates corresponding control signals according to the signal strength information of the base station signals read by each signal strength reading module it receives, and sends the control signals to the first selection unit 24.

[0142] S125. The first selection unit 24 determines the antenna unit 100 to communicate with the 5G CPE module 300 according to the control signal, and connects it to the 5G CPE module 300 for communication.

[0143] It can be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments adopted to illustrate the principle of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna, comprising a plurality of reflectors and a plurality of antenna units; the reflector comprises a bottom plate and a side plate connected to the bottom plate; the bottom plates are sequentially connected to form a hollow structure, and an antenna unit located on the bottom plate is arranged between two side plates; characterized in that: The side plate has at least one recessed portion, and an opening of the recessed portion faces away from the bottom plate.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that Each of the antenna units further comprises m first oscillators and n second oscillators arranged side by side on the bottom plate, where m and n are both positive integers not less than 1; the operating frequency of the first oscillator is less than the operating frequency of the second oscillator; The recessed portion is provided on the side plate at a position corresponding to at least a portion of the second vibrator.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second oscillator includes a main radiating portion; the recessed portion includes a bottom portion opposite to its opening, and the distance between the main radiating portion and the bottom plate is not less than the distance between the bottom portion and the bottom plate.

4. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The maximum distance between the two sides of the recessed portion is 0.4λ2-0.6λ2, wherein λ2 is the wavelength of the radiation wave of the second oscillator.

5. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the recessed portion is in an arc shape or a broken line shape formed by a plurality of line segments.

6. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first oscillator comprises four radiating arms, wherein every two adjacent radiating arms cross each other to form a cross-polarization structure; the portion of the radiating arm closest to the recessed portion and the bottom plate is the first bottom end; A line connecting the center of the recessed portion and the center of the second dipole main radiation portion corresponding to the recessed portion passes through the first bottom end.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The radiation arm has a hollow portion.

8. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The first vibrator further includes a first bottom plate, a first supporting assembly, a first feeding plate and a second feeding plate; Wherein, the first bottom sheet is mounted on the bottom plate; The first supporting assembly includes four supporting bodies, a first end of which is connected to the first bottom film, and a second end of which is respectively connected to the four radiating arms; The first bottom film, the first supporting assembly and the four radiating arms are an integrated sheet metal part; The first feeding plate is connected to two opposite supporting bodies among the four supporting bodies, and the second feeding plate is connected to the other two opposite supporting bodies among the four supporting bodies; The first feeding plate and the second feeding plate are each an integral sheet metal part.

9. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The antenna unit further includes a guiding ring; the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the guiding ring on the base plate is not less than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the cross-polarization structure on the base plate.

10. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The antenna unit also includes a first isolation sheet; The first isolation plate is located between the two first oscillators, and two ends of the first isolation plate are respectively fixed to the two side plates on both sides of the antenna unit.

11. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second isolation sheet is arranged between the second vibrator and at least one side plate.

12. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that The hollow structure includes a first end and a second end; The antenna further includes a first baffle and a second baffle, wherein the first baffle is disposed at a first end of the hollow structure, and the second baffle is disposed at a second end of the hollow structure.

13. The antenna according to claim 12, characterized in that: The antenna unit also includes a third isolation sheet; The third isolation sheet is disposed on the first baffle, is opposite to a portion of the radiation arm closest to the first baffle, and extends toward the first baffle in a direction away from the second baffle.

14. The antenna according to claim 12, characterized in that: The first baffle has a first hollow pattern, and the orthographic projection of the first hollow pattern on the horizontal plane is not greater than the orthographic projection of the opening of the first end on the horizontal plane; and / or, The second baffle has a second hollow pattern, and an orthographic projection of the second hollow pattern on a horizontal plane is not greater than an orthographic projection of the opening of the second end on the horizontal plane.

15. The antenna according to claim 14, characterized in that When the second baffle has a second hollow pattern, the contour of the second hollow pattern matches the outer contour of the second baffle.

16. The antenna according to claim 14, characterized in that The first baffle includes a first main portion and a first auxiliary portion; The first hollow pattern runs through the first main body; The first auxiliary portion surrounds the periphery of the first main portion and is connected to the first main portion.

17. The antenna according to claim 14, characterized in that The second baffle includes a second main body and a plurality of second branch portions; The second hollow pattern runs through the second main body; The second branch portion is connected to a vertex position of the second main body portion.

18. The antenna according to claim 14, characterized in that The second baffle comprises a second main body portion, a second auxiliary portion and a plurality of second branch portions; The second hollow pattern runs through the second main body; The second branch portion is connected to the vertex position of the second main body portion; The second auxiliary portion surrounds the periphery of the second main body portion, matches the contour of the second hollow pattern, and is connected to the second main body portion through the second branch portion.

19. The antenna according to claim 12, characterized in that: It also includes a fan, a fan fixing plate, and a GPS antenna; Wherein, the fan fixing plate is installed on a side of the second baffle away from the first baffle, including a first side surface directly facing the second baffle and a second side surface opposite to the first side surface; The fan is mounted on the first side and embedded in the opening of the second end; The GPS antenna is installed on the second side; The fan fixing plate has an opening exposing at least a portion of the fan.

20. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that Also includes a shielding cover fixed on the base plate; The shielding cover corresponds to the position of the second vibrator and is located on the inner wall of the hollow structure.

21. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a base and an antenna cover, wherein the antenna cover includes a top cover and a hollow cylinder for enclosing the hollow structure, wherein the top cover is connected to the hollow cylinder, and the hollow cylinder is connected to the base.

22. A communication device, characterized in that: Comprising the antenna as described in any one of claims 1-21.

23. The communication device according to claim 22, characterized in that Also includes a determination module and a signal conversion module; The determination module is configured to determine the antenna unit to be communicatively connected with the signal conversion module according to the signal strength information of the base station signal received by each antenna unit; The signal conversion module is configured to convert the received signal for access by the user terminal.

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